[go: up one dir, main page]

US20130000687A1 - Hand-operated stick device and the shaft thereof - Google Patents

Hand-operated stick device and the shaft thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20130000687A1
US20130000687A1 US13/453,620 US201213453620A US2013000687A1 US 20130000687 A1 US20130000687 A1 US 20130000687A1 US 201213453620 A US201213453620 A US 201213453620A US 2013000687 A1 US2013000687 A1 US 2013000687A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
shaft
ribs
hand
stick device
tubular member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/453,620
Inventor
Anthony Shaw
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SPORTS-ACE INTERNATIONAL Co Ltd
Sports Ace International Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sports Ace International Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sports Ace International Co Ltd filed Critical Sports Ace International Co Ltd
Assigned to SPORTS-ACE INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. reassignment SPORTS-ACE INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SHAW, ANTHONY
Publication of US20130000687A1 publication Critical patent/US20130000687A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45BWALKING STICKS; UMBRELLAS; LADIES' OR LIKE FANS
    • A45B9/00Details
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45BWALKING STICKS; UMBRELLAS; LADIES' OR LIKE FANS
    • A45B9/00Details
    • A45B2009/005Shafts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a device used in ordinary life or sport, and more particularly to a hand-operated stick device and the shaft thereof.
  • the walking stick is a necessary device to help an elder or a disabled person to walk
  • the trekking pole may help the mountain climber or hiker to stably walk
  • the ski pole may help the skier to ski forward and turn.
  • Other hand-operated stick devices include golf club, hockey stick and other sport goods.
  • the hollow shaft may reduce the weight to decrease the loading when the user operates it.
  • the first way is changing material, such as using carbon to replace metallic tube.
  • the second way is using less material.
  • using less material may cause the shaft having a thin wall thickness.
  • the weight of the shaft is reduced from 150 grams per meter to 57 grams per meter that the wall thickness of the shaft is reduced to 0.8 mm.
  • Such shaft has an insufficient strength that the shaft is easy to be deformed or broken. This may lead the shaft can't be used anymore and may hurt the user.
  • the strength of the structure is weaker. If the shaft has a bent portion, the wall of the shaft at the bent portion is thinner than the rest portion, and the stress will be concentrated here that the shaft is easier to be broken at the bent portion.
  • the primary objective of the present invention is to provide a hand-operated stick device and the shaft thereof, which may increase the strength of the structure and provide a safe use.
  • a hand-operated stick device includes a gripping portion, a working member and a shaft with opposite ends connected to the gripping portion and the working member.
  • the shaft has a tubular member and at least a rib projected from an inner side of the tubular member.
  • the rib extends from the end of the shaft connected to the gripping portion to the other end connected to the working member.
  • the tubular member has a wall thickness, the rib has a width and a height, and the width and the height are greater than or equal to the wall thickness.
  • the rib includes a plurality of separated rib sections.
  • the ribs there are three ribs on the inner side of the shaft with the same interval therebetween. Furthermore, the ribs have their distal ends connected together at a center of the shaft. It may provide any numbers of the ribs on the inner side of the shaft, and the ribs may extend in an axis of the shaft or spirally.
  • the shaft of the hand-operated stick device of the present invention is characterized in that the shaft has a tubular member and at least three ribs projected from an inner side of the tubular member.
  • the tubular member has a wall thickness, and each rib has a width and a height. Both the height and the width are greater than or equal to the wall thickness.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the hand-operated stick device of a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view along the 2-2 line of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the shaft of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the ribs extending along the axis of the shaft;
  • FIG. 4 is similar to FIG. 2 , showing the ribs having curved cross section.
  • FIG. 5 is similar to FIG. 3 , showing the spiral ribs
  • FIG. 6 is similar to FIG. 3 , showing the rib having separated rib sections
  • FIG. 7 is similar to FIG. 2 , showing four ribs on the shaft.
  • FIG. 8 is similar to FIG. 2 , showing the ribs having their distal ends connected together at the center of the shaft.
  • the hand-operated stick device of the present invention may be a walking stick, trekking pole, ski pole, golf club, hockey stick and so on. These devices have a common structure including a gripping portion, a working member and a shaft connecting the gripping portion and the working member. It is noted that the shape and structure of the working member is various according to the purpose of the stick device. For example, when the stick device is a walking pole, the working member will be a tip for against the ground. When the stick device is a golf club, the working member is the golf club head. When the stick device is a hockey stick, the working member is the blade.
  • We take the walking pole for example to describe the hand-operated stick device and the shaft of the present invention in the following description.
  • a hand-operated stick device of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is a walking pole 10 , which includes an elongated shaft 12 , a gripping portion and a working member.
  • the shaft 12 has a tapered tubular member.
  • the gripping portion is a handle 14 fitted to a top end 12 a of the shaft 12 to be held by user's hand.
  • the working member is a tip 16 fixed to a bottom end 12 b of the shaft 12 for against the ground.
  • the entire tubular member of the shaft 12 has the same wall thickness T.
  • the shaft 12 has a plurality of ribs 13 projected from an inner side 12 c of the tubular member.
  • the ribs 13 extend in an axis of the shaft 12 from the top end 12 a to the bottom end 12 b , and there are three ribs 13 with the same interval therebetween.
  • each rib 13 has a width W and a height H.
  • the width W is a distance between two sides of the rib 13 connecting the inner side 12 c of the tubular member of the shaft 12
  • the height H is the shortest distance between the highest point of the rib 12 and the inner side 12 c .
  • the cross section of the rib 13 may be rectangular as shown in FIG. 2 or curved shaped as shown in FIG. 4 . No matter what kind of the shape the ribs 13 are, the width W of the rib 13 must be greater than or equal to the wall thickness T of the shaft 12 , and the height H is greater than or equal to a wall thickness T as well.
  • the ribs 13 may increase a toughness of the shaft 12 to resist deformation that the shaft 12 will not be broken easily and have a high safety, furthermore, it may achieve the purpose of reducing the loading of user and easy to operate.
  • the shaft 12 of the hand-operated stick device of the present invention may be applied in walking stick, trekking pole, alpenstock, golf club or hockey stick that may provide the same function.
  • the ribs 13 have the same interval therebetween to evenly disperse the force exerted on the shaft 12 and to avoid the concentration of the force to break the shaft 12 .
  • three ribs 13 with the same interval are the best design. The main reason is that the strengths in all directions will be the same when the handle 14 or the tip 16 engaging the shaft 12 in any angle.
  • FIG. 5 it shows a shaft 20 having spiral ribs 22 .
  • a shaft 30 has several ribs 32 extending in the axis of the shaft 30 .
  • Each rib 32 has several separated rib sections 32 a .
  • the region having the rib sections 32 a is defined as an enhanced region, and the region without the rib section 32 a is defined as flexible region.
  • the flexible regions may provide the shaft 30 a flexibility. Take the golf club for example, the flexible regions of the shaft 30 may cause the shaft 30 to flex and absorb the shake when a golfer swings the golf club to hit a ball.
  • FIG. 7 shows a shaft 40 having four ribs 42 with the same interval therebetween.
  • the ribs 42 may extend in the axis or in the spiral direction, or the ribs 42 may be constructed by separated rib sections.
  • FIG. 8 shows a shaft 50 having several ribs 52 with their distal ends connected together at a center of the shaft 50 .
  • the present invention provides the shaft having the ribs with the width W greater than or equal to the wall thickness T, and the height greater than or equal to the wall thickness T also that the shaft will have a great toughness and compressive strength in the same time.
  • the best design of the present invention is to provide three ribs with the same interval therebetween that shaft will have the same strength in all directions no matter the handle and the tip engage the shaft in any angle.

Landscapes

  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Walking Sticks, Umbrellas, And Fans (AREA)

Abstract

A hand-operated stick device includes a gripping portion, a working member and an elongated shaft with opposite ends connecting the gripping portion and the working member. The shaft has a wall thickness and at least three ribs projected from an inner side of the shaft. The ribs extend from an end of the shaft adjacent to the gripping portion to the other end adjacent to the working member. The ribs have a width and a height both of which are greater than or equal to the wall thickness. Therefore, it may increase the strength of structure and provide a safe use.

Description

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • 1. Field of the Invention
  • The present invention relates generally to a device used in ordinary life or sport, and more particularly to a hand-operated stick device and the shaft thereof.
  • 2. Description of the Related Art
  • In some circumstances, using hand-operated stick device for assistance is common and necessary. For example, the walking stick is a necessary device to help an elder or a disabled person to walk, the trekking pole may help the mountain climber or hiker to stably walk and the ski pole may help the skier to ski forward and turn. Other hand-operated stick devices include golf club, hockey stick and other sport goods.
  • There is a common character of the stick devices as described above, which is, they have a hollow shaft. The hollow shaft may reduce the weight to decrease the loading when the user operates it. There are two ways to achieve the purpose. The first way is changing material, such as using carbon to replace metallic tube. The second way is using less material. However, under the specific standard of the device, using less material may cause the shaft having a thin wall thickness. Take the carbon ski pole for example, under the requirement of reduction of the weight of the shaft, the weight of the shaft is reduced from 150 grams per meter to 57 grams per meter that the wall thickness of the shaft is reduced to 0.8 mm. Such shaft has an insufficient strength that the shaft is easy to be deformed or broken. This may lead the shaft can't be used anymore and may hurt the user. As the shaft is longer, the strength of the structure is weaker. If the shaft has a bent portion, the wall of the shaft at the bent portion is thinner than the rest portion, and the stress will be concentrated here that the shaft is easier to be broken at the bent portion.
  • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The primary objective of the present invention is to provide a hand-operated stick device and the shaft thereof, which may increase the strength of the structure and provide a safe use.
  • According to the objective of the present invention, a hand-operated stick device includes a gripping portion, a working member and a shaft with opposite ends connected to the gripping portion and the working member. The shaft has a tubular member and at least a rib projected from an inner side of the tubular member. The rib extends from the end of the shaft connected to the gripping portion to the other end connected to the working member. The tubular member has a wall thickness, the rib has a width and a height, and the width and the height are greater than or equal to the wall thickness.
  • In an embodiment, the rib includes a plurality of separated rib sections.
  • In another embodiment, there are three ribs on the inner side of the shaft with the same interval therebetween. Furthermore, the ribs have their distal ends connected together at a center of the shaft. It may provide any numbers of the ribs on the inner side of the shaft, and the ribs may extend in an axis of the shaft or spirally.
  • In addition, the shaft of the hand-operated stick device of the present invention is characterized in that the shaft has a tubular member and at least three ribs projected from an inner side of the tubular member. The tubular member has a wall thickness, and each rib has a width and a height. Both the height and the width are greater than or equal to the wall thickness.
  • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the hand-operated stick device of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view along the 2-2 line of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the shaft of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, showing the ribs extending along the axis of the shaft;
  • FIG. 4 is similar to FIG. 2, showing the ribs having curved cross section.
  • FIG. 5 is similar to FIG. 3, showing the spiral ribs;
  • FIG. 6 is similar to FIG. 3, showing the rib having separated rib sections;
  • FIG. 7 is similar to FIG. 2, showing four ribs on the shaft; and
  • FIG. 8 is similar to FIG. 2, showing the ribs having their distal ends connected together at the center of the shaft.
  • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • The hand-operated stick device of the present invention may be a walking stick, trekking pole, ski pole, golf club, hockey stick and so on. These devices have a common structure including a gripping portion, a working member and a shaft connecting the gripping portion and the working member. It is noted that the shape and structure of the working member is various according to the purpose of the stick device. For example, when the stick device is a walking pole, the working member will be a tip for against the ground. When the stick device is a golf club, the working member is the golf club head. When the stick device is a hockey stick, the working member is the blade. We take the walking pole for example to describe the hand-operated stick device and the shaft of the present invention in the following description.
  • As shown in FIG. 1, a hand-operated stick device of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is a walking pole 10, which includes an elongated shaft 12, a gripping portion and a working member. The shaft 12 has a tapered tubular member. The gripping portion is a handle 14 fitted to a top end 12 a of the shaft 12 to be held by user's hand. The working member is a tip 16 fixed to a bottom end 12 b of the shaft 12 for against the ground.
  • As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the entire tubular member of the shaft 12 has the same wall thickness T. The shaft 12 has a plurality of ribs 13 projected from an inner side 12 c of the tubular member. In the present embodiment, the ribs 13 extend in an axis of the shaft 12 from the top end 12 a to the bottom end 12 b, and there are three ribs 13 with the same interval therebetween.
  • As shown in FIG. 2, each rib 13 has a width W and a height H. The width W is a distance between two sides of the rib 13 connecting the inner side 12 c of the tubular member of the shaft 12, and the height H is the shortest distance between the highest point of the rib 12 and the inner side 12 c. Under the basis of above, the cross section of the rib 13 may be rectangular as shown in FIG. 2 or curved shaped as shown in FIG. 4. No matter what kind of the shape the ribs 13 are, the width W of the rib 13 must be greater than or equal to the wall thickness T of the shaft 12, and the height H is greater than or equal to a wall thickness T as well. Under the specific standard and reduction of material, the ribs 13 may increase a toughness of the shaft 12 to resist deformation that the shaft 12 will not be broken easily and have a high safety, furthermore, it may achieve the purpose of reducing the loading of user and easy to operate. In the same principle, the shaft 12 of the hand-operated stick device of the present invention may be applied in walking stick, trekking pole, alpenstock, golf club or hockey stick that may provide the same function.
  • It is noted that the ribs 13 have the same interval therebetween to evenly disperse the force exerted on the shaft 12 and to avoid the concentration of the force to break the shaft 12. In the present embodiment, three ribs 13 with the same interval are the best design. The main reason is that the strengths in all directions will be the same when the handle 14 or the tip 16 engaging the shaft 12 in any angle.
  • There are several equivalent structures that may achieve the same purpose of the present invention.
  • In FIG. 5, it shows a shaft 20 having spiral ribs 22.
  • In FIG. 6, a shaft 30 has several ribs 32 extending in the axis of the shaft 30. Each rib 32 has several separated rib sections 32 a. The region having the rib sections 32 a is defined as an enhanced region, and the region without the rib section 32 a is defined as flexible region. The flexible regions may provide the shaft 30 a flexibility. Take the golf club for example, the flexible regions of the shaft 30 may cause the shaft 30 to flex and absorb the shake when a golfer swings the golf club to hit a ball.
  • FIG. 7 shows a shaft 40 having four ribs 42 with the same interval therebetween. The ribs 42 may extend in the axis or in the spiral direction, or the ribs 42 may be constructed by separated rib sections.
  • FIG. 8 shows a shaft 50 having several ribs 52 with their distal ends connected together at a center of the shaft 50.
  • Finally, under the requirement of a light shaft, the present invention provides the shaft having the ribs with the width W greater than or equal to the wall thickness T, and the height greater than or equal to the wall thickness T also that the shaft will have a great toughness and compressive strength in the same time. The best design of the present invention is to provide three ribs with the same interval therebetween that shaft will have the same strength in all directions no matter the handle and the tip engage the shaft in any angle.
  • The description above is a few preferred embodiments of the present invention and the equivalence of the present invention is still in the scope of the claim of the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. A hand-operated stick device, comprising:
a gripping portion;
a working member; and
an elongated shaft, which has opposite ends connected to the gripping portion and the working member, having a tubular member and at least a rib projected from an inner side of the tubular member, wherein the rib extends from the end of the tubular member connected to the gripping portion to the other end thereof connected to the working member; the tubular member has a wall thickness, and the rib has a width and a height; and the width and the height of the rib are greater than or equal to the wall thickness of the tubular member.
2. The hand-operated stick device as defined in claim 1, wherein the rib has a plurality of separated rib sections.
3. The hand-operated stick device as defined in claim 1, wherein the shaft has three ribs on the inner side of the tubular member with the same interval therebetween.
4. The hand-operated stick device as defined in claim 3, wherein distal ends of the ribs are connected together at a center of the shaft.
5. The hand-operated stick device as defined in claim 3, wherein the ribs are straight and extend in an axis of the shaft.
6. The hand-operated stick device as defined in claim 3, wherein the ribs are spiral.
7. The hand-operated stick device as defined in claim 2, wherein the shaft has three ribs on the inner side of the tubular member with the same interval therebetween.
8. The hand-operated stick device as defined in claim 7, wherein distal ends of the ribs are connected together at a center of the shaft.
9. The hand-operated stick device as defined in claim 7, wherein the ribs are straight and extend in an axis of the shaft.
10. The hand-operated stick device as defined in claim 7, wherein the ribs are spiral.
11. A shaft of a hand-operated stick device, comprising a tubular member and at least three ribs projected from an inner side of the tubular member, wherein the tubular member has a wall thickness; each of the ribs has a width and a height; and the width and the height of the ribs are greater than or equal to the wall thickness of the tubular member.
12. The hand-operated stick device as defined in claim 11, wherein at least one of the ribs has a plurality of separated rib sections.
13. The hand-operated stick device as defined in claim 11, wherein the ribs on the inner side of the tubular have the same interval therebetween.
14. The hand-operated stick device as defined in claim 13, wherein distal ends of the ribs are connected together at a center of the shaft.
15. The hand-operated stick device as defined in claim 12, wherein the ribs on the inner side of the tubular have the same interval therebetween.
16. The hand-operated stick device as defined in claim 15, wherein distal ends of the ribs are connected together at a center of the shaft.
US13/453,620 2011-06-29 2012-04-23 Hand-operated stick device and the shaft thereof Abandoned US20130000687A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TW100211889 2011-06-29
TW100211889U TWM416370U (en) 2011-06-29 2011-06-29 Stick like handheld article and hollow tube thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20130000687A1 true US20130000687A1 (en) 2013-01-03

Family

ID=46448670

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/453,620 Abandoned US20130000687A1 (en) 2011-06-29 2012-04-23 Hand-operated stick device and the shaft thereof

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20130000687A1 (en)
TW (1) TWM416370U (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150202112A1 (en) * 2014-01-21 2015-07-23 Motivo, Inc. Single-point supportive monocoque ambulation aid
EP2965789A1 (en) 2014-07-11 2016-01-13 NOXI s.r.l. Sport equipment comprising reinforced tubular structure
USD1081107S1 (en) * 2024-05-09 2025-07-01 Ningbo Chancecaimport & Export Co., Ltd. Alpenstock

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103315464A (en) * 2012-03-23 2013-09-25 晨智实业股份有限公司 Rod type hand-hold assistor and hollow rod body thereof

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1701866A (en) * 1928-04-03 1929-02-12 Soriente Alfonso Cane construction
US1963057A (en) * 1930-10-03 1934-06-12 American Fork & Hoe Co Method of forming tubular structural elements
US2360240A (en) * 1939-05-23 1944-10-10 Kjellstrom Alvar Eskil Petrus Ski stick
US3972529A (en) * 1974-10-07 1976-08-03 Mcneil Walter F Reinforced tubular materials and process
US5964237A (en) * 1998-08-26 1999-10-12 Lin; Chen-Hsiung Supporting shaft of a sunshade
US20090025764A1 (en) * 2007-07-27 2009-01-29 Henry Lee Umbrella frame part

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1701866A (en) * 1928-04-03 1929-02-12 Soriente Alfonso Cane construction
US1963057A (en) * 1930-10-03 1934-06-12 American Fork & Hoe Co Method of forming tubular structural elements
US2360240A (en) * 1939-05-23 1944-10-10 Kjellstrom Alvar Eskil Petrus Ski stick
US3972529A (en) * 1974-10-07 1976-08-03 Mcneil Walter F Reinforced tubular materials and process
US5964237A (en) * 1998-08-26 1999-10-12 Lin; Chen-Hsiung Supporting shaft of a sunshade
US20090025764A1 (en) * 2007-07-27 2009-01-29 Henry Lee Umbrella frame part

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150202112A1 (en) * 2014-01-21 2015-07-23 Motivo, Inc. Single-point supportive monocoque ambulation aid
US9706818B2 (en) * 2014-01-21 2017-07-18 Motivo, Inc. Single-point supportive monocoque ambulation aid
US10575608B2 (en) 2014-01-21 2020-03-03 Motivo, Inc. Single-point supportive monocoque ambulation aid
EP2965789A1 (en) 2014-07-11 2016-01-13 NOXI s.r.l. Sport equipment comprising reinforced tubular structure
USD1081107S1 (en) * 2024-05-09 2025-07-01 Ningbo Chancecaimport & Export Co., Ltd. Alpenstock

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TWM416370U (en) 2011-11-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20130000687A1 (en) Hand-operated stick device and the shaft thereof
US8418707B2 (en) Fixing device of sports stick with variable length
US9364057B2 (en) Sports or fitness training pole
US8277343B2 (en) Bat constructed for striking a ball
US20030227167A1 (en) Ski pole
JP2009213582A (en) Javelin for athletic sports
US20130023360A1 (en) Weighted swing training apparatus
EP2559353A1 (en) Hand-operated stick device and the shaft thereof
US20110187092A1 (en) Snow basket and sports pole with snow basket
US20170151475A1 (en) Golf club with grip arranged to facilitate alignment and method of making the same
US20110092338A1 (en) Vaulting Pole With Alignment Deviation
US20180333621A1 (en) Lacrosse Head With Enhanced Sweet Spot
EP3062894B1 (en) Hockey blade with enhanced crown
EP3193654B1 (en) Mobility device
TW201601805A (en) Ball bat with an external wall in the barrel region
US20150335111A1 (en) Pole intended to be used as training equipment during walking
JP5890590B2 (en) Muscular strength cane
WO2014142671A1 (en) Pole handle
JP2001046129A (en) Walking stick
TWM427935U (en) Rod-type handheld aid and middle rod thereof
US9205315B2 (en) Lacrosse stick with teaching aid
JP6547103B2 (en) Folding white cane
KR200475502Y1 (en) Discrete type multistage stick
JP3143276U (en) Fitness walking pole
US20020098907A1 (en) Golf club shaft formed of tubular bodies different in flexibility

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: SPORTS-ACE INTERNATIONAL CO., LTD., TAIWAN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SHAW, ANTHONY;REEL/FRAME:028091/0642

Effective date: 20120420

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION