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US20110240628A1 - Glow plug with permanent displacement resistant probe tip joint - Google Patents

Glow plug with permanent displacement resistant probe tip joint Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110240628A1
US20110240628A1 US13/052,282 US201113052282A US2011240628A1 US 20110240628 A1 US20110240628 A1 US 20110240628A1 US 201113052282 A US201113052282 A US 201113052282A US 2011240628 A1 US2011240628 A1 US 2011240628A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
shell
glow plug
heater probe
leg
flex joint
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/052,282
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English (en)
Inventor
Sandro Goretti
John A. Burrows
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Federal Mogul Ignition LLC
Original Assignee
Federal Mogul Ignition Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Federal Mogul Ignition Co filed Critical Federal Mogul Ignition Co
Priority to US13/052,282 priority Critical patent/US20110240628A1/en
Assigned to FEDERAL-MOGUL IGNITION COMPANY reassignment FEDERAL-MOGUL IGNITION COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BURROWS, JOHN A., GORETTI, SANDRO
Publication of US20110240628A1 publication Critical patent/US20110240628A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to glow plugs, and more particularly to ceramic glow plugs.
  • Ceramic glow plugs typically have an outer metal shell with a ceramic heater probe fixed partially therein.
  • the heater probe extends axially outwardly from the shell to a distal probe tip and axially into the shell to a proximal end configured for attachment to a center electrode.
  • the heater probe is preferably maintained in coaxial alignment with a central axis of the metal shell and the center electrode, such that the distal probe tip extends into the cylinder bore in an intended location to insure optimal ignition results.
  • the heater probe can be plastically deformed by being bent out of axial alignment with central axis of the shell and center electrode, such as during assembly or handling in general. When this occurs, the glow plug is generally rendered inoperable.
  • a glow plug constructed in accordance with the invention has a heater probe that can be axially misaligned relative to a central axis of an outer shell and of a center electrode within the shell by an externally applied radial force, and thereafter return automatically substantially to its original axially aligned configuration with the central axis of the shell and center electrode upon removing the applied force without the glow plug being damaged.
  • the metal outer shell has a through bore extending along the central axis between a proximal end and a distal end.
  • the center electrode is received in the though bore and extends along the central axis.
  • the heater probe is attached in electrical communication with the center electrode in the through bore and extends along the central axis axially outwardly from the distal end of the shell.
  • An annular flex joint provides the sole source of attachment of the outer shell to the heater probe.
  • the flex joint has one end attached to the outer shell adjacent the distal end and another end attached to the heater probe.
  • the flex joint has an annular leg extending radially between the outer shell and the heater probe.
  • the flex joint has a reverse folded portion extending axially between the outer shell and heater probe.
  • the flex joint has a double, Z-shaped reverse folded portion extending axially between the outer shell and heater probe.
  • FIGS. 1A-1D illustrates a test to assess the ability of a glow plug heater probe to withstand a force applied laterally to the heater probe tip
  • FIG. 2 shows a glow plug constructed in accordance with one aspect of the invention.
  • FIGS. 3A-3G show enlarged cross-sectional views of various configurations of the area designated 3 A- 3 G in FIG. 2 in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a glow plug 10 constructed in accordance with one presently preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the glow plug 10 has an annular outer metal shell 12 with an inner surface 13 bounding a through bore 14 which extends along a longitudinal central axis 15 of the shell 12 between a proximal end 17 and a distal end 19 .
  • the metal shell 12 may be formed from any suitable metal, such as various grades of steel, and may also incorporate a plating or coating layer, such as a nickel or nickel alloy coating on an exterior, also referred to as outer surface 16 , and the bore 14 , to improve the resistance of shell 12 to high temperature oxidation and corrosion.
  • the glow plug 10 also includes a heater assembly 18 .
  • the heater assembly 18 has a heater probe 20 and a center electrode 22 attached to the heater probe 20 .
  • an annular flex joint as shown in various configurations in FIGS. 3A-3G , and indicated as 24 in FIG. 3A , fixes the heater probe 20 to the shell 12 .
  • the flex joint 24 allows the heater probe 20 to temporarily flex elastically out of axial alignment with the longitudinal axis 15 relative to the outer shell 12 and the center electrode under an externally applied force (F) over a lateral displacement (D 1 ), while automatically biasing the heater probe 20 back to, or substantially back to, its axially aligned position relative to the shell 12 and center electrode 22 ( FIG.
  • the heater probe 20 upon being bent out of axial alignment from the longitudinal axis 15 can return automatically back to axial alignment with the axis 15 , and thus, can withstand inadvertent bending without becoming permanently or plastically deformed or otherwise damaged.
  • the flex joint 24 is preferably constructed of a material having a relatively low Young's modulus and high yield strength.
  • the material preferably is selected having a thermal expansion coefficient closely matched with the material of the heater probe 20 , such as Kovar, Thermospan, Incoloy 903, Inconel 718 or the like, to allow direct attachment of the flex joint 24 to the heater probe 20 .
  • the flex joint 24 can be attached to the shell 12 by an interference fit, brazing, or welding, for example, and to the heater probe 20 by brazing, particularly for ceramic probes, and by an interference fit, brazing or welding, particularly for metal probes.
  • the flex joint 24 extends between opposite free ends 26 , 28 , wherein one free end 26 extends radially outwardly from the axis 15 and is attached directly to the inner surface 13 of the shell 12 in a butt joint immediately adjacent the free distal end 19 of the shell 12 .
  • the free end 19 is shown having an annular chamfered surface, also referred to as nose 42 , that extends obliquely to the central axis 15 generally toward the proximal end 17 of the shell 12 to, or substantially to the outer surface 16 of the shell.
  • the flex joint 24 has a single reverse fold 30 , with an annular leg 32 extending axially and generally parallel with the axis 15 from the free end 26 toward the center electrode 22 to the reverse fold 30 and another annular leg, also referred to as an annular collar 34 , extending axially and generally parallel with the axis 15 from the reverse fold 30 toward a free end or tip 36 of the heater probe 20 .
  • the leg 32 extends axially between the shell 12 and the collar 34 in detached relation therefrom with an annular gap or space 37 being formed between the leg 32 and shell 12 and an annular space being formed between the leg 32 and collar 34 .
  • the collar 34 has an inner, radially inwardly facing annular surface 38 that is attached to an outer surface 40 of the heater probe 20 .
  • the bond is formed via one of the mechanisms discussed above and extends substantially along the length of the collar 34 , wherein the collar 34 extends from the reverse fold 30 within the through bore 14 of the shell 12 axially outwardly of the shell 12 .
  • the length of the collar 34 is received in the through bore 14 and about 1 ⁇ 2 the length extends axially outwardly from the through bore 14 .
  • the heater probe 20 when an external force is applied to the heater probe 20 , such as shown in FIGS. 1A-1D , the heater probe 20 is able to flex laterally relative to the axis 15 in an elastic mode of deformation such that the heater probe 20 is able to return automatically to, or substantially to its original non-flexed position in coaxial alignment with the axis 15 .
  • the distance of lateral displacement permitted by the flex joint 24 without encountering permanent or plastic deformation of the heater probe 20 relative to the axis 15 is about 1.5 mm.
  • the relatively high degree of elastic deformation is provided by the areas of the flex joint 24 that are free and unattached from the heater probe 20 and shell 12 , with particular regard to the leg 32 .
  • FIG. 3B Another flex joint 124 constructed in accordance with the invention is shown in FIG. 3B , wherein similar reference numerals, offset by a factor of 100, are used to identify like features as discussed above.
  • the flex joint 124 extends between opposite free ends 126 , 128 , wherein one free end 126 extends radially outwardly from the axis 115 and is everted over a chamfered nose 142 of a shell 112 with a surface 44 immediately adjacent the free end 126 being attached in bonded relation directly to the chamfered nose 142 and extending flush with or substantially flush with an outer surface 116 of the shell 112 .
  • the flex joint 124 has a single reverse fold 130 , with a pair of an annular legs 132 , 132 ′ extending generally axially and generally parallel to one another, although in a slight angular relation with the axis 115 , from the reverse fold 130 toward a tip 136 of the heater probe 120 .
  • the leg 132 ′ transitions to a cylindrical collar 134 adjacent the nose 142 , wherein the collar 134 is attached to an outer surface 140 of the heater probe as discussed above with regard to the collar 34 .
  • the legs 132 , 132 ′ extend generally axially between the shell 112 and the heater probe 120 in detached relation therefrom with a pair of annular gaps or spaces 137 , 137 ′ being formed between the legs 132 , 132 ′ and shell 112 and heater probe 120 , respectively, and an annular space 139 being formed between the legs 132 , 132 ′, wherein the spaces 137 , 137 ′, 139 are radially aligned with one another.
  • the collar 134 has an inner, radially inwardly facing surface 138 that is attached to the outer surface 140 of the heater probe 120 . The bond is formed via one of the mechanisms discussed above and extends substantially along the length of the collar 134 , wherein the collar 134 extends from adjacent the nose 142 axially away from the shell 112 .
  • FIG. 3C Another flex joint 224 constructed in accordance with the invention is shown in FIG. 3C , wherein similar reference numerals, offset by a factor of 200, are used to identify like features as discussed above.
  • the flex joint 224 is similar the flex joint 124 , however, rather than having a lip everted over a nose of a shell 212 , a surface 244 adjacent a free end 226 is attached to an inner surface 213 of the shell 212 adjacent the nose 242 , with the free end 226 shown being flush with the nose 213 , by way of example and without limitation.
  • the flex joint 224 is the same as the flex joint 124 , including having a single reverse fold 230 , with a pair of an annular legs 232 , 232 ′ extending generally axially in generally parallel relation with one another, although in a slight angular relation with the axis 215 , from the reverse fold 230 toward a tip 236 of the heater probe 220 .
  • the leg 232 ′ transitions to a cylindrical collar 234 , wherein the collar 134 is attached to an outer surface 240 of the heater probe 220 .
  • a pair of annular gaps or spaces 237 , 237 ′ are formed between the legs 232 , 232 ′ and shell 212 and heater probe 220 , respectively, and an annular space 239 is formed between the legs 232 , 232 ′.
  • a radially inwardly facing surface 238 of the collar 234 is attached to the outer surface 240 of the heater probe 220 , wherein the bond is formed via one of the mechanisms discussed above.
  • FIG. 3D Another flex joint 324 constructed in accordance with the invention is shown in FIG. 3D , wherein similar reference numerals, offset by a factor of 300, are used to identify like features as discussed above.
  • the flex joint 324 is similar the flex joint 24 of FIG. 3A , however, rather than having a free end 326 attached to an inner surface 313 of a shell 312 , a radially outward facing surface 344 of a radially outer first leg, also referred to as outer collar 334 ′, is attached to the inner surface 313 of the shell 312 , while a radially inner second leg, also referred to as inner collar 334 , is attached to an outer surface 340 of the heater probe 320 as discussed above for FIG. 3A .
  • the outer collar 334 ′ and inner collar 334 are attached along their full length to the respective inner surface 313 and outer surface 340 .
  • the outer collar 334 ′ provides the flex joint 324 with a pair of reverse folds 330 , 330 ′ with an annular third leg 332 extending axially and generally parallel with the axis 315 .
  • the third leg 332 extends axially between the outer collar 334 ′ and the inner collar 334 in detached, radially spaced relation therefrom.
  • An annular gap or space 337 is formed between the leg 332 and outer collar 334 ′ and an annular space 339 is formed between the leg 332 and the inner collar 334 .
  • leg 332 and outer collar 334 ′ are spaced radially from one another and the leg 332 and the inner collar 334 are spaced radially from one another.
  • the collars 334 ′, 334 and third leg 332 are in radially aligned configuration with one another forming a generally Z-shaped wall in axial cross-section such that the gaps 337 , 339 are also radially aligned with one another.
  • the inner collar 334 is attached to the heater probe 320 as discussed above with regard to FIG. 3A .
  • FIG. 3E Another flex joint 424 constructed in accordance with the invention is shown in FIG. 3E , wherein similar reference numerals, offset by a factor of 400, are used to identify like features as discussed above.
  • the flex joint 424 is similar the flex joint 324 of FIG.
  • outer collar 434 ′ rather than having the full length of an outer first leg, also referred to as outer collar 434 ′, attached to an inner surface 413 of a shell 412 , only a portion of the outer collar 434 ′ immediately adjacent a free end 426 is attached to the inner surface 413 , while a portion of the outer collar 434 ′ adjacent a reverse fold 430 ′ located adjacent and radially inwardly from a nose 442 remains detached radially inward from the inner surface 413 of the shell 412 .
  • inner collar 434 rather than having the full length of an inner second leg, also referred to as inner collar 434 , attached to an outer surface 440 of a heater probe 420 , only a portion of the inner collar 434 immediately adjacent a free end 428 is attached to the outer surface 440 , while a portion of the inner collar 434 adjacent a reverse fold 430 located between the shell 412 and the heater probe 420 remains detached from the outer surface 440 of the heater probe 420 .
  • the outer collar 434 ′ provides the flex joint 424 with a pair of reverse folds 430 , 430 ′ with an annular third leg 432 extending axially and generally parallel, though slightly angled with respect to an axis 415 .
  • the third leg 432 extends axially between the outer collar 434 ′ and the inner collar 434 in detached relation therefrom.
  • An annular gap or space 437 is formed between the third leg 432 and outer collar 434 ′ and an annular space 439 is formed between the third leg 432 and the inner collar 434 .
  • the collars 434 ′, 434 and third leg 432 are in radially aligned configuration with one another forming a generally Z-shaped wall in axial cross-section such that the gaps 437 , 439 are also radially aligned with one another.
  • FIG. 3F Another flex joint 524 constructed in accordance with the invention is shown in FIG. 3F , wherein similar reference numerals, offset by a factor of 500, are used to identify like features as discussed above.
  • the flex joint 524 has similarities to the flex joint 24 of FIG. 1 , in that it extends between opposite free ends 526 , 528 , wherein one free end 526 extends radially outwardly from an axis 515 and is attached directly to an inner surface 513 of the shell 512 in a butt joint.
  • a leg 532 extends radially inwardly generally transverse to the axis 515 and transitions directly to a cylindrical leg portion, also referred to as collar 534 .
  • the collar 534 extends axially outwardly from a distal end 519 of the shell 512 toward a tip 536 of the heater probe 520 and is fixed along its full axially extending length to an outer surface 540 of the heater probe 520 as discussed above with regard to the collar 34 of FIG. 3A .
  • the radially extending annular leg 532 that provides the freedom to flex. Accordingly, the degree of elastic flex can be regulated by controlling the length of the leg 532 , with the flex increasing and decreasing as the length is increased and decreased, respectively.
  • FIG. 3G Another flex joint 624 constructed in accordance with the invention is shown in FIG. 3G , wherein similar reference numerals, offset by a factor of 600, are used to identify like features as discussed above.
  • the flex joint 624 is similar to the flex joint 524 , having opposite free ends 626 , 628 , wherein one free end 626 extends radially outwardly from an axis 615 and is attached directly to an inner surface 613 of the shell 612 in a butt joint.
  • a leg 632 extends radially inwardly generally transverse to the axis 515 and transitions directly to a cylindrical second end, also referred to as collar 634 .
  • the collar 634 extends axially toward a tip 636 of the heater probe 620 and is fixed to an outer surface 640 of the heater probe 620 via one of the mechanisms discussed above with regard to the collar 34 of FIG. 3A .
  • a distal portion of the collar 634 immediately adjacent the free end 628 is attached to the heater probe 620 .
  • An axially proximal portion of the collar 634 immediately adjacent the leg 632 remains spaced radially from and detached from the heater probe 620 , with an annular space 637 ′ preferably being formed between the collar 634 and the heater probe 620 . Accordingly, an increase degree of angular elastic deflection is provided by the gap 637 ′.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
US13/052,282 2010-03-19 2011-03-21 Glow plug with permanent displacement resistant probe tip joint Abandoned US20110240628A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/052,282 US20110240628A1 (en) 2010-03-19 2011-03-21 Glow plug with permanent displacement resistant probe tip joint

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US31543910P 2010-03-19 2010-03-19
US13/052,282 US20110240628A1 (en) 2010-03-19 2011-03-21 Glow plug with permanent displacement resistant probe tip joint

Publications (1)

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US20110240628A1 true US20110240628A1 (en) 2011-10-06

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US13/052,282 Abandoned US20110240628A1 (en) 2010-03-19 2011-03-21 Glow plug with permanent displacement resistant probe tip joint

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US (1) US20110240628A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011116366A1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130321000A1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 General Electric Company Rotational clearance measurement system and method of operation
US20140055126A1 (en) * 2012-08-24 2014-02-27 Nicholas C. Seeley Systems and methods for rotor angle measurement in an electrical generator
JP2014092319A (ja) * 2012-11-02 2014-05-19 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd グロープラグ及びグロープラグの製造方法
JP2015092135A (ja) * 2012-05-02 2015-05-14 日本特殊陶業株式会社 圧力センサ付きグロープラグ
US20160177909A1 (en) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-23 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Glow plug with pressure sensor
US9800055B2 (en) 2016-01-21 2017-10-24 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Synchronization of generators using a common time reference
US10063124B2 (en) 2015-12-10 2018-08-28 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Shaft mounted monitor for rotating machinery
US20190128778A1 (en) * 2015-11-05 2019-05-02 Continental Automotive France Cavitation anti-resonance and anti-soot end piece for pressure sensor of an internal combustion engine
US10317467B2 (en) 2014-05-19 2019-06-11 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Synchronous machine monitoring and determination of a loss-of-field event using time stamped electrical and mechanical data
US10523150B2 (en) 2016-09-15 2019-12-31 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Systems and methods for motor slip calculation using shaft-mounted sensors
US20210394811A1 (en) * 2015-11-11 2021-12-23 Autoliv Development Ab Vehicle Steering Wheel

Families Citing this family (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012207856B4 (de) * 2012-05-11 2021-12-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Membran für eine Druckmesseinrichtung
JP5989410B2 (ja) * 2012-06-01 2016-09-07 日本特殊陶業株式会社 圧力センサ付きグロープラグ及びその製造方法

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US20070289370A1 (en) * 2006-06-20 2007-12-20 Denso Corporation Combustion pressure sensor

Family Cites Families (3)

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DE102004012673A1 (de) * 2004-03-16 2005-10-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze mit elastisch gelagertem Glühstift
JP4487853B2 (ja) * 2004-05-26 2010-06-23 株式会社豊田中央研究所 グロープラグ
DE102006059691A1 (de) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glühstiftkerze

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070289370A1 (en) * 2006-06-20 2007-12-20 Denso Corporation Combustion pressure sensor

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
English Language Translation of DE102006059691 (Cited by Applicant in IDS) *
English Language Translation of JP2006010306 (Cited by Applicant in IDS) *

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015092135A (ja) * 2012-05-02 2015-05-14 日本特殊陶業株式会社 圧力センサ付きグロープラグ
US9068549B2 (en) 2012-05-02 2015-06-30 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Glow plug with pressure sensor
US8970228B2 (en) * 2012-05-31 2015-03-03 General Electric Company Rotational clearance measurement system and method of operation
US20130321000A1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 General Electric Company Rotational clearance measurement system and method of operation
US20140055126A1 (en) * 2012-08-24 2014-02-27 Nicholas C. Seeley Systems and methods for rotor angle measurement in an electrical generator
US8912792B2 (en) * 2012-08-24 2014-12-16 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Systems and methods for rotor angle measurement in an electrical generator
AU2013305685B2 (en) * 2012-08-24 2015-02-26 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Systems and methods for rotor angle measurement in an electrical generator
JP2014092319A (ja) * 2012-11-02 2014-05-19 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd グロープラグ及びグロープラグの製造方法
US10317467B2 (en) 2014-05-19 2019-06-11 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Synchronous machine monitoring and determination of a loss-of-field event using time stamped electrical and mechanical data
US20160177909A1 (en) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-23 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Glow plug with pressure sensor
US10253982B2 (en) * 2014-12-22 2019-04-09 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Glow plug with pressure sensor
US20190128778A1 (en) * 2015-11-05 2019-05-02 Continental Automotive France Cavitation anti-resonance and anti-soot end piece for pressure sensor of an internal combustion engine
US10753825B2 (en) * 2015-11-05 2020-08-25 Continental Automotive France Cavitation anti-resonance and anti-soot end piece for pressure sensor of an internal combustion engine
US20210394811A1 (en) * 2015-11-11 2021-12-23 Autoliv Development Ab Vehicle Steering Wheel
US11654951B2 (en) * 2015-11-11 2023-05-23 Autoliv Development Ab Vehicle steering wheel
US10063124B2 (en) 2015-12-10 2018-08-28 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Shaft mounted monitor for rotating machinery
US9800055B2 (en) 2016-01-21 2017-10-24 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Synchronization of generators using a common time reference
US10523150B2 (en) 2016-09-15 2019-12-31 Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Systems and methods for motor slip calculation using shaft-mounted sensors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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Owner name: FEDERAL-MOGUL IGNITION COMPANY, MICHIGAN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:GORETTI, SANDRO;BURROWS, JOHN A.;SIGNING DATES FROM 20110611 TO 20110615;REEL/FRAME:026490/0915

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

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