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US20140110141A1 - Hammering Apparatus - Google Patents

Hammering Apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140110141A1
US20140110141A1 US13/880,390 US201113880390A US2014110141A1 US 20140110141 A1 US20140110141 A1 US 20140110141A1 US 201113880390 A US201113880390 A US 201113880390A US 2014110141 A1 US2014110141 A1 US 2014110141A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
mass
cylinder
space
impact
piston rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/880,390
Inventor
Mikko Lindeman
Antti Hanninen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MOVAX Oy
Original Assignee
MOVAX Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MOVAX Oy filed Critical MOVAX Oy
Assigned to MOVAX OY reassignment MOVAX OY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HANNINEN, ANTTI, LINDEMAN, MIKKO
Publication of US20140110141A1 publication Critical patent/US20140110141A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02—Placing by driving
    • E02D7/06—Power-driven drivers
    • E02D7/10—Power-driven drivers with pressure-actuated hammer, i.e. the pressure fluid acting directly on the hammer structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
    • B25D9/06—Means for driving the impulse member
    • B25D9/12—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a built-in liquid motor, i.e. the tool being driven by hydraulic pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02—Placing by driving
    • E02D7/06—Power-driven drivers

Definitions

  • Invention relates to a hammering apparatus functioning with a pressurized medium, such as with a pressure fluid of a hydraulic system (pressure medium)
  • hammering apparatus comprises an elongated body which can be attached to a power tool, a movable impact mass adjusted to be resting on the body for which impact mass a linear control part is adjusted to the mentioned body and an arrangement for lifting the movable mass up for the impact comprising the first cylinder and a piston which can be moved in it with the help of a pressure fluid and comprising the piston rod in which case in the arrangement the mentioned piston rod is attached to the mentioned mass and comprises a valve arrangement with the help of which the pressure of the hydraulic fluid can be directed to the first cylinder to the other side of the piston for the uplifting of the mass and the mentioned pressure can be reduced suddenly when the mass is being directed to impact.
  • a hammering apparatus performing impacts downwards with the help of a mass which can be lifted up is previously known for example from the publication WO 03097945 in which several hydraulic cylinders are located outside the mass with which cylinders the mass is both lifted up and with the help of them also pressure is allocated to the gas spaces located at the other side of the pistons located in the cylinders with which pressure the mass is accelerated during the impact. For the duration of the impact the hydraulic pressure is removed from the cylinders.
  • This solution has the disadvantage that during the impact the hydraulic fluid cannot be removed from the cylinder fast enough because it must be directed along the return line to a non-pressurized tank of the system.
  • the return line creates back pressure and the impact which is performed with compressed gas stays inefficient to a certain extent.
  • the flow resistances of the return line thus create a problem when sudden back flow of the hydraulic fluid is required.
  • the above mentioned solution has also the disadvantage that the device becomes broad when the cylinders are located at the sides of the movable mass.
  • the forces directed to the mass must be directed from the cylinders in sideways with the help of special arms in which case the arms become very heavy.
  • It is difficult to make guide bars which direct the motion for the mass because the cylinders are located at the same place outside the mass.
  • Each cylinder requires its own valve because the valves must be installed as close to the cylinder as possible. Further it is difficult to get efficient cooling to the gas spaces located in the cylinders.
  • the advantage of the invention is the fact that during the acceleration of the mass the back pressure caused by the hydraulic fluid being removed suddenly from the cylinder can be essentially reduced when it can be directed for a while to a nearby space expanding exactly at the same time.
  • the hydraulic fluid is removed from this space to the return line but its removal does not have to be sudden.
  • a breathing space is created to the hammering apparatus which space receives pressure fluid at the same time as the impacts occur and removes it at the right time.
  • the forces moving the mass can be organized in the back of the mass in order to affect at the same line on which the mass is moving, too. Further an efficient cooling can be achieved to the cylinder spaces in which the gas becomes warmer due to compression when a changing hydraulic fluid which has a lower temperature circulates behind a wall which conducts warmth well and cools gas spaces through the wall.
  • the hammering apparatus one can utilize a lot piston strokes which deviate from each other and the one can utilize movements of the mass when the mass can be lifted even to its highest position without the gas being squeezed excessively although also a pre-pressure would be set for the gas.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention as a side view.
  • FIG. 2 shows the device of the FIG. 1 to which impact mass and the structures required by it have been added.
  • FIG. 1 a hammering apparatus is shown from which a hollow arm 1 coming out functions both as a lifting arm when the impact mass is being lifted up and when the mass impacts to it functions as an arm conveying accelerating force.
  • the arm 1 functions also as a piston rod for the piston 16 which is moved with hydraulic pressure.
  • the hydraulic pressure is directed from the valve 15 along a pipe 14 to the front side (left side) of the piston 16 .
  • There is a cylinder space 4 at the backside (right side) of the piston 16 which cylinder space is restricted to be an annular space by an inner pipe 3 .
  • a cylinder liner 20 functions as its outer surface.
  • the piston 16 and the piston rod 1 slide sealed on top of the inner pipe.
  • the cylinder space 4 is filled with gaseous nitrogen to an appropriate pre-pressure. Gaps 17 are directed from the cylinder space 4 to an annular space 5 located outside of it which annular space thus also functions as a store of the gaseous nitrogen and also becomes pressurized as the space 4 becomes pressurized due to the gaps 17 .
  • the outermost pipe 21 forms the outer surface of the annular space 5 .
  • the piston 16 performs the uplifting of the mass 10 and the cylinder space 6 located in front of it receives the pressurized hydraulic fluid along the pipe 14 .
  • the hydraulic fluid returns along the same pipe 14 as a very sudden burst. So that no back pressure would get created, the return liquid is directed to the inner space 2 of the inner pipe 3 with the help of a valve arrangement 15 which inner space is a space expanding at the very moment because the piston rod 1 moves outwards. Only a short pipe 14 with a relatively large diameter is left for the pressure fluid to run during the impact. Due to this the pressure fluid can be removed suddenly from the cylinder space 6 . When the mass 10 is lifted up, the pressure fluid has more time to go away from the inner space 2 of the piston rod 1 and the inner pipe 3 to the return line.
  • the changing pressure fluid located inside the inner pipe 3 also cools efficiently the compressible gas inside the cylinder space 4 .
  • a hammering apparatus of the FIG. 1 is shown located to the right end of the shaft tube 19 .
  • the shaft tube 19 functions also as the control element of the impact mass 10 when the impact mass slides in the shaft tube 19 when the hammering apparatus lifts it up and accelerates it for the impact downwards.
  • the impact mass 10 has a movement space 12 .
  • the impact mass 10 hits the piece 13 .
  • the whole hammering apparatus is attached for example to the end of the boom of an excavator from the part 11 attached to the shaft tube 17 when one works with it. With the help of an opened stage of the valve 15 shown by the FIG. 1 the length of the uplifting of the mass is adjusted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

Hammering apparatus functioning with a pressurized medium, such as a pressure fluid of a hydraulic system which hammering apparatus comprises an elongated body (19) to be attached to a power tool, a movable impact mass (10) adjusted to rest on the body (19) for which impact mass a linear control part is adjusted to the mentioned body (19) and an arrangement for lifting up the movable mass (10) for the impact comprising the first cylinder (20) and a piston (16) which can be moved in it with the help of pressure fluid and a piston rod (1) in which case in the arrangement the mentioned piston rod (1) is attached to the mentioned mass (10) and comprises a valve arrangement (15) with the help of which the pressure of the hydraulic fluid can be directed to the first cylinder (20) to the other side of the piston (16) for the uplifting of the mass (10) and the mentioned pressure can be suddenly reduced when the mass (10) is being directed to impact. During the impact of the mass (10) the hydraulic fluid or a part of it coming back from the cylinder space (6) of the first cylinder (20) can be directed to an expanding space (2) inside the piston rod (1) with the help of a valve arrangement (15) in which case a harmful back pressure caused by the hydraulic fluid being removed from the front of the piston (16) is essentially reduced.

Description

  • Invention relates to a hammering apparatus functioning with a pressurized medium, such as with a pressure fluid of a hydraulic system (pressure medium) which hammering apparatus comprises an elongated body which can be attached to a power tool, a movable impact mass adjusted to be resting on the body for which impact mass a linear control part is adjusted to the mentioned body and an arrangement for lifting the movable mass up for the impact comprising the first cylinder and a piston which can be moved in it with the help of a pressure fluid and comprising the piston rod in which case in the arrangement the mentioned piston rod is attached to the mentioned mass and comprises a valve arrangement with the help of which the pressure of the hydraulic fluid can be directed to the first cylinder to the other side of the piston for the uplifting of the mass and the mentioned pressure can be reduced suddenly when the mass is being directed to impact.
  • A hammering apparatus performing impacts downwards with the help of a mass which can be lifted up is previously known for example from the publication WO 03097945 in which several hydraulic cylinders are located outside the mass with which cylinders the mass is both lifted up and with the help of them also pressure is allocated to the gas spaces located at the other side of the pistons located in the cylinders with which pressure the mass is accelerated during the impact. For the duration of the impact the hydraulic pressure is removed from the cylinders. This solution has the disadvantage that during the impact the hydraulic fluid cannot be removed from the cylinder fast enough because it must be directed along the return line to a non-pressurized tank of the system. The return line creates back pressure and the impact which is performed with compressed gas stays inefficient to a certain extent. The flow resistances of the return line thus create a problem when sudden back flow of the hydraulic fluid is required.
  • The above mentioned solution has also the disadvantage that the device becomes broad when the cylinders are located at the sides of the movable mass. The forces directed to the mass must be directed from the cylinders in sideways with the help of special arms in which case the arms become very heavy. It is difficult to make guide bars which direct the motion for the mass because the cylinders are located at the same place outside the mass. Each cylinder requires its own valve because the valves must be installed as close to the cylinder as possible. Further it is difficult to get efficient cooling to the gas spaces located in the cylinders.
  • With the hammering apparatus according to the invention essential improvements can be achieved to the known prior art and it is characteristic of the invention that during the impact of the mass the hydraulic fluid coming from the cylinder space of the first cylinder or a part of it can be directed to an expanding space inside the piston rod with the help of a valve arrangement in which case a harmful back pressure caused by the hydraulic fluid being removed from the front of the piston is essentially reduced.
  • The advantage of the invention is the fact that during the acceleration of the mass the back pressure caused by the hydraulic fluid being removed suddenly from the cylinder can be essentially reduced when it can be directed for a while to a nearby space expanding exactly at the same time. When the mass is being lifted up to be effective, the hydraulic fluid is removed from this space to the return line but its removal does not have to be sudden. Thus in the invention a breathing space is created to the hammering apparatus which space receives pressure fluid at the same time as the impacts occur and removes it at the right time.
  • With the help of the structure according to the invention also the forces moving the mass can be organized in the back of the mass in order to affect at the same line on which the mass is moving, too. Further an efficient cooling can be achieved to the cylinder spaces in which the gas becomes warmer due to compression when a changing hydraulic fluid which has a lower temperature circulates behind a wall which conducts warmth well and cools gas spaces through the wall. With the hammering apparatus one can utilize a lot piston strokes which deviate from each other and the one can utilize movements of the mass when the mass can be lifted even to its highest position without the gas being squeezed excessively although also a pre-pressure would be set for the gas.
  • In the following the invention is described more detailed by referring to the accompanying drawings in which
  • FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention as a side view.
  • FIG. 2 shows the device of the FIG. 1 to which impact mass and the structures required by it have been added.
    •
  • In the FIG. 1 a hammering apparatus is shown from which a hollow arm 1 coming out functions both as a lifting arm when the impact mass is being lifted up and when the mass impacts to it functions as an arm conveying accelerating force. At the end of the arm 1 there is an attaching part 9 with which it is attached to the impact mass. The arm 1 functions also as a piston rod for the piston 16 which is moved with hydraulic pressure. The hydraulic pressure is directed from the valve 15 along a pipe 14 to the front side (left side) of the piston 16. There is a cylinder space 4 at the backside (right side) of the piston 16 which cylinder space is restricted to be an annular space by an inner pipe 3. A cylinder liner 20 functions as its outer surface.
  • The piston 16 and the piston rod 1 slide sealed on top of the inner pipe. The cylinder space 4 is filled with gaseous nitrogen to an appropriate pre-pressure. Gaps 17 are directed from the cylinder space 4 to an annular space 5 located outside of it which annular space thus also functions as a store of the gaseous nitrogen and also becomes pressurized as the space 4 becomes pressurized due to the gaps 17. The outermost pipe 21 forms the outer surface of the annular space 5. When the gaseous nitrogen streams all the time through the gaps 17 to the annular space 5 and away from there when the hammering apparatus is at work, the hydraulic fluid directed to the annular space 6 cools efficiently the gaseous nitrogen which aims to become warmer due to continuous compression and a pressure decrease following it.
  • The piston 16 performs the uplifting of the mass 10 and the cylinder space 6 located in front of it receives the pressurized hydraulic fluid along the pipe 14. During the impact the hydraulic fluid returns along the same pipe 14 as a very sudden burst. So that no back pressure would get created, the return liquid is directed to the inner space 2 of the inner pipe 3 with the help of a valve arrangement 15 which inner space is a space expanding at the very moment because the piston rod 1 moves outwards. Only a short pipe 14 with a relatively large diameter is left for the pressure fluid to run during the impact. Due to this the pressure fluid can be removed suddenly from the cylinder space 6. When the mass 10 is lifted up, the pressure fluid has more time to go away from the inner space 2 of the piston rod 1 and the inner pipe 3 to the return line.
  • The changing pressure fluid located inside the inner pipe 3 also cools efficiently the compressible gas inside the cylinder space 4.
  • In the FIG. 2 a hammering apparatus of the FIG. 1 is shown located to the right end of the shaft tube 19. The shaft tube 19 functions also as the control element of the impact mass 10 when the impact mass slides in the shaft tube 19 when the hammering apparatus lifts it up and accelerates it for the impact downwards. The impact mass 10 has a movement space 12. The impact mass 10 hits the piece 13. The whole hammering apparatus is attached for example to the end of the boom of an excavator from the part 11 attached to the shaft tube 17 when one works with it. With the help of an opened stage of the valve 15 shown by the FIG. 1 the length of the uplifting of the mass is adjusted.

Claims (6)

1. Hammering apparatus functioning with a pressurized medium, such as a pressure fluid of a hydraulic system which hammering apparatus comprises an elongated body (19) to be attached to a power tool, a movable impact mass (10) adjusted to rest on the body (19) for which impact mass a linear control part is adjusted to the mentioned body (19) and an arrangement for lifting up the movable mass (10) for the impact comprising the first cylinder (20) and a piston (16) which can be moved in it with the help of pressure fluid and a piston rod (1) in which case in the arrangement the mentioned piston rod (1) is attached to the mentioned mass (10) and comprises a valve arrangement (15) with the help of which the pressure of the hydraulic fluid can be directed to the first cylinder (20) to the other side of the piston (16) for the uplifting of the mass (10) and the mentioned pressure can be suddenly reduced when the mass (10) is being directed to impact, characterized in that during the impact of the mass (10) the hydraulic fluid or a part of it coming back from the cylinder space (6) of the first cylinder (20) can be directed to an expanding space (2) inside the piston rod (1) with the help of a valve arrangement (15) in which case a harmful back pressure caused by the hydraulic fluid being removed from the front of the piston (16) is essentially reduced.
2. Hammering apparatus according to the claim 1, characterized in that the piston rod (1) of the first cylinder (20) is hollow in which case it is adjusted to move sealed on top of the inner pipe (3) and the inner space (2) of the inner pipe (3) and the inner space (2) of the piston rod (1) function as an expanding space being able to receive hydraulic fluid which is to be directed to the return line at the same time as the impacts occur and during the uplifting of the mass (10) the movement of the piston rod (1) removes hydraulic fluid from the mentioned inner space (2) to the non-pressurized return line of the hydraulic system.
3. Hammering apparatus according to the claim 1, characterized in that the valve arrangement (15) is adjusted to open a passage for the pressure fluid from the inner space (2) of the piston rod (1) and the inner pipe (3) to the return line of the hydraulic system when the mass (1) is being lifted up and is adjusted to open a passage for the hydraulic fluid coming back along the pipe (14) to the mentioned inner space (2) when the mass (10) is accelerated for the impact.
4. Hammering apparatus according to the claim 1, characterized in that the annular space (5), cylinder space (4) and the inner pipe (3) are located coaxially in relation to each other.
5. Hammering apparatus according to the claim 1, characterized in that a space (5) which has a volume which stays constant and is connected through gaps (17) is attached to the part (4) of the cylinder space of the first cylinder (20) filled with gas.
6. Hammering apparatus according to the claim 5, characterized in that the space (5) staying constant and is connected with the help of the gaps (17) is formed to be an annular space around the first cylinder (20).
US13/880,390 2010-10-21 2011-10-21 Hammering Apparatus Abandoned US20140110141A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20100353 2010-10-21
FI20100353A FI123463B (en) 2010-10-21 2010-10-21 Impact medium powered impactor
PCT/FI2011/000043 WO2012052601A1 (en) 2010-10-21 2011-10-21 Hammering apparatus

Publications (1)

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US20140110141A1 true US20140110141A1 (en) 2014-04-24

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US13/880,390 Abandoned US20140110141A1 (en) 2010-10-21 2011-10-21 Hammering Apparatus

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US (1) US20140110141A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2655748B1 (en)
BR (1) BR112013009762A2 (en)
FI (1) FI123463B (en)
RU (1) RU2589777C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2012052601A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2018091767A1 (en) * 2016-11-17 2018-05-24 Junttan Oy A driving cylinder of a pile driving rig and a pile driving rig

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US412517A (en) * 1889-10-08 And george h
US461796A (en) * 1891-10-20 Pneumatic tool
US504803A (en) * 1893-09-12 drawbaugh
US711859A (en) * 1900-12-24 1902-10-21 William M Holden Pneumatic tool.
US890546A (en) * 1906-01-29 1908-06-09 August B Wittmann Rock-drilling explosive-engine.
US904528A (en) * 1908-01-18 1908-11-24 James Hamilton Power-hammer.
US910560A (en) * 1908-03-18 1909-01-26 Wilhelm Mauss Percussion-machine.
US1077469A (en) * 1911-12-02 1913-11-04 August A Goubert Power-driven hammer.
FR438509A (en) * 1911-12-29 1912-05-20 Andre Blavinhac Hitter for foundation and other work
US1122591A (en) * 1913-04-29 1914-12-29 Francis L Pruyn Power-hammer.
US1167975A (en) * 1914-05-21 1916-01-11 Engineering Products Corp Pneumatic-tool piston.
US1158839A (en) * 1915-08-11 1915-11-02 Leon Pierce Power-hammer.
US1226272A (en) * 1916-04-08 1917-05-15 Thomas E Sturtevant Pile-hammer.
US1257762A (en) * 1917-04-17 1918-02-26 Mckiernan Terry Drill Company Subaqueous pile-hammer.
FR681270A (en) * 1928-09-05 1930-05-13 British Steel Piling Co Ltd Improvements to the order of distributors
FR663726A (en) * 1928-11-09 1929-08-24 Anciens Etablissements Bonehil Automatic sheep for pile driving
US1917066A (en) * 1929-04-02 1933-07-04 Schalscha Max Pile hammer
US2068045A (en) * 1933-08-16 1937-01-19 Wohlmeyer Josef Piston pile driver
US2223645A (en) * 1936-12-08 1940-12-03 Solomon Guillaume Jean Well and the like sinking apparatus
DE662207C (en) * 1937-01-24 1938-07-07 Demag Akt Ges Ram operated by compressed air or steam
DE686239C (en) * 1938-04-08 1940-01-05 Demag Akt Ges Ram operated by a gaseous propellant
US2392061A (en) * 1940-01-03 1946-01-01 Pfeiffer Paul Regulating device for pile-driver monkeys
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FI20100353L (en) 2012-04-22
WO2012052601A1 (en) 2012-04-26
EP2655748B1 (en) 2018-11-28
EP2655748A4 (en) 2017-03-15
EP2655748A1 (en) 2013-10-30
FI123463B (en) 2013-05-15
RU2013123291A (en) 2014-11-27
BR112013009762A2 (en) 2016-07-19
FI20100353A0 (en) 2010-10-21
RU2589777C2 (en) 2016-07-10

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