US20130062185A1

US20130062185A1 - Tunnel typed coking furnace with a movable sliding bed and the method using the same

Info

Publication number: US20130062185A1
Application number: US13/640,696
Authority: US
Inventors: Qin Xu; Congjun Wang
Original assignee: Guizhou Sunny Clean Energy Tech Dev Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guizhou Sunny Clean Energy Technology Development Co Ltd; Guizhou Sunny Clean Energy Tech Dev Co Ltd
Priority date: 2010-04-12
Filing date: 2011-03-07
Publication date: 2013-03-14
Also published as: CN101792676A; WO2011127742A1; EA201270757A1; KR20130076815A; ZA201208504B; CN101792676B; AU2011240700A1; EA022011B1

Abstract

The invention refers to a tunnel typed coking furnace with a movable sliding bed and the method using the same belonging to the coking field, comprising a furnace body (48), a front sealing door (7), a back sealing door (25), a branch flue (10), a bottom flue (12) and a main flue (6), comprising a first preparation chamber (3) for coaling, a preheating segment (50), a carbonization segment (51), a coke dry quenching segment (52), and a second preparation chamber (23) for coke outlet; each part has different formation from the others, and are interconnected in series with the others; the sliding bed (37) for coaling and tamping coal material (44) passes through the abovementioned five segment in series in order to coke. The invention may realize a production coal material with fixed formation through formation process with pressure, so as to obtain the coke product with the same and big size, in addition to high strength, high utilization rate of heat energy, high degree of mechanization, and it also may realize the clean exhaustion of flue, so as to be able to protect the environment and water resource, and realize clean production.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for producing coke from coal and in particular to a tunnel typed coking furnace with a movable sliding bed and the method using the same, which can work successively, and may produce the production type coke and tamping coke, which also not only can realize the recovery of the chemical products but also may realize power generation utilizing the excess heat.
2. Description of the Related Art
The coking technology is mainly available in the conventional chemical recycling, top mount or side mount tamping coke machine,
Its defect refers to high dependence on the type of coal selected, and high cost of raw materials, the sizes of cokes vary and can be very small, and the coal gas may runaway in the process of operation. The coking technology is also used in the heat recovery coking furnace in which the chemical product is not recovered, but the coking time for this type of furnace is very long, and it is unable to accurately control product temperature and rate even in the same carbonization chamber, the quality of different cokes may vary. In addition, the two above mentioned coking furnace needs large equipments for coal charging, tamping, coke pushing, coke receiving, and the cost of equipments may be very high. and also the resistance for removing is very high and this results in the fact that the coal material may crack when tamping the same, so as to decrease the density and the sturdiness of coal material, and also break the coke when pushing out the coke with a huge force, finally, the mechanical means may abrase the bottom of furnace.
The Chinese Patent No. 20060012705.0, discloses a tunnel type coking furnace, for which the furnace is enclosed all around. Although the furnace is divided into several segments such as drying segment, dry distillation segment and air-cooling segment, but in fact, it is just a very simple division in terms of the temperature and the state of coal material, the change of temperature of drying segment only depends on the heat exchange between the drying segment and the dry distillation segment due to the temperature difference therebetween, and the yield may be affected by the low production rate; the air-cooling segment is cooled down after the red coke coal gas is burnt out, and the furnace body is not accurately divided. In addition, no complete sealing is formed between two tunnel kilns, or between the kiln bottom and the surroundings, and it also can not recover coal gas and chemical products, and also have the shortage of unreasonable heat utilization, low coking rate and low yield.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-described problem, this invention is to provide a coking furnace with reasonable structure, broad scope of selection of raw materials, high product quality, high yield, high utilization of heat, which is easy to repair and maintain and can recover coal gas and chemical products, and also may realize power generation with excess heat, and can be environmentally protective; and this invention also provides a method of using the same.
To achieve the above objectives, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, provided a tunnel typed coking furnace comprising a first preparation chamber for coaling, a preheating segment, a carbonization segment, a coke dry quenching segment, and a second preparation chamber for coke outlet.
In a class of this embodiment, the first preparation chamber, comprises of two first sealing walls, a first sealing door, a front sealing door of the furnace body, a first ceiling board and a first floor board; and a first displacement air supplying channel is formed under the floor board and connected to the bottom flue of the preheating segment, and the first displacement supplying channel is provided with a first control valve for controlling the supply of the displacement air; and a second displacement air exhausting channel is formed on the first ceiling board and connected to the main flue, and the first displacement air exhausting channel is provided with a second control valve; after the sliding bed enters the first preparation chamber. The air in the first preparation chamber is displaced with the oxygen free gas exhausted from the bottom flue after combustion (or with the Nitrogen from a Nitrogen generating machine); and after displacement, the front sealing door of furnace body are opened as the internal room of the first preparation chamber is kept as an internal circulation in sealing state; and then a sliding bed is pushed to the preheating segment, so as to ensure no smoke and dust coming out during the process of coaling and provide an atmosphere required for the recovery of gas chemical product of coal gas in the preheating segment. The first preparation chamber is separated from the preheating segment through the front sealing door of the furnace body.
In a class of this embodiment, no flame guiding port is provided on the two side walls of the preheating segment and the coke dry quenching segment respectively. the preheating segment are connected with each other through a bottom flue, and are also connected the bottom channels thereof; the bottom channel of the preheating segment is provided with a temperature regulating port connected to a exhausted hot air ascending channel formed inside the two side walls of the preheating segment, and is also provided with a second regulating damper for regulating the air passage in the exhausted hot air ascending channel; and the exhausted hot air ascending channel is connected with the main flue through the branch flue; and the main flue is connected with a chimney outside; a branch coke gas collecting tube is formed at the top of the preheating segment and is connected with a gas collecting mains; and also the gas collecting mains is connected with a gas purification system for chemical product recovery.
In a class of this embodiment, the preheating chamber is provided with a hot air channel extending from the inside of the furnace to the inside of internal and external walls of the carbonization segment; and the outlet of the hot air channel is provided with a regulating valve connected with an oxygen inlet formed in the gas descending channel located at the top of the carbonization segment and the oxygen tube formed in the bottom channel of the carbonization segment respectively through tubes; a plurality of gas descending channels, each of which is provided with a third regulating damper, are formed inside the two side walls of the carbonization segment; and a flame guiding port connected to the upper side of the carbonization segment, is formed on the upper side of the internal wall of gas descending channels; an openable flame observation port is corresponding to the flame guiding port is formed on the external wall of furnace; the lower side of the gas descending channels is connected to the corresponding bottom channel of the carbonization segment which is also provided with a first air inlet connected with gas descending channels (40) for supplying the air to the bottom channel of the carbonization segment; and the upper side of the internal wall of the carbonization segment is provided with a second air inlet staggered with the gas descending channels and disconnected with the same, which is used for the emergency of power failure.
In a class of this embodiment, a plurality of gas blocking dampers which are also able to block flame, containing Zirconium fibers, are provided in the space at the furnace top for partitioning the top space of the preheating segment, carbonization segment and the coke dry quenching segment.
A preheating chamber formed between the internal and the external walls of the two side walls has a heat exchange channel connecting the heat exchange box arranged at the top of the coke dry quenching segment to the bottom channel formed at the bottom of the coke dry quenching segment, and the heat exchange box provided with a first regulating damper and a first cold air tube is formed at the top of the coke dry quenching segment; and the bottom channel provided with a second regulating damper and a second cold air tube connected with centrifugal fan is formed at the bottom of the coke dry quenching segment. A back sealing door is arranged at the back end of the coke dry quenching segment.
In a class of this embodiment, a second preparation chamber for coke outlet outside the coke dry quenching segment is formed by two second sealing walls, a second sealing door, a back sealing door of the furnace body, a second ceiling board and a second floor board; a second displacement air supplying channel connected with the bottom flue of the preheating segment is formed under the floor board of the second preparation chamber for coke outlet, and is provided with a third control valve for controlling the supply of the displacement air; and a second displacement air exhausting channel connected with the main flue is formed on the second ceiling board of the second preparation chamber for coke outlet, and is provided with a fourth control valve; and the second sealing door of the second preparation chamber for coke outlet is connected with the circulation slide way formed outside.
In a class of this embodiment, the coke dry quenching segment is located behind the carbonization segment, or is formed outside the second preparation chamber for coke outlet, further comprising a coke dry quenching chamber exclusively used by the sliding bed, and a gas inlet channel and a gas outlet channel are formed respectively at the bottom and top of the coke dry quenching chamber; and a coke quenching chamber with low moisture is further formed beside each coke dry quenching chamber as a standby. The displacement gas used in the first preparation chamber, coke outlet preparation chamber and coke dry quenching chamber is oxygen free flue gas after combustion exhausted from the bottom flue of preheating segment or Nitrogen from a Nitrogen generating machine.
In a class of this embodiment, the sliding bed for loading briquette or tamping coal material is formed by the heat-resistant metal plates or heat-resistant steel plates and non-metallic alumina refractory board or cordierite-mullite boards; and a slide way is formed above the bottom channels and between the sliding bed and the bottom channels, the slide way is formed by high-density silicon bricks, high alumina bricks, aluminum phosphate bricks, phosphate bricks, corundum bricks, polycrystalline carbonized silicon or polycrystalline silicon nitride.
In a class of this embodiment, the sliding bed directly slides on the slide way; alternatively, a plurality of scrollable round refractory balls, cylindrical refractory rollers, heat-resistant bearings, or heat-resistant steel bars are arranged on the slide-way for the sliding bed to slide on, in order to reduce the resistance to the sliding. the slide way is with horizontal placement or inclined placement while the front segment of the slide way is positioned higher than the back segment thereof.
The coal material is loaded on the sliding bed and sent into the furnace for coking, after coal material is tamped or formed with pressure; the coal material is kept stable on the sliding bed. And the use of equipment to form the coal material with pressure may allow the tap density of coal material to reach 1.40 t/m3 or even higher, (reaching 0.7˜0.75 t/m3 for top loading coal, and reaching 0.95˜1.15 t/m3 for tamped coal). It can reduce the gap between coal particles after the tap density of coal material is enhanced. It can reduce the number of liquid phase products of gelatinoids for filling the gaps among coal particles in the process of coking, so that only a few liquid phase products of gelatinoids are needed to combine separated coal particles together, meanwhile, it is also possible to avoid the gas phase products of being separated due to the reduced gaps among coal particles, so as to enlarge the inflation pressure of gelatinoids, compact the formed coal particles, and further strengthen the combination of coal particles, in addition, it facilitates the inter-condensation between free radical and unsaturated compound generated after pyrolysis, allows the generation of appropriate molecules and liquid phase products that is chemically stable and non-volatilized. Therefore, it makes possible for producing high strength and high quality coke by using low cost value coal without adhesion or with low adhesion, significantly broaden the scope of resourcing coal material, enhance the selectability of different types of coal materials, reduce the cost of raw material used, and improve the yield and recovery rate.
In a class of this embodiment, heat consumed in the carbonization process is for dry distillation by separating oxygen, which is carried out after combusting the coal gas with the hot air in the bottom channel of the carbonization segment, dehydrating and preheating the coal material. The high temperature flue is introduced into the preheating segment through the bottom flue, and then dehydrate and preheat the coal material, meanwhile, the heat in the coke dry quenching segment is transferred to the heat storage chamber through the centrifugal fan arranged at the end of the preheating chamber of the coke dry quenching segment, so as to combust the coal gas only with hot air. This may not only significantly reduce the amount of coal gas consumed for carbonizing the coal material, but also allow the flue to be transferred to heat recovery steam boiler through the branch flue, and the main flue, thereby minimum the energy for coking in this coking system.
In a class of this embodiment, the arrangement and configuration of the first preparation chamber and the second preparation chamber and the displacement to the air in the first preparation chamber and the second preparation chamber before the coke outlet from the second preparation chamber with the oxygen free gas after combustion exhausted from the bottom flue or with the Nitrogen from a Nitrogen generating machine may not only ensure no smoke and dust coming out in the process of coaling and coke outlet, but also provide an atmosphere required for chemical product of coal gas in the preheating segment and quenching coke in the coke dry quenching segment.
The invention may not only realize the coking and power generation in a clean and energy-saving way by utilizing the above mentioned equipment and the process using the same, but also realize the recovery of chemical product of coal gas, in addition, it also has the following advantages:

- 1. The use of sliding bed may avoid decrease the density and the sturdiness of coal material, and also avoid the coke of being broken when pushing out the coke with a huge force; it may also realize a production coal material with fixed formation through formation process with pressure, so as to obtain the coke product with the same and big size, in addition to high strength.
- 2. The use of sliding bed and the division of the furnace into several segments may realize an accurate control of the heating temperature and heating rate, and allow the curve of heating to be in accordance with the that of the coking, and also reduce the time of coking, improve the utilization rate of heat energy, and the degree of mechanization during the whole process of production.
- 3. It may carbonize and coke the coal material such as anthracite coal with less than 13% fugitive constituent when used as the main coal material put into the furnace, or the coal material containing non coking coal, so as to produce high quality foundry coke and metallurgical coke, broaden the scope of resourcing, reduce the cost, achieve low coal consumption rate, high product recovery rate, and high rate of finished product.
- 4. The remaining chemical product such as coal gas, tar oil and crude benzol during the process of coking can be completely recovered. And the remaining clean coal gas can be used in the internal combustion engine for power generation, and the residual heat after coking may be used in steam turbine generator for power generation, and may achieve low cost of power generation, and high economic value added. The tons of coke consumption is less than 150 kg/standard coal, the partial heat generated is used for carbonization, and the rest heat can be used for power generation, so as to save energy.
- 5. The use of hot air for combustion with coal gas and the carbonization of coal material after being preheated may significantly enhance the utilization rate of heat energy, reduce the coking time consumed, and increase the yield.
- 6. When the coal material with less than 13% fugitive constituent, such as anthracite coal, and coke powder, is used in the production, there is no need for chemical product recovery as such coal material barely contains the chemical products such as tar oil, and benzene, so that it may avoid the generation of carcinogens such as phenol and benzopyrene. The dry quenching process is very simple, and realizes the protection and sufficient utilization of the water resource. The desulfurization and dedusting with flue may achieve clean flue exhausted, so as to effectively protect the external environment, and realize clean production.
- 7. The cost of equipments used is low, and the equipments are also easy to maintain. The periods of construction and investment recovery are very short.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Detailed description will be given below in conjunction with accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the tunnel typed coking furnace with a movable sliding bed;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the preheating segment (A-A sectional view);

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the carbonization segment (B-B sectional view);

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the coke dry quenching segment (C-C sectional view);

In the drawings, the following reference numbers are used:
1—furnace body base, 2—second insulating layer, 3—first preparation chamber, 4—first sealing door, 5—second displacement air exhausting channel, 6—main flue, 7—front sealing door, 8—branch coke gas collecting tube, 9—Zirconium fibers damper, 10—branch flue, 11—exhausted hot air ascending channel, 12—bottom flue, 13—second displacement air supplying channel, 14—oxygen tube, 15—first air inlet, 16—third regulating damper, 17—oxygen inlet, 18—flame observation port, 19—hot air channel, 20—regulating valve, 21—heat exchange box, 22—preheating chamber, 23—second preparation chamber, 24—second sealing door, 25—back sealing door, 26—second displacement air exhausting channel, 27—second air inlet, 28—gas collecting mains, 29—second regulating damper, 30—temperature regulating port, 31—-first regulating damper, 32—second regulating damper, 33—furnace top, 34—first insulating layer, 35—slide way, 36—refractory ball, 37—sliding bed, 38—bottom channel, 39—ceiling beam, 40—gas descending channel, 41—first cold air tube, 42—second cold air tube, 43—centrifugal fan, 44—tamping coal material, 45—flame guiding port, 46—bottom channel, 47—bottom channel, 48—furnace body, 49—heat exchange channel, 50—preheating segment, 51—carbonization segment, 52—coke dry quenching segment, 53—first control valve, 54—second control valve, 55—third control valve, 56—fourth control valve.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

There are specific modes for carrying out the invention with the drawings (FIG. 1 to FIG. 4)
A tunnel typed coking furnace, comprising a furnace top 33, a first insulating layer 34 formed at the furnace top 33, a ceiling beam 39, two side walls, a furnace body 48 formed by a furnace body base 1 and a furnace bottom constituted by a second insulating layer 2 formed at the bottom of the furnace, a front sealing door 7 of the furnace body, a back sealing door 25 of the furnace body, a branch flue 10, a bottom flue 12, and a main flue 6, is characterized in that the tunnel typed coking furnace consists of a first preparation chamber 3 for coaling, a preheating segment 50, a carbonization segment 51, a coke dry quenching segment 52, and a second preparation chamber 23 for coke outlet, and each part has different formation from the others, and are interconnected in series with the others; and a plurality of individual bottom channels 38,46,47 are formed above the first insulating layer 2, and perpendicular to the direction of the series connection of the parts of the furnace body; and a slide way 35 that the sliding bed 37 for loading briquette or tamping coal material 44 moves on is formed at the top of the bottom channels; and a heat exchange box 21 is formed at the top of the furnace wall of coke dry quenching segment 52; and a preheating chamber 22 formed between the internal and the external walls of the two side walls has a heat exchange channel 49 connecting the heat exchange box 21 arranged at the top of the coke dry quenching segment to the bottom channel 47 formed at the bottom of the coke dry quenching segment 52, and the heat exchange box 21 provided with a first regulating damper 31 and a first cold air tube 41 is formed at the top of the coke dry quenching segment 52; and the bottom channel 47 provided with a second regulating damper 32 and a second cold air tube 42 connected with centrifugal fan 43 is formed at the bottom of the coke dry quenching segment 52; and the preheating chamber 22 is provided with a hot air channel 19 extending from the inside of the furnace to the inside of internal and external walls of the carbonization segment 51; and the outlet of the hot air channel 19 is provided with a regulating valve 20 connected with an oxygen inlet 17 formed in the gas descending channel located at the top of the carbonization segment and the oxygen tube 14 formed in the bottom channel of the carbonization segment respectively through tubes; and a plurality of gas descending channels 40, each of which is provided with a third regulating damper 16, are formed inside the two side walls of the carbonization segment; and a flame guiding port 45 connected to the upper side of the carbonization segment, is formed on the upper side of the internal wall of gas descending channels 40; an openable flame observation port 18 is corresponding to the flame guiding port 45 is formed on the external wall of furnace; the lower side of the gas descending channels 40 is connected to the corresponding bottom channel 38 of the carbonization segment which is also provided with a first air inlet 15 connected with gas descending channels 40 for supplying the air to the bottom channel of the carbonization segment; and the upper side of the internal wall of the carbonization segment is provided with a second air inlet 27 staggered with the gas descending channels 40 and disconnected with the same; and the central areas of the bottoms of the carbonization segment 51 and the preheating segment 50 are connected with each other through a bottom flue 12, and are also connected the bottom channels 38,46 thereof; the bottom channel 46 of the preheating segment 50 is provided with a temperature regulating port 30 connected to a exhausted hot air ascending channel 11 formed inside the two side walls of the preheating segment 50, and is also provided with a second regulating damper 29 for regulating the air passage in the exhausted hot air ascending channel 11; and the exhausted hot air ascending channel is connected with the main flue 6 through the branch flue 10; and the main flue 6 is connected with a chimney outside; and no flame guiding port is provided on the two side walls of the preheating segment 50 and the coke dry quenching segment 52 respectively.
The sliding bed 37 for loading briquette or tamping coal material 44 is formed by the heat-resistant metal plates or heat-resistant steel plates and non-metallic alumina refractory board or cordierite-mullite boards; and a slide way 35 is formed above the bottom channels 38,46,47 and between the sliding bed 37 and the bottom channels 38,46,47, the slide way 35 is formed by high-density silicon bricks, high alumina bricks, aluminum phosphate bricks, phosphate bricks, corundum bricks, polycrystalline carbonized silicon or polycrystalline silicon nitride
The sliding bed 37 directly slides on the slide way 35; alternatively, a plurality of scrollable round refractory balls 36, cylindrical refractory rollers, heat-resistant bearings, or heat-resistant steel bars are arranged on the slide-way for the sliding bed 37 to slide on, in order to reduce the resistance to the sliding.
The slide way 35 is with horizontal placement or with inclined placement while the front segment of the slide way is positioned higher than the back segment thereof.
the first preparation chamber 3 for coaling is formed outside the preheating segment 50, comprising of two first sealing walls, a first sealing door 4, a front sealing door 7 of the furnace body, a first ceiling board and a first floor board; and a first displacement air supplying channel is formed under the floor board and connected to the bottom flue 12 of the preheating segment, and the first displacement supplying channel is provided with a first control valve 53 for controlling the supply of the displacement air; and a second displacement air exhausting channel 5 is formed on the first ceiling board and connected to the main flue, and the first displacement air exhausting channel is provided with a second control valve 54; and the first sealing door 4 of the first preparation chamber 3 is connected with a circulation slide way arranged outside; a second preparation chamber 23 for coke outlet outside the coke dry quenching segment 52 is formed by two second sealing walls, a second sealing door 24, a back sealing door 25 of the furnace body, a second ceiling board and a second floor board; a second displacement air supplying channel 13 connected with the bottom flue 12 of the preheating segment is formed under the floor board of the second preparation chamber for coke outlet 23, and is provided with a third control valve 55 for controlling the supply of the displacement air; and a second displacement air exhausting channel 26 connected with the main flue 6 is formed on the second ceiling board of the second preparation chamber for coke outlet 23, and is provided with a fourth control valve 56; and the second sealing door 24 of the second preparation chamber for coke outlet 23 is connected with the circulation slide way formed outside.
A plurality of gas blocking dampers 9 which are also able to block flame, containing Zirconium fibers, are provided in the space at the furnace top 33 for partitioning the top space of the preheating segment 50, carbonization segment 51 and the coke dry quenching segment 52.
The coke dry quenching segment 52 is located behind the carbonization segment 51, or is formed outside the second preparation chamber for coke outlet 23, further comprising a coke dry quenching chamber exclusively used by the sliding bed 37, and a gas inlet channel and a gas outlet channel are formed respectively at the bottom and top of the coke dry quenching chamber 52; and a coke quenching chamber with low moisture is further formed beside each coke dry quenching chamber as a standby. the displacement gas used in the first preparation chamber 3, coke outlet preparation chamber 23 and coke dry quenching chamber is oxygen free flue gas after combustion exhausted from the bottom flue 12 of preheating segment or Nitrogen from a Nitrogen generating machine.
A branch coke gas collecting tube 8 is formed at the top 33 of the preheating segment 50 and is connected with a gas collecting mains 28; and also the gas collecting mains 28 is connected with a gas purification system for chemical product recovery.
The process of coke production using the furnace of claim 1 is characterized in comprising the steps of:

- (1) according the requirement of products, preparing the raw materials with a precise proportion using an electronic hopper, mixing and stirring grinding the coal material 44, and shaping the grinded coal material with pressure, and then stacking the shaped coal onto the sliding bed, or moving the movable sliding bed 37 to a tamping station, and then tamping the coal directly on the movable sliding bed;
- (2) transferring the sliding bed 37 loading the coal into the first preparation chamber 3 through the circulation slide way formed outside the furnace, and closing the first sealing door 4 and the second sealing door 24, and then switch on the first control valve 53, the third control valve 55, the second control valve 54, and the fourth control valve 56; and displacing the air in the first preparation chamber 3 with the oxygen free gas after combustion exhausted from the bottom flue 12 or with the Nitrogen from a Nitrogen generating machine; and after displacement, opening the front sealing door 7 and the back sealing door 25 of furnace body; pushing the sliding bed 37 into a tunnel kiln with a car pusher; pushing out a sliding bed loading the coke after carbonization from the back door and into a the second preparation chamber for coke outlet 23 by means of a sliding bed in the furnace when another sliding bed loading coal material 44 is pushed into the furnace from the front door; and then closing the front sealing door 7 and the back sealing door 25; after that transferring the coke extinguished from the sliding bed 37 in the coking offloading area for offloading;
- (3) with the intermittent movement of the sliding bed 37, exchanging the heat of the coal material 44 with high temperature exhausted flue gas in the bottom channel 46 of the preheating segment and rapidly dehydrating the coal material 44, and then collecting the coal gas with a gas collection tube 8 formed at the top of the preheating segment and introducing the coal gas into a gas purification system for chemical product recovery through a gas collection mains 28 for purification; wherein, the purified coal gas can be directly used for the power generation of an internal combustion engine for exhausted coked gas, the external use, or is recovered in the coke furnace for combustion; after major of coal gas is volatilized from the coal material 44 in the preheating segment 50, transferring the coal material 44 to the carbonization segment 51; then introducing the remaining coal gas volatilized from the coal material in the carbonization segment 51 to the bottom channel 38 of the carbonization segment, and allowing the coal gas to be combusted with Oxygen further added, and keeping the temperature of the coal material rising until the coal material is melted and carbonized; finally, after the coal material 44 is bound and contracted, cooling the coal material 44 contracted in the coke dry quenching segment 52 to form coke product;
- (4) transferring the heat in the coke dry quenching segment 52 to the carbonization segment 51 with the centrifugal fan 43 arranged at the end portion of the preheating chamber 22 of the coke dry quenching segment 52 so as to allow the coal gas to combust only with hot air during the process of carbonization; and then introducing the exhausted hot gas after combustion into the bottom flue 12 of the preheating segment 50, before the fact that the exhausted hot gas passes through the bottom channel 46 of the preheating segment and the exhausted hot air channel 11 successively and rapidly dehydrate and preheat the coal material 44 loaded on the sliding bed 37; and meanwhile, cooling the coke dry quenching segment 52; finally, allowing the coal gas to pass through the branch flue 10, the main flue 6 and reach the heat recovery steam boiler to generate steam for power generation of steam turbine, and the electricity generated can be for self use or sold on line; cooling the flue gas with the heat recovery steam boiler, and then desulfurizing and purifying the cooled flue gas, and finally exhausting the purified flue gas to the external environment through the chimney.

In this invention, the resource is reasonably utilized, and a great amount of low cost value coal material without adhesion or with low adhesion with is selected for producing high quality coke with high strength. The reasonable design of the structure of the furnace and the process for producing coke make possible to achieve the recovery of coal gas and chemical products, reasonable utilization of heat energy, high rate of coking, and high yield of production. It also may recover the coal gas and chemical products, so as to realize power generation utilizing the remaining coal gas and heat. The furnace in this invention is able to be applied to the coking and carbonization for briquette and can be environmentally protective.
Obviously, the examples above are only for clearly describing the uses of new methods in practice, but not for making any restrictions to the ways of implementing. Therefore, some reasonable modifications can be made to the ways of implementing by the field-related ordinary technicians based on the methods described above. There is no need to thoroughly enumerate the ways of implementing, and it is also impossible to achieve so. Therefore, some obvious modifications or changes based on the methods described above will be still within the protective scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel typed coking furnace, comprising:

a furnace top, a first insulating layer formed at the furnace top, a ceiling beam, two side walls, a furnace body formed by a furnace body base and a furnace bottom constituted by a second insulating layer formed at the bottom of the furnace, a front sealing door of said furnace body, a back sealing door of said furnace body, a branch flue, a bottom flue, and a main flue, is characterized in that said tunnel typed coking furnace consists of a first preparation chamber for coaling, a preheating segment, a carbonization segment, a coke dry quenching segment, and a second preparation chamber for coke outlet, and each part has different formation from the others, and are interconnected in series with the others; and a plurality of individual bottom channels are formed above said first insulating layer, and perpendicular to the direction of the series connection of the parts of said furnace body; and a slide way that the sliding bed for loading briquette or tamping coal material moves on is formed at the top of said bottom channels; and a heat exchange box is formed at the top of the furnace wall of coke dry quenching segment; and a preheating chamber formed between the internal and the external walls of said two side walls has a heat exchange channel connecting said heat exchange box arranged at the top of said coke dry quenching segment to the bottom channel formed at the bottom of said coke dry quenching segment, and said heat exchange box provided with a first regulating damper and a first cold air tube is formed at the top of said coke dry quenching segment; and said bottom channel provided with a second regulating damper and a second cold air tube connected with centrifugal fan is formed at the bottom of said coke dry quenching segment; and said preheating chamber is provided with a hot air channel extending from the inside of the furnace to the inside of internal and external walls of said carbonization segment; and the outlet of said hot air channel is provided with a regulating valve connected with an oxygen inlet formed in the gas descending channel located at the top of said carbonization segment and the oxygen tube formed in the bottom channel of said carbonization segment respectively through tubes; and a plurality of gas descending channels, each of which is provided with a third regulating damper, are formed inside the two side walls of said carbonization segment; and a flame guiding port connected to the upper side of said carbonization segment, is formed on the upper side of the internal wall of gas descending channels; an openable flame observation port is corresponding to said flame guiding port is formed on the external wall of furnace; the lower side of said gas descending channels is connected to the corresponding bottom channel of said carbonization segment which is also provided with a first air inlet connected with gas descending channels for supplying the air to the bottom channel of said carbonization segment; and the upper side of the internal wall of said carbonization segment is provided with a second air inlet staggered with said gas descending channels and disconnected with the same; and the central areas of the bottoms of said carbonization segment and said preheating segment are connected with each other through a bottom flue, and are also connected said bottom channels thereof; said bottom channel of said preheating segment is provided with a temperature regulating port connected to a exhausted hot air ascending channel formed inside the two side walls of said preheating segment, and is also provided with a second regulating damper for regulating the air passage in said exhausted hot air ascending channel; and said exhausted hot air ascending channel is connected with said main flue through said branch flue; and said main flue is connected with a chimney outside; and no flame guiding port is provided on the two side walls of said preheating segment and said coke dry quenching segment respectively.

2. The coking furnace of claim 1, wherein said sliding bed for loading briquette or tamping coal material is formed by the heat-resistant metal plates or heat-resistant steel plates and non-metallic alumina refractory board or cordierite-mullite boards; and a slide way is formed above the bottom channels and between the sliding bed and said bottom channels, said slide way is formed by high-density silicon bricks, high alumina bricks, aluminum phosphate bricks, phosphate bricks, corundum bricks, polycrystalline carbonized silicon or polycrystalline silicon nitride.

3. The coking furnace of claim 1, wherein said sliding bed directly slides on said slide way; alternatively, a plurality of scrollable round refractory balls, cylindrical refractory rollers, heat-resistant bearings, or heat-resistant steel bars are arranged on the slide way for said sliding bed to slide on, in order to reduce the resistance to the sliding.

4. The coking furnace of claim 1, wherein said slide way is with horizontal placement or with inclined placement while the front segment of said slide way is positioned higher than the back segment thereof.

5. The coking furnace of claim 1, wherein said the first preparation chamber for coaling is formed outside said preheating segment, comprising of two first sealing walls, a first sealing door, a front sealing door of said furnace body, a first ceiling board and a first floor board; and a first displacement air supplying channel is formed under said floor board and connected to said bottom flue of said preheating segment, and said first displacement supplying channel is provided with a first control valve for controlling the supply of the displacement air; and a second displacement air exhausting channel is formed on the first ceiling board and connected to said main flue, and said first displacement air exhausting channel is provided with a second control valve; and said first sealing door of said first preparation chamber is connected with a circulation slide way arranged outside; a second preparation chamber for coke outlet outside the coke dry quenching segment is formed by two second sealing walls, a second sealing door, a back sealing door of the furnace body, a second ceiling board and a second floor board; a second displacement air supplying channel connected with said bottom flue of said preheating segment is formed under said floor board of said second preparation chamber for coke outlet, and is provided with a third control valve for controlling the supply of the displacement air; and a second displacement air exhausting channel connected with said main flue is formed on said second ceiling board of said second preparation chamber for coke outlet, and is provided with a fourth control valve; and said second sealing door of said second preparation chamber for coke outlet is connected with the circulation slide way formed outside.

6. The coking furnace of claim 1, wherein a plurality of gas blocking dampers which are also able to block flame, containing Zirconium fibers, are provided in the space at the furnace top for partitioning the top space of said preheating segment, carbonization segment and said coke dry quenching segment.

7. The coking furnace of claim 1 is characterized in that said coke dry quenching segment is located behind said carbonization segment, or is formed outside said second preparation chamber for coke outlet, further comprising a coke dry quenching chamber exclusively used by the sliding bed, and a gas inlet channel and a gas outlet channel are formed respectively at the bottom and top of said coke dry quenching chamber; and a coke quenching chamber with low moisture is further formed beside each coke dry quenching chamber as a standby.

8. The coking furnace of claim 1, wherein the displacement gas used in said first preparation chamber, coke outlet preparation chamber and coke dry quenching chamber is oxygen free flue gas after combustion exhausted from said bottom flue of preheating segment or Nitrogen from a Nitrogen generating machine.

9. The coking furnace of claim 1, wherein a branch coke gas collecting tube is formed at the top of said preheating segment and is connected with a gas collecting mains; and also said gas collecting mains is connected with a gas purification system for chemical product recovery.

10. The process of coke production using the furnace of claim 1 comprising the steps of:

(1) according the requirement of products, preparing the raw materials with a precise proportion using an electronic hopper, mixing and stirring grinding the coal material, and shaping the grinded coal material with pressure, and then stacking said shaped coal onto said sliding bed, or moving said movable sliding bed to a tamping station, and then tamping the coal directly on said movable sliding bed;

(2) transferring said sliding bed loading the coal into said first preparation chamber through said circulation slide way formed outside the furnace, and closing said first sealing door and said second sealing door, and then switch on said first control valve, said third control valve, said second control valve, and said fourth control valve; and displacing the air in said first preparation chamber with the oxygen free gas after combustion exhausted from the bottom flue or with the Nitrogen from a Nitrogen generating machine; and after displacement, opening said front sealing door and said back sealing door of furnace body; pushing said sliding bed into a tunnel kiln with a car pusher; pushing out a sliding bed loading the coke after carbonization from the back door and into a said second preparation chamber for coke outlet by means of a sliding bed in the furnace when another sliding bed loading coal material is pushed into the furnace from the front door; and then closing said front sealing door and said back sealing door; after that transferring the coke extinguished from the sliding bed in the coking offloading area for offloading;

(3) with the intermittent movement of said sliding bed, exchanging the heat of said coal material with high temperature exhausted flue gas in the bottom channel of said preheating segment and rapidly dehydrating said coal material, and then collecting said coal gas with a gas collection tube formed at the top of said preheating segment and introducing said coal gas into a gas purification system for chemical product recovery through a gas collection mains for purification; wherein, the purified coal gas can be directly used for the power generation of an internal combustion engine for exhausted coked gas, the external use, or is recovered in the coke furnace for combustion; after major of coal gas is volatilized from said coal material in said preheating segment, transferring said coal material to said carbonization segment; then introducing the remaining coal gas volatilized from the coal material in said carbonization segment to the bottom channel of said carbonization segment, and allowing the coal gas to be combusted with Oxygen further added, and keeping the temperature of the coal material rising until the coal material is melted and carbonized; finally, after said coal material is bound and contracted, cooling said coal material contracted in said coke dry quenching segment to form coke product;

(4) transferring the heat in said coke dry quenching segment to said carbonization segment with said centrifugal fan arranged at the end portion of said preheating chamber of said coke dry quenching segment so as to allow the coal gas to combust only with hot air during the process of carbonization; and then introducing the exhausted hot gas after combustion into said bottom flue of said preheating segment, before the fact that the exhausted hot gas passes through the bottom channel of said preheating segment and said exhausted hot air channel successively and rapidly dehydrate and preheat the coal material loaded on said sliding bed; and meanwhile, cooling said coke dry quenching segment; finally, allowing the coal gas to pass through said branch flue, said main flue and reach the heat recovery steam boiler to generate steam for power generation of steam turbine, and the electricity generated can be for self use or sold on line; cooling the flue gas with said heat recovery steam boiler, and then desulfurizing and purifying the cooled flue gas, and finally exhausting the purified flue gas to the external environment through the chimney.