US20130213529A1

US20130213529A1 - High-strength cold rolled steel sheet having excellent deep drawability and bake hardenability and method for manufacturing the same

Info

Publication number: US20130213529A1
Application number: US13/882,300
Authority: US
Inventors: Hideyuki Kimura; Yasunobu Nagataki
Original assignee: JFE Steel Corp
Current assignee: JFE Steel Corp
Priority date: 2010-11-05
Filing date: 2011-10-28
Publication date: 2013-08-22
Also published as: JP5825481B2; CA2814193A1; TWI473887B; CA2814193C; TW201239105A; CN103201403A; KR101561358B1; KR20130055021A; WO2012060294A1; MX2013005011A; EP2636762A4; JP2012112039A; BR112013011013A2; CN103201403B; MX350226B; EP2636762A1; EP2636762B1

Abstract

A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet having excellent deep drawability and bake hardenability, with a tensile strength ≧440 MPa, an average r-value ≧1.20 and a bake hardening value ≧40 MPa, is obtained by subjecting a steel raw material having a chemical composition including C: 0.010-0.06 mass %, Si: more than 0C:\Users\ejensen\Desktop\!TEMP\.5 mass % but not more than 1.5 mass %, Mn: 1.0-3.0 mass %, Nb: 0.010-0.090 mass %, Ti: 0.015-0.15 mass % and satisfying

(Nb/93)/(C/12)<0.20 to hot rolling, cold rolling and then to annealing including steps of heating to a temperature of 800-900° C. while a temperature region of 700-800° C. is an average heating rate <3° C./s, and soaking and thereafter cooling at a rate ≧5° C./s from the soaking temperature to a cooling stop temperature ≦500° C. to thereby form a microstructure including ferrite phase with an area ratio ≧70% and martensite phase with an area ratio ≧3%.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet suitable for use in an outer panel and the like of an automobile body and having a tensile strength TS of not less than 440 MPa, an average r-value of not less than 1.20 and a Bake hardening (BH) value of not less than 40 MPa and excellent deep drawability and bake hardenability as well as a method for manufacturing the same.

BACKGROUND ART

Recently, it is strongly demanded to reduce the weight. of the automobile body for improving a fuel consumption of an automobile and reducing CO₂discharge amount from a viewpoint of the protection of global environment. At the same time, it is strongly demanded to increase the strength of the automobile body in view of ensuring safeness of crew member(s) at the time of impact. In order to meet these demands, it is required to simultaneously satisfy the weight reduction and the increase in strength of the automobile body. To this end, it is effective to thin a thickness of a steel sheet as a raw material for the automobile body and increase strength of the steel sheet. In order to achieve the above object, therefore, high-strength steel sheets are positively applied to members for automobiles.
In general, the effect of reducing the weight of the automobile body can be received as the strength of the steel sheet becomes higher. To this end, high-strength steel sheets having a tensile strength of not less than 440 MPa tend to be used in the automobile body recently. On the other hand, many members constituting the automobile body are formed by press working, so that the steel sheet as a raw material is required to have an excellent formability. Therefore, in order to attain the weight reduction and increase in strength of the automobile body, it is required to develop high-strength steel sheets having a tensile strength of not less than 440 MPa and an excellent deep drawability, concretely a Lankford value (r-value) indicating the deep drawability of not less than 1.2 as an average r-value.
Since a dent resistance is required in an outer panel of the automobile body, it is desirable that the strength after paint baking is high, and therefore it is also required that the bake hardenability (BH property) is excellent. However, the conventional steel sheet having an improved BH property has a tendency that the formability and deep drawability is poor as compared with the usual mild steel sheet because a greater amount of solute C is contained. In order to establish both the weight, reduction and the safeness of the automobile body, therefore, the steel sheet used in the automobile body is required to have further excellent bake hardenability in addition to the high strength and excellent deep drawability.
As a technique for attaining high r-value and high strength, there is a method wherein IF (interstitial free) steel is obtained by adding Ti and Nb to an extra low carbon steel to fix solute C and solute N and then a solid solution strengthening elements such as Si, Mn, P and so on are added thereto. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a high-tension cold rolled steel sheet having a chemical composition of C: 0.002-0.015%, Nb: (C×3)% to (C×8+0.020)%, Si: not more than 1.2%, Mn: 0.04-0.8% and P: 0.03-0.10% and possessing a non-aging property, a tensile strength of 35-45 kgf/mm²grade (340-440 MPa grade) and an excellent formability. In case of such an extra low carbon steel material, however, it is required to add a greater amount of alloying elements for providing the tensile strength of not less than 440 MPa, so that there are problems that the r-value is lowered and the surface property and zinc coatability are deteriorated. Also, since the solute C and solute N are fixed by Ti and Nb, there are problems that secondary work brittleness is actualized and BH property effective for ensuring the dent resistance is not obtained.
As the method for strengthening of the steel sheet other than the above method of adding the solid solution strengthening elements, there is a method of utilizing transformation strengthening. For example, a dual phase steel sheet (DP steel sheet) comprising a soft ferrite phase and a hard martensite phase generally has such characteristics that ductility is good and strength-ductility balance is excellent and yield ratio is low. However, the dual phase steel sheet has an excellent formability, whereas there is a problem that the deep drawability is poor because the r-value is low. This is considered due to the fact that martensite phase not contributing to the r-value in view of crystal orientation is present and the solute C required for the formation of martensite phase obstructs the formation of {111} recrystallization texture effective for increasing the r-value.
As a technique for improving the r-value of such a dual phase steel sheet, for example, Patent Document 2 proposes a technique that a dual phase steel sheet having a r-value of not less than 1.3 and a strength of 40-60 kgf/mm²is obtained by subjecting a steel raw material containing C: 0.05-0.15%, Si: not more than 1.50%, Mn: 0.30-1.50%, P: not more than 0.030%, S: not more than 0.030%, sol. Al: 0.020-0.070% and N: 0.0020-0.0080% to hot rolling and cold rolling under predetermined conditions, conducting box annealing at a temperature ranging from recrystallization temperature to Ac₃transformation point to precipitate AlN and enhance {111} texture, and then conducting temper rolling and further subjecting to continuous annealing at 700-800° C., a quenching and a tempering at 200-500° C.
Also, Patent Document 3 proposes a technique that a steel sheet having a ferrite-martensite dual phase and excellent deep drawability and shape fixability is obtained by subjecting a steel raw material containing C: not more than 0.20%, Si: not more than 1.0%, Mn: 0.8-2.5%, sol. Al: 0.01-0.20%, N: 0.0015-0.0150% and P: not more than 0.10% to hot rolling and cold rolling, subjecting the resulting steel sheet to box annealing at a temperature zone of 650-800° C. to thereby form recrystallization texture suitable for r-value and further segregate C and Mn atoms into austenite phase, and then subjecting to continuous annealing comprised of a step of heating above 600° C. and a cooling step.
Further, Patent Document 4 proposes a technique that a steel sheet. with a microstructure containing 3-100% in total of one or more of bainite, martensite and austenite and having an excellent deep drawability is obtained by subjecting a steel raw material containing, by mass, C: 0.03-0.25%, Si: 0.001-3.0%, Mn: 0.01-3.0%, P: 0.001-0.06%, S: not more than 0.05%, N: 0.001-0.030% and Al: 0.005-0.3% to hot rolling and cold rolling at a rolling reduction of not less than 30% but less than 95%, subjecting the resulting steel sheet to an annealing by heating at an average heating rate of 4-200° C./hr up to a maximum achieving temperature of 600-800° C. to thereby form, cluster or precipitate of Al and N for a desired texture, and further heating to a temperature of from Ac₁transformation point to 1050° C. for ferrite-austenite dual phase zone and then cooling.
In the techniques proposed by Patent Documents 2-4, however, it is required to take an annealing step for enhancing the r-value by developing the texture through the formation of cluster or precipitation of Al and N and a heat-treating step for forming the desired microstructure. Further, the above annealing step is based on the box annealing and takes a long time because the holding time for soaking is not less than 1 hour. That is, the techniques of Patent Documents 2-4 take many step number in addition to the long annealing time, so that they are poor in the productivity. Moreover, the annealing is conducted at a higher temperature over a long time of period at a coiled state, so that there are problems in quality that steel sheets are closely adhered to each other or temper color is caused, and a problem in production equipment that the service life of furnace body or inner cover in the annealing furnace is lowered.
As another technique for improving the r-value of the dual phase steel sheet, for example, Patent Document 5 proposes a method for producing a dual phase steel sheet dispersed a given amount of a second phase (martensite and/or bainite) into ferrite by subjecting a steel raw material containing, by weight, C: 0.003-0.03%, Si: 0.2-1%, Mn: 0.3-1.5%, Al: 0.01-0.07% and Ti: 0.02-0.2% and having an atomic concentration ratio of (effective Ti)/(C+N) of 0.4-0.8 to hot rolling and cold rolling, and then subjecting the resulting steel sheet to continuous annealing comprised of a step of heating at a temperature of from Ac1 transformation point to 900° C. for 30 seconds to 10 minutes and a step of cooling at an average cooling rate of not less than 30° C./s.
According to Patent Document 5, it is described that a dual phase steel sheet having a r-value of 1.61 and a tensile strength of 482 MPa is obtained by subjecting a steel raw material having a chemical composition of C: 0.012%, Si: 0.32%, Mn: 0.53%, P: 0.03%, Al: 0.03% and Ti: 0.051% by weight to hot rolling and cold rolling and then to continuous annealing by annealing at 870° C. of ferrite-austenite dual phase zone for 2 minutes and quenching at an average cooling rate of 100° C./s.
In the technique of Patent Document 5, however, a water-quenching equipment having a strong cooling capacity is required for ensuring the cooling rate of 100° C./s, so that there is a problem that the equipment cost is increased. Also, there is a problem that the steel sheet subjected to water quenching is poor in the shape fixability and surface treating property. Furthermore, the tensile strength of the steel sheet obtained by the technique of Patent Document 5 does not arrive at 500 MPa, so that there is also a problem that it is difficult to produce a high-strength steel sheet having a tensile strength of not less than 500 MPa, particularly not less than 590 MPa.
Patent Document 6 proposes a method of producing a high-tension cold rolled steel sheet of a dual phase type with a microstructure comprising ferrite phase as a main phase and not less than 1% as an area ratio of martensite phase and having an excellent deep drawability by subjecting a steel raw material containing, by mass, C: 0.01-0.08%, Si: not more than 2.0%, Mn: not more than 3.0%, Al: 0.005-0.20%, N: not more than 0.02% and V: 0.01-0.5% and satisfying a predetermined relation of V and C to hot rolling and cold rolling and subsequently to continuous annealing (recrystallization annealing) at a temperature zone of Ac₁-Ac₃transformation point.
This technique is characterized in that the r-value is increased by rationalizing the V and C contents to thereby precipitate C in steel as a V carbide and reduce solute C as far as possible, and at the subsequent recrystallization annealing the steel sheet. is heated to the ferrite-austenite dual phase zone, whereby the V carbide is dissolved to incrassate C in austenite and then martensite is formed at the subsequent cooling step to increase the strength.
In the technique of Patent Document 6, however, the V carbide is dissolved at the ferrite-martensite dual phase zone, so that there is caused a scattering in the dissolving rate of the V carbide, and hence it is necessary to precisely control the annealing temperature and the annealing time at the recrystallization annealing step, which leaves a problem in the quality stability.
Patent Document 7 proposes a method of producing a high-strength steel sheet by subjecting a steel raw material containing, by mass, C: 0.010-0.050%, Si: not more than 1.0%, Mn: 1.0-3.0%, P: 0.005-0.1%, S: not more than 0.01%, Al: 0.005-0.5%, N: not more than 0.01% and Nb: 0.01-0.3% and having Nb and C contents satisfying (Nb/93)/(C/12): 0.2-0.7 to hot rolling and cold rolling and then subjecting to annealing comprised of a step of heating to a ferrite-austenite dual phase temperature zone of 800-950° C. and a step of cooling at an average cooling rate of not less than 5° C./s within a temperature range of from the above annealing temperature to 500° C.
The technique of Patent Document 7 is characterized in that the microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet. is finely divided by the addition of Nb and further the Nb and C contents are controlled to (Nb/93)/(C/12): 0.2-0.7 to precipitate a part of C in steel during the hot rolling as NbC and solute C before the annealing, whereby the generation of {111} recrystallized grains is promoted from grain boundaries in the annealing to thereby increase the r-value, while martensite is produced by solute C not fixed as NbC in the cooling after the annealing to thereby increase the strength. According to the disclosure of Patent Document 7, there can be produced a high-strength steel sheet with a microstructure comprising a ferrite phase with an area ratio of not less than 50% and a martensite phase with an area ratio of not less than 1% and having an average r-value of not less than 1.2.
In the technique of Patent Document 7 positively utilizing Nb, however, there are various problems as mentioned below. Firstly, Nb is a very expensive element, which is disadvantageous in the cost of the raw material. Also, Nb considerably delays the recrystallization of austenite, so that there is a problem that the load becomes high in the hot rolling. Further, NbC precipitated in the hot rolled steel sheet increases the deformation resistance in the cold rolling, so that when the cold rolling is carried out at a high rolling reduction (65%) as disclosed in examples of Patent Document 7, the rolling load becomes higher and hence the risk of causing troubles becomes large. Further the productivity decreases and the available steel sheet width becomes restricted. The technique of this document has many problems in view of stably producing the steel sheets.

PRIOR ART ARTICLES

Patent Document

Patent Document 1: JP-A-556-139654
Patent Document 2: JP-B-555-10650
Patent Document 3: JP-A-555-100934
Patent Document 4: JP-A-2003-64444
Patent Document 5: JP-B-H01-35900
Patent Document 6: JP-A-2002-226941
Patent Document 7: JP-A-2005-120467

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Task to be Solved by the Invention

As previously mentioned, the conventional techniques utilizing solid solution enhancement for increasing the strength of mild steel sheets having an excellent deep drawability are necessary to add a greater amount or excessive amount of alloying elements and have problems in not only r-value and BH property but also raw material cost. Also, the technique for increasing the strength by utilizing microstructure enhancement has problems in production that the prolonged annealing is necessary, and another heat treatment is necessary after the annealing for forming the desired microstructure, and the high-speed cooling equipment is necessary and so on. In the technique utilizing precipitation of VC or NbC, there is still a room for the improvement in the quality stability, productivity, and cost though a high-strength steel sheet having a relatively good workability is obtained.
The present invention is made with the view of the problems inherent to the conventional techniques and is to provide a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet having excellent deep drawability and bake hardenability, which has not only a tensile strength TS of not less than 440 MPa suitable for use in steel sheets for automobiles and the like but also an average r-value of not less than 1.2 and a bake hardening value (BH value) of not less than 40 MPa as well as an advantageous method for manufacturing the same. Moreover, the high-strength cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention includes a tensile strength of not less than 500 MPa, particularly not less than 590 MPa in addition to the tensile strength of not less than 440 MPa.

Means for Solving Task

The inventors have made various studies on the influence of strength-increasing means upon the deep drawability, bake hardenability and industrial productivity of the steel sheet in order to solve the above problems. Consequently, it has been found that when a cold rolled steel sheet is manufactured by using a raw material having a chemical composition of C: 0.010-0.06 mass %, N: not more than 0.01 mass %, Nb: 0.010-0.090 mass %, Ti: 0.015-0.15 mass % and S: not more than 0.01 mass % and having Nb and C contents satisfying (Nb/93)/(C/12) of less than 0.20 and adjusting an amount of solute C (C*) not fixed by Nb and Ti to a given range, there can be manufactured a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet with a microstructure comprising a ferrite phase with an area ratio of not less than 70% and a martensite phase with an area ratio of not less than 3% and having excellent deep drawability and bake hardenability which have an average r-value of not less than 1.20, a BH value of not less than 40 MPa and a tensile strength TS of not less than 440 MPa, and as a result, the present invention has been accomplished.
That is, the present invention is a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet having a chemical composition comprising C: 0.010-0.06 mass %, Si: more than 0.5 mass % but not more than 1.5 mass %, Mn: 1.0-3.0 mass %, P: 0.005-0.1 mass %, S: not more than 0.01 mass %, sol. Al: 0.005-0.5 mass %, N: not more than 0.01 mass %, Nb: 0.010-0.090 mass % and Ti: 0.015-0.15 mass % and the remainder being Fe and inevitable impurities, provided that C, Nb, Ti, N and S satisfy the following equations (1) and (2):
(Nb/93)/(C/12)<0.20 (1)
0.005≦C*≦0.025 (2)
wherein C*=C−(12/93)Nb−(12/48){Ti−(48/14)N−(48/32)S} and each element symbol in the above equations represents a content of each element (mass %), and having a microstructure comprising a ferrite phase with an area ratio of not less than 70% and a martensite phase with an area ratio of not less than 3% and excellent deep drawability and bake hardenability corresponding to a tensile strength of not less than 440 MPa, an average r-value of not less than 1.20 and a BH quantity of not less than 40 MPa.
The high-strength cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention is characterized by containing not more than 0.5 mass % in total of one or more selected from Mo, Cr and V in addition to the above chemical composition.
Also, the high-strength cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention is characterized by containing one or two selected from Cu: not more than 0.3 mass % and Ni: not more than 0.3 mass % in addition to the above chemical composition.
Further, the high-strength cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention is characterized by containing one or two selected from Sn: not more than 0.2 mass % and Sb: not more than 0.2 mass % in addition to the above chemical composition.
Moreover, the high-strength cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention is characterized by containing Ta: 0.005-0.1 mass % in addition to the above chemical composition, provided that C, Nb, Ta, Ti, N and S satisfy the following equation (3) instead of the equation (2):
0.005≦C*≦0.025 (3)
wherein C*=C−(12/93)Nb−(12/181)Ta−(12/48){Ti−(48/14)N−(48/32)S} and each element symbol in the above equations represents a content of each element (mass %).
The present invention proposes a method for manufacturing a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet having excellent deep drawability and bake hardenability by subjecting a steel raw material having a chemical composition comprising C: 0.010-0.06 mass %, Si: more than 0.5 mass % but not more than 1.5 mass %, Mn: 1.0-3.0 mass %, P: 0.005-0.1 mass %, S: not more than 0.01 mass %, sol. Al: 0.005-0.5 mass %, N: not more than 0.01 mass %, Nb: 0.010-0.090 mass % and Ti: 0.015-0.15 mass % and the remainder being Fe and inevitable impurities, provided that C, Nb, Ti, N and S satisfy the following equations (1) and (2):
(Nb/93)/(C/12)<0.20 (1)
0.005≦C*≦0.025 (2)
wherein C*=C−(12/93)Nb−(12/48){Ti−(48/14)N−(48/32)S} and each element symbol in the above equations represents a content of each element (mass %), to hot rolling, cold rolling and annealing, characterized in that the said annealing is carried out by heating to an annealing temperature of 800-900° C. while a temperature region of 700-800° C. is an average heating rate of less than 3° C./s and thereafter cooling at an average cooling rate of not less than 5° C./s from said annealing temperature to a cooling stop temperature Tc of not higher than 500° C.
The steel raw material in the manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized by containing not more than 0.5 mass % in total of one or more selected from Mo, Cr and V in addition to the above chemical composition.
Also, the steel raw material in the manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized by containing one or two selected from Cu: not more than 0.3 mass % and Ni: not more than 0.3 mass % in addition to the above chemical composition.
Further, the steel raw material in the manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized by containing one or two selected from Sn: not more than 0.2 mass % and Sb: not more than 0.2 mass % in addition to the above chemical composition.
Moreover, the steel raw material in the manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized by containing Ta: 0.005-0.1 mass % in addition to the above chemical composition, provided that C, Nb, Ta, Ti, N and S satisfy the following equation (3) instead of the equation (2):
0.005≦C*≦0.025 (3)
wherein C*=C−(12/93)Nb−(12/181)Ta−(12148){Ti−(48114)N−(48/32)S} and each element symbol in the above equations represents a content of each element (mass %).
The manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized in that a rolling reduction of a final pass in a finish rolling of the hot rolling is not less than 10% and a rolling reduction of a pass before the final pass is not less than 15%.
Also, the manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized in that cooling is started within 3 seconds after the finish rolling of the hot rolling and carried out up to a temperature zone of not higher than 720° C. at an average cooling rate of not less than 40° C./s and coiling is conducted at a temperature of 500-700° C. and thereafter the cold rolling is carried out at a rolling reduction of not less than 50%.

Effects of the Invention

According to the present invention, it is possible to manufacture a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet having excellent deep drawability and bake hardenability with a tensile strength TS of not less than 440 MPa, an average r-value of not less than 1.20 and a BH value of not less than 40 MPa by limiting C content to 0.010-0.06 mass % and restricting a relation of (Nb/93)/(C/12) between Nb addition amount and C content to less than 0.20 so as to render the reduction of solute C badly exerting on the deep drawability as attained in the conventional extremely-low carbon IF steel to a certain level and further controlling solute C (C*) amount not fixed by Nb and Ti to a given range.
According to the present invention, it is further possible to cheaply and stably manufacture a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet having excellent deep drawability and bake hardenability with an average r-value of not less than 1.20 and a BH value of not less than 40 MPa by reducing expensive Nb as far as possible and positively utilizing Ti even in high-strength steel sheets having not only a tensile strength of not less than 440 MPa but also not less than 500 MPa, particularly not less than 590 MPa.
Therefore, when the high-strength cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention is applied to automobile parts, it is possible to increase the strength of the part, which has been difficult to conduct press forming, so that the invention largely contributes to improve collision safety of the automobile body and reduce the weight thereof.

EMBODIMENTS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

A basic technical idea of the present invention will be described below.
In general, it is said that in order to increase r-value of the cold rolled steel sheet for deep drawing or develop {111} recrystallization texture, it is effective to reduce solute C before cold rolling and before recrystallization annealing as far as possible and to finely divide texture of the hot rolled steel sheet. Thus, the aforementioned conventional dual phase steel sheet (DP steel sheet) has drawbacks that {111} recrystallization texture is not developed and the r-value is low because a greater amount of solute C is required for the formation of martensite.
However, the inventors have newly found that an adequate range of solute C amount is existent for the development of {111} recrystallization texture and the formation of martensite. That is, according to the present invention, it is newly discovered that C content is controlled to a range of C: 0.010-0.06 mass %, which is lower than that of the DP steel sheet using the conventional low-carbon steel as a raw material and higher than that of the conventional extremely low-carbon steel sheet, and further adequate amounts of Nb and Ti are added together with the above C content to ensure the adequate solute C amount, whereby not only the development of {111} recrystallization texture in the annealing is promoted to increase r-value, but also a proper amount of martensite is formed in the cooling after the annealing to increase the strength and further a high bake hardening value (BH value) can be ensured even after the annealing.
Also, Nb is effective to finely divide the microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet because it has an effect of delaying the recrystallization. Further, Nb has a high carbide forming ability and precipitates as NbC in steel at a coiling stage after hot rolling, so that the solute C amount can be reduced before cold rolling and before recrystallization annealing. However, Nb is an expensive element and is also an element. deteriorating the productivity (e.g. rolling property). In the present invention, therefore, the amount of Nb added is restricted to a minimum amount required for finely dividing the texture of the hot rolled steel sheet, while Ti having a high carbide forming ability similar to Nb is utilized for reducing the solute C. That is, according to the present invention, Nb is added so as to satisfy (Nb/93)/(C/12): less than 0.20 in relation to the C content, and further the solute C amount (C*) not fixed by Nb and Ti is controlled to a range of 0.005-0.025 mass %.
Heretofore, the presence of such solute C is said to obstruct. the development of {111} recrystallization texture. In the present invention, however, the solute C required for the formation of martensite is retained without fixing all C as NbC or TiC, and high r-value is attained. Although the reason of providing such an effect. is not clear at present time, it is considered that when the solute C amount is within the above range, positive effect of precipitating fine NbC and TiC into matrix and storing strain in the vicinity of these precipitates during cold rolling to promote formation of {111} recrystallized grains in addition to the effect of finely dividing the hot rolled steel sheet becomes larger than negative effect. of affecting solute C on the formation of {111} recrystallization texture.
That is, the present invention is a feature that the chemical component. of steel is regulated to an adequate range to control the solute C amount (C*) to a range of 0.005-0.025 mass %, and hence high r-value, high BH and high strength based on dual phase are attained. Also, the present invention is another feature that (Nb/93)/(C/12) is regulated to less than 0.20 and Ti is positively utilized as an alternative, whereby the addition amount of expensive Nb increasing burden of hot rolling or cold rolling is considerably decreased and hence it is possible to industrially and stably manufacture high-strength cold rolled steel sheets having high r-value and high BH property without bringing about the increase of raw material cost and the lowering of the productivity.
In the present invention, it is also found that in addition to the effect of finely dividing the microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet through Nb, when rolling reduction of final pass and rolling reduction of a pass before the final pass in finish rolling during hot rolling are controlled to proper ranges and further cooling conditions after the finish rolling are controlled to proper ranges, fine dividing of grains in the hot rolled steel sheet is significantly promoted and the microstructure after cold rolling and annealing is finely divided, and further the finely divided microstructure after the annealing increases grain boundary area and an amount of C segregated in grain boundary for enhancing bake hardenability and hence it is possible to provide high bake hardening value (BH value).
The present invention is made by conducting, further examinations on the above new discoveries.
The chemical composition of the high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to the present invention will be described below.
C: 0.010-0.06 mass %
C is an important element required for solid-solution strengthening steel and promoting the formation of dual phase comprising ferrite as a primary phase and martensite as a secondary phase and attaining high strength. When the C content is less than 0.010 mass %, it is difficult to ensure the sufficient amount of martensite and the tensile strength of not less than 440 MPa aiming at the present invention is not obtained. While, when the C content exceeds 0.06 mass %, the amount of the resulting martensite increases and the desired average r-value (not less than 1.20) is not obtained. In the present invention, therefore, the C content is a range of 0.010-0.06 mass %. Preferably, it is a range of 0.020-0.045 mass %.
Si: more than 0.5 mass % but not more than 1.5 mass %
Si promotes ferrite transformation, enhances C content in non-transformed austenite and easily forms a dual phase of ferrite and martensite, and is also an element having an excellent solid-solution strengthening property. In the present invention, therefore, more than 0.5 mass % of Si is added in order to ensure tensile strength of not less than 440 MPa. While the amount of Si added exceeds 1.5 mass %, Si-based oxide is formed on the surface of the steel sheet, which deteriorates phosphatability and coating adhesion of a steel sheet product and corrosion resistance after coating. In the present invention, therefore, Si is more than 0.5 mass % but not more than 1.5 mass %. Moreover, the Si content is preferable to be more than 0.8 mass % for tensile strength of not less than 500 MPa. Further, the Si content is preferable to be not less than 1.0 mass % for tensile strength of not less than 590 MPa.
Mn: 1.0-3.0 mass %
Mn is an element improving the hardenability of steel and promoting the formation of martensite, so that it is an element effective for the purpose of increasing the strength. When the Mn content is less than 1.0 mass %, it is difficult to form the desired amount of martensite and there is a fear that the tensile strength of not less than 440 MPa cannot be ensured. While, when the Mn content exceeds 3.0 mass %, the rise of raw material cost is caused and the r-value and weldability are deteriorated. Therefore, the Mn content is a range of 1.0-3.0 mass %. Moreover, Mn is preferable to be added in an amount of not less than 1.2 mass % for tensile strength of not less than 500 MPa or not less than 1.5 mass % for tensile strength of not less than 590 MPa.
P: 0.005-0.1 mass %
P is high in the solid solution strengthening property and is an element effective for increasing the strength of steel. However, when the P content is less than 0.005 mass %, the effect is not sufficient and it is rather required to remove phosphorus at the steel-making step and hence the rise of production cost is caused. While, when the P content exceeds 0.1 mass %, P segregates into grain boundaries and the resistance to secondary working brittleness are deteriorated. Also, when P segregates into grain boundaries, the C amount segregating into grain boundary for contributing to the increase of BH value is lowered, and there is a fear that the desired BH value can not.
be ensured. Therefore, the P content is a range of 0.005-0.1 mass %. Moreover, P is preferably not more than 0.08 mass %, more preferably not more than 0.05 mass % in view of surely ensuing the BH value.
S: not more than 0.01 mass %
S is a harmful element causing hot brittleness and deteriorating workability of steel sheet due to the presence as a sulfide-based inclusion in steel. Therefore, S is reduced as long as possible. In the present invention, an upper limit of S is 0.01 mass %. Preferably, it is not more than 0.008 mass %.
sol. Al: 0.005-0.5 mass %
Al is an element added as a deoxidizer, but effectively acts for increasing the strength because it has a solid solution strengthening. However, when a content of Al as sol. Al is less than 0.005 mass %, the above effect is not obtained. While, when the content of Al as sol. Al exceeds 0.5 mass %, the rise of raw material cost is caused and surface defect of the steel sheet is also caused. Therefore, the content of Al as sol. Al is a range of 0.005-0.5 mass %. Preferably, it is 0.005-0.1 mass %.
N: not more than 0.01 mass %
When N content exceeds 0.01 mass %, excessive amount of nitride is formed in steel, whereby not only the ductility and toughness but also the surface properties of the steel sheet are deteriorated. Therefore, the N content is not more than 0.01 mass %.
Nb: 0.010-0.090 mass %
Nb finely divides the microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet, and has an action of precipitating as NbC into the hot rolled steel sheet and fixing a part of solute C existing in steel, and contributes to increase the r-value by such an action, so that it is a very important element in the present invention. Also, the finely dividing of the microstructure in the hot rolled steel sheet by Nb addition finely divides the microstructure of the steel sheet after the cold rolling and annealing and increases grain boundary area, so that there is an effect of increasing the amount of C segregated into grain boundaries and enhancing BH value. In order to obtain such effects, it is required to add Nb of not less than 0.010 mass %. While, excessive addition exceeding 0.090 mass % brings about the rise of raw material cost, and further increases rolling load in hot rolling or cold rolling and hence the stable production is difficult. In the present invention, as mentioned later, a given amount of solute C is required for forming martensite at a cooling step after the annealing. However, the excessive addition of Nb fixes all amount of C existing in steel as NbC and obstructs the formation of martensite. Therefore, the amount of Nb added is a range of 0.010-0.090 mass %. It is preferably 0.010-0.075 mass %, more preferably 0.010-0.05 mass %.
Ti: 0.015-0.15 mass %
Ti is an important element, in the present invention because it contributes to increase the r-value by fixing C and precipitating into the hot rolled steel sheet as TiC likewise Nb. Also, Ti has an action finely dividing the microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet, which is smaller than that of Nb, so that the amount of C segregated into grain boundaries is increased through the finely dividing of the microstructure of the steel sheet after the annealing and the increase of grain boundary area, and hence there is an effect of enhancing the BH value. In order to obtain such effects, Ti is necessary to be added in an amount of not less than 0.015 mass %. While, excessive addition exceeding 0.15 mass % brings about the rise of raw material cost and further increases the deformation resistance in the cold rolling and hence the stable production is difficult. Also, the excessive Ti addition decreases the solute C and obstructs the formation of martensite in the cooling step after the annealing likewise Nb. Therefore, the amount of Ti added is a range of 0.015-0.15 mass %.
The high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to the present invention is necessary not only to satisfy the above chemical composition but also to contain C, Nb, Ti, N and S so as to satisfy the following equations (1) and (2):
(Nb/93)/(C/12)<0.20 (1)
0.005≦C*≦0.025 (2)
wherein C*=C−(12/93)Nb−(12/48){Ti−(48/14)N−(48/32)S} and each element symbol in the above equations represents a content of each element (mass %). However, in case of Ti−(48/14)N−(48/32)S≦0, Ti−(48/14)N−(48/32)S=0.
Nb is an expensive element as compared with Ti and is a cause of increasing the rolling load in the hot rolling and obstructing the production stability. According to the present invention, martensite is formed in the cooling step after the annealing, so that as mentioned later, it is necessary to keep a given amount of solute C (C*) not fixed by Nb or Ti. In the present invention, therefore, (Nb/93)/(C/12) and C* are necessary to be controlled to proper ranges from a view point of raw material cost, production stability, steel sheet microstructure and properties of steel sheet. Accordingly, the equations (1) and (2) defining the (Nb/93)/(C/12) and C* are most important indications in the present invention.
(Nb/93)/(C/12) is an atomic ratio of Nb to C. When this value is not less than 0.20, the amount of NbC precipitated increases and the load in the hot rolling increases and further the addition amount of expensive Nb becomes larger, which makes disadvantageous in the raw material cost. Therefore, (Nb/93)/(C/12) is less than 0.20.
Also, C* means the amount of solute C not fixed by Nb and Ti. When this value is less than 0.005 mass %, the given amount of martensite cannot be ensured and it is difficult to attain the tensile strength of not less than 440 MPa. While, when C* exceeds 0.025 mass %, the formation of {111} recrystallization texture in ferrite phase effective for increasing the r-value is obstructed and god deep drawability is not obtained and further there is caused a fear that the desired BH value is not obtained associated with the increase of martensite phase. Therefore, C* is a range of 0.005-0.025 mass %. Moreover, C* is preferably not more than 0.020 mass % for BH value of not less than 50 MPa, while C* is not more than 0.015 mass % for BH value of not less than 60 MPa.
In addition to the above basic composition, the high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to the present invention can be added with one or more selected from Mo, Cr and V and/or one or two selected from Cu and Ni depending upon the required properties.
One or more selected from Mo, Cr and V: not more than 0.5 mass % in total
Mo, Cr and V are expensive elements, but same as Mn, they are elements improving the hardenability and also elements effective for stably producing martensite. Such effects develop remarkably when the total amount of the above elements added is not less than 0.1 mass %, so that the addition of not less than 0.1 mass % is preferable. While, when the total amount of Mo, Cr and V added exceeds 0.5 mass %, the above effects are saturated and the rise of raw material cost is caused. Therefore, when these elements are added, the total amount is preferable to be not more than 0.5 mass %.
One or two selected from Cu: not more than 0.3 mass % and Ni: not more than 0.3 mass %.
Cu is a harmful element that causes breakage in the hot rolling and brings about the occurrence of surface flaw. In the cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention, however, the bad influence of Cu upon the properties of the steel sheet is small, so that the content of not more than 0.3 mass % is acceptable. Thus, it is possible to utilize recycling raw material such as scrap or the like, so that it can be attained to reduce the raw material cost.
Ni is small in the influence upon the properties of the steel sheet likewise Cu and has an effect of preventing the occurrence of surface flaw through the addition of Cu. This effect can be developed by adding in an amount corresponding to not less than ½ of the Cu content. However, when the addition amount of Ni becomes excessive, the occurrence of another surface defect resulted from non-uniform formation of scale is promoted, so that the upper limit of Ni addition amount is preferable to be 0.3 mass %.
In addition to the above components, the high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to the present invention can be added with one or two selected from Sn and Sb and/or Ta.
Sn: not more than 0.2 mass %, Sb: not more than 0.2 mass %
Sn and Sb can be added for suppressing the nitriding or oxidation of the steel sheet surface or decarbonization of several 10 μm region from the steel sheet surface produced by oxidation. By suppressing such nitriding, oxidation and decarbonization is controlled the reduction of martensite amount formed on the steel sheet surface and is improved the fatigue properties and surface quality. In order to obtain the above effects, Sn or/and Sb are preferable to be added in an amount of not more than 0.005 mass %, respectively. However, the addition exceeding 0.2 mass % fears the deterioration of toughness, so that if added, it is preferable that the upper limit is 0.2 mass %.
Ta: 0.005-0.1 mass %
Ta has an action of precipitating as TaC in the hot rolled steel sheet and fixing C likewise Nb and Ti, so that it is an element contributing to increase the r-value. In order to obtain such an effect, it is preferable to be added in an amount of not less than 0.005 mass %. However, the addition exceeding 0.1 mass % increases not only the raw material cost, but also obstructs the formation of martensite in the cooling step after the annealing likewise Nb and Ti, or TaC precipitated in the hot rolled steel sheet enhances the deformation resistance in the cold rolling and deteriorates the productivity. Therefore, if added, the Ta amount is preferable to be a range of 0.005-0.1 mass %.
Moreover, when Ta is added, C, Nb, Ta, Ti, N and S are preferable to satisfy the following equation (3) instead of the equation (2):
0.005≦C*≦0.025 (3)
wherein C*=C−(12/93)Nb−(12/181)Ta−(12/48){Ti−(48/14)N−(48/32)S} and each element symbol in the above equations represents a content of each element (mass %).
When C* in the equation (3) is less than 0.005, the given amount of martensite cannot be ensured, and it is difficult to obtain the tensile strength of not less than 440 MPa. While, when C* exceeds 0.025, the formation of {111} recrystallization texture in ferrite phase effective for increasing the r-value is obstructed and the good deep drawability is not obtained and further there is a fear that the desired BH value cannot be ensured associated with the increase of martensite phase. Moreover, C* is preferably not more than 0.020 for the BH value of not less than 50 MPa, while C* is preferably not more than 0.015 for the BH value of not less than 60 MPa.
In the cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention, the remainder other than the above components comprises Fe and inevitable impurities. However, the other components may be included within the range not damaging the effects of the present invention. Since oxygen (O) forms a non-metal inclusion and affects badly the quality of the steel sheet, the content is preferable to be reduced to not more than 0.003 mass %.
The microstructure of the high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to the present invention will be described below.
The high-strength cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention is required to have a microstructure comprising ferrite phase of not less than 70% as an area ratio and martensite phase of not less than 3% as an area ratio with respect to the whole of the microstructure for satisfying the strength of steel sheet, press formability (particularly deep drawability) and bake hardenability together. Moreover, the high-strength cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention may include pearlite, bainite, retained austenite, carbide and so on as a remaining microstructure other than the ferrite phase and martensite phase, but they are acceptable when the total area ratio is not more than 5%.
<Ferrite Phase: Not Less Than 70% as an Area Ratio>
The ferrite phase is a soft phase required for ensuring the press formability of the steel sheet, particularly deep drawability. In the present invention, the increase of r-value is attained by developing the {111} recrystallization texture of the ferrite phase. When the area ratio of the ferrite phase is less than 70%, it is difficult to provide the average r-value of not less than 1.20 and the good deep drawability cannot be obtained. Also, the bake hardenability is interrelated with the amount of solute C in ferrite. When the area ratio of the ferrite phase is less than 70%, it is difficult to attain the BH value of not less than 40 MPa. Therefore, the area ratio of the ferrite phase is not less than 70%. Moreover, the area ratio of the ferrite phase is preferable to be not less than 80% for more enhancing the average r-value and BH value. On the other hand, when the area ratio of the ferrite phase exceeds 97%, the strength of the steel sheet lowers and it is difficult to ensure the tensile strength of not less than 440 MPa. The term “ferrite” used in the present invention includes bainitic ferrite with a high dislocation density transformed from austenite in addition to a polygonal ferrite.
<Martensite Phase: Not Less Than 3% as an Area Ratio>
The martensite phase is a hard phase required for ensuring the strength of the cold rolled steel sheet according to the present invention. When the area ratio of martensite phase is less than 3%, the strength of the steel sheet lowers and it is difficult to ensure the tensile strength of not less than 440 MPa, so that the area ratio of the martensite phase is made to not less than 3%. Moreover, the martensite phase is preferable to be not less than 5% as an area ratio for providing the tensile strength of not less than 500 MPa or not less than 590 MPa. On the other hand, when the area ratio of the martensite phase exceeds 30%, the area ratio of the ferrite phase improving the r-value and BH value lowers and it is difficult to ensure the good deep drawability and bake hardenability. Therefore, the area ratio of the martensite phase is not more than 30%, preferably not more than 20%.
The method for manufacturing the high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to the present invention will be described below.
The high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to the present invention is manufactured by sequentially going through a steel-making step of melting a steel having the above adjusted chemical composition in a converter or the like and shaping into a steel raw material (steel slab) through continuous casting or the like, a hot rolling step of subjecting the steel slab to hot rolling comprising rough rolling and finish rolling to form a hot rolled steel sheet, a cold rolling step of subjecting the hot rolled steel sheet to cold rolling to form a cold rolled steel sheet, and an annealing step of annealing the cold rolled steel sheet to provide predetermined strength, deep drawability and bake hardenability.
(Steel-Making Step)
In the production method of the present invention, the steel melting process is not particularly limited and can adopt such a well-known melting process that molten steel obtained, for example, in a converter, an electric furnace or the like is subjected to secondary refining such as vacuum degassing treatment or the like to provide a given chemical composition. As a method of forming a steel slab from the molten steel is preferable the use of a continuous casting method from viewpoint of problem such as segregation or the like, but the steel slab may be formed by an ingot-forming—blooming method, a thin slab casting method or the like.
(Hot Rolling Step)
<Reheating of Slab>
Subsequently, the thus obtained steel slab is preferable to be reheated and hot rolled. The reheating temperature of the steel slab is preferable to be low from a viewpoint. that {111} recrystallization texture is developed by coarsening precipitates such as TiC and the like for improving the deep drawability. However, when the heating temperature is lower than 1000° C., rolling load in the hot rolling increases and there is a fear of causing the rolling troubles, so that, the heating temperature of the slab is preferable to be not lower than 1000° C. Moreover, the upper limit of the heating temperature is preferable to about 1300° C. from a viewpoint of suppressing the increase of scale loss due to oxidation. In the hot rolling of the steel slab, it is common that the slab is charged into a heating furnace and reheated to a given temperature and then rolled. However, when the slab after the continuous casting is above the given temperature, the slab may be rolled (direct rolling) without reheating as it is, or there may be adopted a method wherein the slab is charged into a heating, furnace at a higher temperature state and a part of the reheating is omitted (warm piece charging).
<Rough Rolling>
The steel slab reheated under the above conditions is subjected to rough rolling to form a sheet bar. In this case, the rough rolling conditions are not particularly defined because it may be conducted according to the usual manner. Moreover, it is needless to say that when the heating temperature of the slab is made low, the temperature of the sheet bar may be increased by utilizing a sheet bar heater in view of ensuring a given hot rolling temperature or preventing troubles of rolling.
<Finish Rolling>
The sheet bar after the rough rolling is then subjected to finish rolling to form a hot rolled steel sheet. In the present invention, it is preferable to control rolling reductions of final pass and a pass before the final pass in the finish rolling to proper ranges. That is, the rolling reduction of the final pass in the finish rolling is preferable to be not less than 10%, whereby many shear bands are introduced into old austenite grains and nucleation sites of ferrite transformation are increased to thereby finely divide the microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet. The fine division of the microstructure in the hot rolled steel sheet increases preferential nucleation sites of {111} recrystallization texture in the annealing after cold rolling, so that it is effective for improving the r-value. Further, it finely divides the steel sheet microstructure after the annealing and increases grain boundary area to thereby increase C amount segregated in the grain boundary, so that it is also effective for enhancing the bake hardenability. On the other hand, when the rolling reduction of the final pass is less than 10%, ferrite grains are coarsened and there is a fear that the effect of increasing the r-value or BH value is not obtained. Therefore, the rolling reduction of the final pass is preferably not less than 10%, more preferably not less than 13%.
Further, in order to more enhance the effect of increasing the r-value or BH value, it is preferable that the rolling reduction of a pass before the final pass is not less than 15% in addition to the aforementioned control of the rolling reduction of the final pass. By controlling the rolling reduction of the pass before the final pass is more enhanced strain accumulation effect, whereby many shear bands are introduced into old austenite grains and hence nucleation sites of ferrite transformation are further increased and the microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet is finely divided to further improve the r-value and BH value. When the rolling reduction of the pass before the final pass is less than 15%, the effect of finely dividing the microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet is insufficient and the effect of increasing the r-value or BH value is not obtained sufficiently. Therefore, the rolling reduction of the pass before the final pass is preferably not less than 15%, more preferably not less than 18%.
Moreover, the upper limit of the rolling reduction in the final pass and the pass before the final pass is preferable to be less than 40% in view of the rolling load.
Also, the rolling temperatures of the final pass and the pass before the final pass are not particularly limited. The rolling temperature of the final pass is preferably not lower than 800° C., more preferably not lower than 830° C. The rolling temperature of the pass before the final pass is preferably not higher than 980° C., more preferably not higher than 950° C.
When the rolling temperature of the final pass is lower than 800° C., the transformation from non-recrystallized austenite to ferrite becomes larger and the microstructure of the steel sheet after the cold rolling and annealing is influenced by the microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet and forms a non-uniform microstructure elongated in a rolling direction and the workability is deteriorated.
Also, when the rolling temperature of the pass before the final pass is higher than 980° C., the strain accumulation effect becomes insufficient due to recovering and it is difficult to finely divide the microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet, and the effect of increasing the r-value or BH value may not be obtained.
<Cooling Condition and Coiling Temperature after Hot Rolling>
It is preferable that the hot rolled steel sheet after the hot rolling is started to cooling within 3 seconds after the finish rolling and cooled at an average cooling rate of not less than 40° C./s to a temperature region of not higher than 720° and then coiled at a temperature of 500-700° C. in view of the improvement of r-value or BH value by fine division of crystal grains.
When the time of starting the cooling exceeds 3 seconds, or when the average cooling rate is less than 40° C./s, or when the cooling stop temperature is higher than 720° C., the microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet becomes coarse, and the effect of increasing the r-value or BH value may not be obtained.
Also, when the coiling temperature exceeds 700° C., the microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet is coarsened, and there is a fear of lowering the strength and the increase of the r-value or BH value may be obstructed after the cold rolling and annealing. On the other hand, when the coiling temperature is lower than 500° C., the precipitation of NbC or TiC is difficult and the solute C is increased, which is disadvantageous in the increase of the r-value.
(Cold Rolling Step)
The hot rolled steel sheet is then pickled and cold-rolled according to the usual manner to form a cold rolled steel sheet. In this case, the rolling reduction in the cold rolling is preferable to be a range of 50-90%. In order to increase the r-value, the rolling reduction in the cold rolling is more preferable to be set to a higher level. When the rolling reduction is less than 50%, the {111} recrystallization texture of the ferrite phase is not developed sufficiently and the excellent. deep drawability may not be obtained. While, when the rolling reduction exceeds 90%, the load in the cold rolling is increased and there is a fear of causing troubles in the passing of the sheet.
(Annealing Step)
The cold rolled steel sheet is then annealed to provide desirable strength, deep drawability and bake hardenability. In the annealing, therefore, as mentioned later, it is necessary that the steel sheet is heated to an annealing temperature of 800-900° C. at an average heating rate of less than 3° C./s within a temperature range of 700-800° C., soaked and then cooled from the annealing temperature (soaking temperature) to a cooling stop temperature Tc of not higher than 500° C. at an average cooling rate of not less than 5° C./s. As the annealing method satisfying the above conditions is preferably adapted continuous annealing.
<Average Heating Rate>
In the present invention, since TiC or NbC, is precipitated into steel at the hot rolling stage, the recrystallization temperature of the steel sheet after the cold rolling becomes relatively high. In the heating of the cold rolled steel sheet, therefore, it is necessary to conduct heating within a temperature range of 700-800° C. at a low average heating rate of less than 3° C./s for developing the {111} recrystallization texture effective for increasing the r-value by promoting the recrystallization. When the average heating rate is not less than 3° C./s, the development of {111} recrystallization texture is insufficient and the increase of the r-value may be difficult. Moreover, the average heating rate is preferable to be not less than 0.5° C./s in view of the enhancement of productivity.
<Annealing Temperature>
In order to render the microstructure of the steel sheet of the present invention after the annealing into a dual phase comprising ferrite phase and martensite phase with desired area ratios, the annealing temperature (soaking temperature) is necessary to be a two-phase zone temperature of ferrite phase and austenite phase. In the present invention, therefore, the annealing temperature is a temperature range of 800-900° C. When the annealing temperature is lower than 800° C., the desired martensite quantity is not obtained after the cooling followed by the annealing, and also the recrystallization is not sufficiently completed during the annealing and hence there is a fear that the {111} recrystallization texture of the ferrite phase is not developed and the average r-value of not less than 1.20 cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when the annealing temperature exceeds 900° C., the amount of solute C in ferrite decreases, and there is a fear that BH value of not less than 40 MPa cannot be ensured. Also, when the annealing temperature exceeds 900° C., secondary phase (martensite phase, bainite phase, pearlite phase) is excessively increased depending on the subsequent cooling conditions, and hence the ferrite phase having the desired area ratio is not obtained and the good r-value may not be obtained. Furthermore, there is a problem of bringing about the decrease of productivity and the increase of energy cost. Therefore, the annealing temperature is a range of 800-900° C., preferably a range of 820-880° C.
Moreover, the time for keeping the soaking in the annealing is preferable to be not less than 15 seconds (s) in view that enrichment of an element such as C or the like in austenite proceeds sufficiently and that the development of {111} recrystallization texture of the ferrite phase is promoted sufficiently. On the other hand, when the time for keeping the soaking exceeds 300 seconds (s), the grains are coarsened and the high BH value is not obtained and there is a fear of causing had influence on the properties of the steel sheet such as lowering of strength, deterioration of surface properties of steel sheet and the like. Therefore, the time for keeping the soaking is preferably a range of 15-300 seconds (s), more preferably a range of 15-200 seconds (s).
<Cooling Rate>
The steel sheet after the completion of recrystallization in the annealing is necessary to be cooled from the annealing temperature (soaking temperature) to a cooling stop temperature Tc of not higher than 500° C. at an average cooling rate of not less than 5° C./s. When the average cooling rate is less than 5° C./s, it is difficult to ensure martensite phase of not less than 3% as an area ratio with respect. to the whole microstructure of the steel sheet and the desired strength (tensile strength of not less than 440 MPa) may not be obtained. Also, when the cooling stop temperature exceeds 500° C., the martensite phase of not less than 3% as an area ratio may not still obtained. Moreover, the average cooling rate is preferably not less than 8° C./s, more preferably not less than 10° C./s, and the cooling stop temperature Tc is preferably a range of 400-450° C. If the average cooling rate exceeds 100° C./s, special equipment for water cooling or the like is required, which brings about the increase of production cost and the deterioration of steel sheet form, so that the upper limit of the average cooling rate is preferable to be about 100° C./s.
In the present invention, the cooling conditions other than the cooling stop temperature Tc are not particularly limited. However, in order to properly proceed the tempering of martensite phase to recover the ductility and toughness, it is preferable to conduct cooling in a temperature region of from the cooling stop temperature Tc to 200° C. at an average cooling rate of 0.2-10° C./s. When the average cooling rate in the above temperature region is less than 2° C./s, the tempering of the martensite phase proceeds excessively and the desired strength may not be obtained. While, when the average cooling rate in the above temperature region exceeds 10° C./s, the tempering of the martensite phase does not proceed sufficiently and the effect of recovering the ductility and toughness cannot be expected. More preferably, the average cooling rate is a range of 0.5-6° C./s.
The cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention manufactured as mentioned above may be subsequently subjected to temper rolling, leveler work or the like for the purpose of correcting the form, adjusting surface roughness, and so on. In case of the temper rolling rate is preferable to be about 0.3-1.5%.

EXAMPLE 1

Each of steels A-V having a chemical composition shown in Table 1 is melted by a well-known refining process including converter, vacuum degassing treatment and the like and then continuously cast to form a steel slab of 260 mm in thickness. Each of these steel slabs is heated to 1220° C. and hot rolled to obtain a hot rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 3.8 mm. Moreover, the rolling temperature and rolling reduction of each of final pass and pass before final pass in finish rolling during the hot rolling, average cooling rate from cooling start to 720° C. after the completion of the finish rolling and coiling temperature are shown in Table 2, and the time after the completion of the finish rolling to the start of cooling is within 3 seconds.

TABLE 1

			C* of	C* of
Steel	Chemical composition (mass %)	(Nb/93)/	equation	Equation

symbol	C	Si	Mn	P	S	sol. Al	N	Nb	Ti	Ta	others	(C/12)	(2)	(3)	Remarks

A	0.007	0.4	1.6	0.045	0.002	0.035	0.0020	0.010	0.01.5	—	—	0.18	0.004	—	Comparative
															steel
B	0.016	0.7	0.7	0.051	0.004	0.029	0.0025	0.019	0.019	—	—	0.15	0.012	—	Comparative
															steel
C	0.014	0.7	1.1	0.034	0.005	0.033	0.0032	0.015	0.016	—	Mo: 0.11,	0.14	0.012	—	Invention steel
											Cr: 0.10,
											V: 0.22
D	0.017	0.9	1.4	0.042	0.004	0.031	0.0026	0.018	0.018	—	—	0.14	0.014	—	Invention steel
E	0.017	0.9	1.3	0.069	0.002	0.025	0.0030	0.020	0.015	—	Cu: 0.20,	0.15	0.014	—	Invention steel
											Ni: 0.10
F	0.023	1.2	1.8	0.055	0.002	0.026	0.0033	0.032	0.029	—	—	0.18	0.015	—	Invention steel
G	0.028	1.1	2.1	0.025	0.002	0.049	0.0026	0.031	0.047	—	—	0.14	0.015	—	Invention steel
H	0.027	1.1	2.0	0.028	0.003	0.055	0.0022	0.028	0.031	—	—	0.13	0.019	—	Invention steel
I	0.028	1.0	2.1	0.034	0.002	0.034	0.0028	0.021	0.022	—	—	0.10	0.023	—	Invention steel
J	0.038	1.3	2.3	0.038	0.003	0.031	0.0025	0.038	0.044	—	—	0.13	0.025	—	Invention steel
K	0.041	1.1	2.1	0.044	0.002	0.028	0.0033	0.026	0.079	—	—	0.08	0.021	—	Invention steel
L	0.046	1.0	1.9	0.041	0.003	0.041	0.0029	0.047	0.098	—	—	0.13	0.019	—	Invention steel
M	0.055	1.4	2.0	0.034	0.003	0.023	0.0021	0.055	0.122	—	—	0.13	0.020	—	Invention steel
N	0.048	1.5	2.0	0.024	0.008	0.033	0.0045	0.122	0.011	—	—	0.33	0.032	—	Comparative
															steel
O	0.066	1.7	2.1	0.011	0.005	0.021	0.0023	0.054	0.134	—	—	0.11	0.029	—	Comparative
															steel
P	0.017	0.7	1.3	0.032	0.002	0.033	0.0026	0.020	0.015	0.04	Sn: 0.02	0.15	—	0.011	Invention steel
Q	0.021	0.8	1.8	0.042	0.005	0.039	0.0031	0.018	0.055	—	—	0.11	0.009	—	Invention steel
R	0.023	0.9	2.0	0.050	0.005	0.043	0.0028	0.021	0.045	0.05	Sn: 0.02,	0.12	—	0.010	Invention steel
											Sb: 0.03
S	0.035	1.1	2.2	0.048	0.005	0.036	0.0025	0.025	0.082	—	—	0.09	0.015	—	Invention steel
T	0.030	1.0	2.1	0.033	0.003	0.033	0.0019	0.022	0.071	0.03	Sn: 0.03	0.09	—	0.010	Invention steel
U	0.049	0.9	2.0	0.052	0.005	0.042	0.0035	0.015	0.115	0.02	Sn: 0.03	0.04	—	0.022	Invention steel
V	0.058	1.1	2.2	0.043	0.003	0.033	0.0029	0.081	0.108	0.09	Sn: 0.08,	0.18	—	0.018	Invention steel
											Sb: 0.03

Note:
C* of equation (2) = C − (12/93)Nb − (12/48){Ti − (48/14)N − (48/32)S}
C* of equation (3) = C − (12/93)Nb − (12/181)Ta − (12/48){Ti − (48/14)N − (48/32)S}
Moreover, if {Ti − (48/14)N − (48/32)S} in the equations (2) and (3) ≦ 0, it is calculated as 0.

TABLE 2

	Hot finish rolling

		Cooling
		rate
Pass before final pass	Final pass	after

		Rolling	Rolling	Rolling	Rolling	finish	Coiling
	Steel	Temperature	Reduction	Temperature	Reduction	rolling	Temperature	Cold Rolling
Steel sheet No.	symbol	(° C.)	(%)	(° C.)	(%)	(° C./s)*	(° C.)	Reduction (%)

1	A	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
2	B	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
3	C	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
4	D	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
5	E	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
6	F	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
7	G	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
8	H	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
9	I	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
10	J	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
11	K	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
12	L	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
13	M	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
14	N	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
15	O	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
16	P	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
17	Q	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
18	R	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
19	S	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
20	T	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
21	U	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
22	V	960	18	880	13	20	620	68

Annealing conditions

					Average
					Cooling	Average
	Average				Rate	Cooling
	heating			Cooling	From	Rate	Stretching
	rate		Soaking	stop	Soaking	From	ratio (%)
Steel	at	Soaking	Keep	temperature	Temperature	Tc to	in
sheet	700-800° C.	Temperature	time	Tc	to Tc	200° C.	skin pass
No.	(° C./s)	(° C.)	(s)	(° C.)	(° C./s)	(° C./s)	rolling	Remarks

1	2	840	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Comparative Example
2	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Comparative Example
3	2	840	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
4	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
5	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
6	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
7	2	840	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
8	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
9	2	840	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
10	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
11	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
12	2	860	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
13	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
14	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Comparative Example
15	2	860	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Comparative Example
16	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
17	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
18	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
19	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
20	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
21	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
22	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example

Note)
*average cooling rate from cooling start to 720° C. after the completion of finish rolling

Then, the hot rolled steel sheet is pickled and cold rolled under conditions shown in Table 2 to form a cold rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 1.2 mm, which is continuously annealed under conditions shown in Table 2 and subjected to temper rolling at 0.5% to obtain a cold rolled steel sheet (product).
A sample is taken from each of the thus obtained cold rolled steel sheets and subjected to microstructure observation and tensile test by the following methods, whereby the steel sheet microstructure is identified and the area ratios of ferrite phase and martensite phase, tensile strength, elongation, average r-value and bake hardening value (BH value) are measured.
<Microstructure Observation>
A test piece for the microstructure observation is taken from the above sample and L-section (vertical section parallel to the rolling direction) is mechanically polished and corroded with nital and shot with a scanning type electron microscope (SEM) at a magnification of 2000 times to obtain a microstructure photograph (SEM photograph), from which the steel sheet microstructure is identified and area ratios of ferrite phase and martensite phase are measured. Moreover, the identification of the steel sheet microstructure from the above photograph indicates that ferrite is a slight black contrast region, pearlite is a region forming a carbide in lamellar form, bainite is a region forming a carbide in dot sequence, and martensite and retained austenite (retained γ) are particles with white contrast. Further, the test piece is subjected to tempering treatment of 250° C.×4 hr and shot in the same manner as mentioned above to obtain a microstructure photograph, from which area ratios are again determined when a region forming a carbide in lamellar form is a pearlite region before heat treatment and a region forming a carbide in dot sequence is a bainite or martensite region before heat treatment, and fine particles remaining with white contrast are measured as retained γ, and the area ratio of martensite phase is determined by subtracting from area ratio of particles with white contrast before tempering treatment (martensite and retained austenite). Moreover, the area ratio of each phase is colored separately every each phase on a transparent OHP sheet and incorporated into an image and binarized to measure an area ratio by an image analyzing software (Digital Image-Pro Plus ver. 4.0 made by Microsoft).
<Tensile Test, Measurement of Bake Hardening Value (BH Value)>
A JIS No. 5 tensile specimen (JIS Z2201), wherein tension direction is 90° direction (C-direction) with respect to the rolling direction, is taken from the above sample and subjected to a tensile test according to a definition of JIS 22241 to measure tensile strength TS and total elongation E1.
Also, the bake hardening value (BH value) is obtained by applying a tensile pre-strain of 2%, subjecting to a heat treatment corresponding to coat baking conditions of 170° C.×20 minutes, again conducting the tensile test and measuring a value of subtracting nominal stress in the application of the pre-strain from an upper yield point. after the heat treatment as BH value.
<Measurement of Average r-value>
JIS No. 5 tensile specimens, wherein tensile directions are 0° direction (L-direction), 45° direction (D-direction) and 90° direction (C-direction) with respect to the rolling direction, are taken from the above sample, and then true strain in widthwise direction and true strain in thickness direction of each specimen are measured when uniaxial tensile strain of 10% is applied to each of these specimens, and an average r-value is calculated from these measured values according to the definition of JIS Z2254.
The above measured results are shown in Table 3.
Steel sheets of Nos. 3-13 and 16-22 are Invention Examples wherein the chemical composition and production conditions are acceptable in the present invention, and have a tensile strength TS of not less than 440 MPa, an average r-value of not less than 1.20 and a BH value of not less than 40 MPa, so that they are cold rolled steel sheets satisfying the strength, deep drawability and bake hardening value. Among them, the steel sheets of Nos. 8, 12, 13 and 22 having a solute C amount (C*) of not more than 0.020 mass % have BH value of not less than 50 MPa, and further the steel sheets of Nos. 3-7 and 16-20 having C* of not more than 0.015% have BH value of not less than 60 MPa, so that they have a very high bake hardening value.
On the contrary, since C and Si contents and C* in the steel sheet of Comparative Example No. 1 are outside of the ranges of the present invention, and Mn content in the steel sheet of Comparative Example No. 2 is outside of the range of the present invention, the desired martensite quantity is not obtained, and the tensile strength falls below 440 MPa. In the steel sheets of Comparative Example Nos. 14 and 15, since C* exceeds the range of the present invention, the area ratio of ferrite phase effective for increasing the r-value and BH value is low, and the average r-value falls below 1.20, and the BH value falls below 40 MPa.

TABLE 3

	Microstructure of steel sheet	Mechanical properties

Steel		Ferrite	Martensite					BH
sheet	Steel	area ratio	area ratio		TS	El	Average	value
No.	symbol	(%)	(%)	others	(MPa)	(%)	r-value	(MPa)	Remarks

1	A	97	1	P, B	409	44.0	1.90	68	Comparative Example
2	B	97	2	P	424	42.5	1.68	61	Comparative Example
3	C	94	4	P, B	470	38.3	1.70	66	Invention Example
4	D	91	6	P, B	506	35.5	1.65	65	Invention Example
5	E	90	8	P, B	543	33.1	1.62	60	Invention Example
6	F	90	9	P, B	562	32.1	1.58	60	Invention Example
7	G	88	11	P, B	598	30.1	1.58	65	Invention Example
8	H	85	13	P, B	635	28.3	1.47	57	Invention Example
9	I	80	18	P, B	727	24.8	1.31	46	Invention Example
10	J	78	20	P, B	737	24.4	1.24	42	Invention Example
11	K	81	16	P, B	690	26.1	1.36	49	Invention Example
12	L	84	14	P. B	654	27.5	1.46	52	Invention Example
13	M	82	15	P, B	672	26.8	1.41	51	Invention Example
14	N	62	34	B, γ	770	23.4	0.91	31	Comparative Example
15	O	64	31	B, γ	763	23.6	0.98	35	Comparative Example
16	P	90	6	P, B	506	35.5	1.69	63	Invention Example
17	Q	92	5	P, B	488	36.9	1.75	66	Invention Example
18	R	93	5	P, B	490	36.7	1.73	65	invention Example
19	S	86	11	P, B	598	30.1	1.55	61	Invention Example
20	T	92	5	P, B	482	37.3	1.72	65	Invention Example
21	U	80	18	B, γ	727	24.8	1.32	47	Invention Example
22	V	84	14	B, γ	654	27.5	1.45	53	Invention Example

*P: pearlite, B: bainite, γ: retained austenite

EXAMPLE 2

The steel slab having a chemical composition for steels D, G and L shown in Table 1 is heated to 1220° C. and then hot rolled to form a hot rolled steel sheet of 3.8 mm in thickness. Moreover, the finish rolling conditions, cooling conditions and coiling temperature in the hot rolling are shown in Table 4. Also, the time of from the completion of the finish rolling to the cooling start is within 3 seconds. Then, the hot rolled steel sheet is pickled and cold rolled under conditions shown in Table 4 to form a cold rolled steel sheet of 1.2 mm in thickness, which is continuously annealed under conditions shown in Table 4 and subjected to temper rolling at 0.5% to obtain a cold rolled steel sheet product.
A test piece is taken from the thus obtained cold rolled steel sheet in the same manner as in Example 1 and subjected to microstructure observation and tensile test, and also area ratios of ferrite, martensite and the like, tensile strength, elongation, average r-value and bake hardening value are measured.

TABLE 4

	Hot finish rolling

		Cooling
		rate
Pass before final pass	Final pass	After

		Rolling	Rolling	Rolling	Rolling	Finish	Coiling
	Steel	temperature	reduction	temperature	reduction	rolling	temperature	Cold rolling
Steel Sheet No.	symbol	(° C.)	(%)	(° C.)	(%)	(° C./s)*	(° C.)	reduction (%)

23	D	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
24		960	15	880	10	20	600	68
25		960	20	880	15	40	600	68
26		920	20	850	15	80	620	68
27	G	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
28		920	20	840	15	20	600	68
29		960	18	870	13	80	580	68
30		960	12	880	7	20	600	68
31		960	18	880	13	20	480	68
32		960	18	880	13	20	710	68
33		960	18	880	13	20	620	68
34		960	18	880	13	20	620	68
35		950	15	870	10	40	550	68
36		950	15	870	10	40	550	68
37		930	15	850	10	20	650	68
38	L	960	18	880	13	20	620	68
39		930	15	850	10	20	600	68
40		960	15	880	10	20	600	68

Annealing conditions

					Average
					cooling	Average
					rate	Cooling	Stretching
	Average			Cooling	From	rate	ratio in
	Heating		Soaking	stop	Soaking	from Tc	skin
Steel	Rate at	Soaking	Keep	temperature	temperature	to	pass
Sheet	700-800° C.	temperature	time	Tc	to Tc	200° C.	rolling
No.	(° C./s)	(° C.)	(s)	(° C.)	(° C./s)	(° C./s)	(%)	Remarks

23	2	850	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
24	2	850	100	400	15	1.5	0.5	Invention Example
25	1	860	100	450	10	1.0	0.5	Invention Example
26	2	860	100	450	10	2.0	0.5	Invention Example
27	2	840	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
28	1	850	80	450	10	1.0	0.5	Invention Example
29	1	840	80	450	15	1.5	0.5	Invention Example
30	2	850	100	450	10	2.0	0.5	Comparative Example
31	2	840	100	450	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
32	2	850	100	450	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
33	2	780	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Comparative Example
34	2	910	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Comparative Example
35	1	860	10	450	10	1.0	0.5	Invention Example
36	1	860	350	450	10	1.0	0.5	Invention Example
37	2	830	100	500	3	0.5	0.5	Comparative Example
38	2	860	100	400	15	0.8	0.5	Invention Example
39	1	850	50	450	10	3.0	0.5	Invention Example
40	5	850	50	400	10	3.0	0.5	Comparative Example

Note)
*average cooling rate from cooling start to 720° C. after the completion of finish rolling

The measured results are shown in Table 1. As seen from this table, the steel sheets of Invention Example Nos. 23-29, 31, 32, 35, 36, 38 and 39 satisfying the production conditions of the present invention are steel sheets having a tensile strength TS of not less than 440 MPa, an average r-value of not less than 1.20 and a BH value of not less than 40 MPa and satisfying the strength, deep drawability and bake hardenability. Among them, the steel sheets of Nos. 25, 26 and 29, wherein the average cooling rate after the completion of the finish rolling is not less than 40° C./s for the purpose of finely dividing the microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet to increase the r-value and BH value, provide the average r-value and BH value higher than those of the other steel sheets wherein the average cooling rate after the finish rolling is less than 40° C./s.
In the steel sheet of Comparative Example No. 30, since the rolling reduction of the final pass and the rolling reduction of the pass before the final pass in the finish rolling fall below the range of the present invention, the effect of increasing the r-value and BH value by finely dividing the microstructure of the hot rolled steel sheet is not obtained, and the average r-value is less than 1.20 and the BH value is less than 40 MPa.
In the steel sheet of Comparative Example No. 33, since the annealing temperature falls below the range of the present invention, the desired martensite quantity is not obtained and the tensile strength falls below 440 MPa. Further, since the recrystallization is not completed, the development of {111} recrystallization texture effective for increasing the r-value is insufficient, and the average r-value is less than 1.20.
In the steel sheet of Comparative Example No. 34, since the annealing temperature exceeds over the range of the present invention and the annealing is conducted at a single region of austenite phase, ferrite phase effective for increasing the r-value and BH value is not produced in the subsequent cooling step, and the average r-value is less than 1.20 and the BH value is less than 40 MPa.
In the steel sheet of Comparative Example No. 37, since the average cooling rate from the annealing temperature to the cooling stop temperature Tc falls below the range of the present invention, the desired martensite quantity is not obtained, and the tensile strength falls below 440 MPa. In the steel sheet of Comparative Example No. 40, since the average heating rate at 700-800° C. during the heating in annealing exceeds over the range of the present invention, the development of {111} recrystallization texture of ferrite phase is insufficient, and the average r-value is still less than 1.20.

TABLE 5

	Microstructure of steel sheet	Mechanical properties

23	D	91	6	P, B	506	35.5	1.65	65	Invention Example
24		90	6	P, B	500	36.0	1.57	59	Invention Example
25		91	7	P, B	511	35.2	1.70	71	Invention Example
26		90	7	P, B	515	35.0	1.75	75	Invention Example
27	G	88	11	P, B	598	30.1	1.58	65	Invention Example
28		88	10	P, B	605	29.8	1.62	72	Invention Example
29		89	10	P, B	601	30.0	1.60	72	Invention Example
30		90	9	P, B	588	30.6	1.16	38	Comparative Example
31		88	11	P, B	610	29.5	1.28	72	Invention Example
32		88	9	P, B	582	30.9	1.35	52	Invention Example
33		99	1	—	428	42.1	1.14	82	Comparative Example
34		0	18	P, B	667	27.0	0.92	39	Comparative Example
35		88	10	P, B	609	29.6	1.50	70	Invention Example
36		88	11	P, B	582	30.9	1.63	55	Invention Example
37		86	1	P, B	438	41.1	1.71	66	Comparative Example
38	L	84	14	P, B	654	27.5	1.46	52	Invention Example
39		85	13	P, B	648	27.8	1.40	48	Invention Example
40		83	15	P, B	660	27.3	1.12	55	Comparative Example

*P: pearlite, B: bainite, γ: ( retained) austenite

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The high-strength cold rolled steel sheet of the present invention is not limited to application for automobile members and can be preferably used in other applications requiring high strength, deep drawability and bake hardenability. Therefore, it is suitable as a material for household electrical goods, steel pipes and so on.

Claims

1. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet having excellent deep drawability and bake hardenability, which has a chemical composition comprising C: 0.010-0.06 mass %, Si: more than 0.5 mass % but not more than 1.5 mass %, Mn: 1.0-3.0 mass %, P: 0.005-0.1 mass %, S: not more than 0.01 mass %, sol. Al: 0.005-0.5 mass %, N: not more than 0.01 mass %, Nb: 0.010-0.090 mass % and Ti: 0.015-0.15 mass % and the remainder being Fe and inevitable impurities, provided that Nb, Ti, N and S satisfy the following equations (1) and (2):

(Nb/93)/(C/12)<0.20 (1)

0.005≦C*≦0.025 (2)

wherein C*=C−(12/93)Nb−(12/48){Ti−(48/14)N−(48/32)S} and each element symbol in the above equations represents a content of each element (mass %), and has a microstructure comprising a ferrite phase with an area ratio of not less than 70% and a martensite phase with an area ratio of not less than 3% and a tensile strength of not less than 440 MPa, an average r-value of not less than 1.20 and a BH quantity of not less than 40 MPa.

2. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 1, which further contains not more than 0.5 mass % in total of one or more selected from Mo, Cr and V in addition to the chemical composition.

3. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 1, which further contains one or two selected from Cu: not more than 0.3 mass % and Ni: not more than 0.3 mass % in addition to the chemical composition.

4. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 1, which further contains one or two selected from Sn: not more than 0.2 mass % and Sb: not more than 0.2 mass % in addition to the chemical composition.

5. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 1, which further contains Ta: 0.005-0.1 mass % in addition to the chemical composition, provided that C, Nb, Ta, Ti, N and S satisfy the following equation (3) instead of the equation (2):

0.005≦C*≦0.025 (3)

wherein C*=C−(12/93)Nb−(12/181)Ta−(12/48){Ti−(48/14)N−(48/32)S} and each element symbol in the above equations represents a content of each element (mass %).

6. A method for manufacturing a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet having excellent deep drawability and bake hardenability by subjecting a steel raw material having a chemical composition comprising C: 0.010-0.06 mass %, Si: more than 0.5 mass % but not more than 1.5 mass %, Mn: 1.0-3.0 mass %, P: 0.005-0.1 mass %, S: not more than 0.01 mass %, sol. Al: 0.005-0.5 mass %, N: not more than 0.01 mass %, Nb: 0.010-0.090 mass % and Ti: 0.015-0.15 mass % and the remainder being Fe and inevitable impurities, provided that Nb, Ti, N and S satisfy the following equations (1) and (2):

(Nb/93)/(C/12)<0.20 (1)

0.005≦C*≦0.025 (2)

wherein C*=C−(12/93)Nb−(12/48){Ti−(48/14)N−(48/32)S} and each element symbol in the above equations represents a content of each element (mass %), to hot rolling, cold rolling and annealing, characterized in that the said annealing is carried out by heating to an annealing temperature of 800-900° C. while a temperature region of 700-800° C. is an average heating rate of less than 3° C./s and thereafter cooling at an average cooling rate of not less than 5° C./s from said annealing temperature to a cooling stop temperature Tc of not higher than 500° C.

7. The method for manufacturing a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 6, wherein the steel raw material further contains not more than 0.5 mass % in total of one or more selected from Mo, Cr and V in addition to the chemical composition.

8. The method for manufacturing a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 6, wherein the steel raw material further contains one or two selected from Cu: not more than 0.3 mass % and Ni: not more than 0.3 mass % in addition to the chemical composition.

9. The method for manufacturing a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 6, wherein the steel raw material further contains one or two selected from Sn: not more than 0.2 mass % and Sb: not more than 0.2 mass % in addition to the above chemical composition.

10. The method for manufacturing a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 6, wherein the steel raw material further contains Ta: 0.005-0.1 mass % in addition to the above chemical composition, provided that C, Nb, Ta, Ti, N and S satisfy the following equation (3) instead of the equation (2):

0.005≦C*≦0.025 (3)

11. The method for manufacturing a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 6, wherein a rolling reduction of a final pass in a finish rolling of the hot rolling is not less than 10% and a rolling reduction of a pass before the final pass is not less than 15%.

12. The method for manufacturing a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 6, wherein the cooling is started within 3 seconds after the finish rolling of the hot rolling and carried out up to a temperature zone of not higher than 720° C. at an average cooling rate of not less than 40° C./s and coiling is conducted at a temperature of 500-700° C. and thereafter the cold rolling is carried out at a rolling reduction of not less than 50%.

13. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 2, which further contains one or two selected from Cu: not more than 0.3 mass % and Ni: not more than 0.3 mass % in addition to the chemical composition.

14. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 2, which further contains one or two selected from Sn: not more than 0.2 mass % and Sb: not more than 0.2 mass % in addition to the chemical composition.

15. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 3, which further contains one or two selected from Sn: not more than 0.2 mass % and Sb: not more than 0.2 mass % in addition to the chemical composition.

16. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 2, which further contains Ta: 0.005-0.1 mass % in addition to the chemical composition, provided that C, Nb, Ta, Ti, N and S satisfy the following equation (3) instead of the equation (2):

0.005≦C*≦0.025 (3)

17. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 3, which further contains Ta: 0.005-0.1 mass % in addition to the chemical composition, provided that C, Nb, Ta, Ti, N and S satisfy the following equation (3) instead of the equation (2):

0.005≦C*≦0.025 (3)

18. A high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 4, which further contains Ta: 0.005-0.1 mass % in addition to the chemical composition, provided that C, Nb, Ta, Ti, N and S satisfy the following equation (3) instead of the equation (2):

0.005≦C*≦0.025 (3)

19. The method for manufacturing a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 7, wherein the steel raw material further contains one or two selected from Cu: not more than 0.3 mass % and Ni: not more than 0.3 mass % in addition to the chemical composition.

20. The method for manufacturing a high-strength cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 7, wherein the steel raw material further contains one or two selected from Sn: not more than 0.2 mass % and Sb: not more than 0.2 mass % in addition to the above chemical composition.