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US20120125231A1 - Coating Formulation - Google Patents

Coating Formulation Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120125231A1
US20120125231A1 US13/296,924 US201113296924A US2012125231A1 US 20120125231 A1 US20120125231 A1 US 20120125231A1 US 201113296924 A US201113296924 A US 201113296924A US 2012125231 A1 US2012125231 A1 US 2012125231A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
starch
zein
sds
surfactant
weight
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US13/296,924
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English (en)
Inventor
Flave Markland
John Widen
Nikola A. Nikolic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Penford Products Co LLC
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Penford Products Co LLC
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Penford Products Co LLC filed Critical Penford Products Co LLC
Priority to US13/296,924 priority Critical patent/US20120125231A1/en
Assigned to PENFORD PRODUCTS CO. reassignment PENFORD PRODUCTS CO. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MARKLAND, FLAVE, NIKOLIC, NIKOLA A., WIDEN, JOHN
Publication of US20120125231A1 publication Critical patent/US20120125231A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D103/00—Coating compositions based on starch, amylose or amylopectin or on their derivatives or degradation products
    • C09D103/04—Starch derivatives
    • C09D103/08—Ethers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/06—Alcohols; Phenols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones; Acetals; Ketals
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
    • D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
    • D21H17/28—Starch
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/12—Coatings without pigments applied as a solution using water as the only solvent, e.g. in the presence of acid or alkaline compounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • D21H19/34—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising cellulose or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
    • D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
    • D21H23/52—Addition to the formed paper by contacting paper with a device carrying the material
    • D21H23/56—Rolls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L89/00—Compositions of proteins; Compositions of derivatives thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to sizing compounds, and particularly to compounds used to provide oil and grease resistance in the paper and textile industries.
  • Prolamines are of interest to the present invention.
  • Prolamines are plant storage proteins having a high proline content and are found in the seeds of cereal grains.
  • Typical prolamines include zein which is present in corn; gliadin which is present in wheat, hordein which is present in barley and secaline which is present in rye. They are typically characterized by high proline and glutamine contents and are generally soluble only in strong alcohol solutions.
  • aqueous barrier coating composition comprising (a) prolamine such as zein, (b) a cold water soluble polymer such as an ethylated starch, (c) water, (d) a water-soluble co-solvent such as propylene glycol and (e) a stabilizer such as carboxymethyl cellulose.
  • prolamine such as zein
  • a cold water soluble polymer such as an ethylated starch
  • water water
  • a water-soluble co-solvent such as propylene glycol
  • a stabilizer such as carboxymethyl cellulose
  • the present invention is based on the discovery that a sizing composition comprising only the combination of a prolamine, a surfactant and water can provide excellent oil and grease resistance to a paper, textile or other substrate.
  • Kit values are well known for use in measuring the oil and grease resistance of coated and the invention provides a method of providing Kit values of greater than 3 to coated substrates for use in a variety of applications.
  • the invention provides a coating composition
  • a coating composition comprising from 5-15% by weight prolamine, from 5 to 15% by weight surfactant and from 70-90% by weight water.
  • Such compositions can be combined with starches or other sizing agents and can optionally include other ingredients.
  • One such preferred ingredient is antifoam which is useful to prevent excess foaming caused by the presence of surfactants in the formulation.
  • These components can be applied in combination with other sizing agents such as starches, binders, minerals and pigments to produce substrates with improved oil and grease resistance.
  • a particularly preferred composition for application at a size press comprises from 0.3 to 1.5 percent by weight corn zein, from 0.3 to 1.6 percent by weight sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and from 0.01 to 0.05 percent by weight of an antifoaming agent with the remainder comprising deionized water with the overall pH between 6 and 8.
  • SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate
  • the prolamine used in accordance with the invention can be derived from a variety of sources but is preferably selected from the group consisting of zein, gliadin, hordein and secalin with zein being particularly preferred.
  • Zein is a commercially available protein but may be obtained from corn gluten meal by methods well understood in the art. According to one such method, corn gluten meal is washed with 100% ethanol multiple times to wash out impurities and color. The “clean” corn gluten meal is then extracted with aqueous alcohol at greater than 50° C. and the extract is concentrated under vacuum.
  • the solvent containing prolamine can then have SDS surfactant added at a 1:1 ratio and an adequate amount of water added to maintain proper solids and liquid levels.
  • the solvent can then be evaporated to a target level or to yield an essentially aqueous composition.
  • the concentrate will be between 10-30% solids with a small amount of antifoam (usually less than 0.1% w/w) added to improve pouring and transfer.
  • surfactants can be used but according to one preferred aspect of the invention the surfactant is an anionic surfactant.
  • Preferred surfactants include those with a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) of from 20 to 40.
  • HLB hydrophilic-lipophilic balance
  • Two particularly preferred surfactants are sodium laureth sulfate and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). According to one aspect of the invention a 1:1 to 1:1.5 weight ratio of zein to SDS is preferred with a ratio of 1:1.1 appearing to be particularly preferred.
  • the coating composition further comprises antifoam.
  • Antifoaming agents include, but are not limited to, water-based silicone emulsions, polyethylene/polypropylene block polymers, glycols, salts of organic acids, organic phosphates. Antifoam is desired in order to prevent foaming promoted by the presence of surfactants during the coating process. Foaming at the size press during application of a sizing composition is already an issue during conventional sizing operations therefore the application of antifoam is particularly important in practice of the present invention.
  • a crosslinking agent such as glyoxal is incorporated. While not intending to be bound by any particular theory of the invention it is believed that glyoxal may function to crosslink components of the coating composition including proteins and/or polysaccharides which are present therein.
  • the coating compositions of the invention preferably further include or are applied with a polysaccharide as polysaccharides such as starches and modified starches are frequently used in the art as coating compositions.
  • suitable polysaccharide include starches, starch derivatives, modified starches, thermoplastic starches, starch esters such as starch acetate, starch hydroxyethyl ethers, alkyl starches, phosphate starches and dialdehyde starches.
  • the starch can be cationic, anionic or amphoteric.
  • the starch derivatives include carboxymethyl starch, hydroxyethyl starch, carboxymethylhydroxypropyl starch, oxidized starch and pregelatinized starch.
  • starches derived from various plant sources may be used including but not limited to corn, waxy-corn, potato, tapioca, rice and sago starch.
  • biogums including xanthan, gellan, and other derivatized cellulosic materials may be used.
  • compositions of the invention preferably comprise from 1-15% by weight prolamine; from 1-10% by weight surfactant and from 5-25% by weight polysaccharide on a solids basis.
  • Coating compositions for application in a size press more preferably comprise from 6-12% by weight polysaccharide on a solids basis and most preferably about 8-9% by weight.
  • the components of the composition are also particularly useful as additives at the wet end of paper manufacturing machines.
  • the starch can be modified starch to further promote oil and grease resistance.
  • Particularly useful modified starches are hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl starches which are modified to inhibit retrogradation.
  • Another particularly useful starch is starch hydrophobically modified with octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) or similar agents such as dodecyl succinic anhydride (DDSA), and the corresponding salts thereof.
  • OSA octenyl succinic anhydride
  • DDSA dodecyl succinic anhydride
  • a stabilizer such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) or other surfactant may be used in combination with antifoam and water in the absence of prolamine as a sizing agent for combination with carbohydrates such as starch in coating substrates.
  • a method of coating a substrate comprising the step of applying a coating composition comprising from 5 to 30% by weight surfactant and from 70 to 95% by weight water in further combination with a polysaccharide.
  • the polysaccharide is preferably starch and the surfactant is preferably an anionic surfactant such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).
  • compositions also preferably comprise an antifoam agent including, but not limited to those selected from the group consisting of water-based silicone emulsions, polyethylene/polypropylene block polymers, glycols, salts of organic acids, organic phosphates.
  • an antifoam agent including, but not limited to those selected from the group consisting of water-based silicone emulsions, polyethylene/polypropylene block polymers, glycols, salts of organic acids, organic phosphates.
  • the sizing compositions of the invention may be applied to a variety of substrates including, but not limited to those selected from the group consisting of paper, paper board, wood, inorganic substrates and textile products.
  • the substrate is paper and the sizing composition is applied during the paper making process, or in a subsequent coating process.
  • the present invention is directed to improved coating compositions for providing oil and grease resistance to substrates such as paper, paperboard, textiles and the like.
  • the invention provides a water-insoluble prolamine into a dilute, low solids coating composition, such that it can be applied in a size press, while maintaining oil and grease resistance properties.
  • the water insoluble prolamine can be delivered in a higher solids content coating formulation.
  • SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate
  • an appropriate amount of prolamine can be solublized/dispersed in an aqueous solution that can then be incorporated into a size press formulation.
  • the prolamine containing compositions of the invention include corn zein-containing formulations which are functional at low starch solids such as between 7-12% dry solids basis (dsb), pH neutral, and temperature stable up to 150° F. while imparting improved Kit test resistance to the coated sheet.
  • low starch solids such as between 7-12% dry solids basis (dsb), pH neutral, and temperature stable up to 150° F. while imparting improved Kit test resistance to the coated sheet.
  • Kit values are in a range of 3-4 while items such as microwave popcorn bags, fried chicken buckets and pet-food bags typically require a Kit value of 10 or greater. Other end uses will require different Kit values.
  • the 10-30% total solids include all the solids in the formulation, starch, zein, SDS and defoamer.
  • Stabilizers such as anionic surfactants are used to solubilize and hold the zein in solution long enough to let the starch carry it onto the sheet for deposition, mix well and be compatible in an 100% aqueous, low starch solids environment.
  • the compositions preferably include antifoam compositions to prevent excess foaming resulting from the presence of the surfactant stabilizers.
  • Dow Corning Antifoam B (Antifoam B) emulsion is the preferred antifoam. It contains a distribution of polydimethylsiloxanes in aqueous suspension. A dosage level between 0.02% and 0.1% weight to weight with a preferred level between 0.03% and 0.05% and the most preferred level being 0.04% weight to weight.
  • glyoxal into the coating formulations of the invention provides surprisingly improved oil and grease resistance to those coating formulations.
  • Useful ratios of glyoxal to prolamine range from 0.1:1 to 5:1 by weight (glyoxal:prolamine) with ratios of 0.3:1 to 3:1 by weight being preferred and from 0.5:1 to 1:1 by weight being particularly preferred.
  • Other protein crosslinking agents include: homobifunctional cross-linkers are used in one-step reactions while the heterobifunctional cross-linkers are used in two-step sequential reactions, where the least labile reactive end is reacted first.
  • Homobifunctional cross-linking agents have the tendency to result in self-conjugation, polymerization, and intracellular cross-linking.
  • heterobifunctional agents allow more controlled two step reactions, which minimizes undesirable intramolecular cross reaction and polymerization.
  • polysaccharide crosslinking agents known to the art include suitable covalent cross-linking agents such as 2,3-dibromopropanol, epichlorohydrin, sodium trimetaphosphate, linear mixed anhydrides or otherwise activated analogues of acetic and di- or tribasic carboxylic acids, vinyl sulfone, diepoxides, cyanuric chloride, hexahydro-1,3,5-trisacryloyl-s-triazine, hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene 2,4-diisocyanate, N,N-methylenebisacrylamide, N,N′-bis(hydroxymethyl)ethyleneurea, phosphorous(V) oxychloride, phosgene, tripolyphosphate, mixed carbonic-carboxylic acid anhydrides, imidazolides of carbonic and polybasic carboxylic acids, imidazolium salts of polybasic carboxylic acids, guanidine derivatives of poly
  • the most widely used heterobifunctional cross-linking agents are used to couple proteins through amine and sulfhydryl groups.
  • the least stable amine reactive NHS-esters couple first and, after removal of uncoupled reagent, the coupling to the sulfhydryl group proceeds.
  • the sulfhydryl reactive groups are generally maleimides, pyridyl disulfides and a-haloacetyls.
  • Other cross-linkers include carbodiimides, which-link between carboxyl groups (—COOH) and primary amines (—NH 2 ).
  • Additional crosslinking agents which can be of use in practice of the invention include multifunctional crosslinking agents including difunctional crosslinking agents where the functionalities may be the same or different, although higher functionality may be present, usually not exceeding four functionalities.
  • Stedronsky et al., U.S. Pat. No. 6,423,333 describes a number of crosslinking agents useful for tissue adhesives and sealants. Suitable crosslinking agents will usually be at least about two carbon atoms and not more than about 50 carbon atoms, generally ranging from about 2 to 30 carbon atoms, more usually from about 3 to 16 carbon atoms.
  • the chain joining the two functionalities will be at least one atom and not more than about 100 atoms and usually less than 60, 40 or more preferably 20 atoms where the atoms may be carbon, oxygen, nitrogen; sulfur, phosphorous, or the like.
  • the linking group may be aliphatically saturated or unsaturated, preferably aliphatic, and may include such functionalities as oxy, ester, amide, thioether, amino, and phosphorous ester.
  • the crosslinking group may be hydrophobic or hydrophilic. Stedronsky teaches that various reactive functionalities may be employed, such as aldehyde, isocyanate, mixed carboxylic acid anhydride, e.g.
  • crosslinking agents may be employed, particularly those which have been used previously and have been found to be physiologically acceptable.
  • Crosslinking agents which may be used include dialdehydes, such as glyoxal and glutaraldehyde, activated diolefins, diisocyanates such as, tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, octamethylene diisocyanate, acid anhydrides, such as succinic acid dianhydride, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid dianhydride, diamines, such as hexamethylene diamine, cyclo(L-lysyl-L-lysine) and the like.
  • the crosslinking agent may also contain unsymmetrical functionalities, for example, activated olefin aldehydes, e.g. acrolein and quinoid aldehydes, activated halocarboxylic acid anhydride, and the like.
  • the crosslinking agents will usually be commercially available or may be readily synthesized in accordance with conventional ways, either prior to application, or by synthesis in situ.
  • optimum degree of crosslinking may be readily determined by those of ordinary skill in the art by empirical means. In this manner, optimum levels of crosslinking agents (or treatments) may be incorporated into the compositions in accord with the known activities of the art-recognized crosslinking agents.
  • OGR coating formulations can be formed comprising a prolamine, a surfactant, water and a crosslinking agent with glyoxal being a preferred crosslinking agent.
  • a preferred OGR formula comprises from 7-10% by weight corn zein (dsb); from 0.004-0.005% NaOH; from 2.5-30% glyoxal, and from 7.7-11% sodium dodecyl sulfate with the balance water.
  • a more particularly preferred composition useful for a size press applications such as for the production of food wrappers comprises 10% corn zein (dsb), 0.005% NaOH, 5% glyoxal, 11% sodium dodecyl sulfate with the balance water.
  • an alcohol solution of zein is prepared and sodium hydroxide is added to the solution to raise its pH. Glyoxal is then added at an amount from 0.5 to 3 times the mass of zein and the composition is stirred at 60° C. for an hour before the addition of a sodium dodecyl sulfate/water solution. The alcohol is then evaporated leaving an aqueous solution at 20% solids.
  • Formulations of the present invention can then be coated onto a standard base-sheet to provide for oil and grease resistance. While prolamines have been shown to impart oil and grease resistance in paper products, it is surprising that, the presence of significant amounts of surfactants with a prolamine does not appear to reduce oil and grease resistance in the resulting coated product. As a further aspect of the invention, the application of a surfactant only aqueous formulation lacking a prolamine provides oil and grease resistance.
  • Testing for oil and grease resistance involves using a Gardco Automatic drawdown machine to create a 60 ⁇ m film upon a lightweight, uncoated sheet of paper.
  • This film typically contains the starch and zein/SDS formulation, coating a specific area with a uniform thickness which is allowed to dry completely before further testing.
  • the base sheets are tested for oil and grease resistance using the TAPPI T-559 test which is also known as the 3M Kit test and measures the resistance to oil, grease and solvent penetration of materials treated with these formulations.
  • the test solutions contain varying ratios of three different solvents rated from 1 to 12; 1 being the least oil and grease resistant and 12 being the most resistant.
  • a coated sheet is placed on a clean, flat surface and a drop of test solution is released from a height of 25mm onto the sheet that has been coated with the composition. After 15 seconds, the excess fluid is wiped away and the wetted area is examined. A darkening or spotting of the sheet indicates a failure.
  • the Kit Rating is the highest numbered solution that stands on the surface without causing a failure. Kit testing has a standard error of ⁇ 1.
  • a value of 3 to 4 is the target value for a food wrapper applications.
  • zein was dissolved in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) using 10 g zein from Sigma Chemical plus 90 g of 5% w/w sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) from Sigma Aldrich in water, stirred at 55° C. for 10 minutes and then allowed to cool to room temperature. The fluid was uniform and the protein was fully dissolved in solution.
  • SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate
  • Penford Gums are hydroxyethyl-functionalized starches that provide film-forming and water holding benefits.
  • a preferred Penford gum is Penford® Gum 270 (PG270) wherein the trade name indicates the level of ethylation and the viscosity under defined conditions that result after gelatinization.
  • a coating was prepared with cooked PG270 at 7.81% solids and different amounts of Zein/SDS concentrate at 35.89% solids were added together up to a total weight of 100 g. The amount of starch added was lowered to account for the increasing levels of concentrate.
  • Penford® Gum 380 (PG380) is a hydroxyethylated starch with a higher degree of substitution than Penford® Gum 270 (PG270).
  • the coatings were prepared the same as with the PG270 samples.
  • Example 2 The results show that the increase in percent solids may have had a large effect on the Kit test values and need to be tightly controlled.
  • the level of total solids is held constant as relative amounts of the constituents were varied.
  • the table indicates that as the level of zein and SDS is increased, the Kit test values also increase.
  • a preferred composition comprises about 7.5 g starch, 1.2 g zein, 1.2 g SDS per 100 g of total aqueous suspension.
  • Preferred compositions of the invention comprise between 8 to 15% by weight zein/corn prolamine.
  • Other preferred compositions of the invention comprise between 8 to 30% by weight Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS).
  • a coating composition comprising glyoxal crosslinking agent and zein isolated from corn gluten meal.
  • Dried corn gluten meal was screened and 500-850 micron sized meal recovered.
  • Zein was extracted with an ethanol/water solution and recovered at an ⁇ 8.5% dry solids basis.
  • Sodium hydroxide was added at ⁇ 3% NaOH w/w of zein dsb extract and glyoxal was then added at a 0.5-1.0:1.0 w/w ratio to zein and the mixture was held for 1 hour at 60° C. with agitation at a pH between 7-8.
  • coating compositions having differing proportions of zein-glyoxal blends were combined with different proportions with Penford Gum 270 ethylated starch at approximately 7% solids with and used to coat sheets according to the method of Example 1.
  • the formulations were mixed and held at 70° C. during draw downs and the drawdown machine speed was set at 4.0 with a stroke length of 12 inches.
  • the rod used was changed as needed to achieve the desired pickup of 2.5-3.5 dry grams per 3000 square feet.
  • the resulting coated sheets were dried on a hot plate set to 65° C.
  • Kit testing was conducted on three sheets, at coat weight for each formulation.
  • the value reported in Table 9 below is the highest numbered test solution that passed consistently i.e. that is a minimum of three out of four drops on a given sheet.
  • coating compositions were made from mixing Penford® Gum 270 paste, at approximately 7% solids, with glyoxal-prolamine blends at ratios of 99:1 (as is) and were used to draw coat sheets at different glyoxal to zein ratios.
  • the formulations were mixed and held at 70° C. during draw downs and the drawdown machine speed was set at 4.0 with a stroke length of 12 inches.
  • the rod used was changed as needed to achieve the desired pickup of 2.5-3.5 dry grams per 3000 square feet and the coated sheets were dried on a hot plate set to 65° C.
  • Kit testing was conducted on three sheets, at coat weight for each formulation.
  • the value reported in Table 10 below is the highest numbered test solution that passed consistently i.e. that is a minimum of three out of four drops on a given sheet.
  • the data show that the compositions of the invention are comparable to and superior to commercially available fluorochemical grease barrier compounds Cartafluor® and Solvera® PT5045 applied at comparable pickups.
  • coating compositions were made from mixing Penford Gum 270 paste, at approximately 7% solids, with glyoxal-prolamine blends at ratios of 99/1 (as is) and were used to draw coat sheets at different glyoxal to zein ratios.
  • the formulations were mixed and held at 70° C. during draw downs and the drawdown machine speed was set at 4.0 with a stroke length of 12 inches.
  • the rod used was changed as needed to achieve the desired pickup of 2.5-3.5 dry grams per 3000 square feet and the coated sheets were dried on a hot plate set to 65° C.
  • Kit testing was conducted on three sheets, at coat weight for each formulation.
  • the value reported in Table 11 below is the highest numbered test solution that passed consistently i.e. that is a minimum of three out of four drops on a given sheet.
  • phosphorus oxychloride POCl 3 was used to crosslink zein and the resulting crosslinked zein was combined at various ratios with Penford® Gum 270 ethylated starch at approximately 7% solids with and used to coat sheets according to the methods of claim 1 .
  • the formulations were mixed and held at 70° C. during draw downs and the drawdown machine speed was set at 4.0 with a stroke length of 12 inches.
  • the rod used was changed as needed to achieve the desired pickup of 2.5-3.5 dry grams per 3000 square feet.
  • the resulting coated sheets were dried on a hot plate set to 65° C.
  • Kit testing was conducted on three sheets, at coat weight for each formulation.
  • the value reported in Table 12 below is the highest numbered test solution that passed consistently i.e. that is a minimum of three out of four drops on a given sheet.
  • gluteraldehyde was used to crosslink zein and the resulting crosslinked zein was combined at various ratios with Penford® Gum 270 ethylated starch at approximately 7% solids with and used to coat sheets according to the methods of claim 1 .
  • the formulations were mixed and held at 70° C. during draw downs and the drawdown machine speed was set at 4.0 with a stroke length of 12 inches.
  • the rod used was changed as needed to achieve the desired pickup of 2.5-3.5 dry grams per 3000 square feet.
  • the resulting coated sheets were dried on a hot plate set to 65° C. Kit testing was conducted on three sheets, at coat weight for each formulation.
  • the zein formulations were pale yellowish white at a starch to active ratio of 99:1. When the ratio was increased to 95/5, the color of the formulation became a brighter yellow. However, no color was observed on the coated sheets.
  • the value reported in Table 13 below is the highest numbered test solution that passed consistently i.e. that is a minimum of three out of four drops on a given sheet.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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US13/296,924 US20120125231A1 (en) 2010-11-15 2011-11-15 Coating Formulation

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CN109371752A (zh) * 2017-06-30 2019-02-22 吴彬 一种纸张用表面施胶剂
US10689566B2 (en) 2015-11-23 2020-06-23 Anavo Technologies, Llc Coated particles and methods of making and using the same
US10982013B2 (en) 2014-06-02 2021-04-20 Anavo Technologies, Llc Modified biopolymers and methods of producing and using the same
US11365046B2 (en) * 2016-03-31 2022-06-21 Swiss Coffee Innovation Ag Capsule containing beverage powder, in particular for preparing brewed coffee
US20230398760A1 (en) * 2022-06-08 2023-12-14 Conagra Foods Rdm, Inc. Fluorochemical-free microwave popcorn package and production process
US20240408643A1 (en) * 2023-06-07 2024-12-12 Traceless Materials Gmbh Process for producing a coated material, in particular a coating layer of a prolamin-based material

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CN108452314A (zh) * 2018-03-23 2018-08-28 合肥工业大学 Osa改性小麦醇溶蛋白纳米颗粒及其制备方法与应用

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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10982013B2 (en) 2014-06-02 2021-04-20 Anavo Technologies, Llc Modified biopolymers and methods of producing and using the same
US10689566B2 (en) 2015-11-23 2020-06-23 Anavo Technologies, Llc Coated particles and methods of making and using the same
US11365046B2 (en) * 2016-03-31 2022-06-21 Swiss Coffee Innovation Ag Capsule containing beverage powder, in particular for preparing brewed coffee
CN109371752A (zh) * 2017-06-30 2019-02-22 吴彬 一种纸张用表面施胶剂
US20230398760A1 (en) * 2022-06-08 2023-12-14 Conagra Foods Rdm, Inc. Fluorochemical-free microwave popcorn package and production process
US20240408643A1 (en) * 2023-06-07 2024-12-12 Traceless Materials Gmbh Process for producing a coated material, in particular a coating layer of a prolamin-based material

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