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US20100256050A1 - Composition for preventing virus infection comprising poly-gamma-glutamic acid - Google Patents

Composition for preventing virus infection comprising poly-gamma-glutamic acid Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100256050A1
US20100256050A1 US12/678,027 US67802707A US2010256050A1 US 20100256050 A1 US20100256050 A1 US 20100256050A1 US 67802707 A US67802707 A US 67802707A US 2010256050 A1 US2010256050 A1 US 2010256050A1
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virus
pga
infection
gamma
glutamic acid
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US12/678,027
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Inventor
Moon-Hee Sung
Chul Joong Kim
Haryoung Poo
Young-Ki Choi
Il Han Lee
Dai-Won Yoo
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Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology KRIBB
BioLeaders Corp
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BioLeaders Corp
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Assigned to KOREA RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLEADERS CORPORATION reassignment KOREA RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CHOI, YOUNG-KI, KIM, CHUL JOONG, LEE, IL HAN, POO, HARYOUNG, SUNG, MOON-HEE, YOO, DAI-WON
Publication of US20100256050A1 publication Critical patent/US20100256050A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/74—Synthetic polymeric materials
    • A61K31/785—Polymers containing nitrogen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/164—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
    • A61P31/16—Antivirals for RNA viruses for influenza or rhinoviruses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting or preventing viral infection, which comprises an effective dose of poly-gamma-glutamic acid, and more particularly, to a pharmaceutical composition, a functional food, and a feedstuff additive capable of inhibiting viral infection and preventing viral diseases, which comprise poly-gamma-glutamic acid having an infection-inhibiting effect against viruses, such as an influenza virus, inducing respiratory infection or systemic infection, as an effective ingredient.
  • viruses such as an influenza virus, inducing respiratory infection or systemic infection
  • Influenza virus belongs to the Orthomyxoviridae family, and has 8 RNA fragments, PB2, PB1, PA, HA, NP, NA, M and NS. It is basically composed of a virus envelope having lipid bilayer structure, and an interior nucleocapsid surrounded by external glycoprotein or RNA combined with nucleoprotein.
  • the internal layer of a virus envelope is mainly composed of matrix proteins, and the external layer thereof is composed of lipid materials mostly derived from a host.
  • HA hemagglutinin
  • NA neuraminidase
  • influenza virus induces a bad cold which is an acute respiratory disease, and symptoms thereof are shown after latent period of 1 ⁇ 5 days. Infected people show no symptom in the beginning, but later, they show symptoms such as fever, chill, ache, anorexia and the like. In some cases, it causes viral pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia and the like, which can lead to death. During the past 250 years, there were at least 10 major influenza pandemics, and influenza epidemics caused by type A virus occur at an interval of 2 ⁇ 3 years. Since flu (influenza) is a viral infection of the respiratory system, it is highly contagious and has a high ratio of inapparent infection so that many people are infected at one time.
  • influenza vaccine which is an inactivated vaccine mixed with various vaccines, has some side effects and lasts only for 3 ⁇ 6 months, so that children and old people, who are highly susceptible to influenza, should be vaccinated yearly against flu.
  • ⁇ -PGA Poly-gamma-glutamic acid
  • PGA is a mucous polymer produced by microorganisms.
  • PGA is produced from the genus Bacillus strain isolated from Chungkookjang (Korean traditional fermented soybean food prepared using rice-straw), Natto (Japanese traditional fermented soybean food), Kinema (fermented soybean food prepared in Nepal), etc.
  • ⁇ -PGA produced from the genus Bacillus strain is an edible, water-soluble, anionic and biodegradable polymer substance, which can be used as a raw material for humectants, moisturizers and cosmetics.
  • the present inventors obtained a patent relating to a method for producing ⁇ -PGA using a halophilic Bacillus subtilis var. chungkookjang that produces ⁇ -PGA with high molecular weight (Korean Patent Registration No. 500,796). Also, they obtained patents relating to an anticancer composition, an immune adjuvant and an immune enhancing agent, which contain ⁇ -PGA (Korean Patent Registration Nos. 496,606; 517,114; and 475,406).
  • the present inventors have made extensive efforts to develop a foodstuff additive, a functional food, and a pharmaceutical composition, which have no side effects, is not harmful to the human body and have an infection-inhibiting effect against viruses, such as influenza, inducing respiratory infection or systemic infection, and as a result, found that viral infection could be inhibited when a livestock, to which ⁇ -PGA is administered, was exposed to viral infection, thereby completing the present invention.
  • viruses such as influenza, inducing respiratory infection or systemic infection
  • ⁇ -PGA poly-gamma-glutamic acid
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting viral infection or preventing viral diseases, which comprises an effective dose of poly-gamma-glutamic acid.
  • the present invention provides a functional food for inhibiting viral infection or preventing viral diseases, which comprises an effective dose of poly-gamma-glutamic acid.
  • the present invention provides a feedstuff additive for inhibiting viral infection or preventing viral diseases, which comprises an effective dose of poly-gamma-glutamic acid.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph showing changes in the number of infected mice survived according to the days elapsed from infection.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes in the number of dead mice according to the days elapsed from infection.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing changes in virus titer in lung tissue of mice infected with virus according to the days elapsed from infection.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the weight loss rate of mice infected with virus according to the days elapsed from infection.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating INF- ⁇ increase in macrophages by treatment with poly-gamma-glutamic acid.
  • the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting viral infection or preventing viral diseases, which comprises an effective dose of poly-gamma-glutamic acid.
  • poly-gamma-glutamic acid having an infection-inhibiting effect and a disease preventing effect it is preferable to use poly-gamma-glutamic acid having a molecular weight of 10 kDa ⁇ 15,000 kDa, and more preferably poly-gamma-glutamic acid having a high molecular weight of 3,000 kDa ⁇ 15,000 kDa
  • the virus may be a virus capable of inducing respiratory infection or systemic infection, and the virus is preferably an influenza virus.
  • the inventive pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting viral infection and preventing viral disease can be used to prevent a pandemic influenza, the flu, a cold, throat infection, bronchitis, or pneumonia, caused by the influenza virus.
  • ⁇ -PGA ⁇ -PGA based on 100 parts by weight of the inventive pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting virus infection
  • ⁇ -PGA content is less than 0.2 parts by weight, a virus infection-inhibiting effect cannot be anticipated and in the case where the ⁇ -PGA content is more than 2 parts by weight, an increase of an infection-inhibiting effect according to content increase cannot be anticipated as well as it causes a high cost and thus it is not economically efficient.
  • a dispersive formulation which can be used for spraying individual animals including human or large scale disinfection.
  • ethanol content used for the dispersive formulation is more than 50%, the poly-gamma-glutamic acid may be precipitated, and in the case of less than 1%, the viscosity increases so that dispersion may not occur, thus it is preferable to add ethanol at a concentration of 1 ⁇ 50%.
  • the present invention relates to a functional food for preventing viral infection, which comprises an effective dose of poly-gamma-glutamic acid.
  • the inventive functional food may be in the form of a powder, a granule, a tablet, a capsule, or a drink, and may contain flavor ingredients, natural carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, flagrances, colorants, extenders, stabilizers, antiseptics, and the like.
  • the present invention relates to a feedstuff additive for preventing viral infection, which comprises an effective dose of poly-gamma-glutamic acid.
  • the inventive feedstuff additive can effectively prevent livestock infectious diseases, and can be fed to mammals such as cow, pig, rabbit, horse, goat, dog, cat, deer and the like, and fowl such as chicken, duck, turkey, quail and the like.
  • ⁇ -PGA ⁇ -PGA based on 100 parts by weight of the inventive feedstuff additive
  • PGA content is less than 0.2 parts by weight
  • a virus preventing effect cannot be anticipated
  • ⁇ -PGA content is more than 2 parts by weight
  • an increase of an infection-inhibiting effect according to content increase cannot be anticipated, which causes economic inefficiency due to high costs thereof.
  • a 5 L fermenter containing a 3 L basal medium for ⁇ -PGA production (GS medium containing 5% L-glutamic acid: 5% glucose, 1% (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , 0.27% KH 2 PO 4 , 0.42% Na 2 HPO 4 .12H 2 O, 0.05% NaCl, 0.3% MgSO 4 .7H 2 O, pH 6.8) was inoculated with 1% culture broth of Bacillus subtilis var chungkookjang (KCTC 0697BP) and then cultured at a stirring speed of 150 rpm, an air injection rate of 1 vvm and a temperature of 37° C. for 72 hours. Cells were removed from the culture broth after completion of the culture using a filter press, thus obtaining a ⁇ -PGA-containing sample solution.
  • GS medium containing 5% L-glutamic acid 5% glucose, 1% (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , 0.27% KH 2 PO 4 , 0.42% Na 2 HPO 4 .12H
  • mice Ten, 6-week-old male rats (159.76 ⁇ 199.27 g) and 10 female rats (121.60 ⁇ 138.80 g) were used, and the dose of ⁇ -PGA administered to individual rats was calculated on the basis of body weight measured on the day of administration after fasting. All rats were fasted for about 16 hours but had free access to drinking water before administration, and then they were subjected to forceful oral administration with a single dose of ⁇ -PGA by stomach tube using a disposable syringe (5 ml) having a catheter for oral administration attached thereto, followed by being fed a feedstuff 4 hours after administration.
  • a disposable syringe (5 ml) having a catheter for oral administration attached thereto
  • ⁇ -PGA 100 mg/ml of ⁇ -PGA was orally administered to 2 male rats and 2 female rats, respectively with a single dose of 20 ml/kg, and as a result, no dead rats were observed and thus 2000 mg/20 ml/kg was used as a single dose.
  • An expedient was administered to a control group at the same dose as that of the experimental group to which a test material is administered.
  • the dosage to be administered was set to 20 ml/kg.
  • H1N1 high pathogenicity influenza virus strain (A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1)) was isolated from a mouse which was donated by Prof. Choi, Young-Ki of microbiological laboratory, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University to amplify in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells to use, and 6-week-old female Balb/C mice were used as experimental animals.
  • the isolated virus was diluted in antibiotic-containing PBS to inoculate into 10-day-old embryonated white laying hen's eggs, and then subjected to a stationary culture at 37° C. for 48 hours, from which the allantonic fluid was harvested and amplified virus was used.
  • MDCK cells grown in an alpha-MEM (minimum essential medium, Gibco, USA) medium containing penicillin and streptomycin, and 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS) in a 6 well cell culture plate were washed 3 times with PBS and diluted with a medium in which penicillin and streptomycin (hereinafter referred to as P/S) were contained and FBS was not contained, and then diluted virus was added to each well to infect cells, followed by culturing in a 37° C., 5% CO 2 incubator for 1 hour.
  • P/S penicillin and streptomycin
  • TPCK N-alpha-tosyl-L-phenylalanyl chloromethyl ketone treated-trypsin EDTA not containing FBS and an alpha-MEM medium containing P/S were added to each well to culture in a cell culture incubator. After 24 hours of incubation, the cell culture plate was washed with PBS and fixed using 0.1% noble agar containing medium.
  • the cultured plaques were inoculated into a 24 well plate, in which the prepared MDCK cells were cultured, at a density of one plaque per well, and 0.1% TPCK treated-trypsin EDTA not containing FBS and an alpha-MEM medium containing P/S were added to each well to culture in a cell incubator. After 48 hours of incubation, media collected from each well were centrifuged, and supernatant was infected in a MDCK cell-containing flask prepared by the same method as described above to culture 36 ⁇ 48 hours, and then the resulting culture broth was centrifuged, followed by transferring the resulting supernatant to a micro tube to store in a low temperature freezer ( ⁇ 80° C.) until use for animal experiments.
  • TPCK treated-trypsin EDTA not containing FBS and an alpha-MEM medium containing P/S were added to each well to culture in a cell incubator. After 48 hours of incubation, media collected from each well were centrifuged, and
  • mice to which influenza virus alone was intranasally administered, was used.
  • poly-gamma-glutamic acid ⁇ -PGA
  • ⁇ -PGA poly-gamma-glutamic acid
  • influenza virus was administered the next day, thus inhibiting viral infection.
  • mice were anesthetized using diethyl ether for 30 seconds, and then, 30 ⁇ l ⁇ -PGA (7,000 kDa) having a final concentration of 0.5% was administered to the nasal cavity of each mouse.
  • influenza virus was simultaneously administered to the mice together with the same amount of ⁇ -PGA.
  • mice As an experimental group 2, mice, to which ⁇ -PGA and influenza virus were simultaneously administered on the day when the experimental group 1 was infected with virus, was used. Constitution of the experimental groups are shown in Table 2.
  • the experimental animals were anesthetized using diethyl ether for 30 seconds to intranasally administer 30 ⁇ l of virus to each mouse, and in the groups administered volume A of virus, 2.5 ⁇ 10 5 EID 50 of virus was administered and in the groups administered volume B of virus, 1.25 ⁇ 10 5 EID 50 of virus was administered.
  • mice died on the 7th day after virus administration.
  • mice died on the 12th day after administration in the group administered volume A of virus.
  • mice survived more than 2 weeks after virus administration. It suggests that pre-administration of ⁇ -PGA induces immunity to inhibit viral infection, as well as simultaneous administration helps each individual mouse to survive.
  • HA Haemagglutination
  • the harvested lung tissue was immersed in PBS (500 ⁇ l) containing antibiotics and crushed with small metallic beads sterilized with steam of high-pressure and high-humidity for 3 minutes in a tissue homogenizer.
  • the crushed tissue was centrifuged to obtain supernatant and diluted by log 10 dilution, and then the diluted solution was inoculated into 10-day-old embryonated eggs of white laying hens.
  • the inoculated embryonated eggs were cultured at 37° C. for 48 hours to harvest the allantoic fluid.
  • 50 ⁇ l of the harvested allantoic fluid was added to the first well of a round-bottom 96 well plate, and next each well was log 2 diluted in the same volume of PBS, and then 50 ⁇ l PBS was discarded after dilution of the last well.
  • 50 ⁇ l of PBS containing 0.5% chicken erythrocytes was added to each well and allowed to react for 40 minutes at room temperature.
  • Each titer is the value calculated from log 10 dilution of inoculum solution (200 ⁇ l).
  • Titer is the value calculated from log 10 dilution of inoculum solution (200 ⁇ l).
  • the group administered volume A of virus showed a titer of 5.3
  • the group administered volume B of virus showed a titer of 5, and an increase or decrease in the titer was not shown since all mice died.
  • the group administered volume B of virus showed a gradual decrease in titer with the passage of time.
  • the titer was decreased a little in the experimental group 2.
  • administration of ⁇ -PGA helps an individual mouse overcome infectious disease caused by highly pathogenic virus.
  • titer decrease was higher in the group immunized with ⁇ -PGA 1 day before virus administration, suggesting that immunization with ⁇ -PGA induces resistance against virus.
  • Antibody titers in sera of mice according to dates and each group were measured by the following HI (Haemagglutination Inhibition) test.
  • the antibody titer against virus increased in the experimental group to which virus and ⁇ -PGA were simultaneously administered.
  • the experimental group 2 antibodies started to appear on the 13th day after administration, and increased until the 15th day.
  • antibodies started to appear on the 15th day.
  • the control group since all mice died on the 7th day, only the titer in specimens was measured and antibodies against virus were not shown.
  • the experimental group immunized with ⁇ -PGA the day before virus administration, antibodies were produced relatively late compared to the experimental group 2, but the experimental group 1 showed higher antibody production than that of the group to which ⁇ -PGA and virus were simultaneously administered.
  • the ⁇ -PGA according to the present invention had an immune enhancement effect against virus to inhibit viral infection.
  • H1N1 high pathogenicity influenza virus strain (A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1)) was isolated from a mouse which was donated by Prof. Choi, Young-Ki of microbiological laboratory, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University to amplify in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells to use, and 6-week-old female Balb/C mice were used as experimental animals.
  • a control group was administered influenza virus alone, an experimental group 2 was administered ⁇ -PGA twice, and then administered influenza virus, and an experimental group 3 was simultaneously administered ⁇ -PGA and influenza virus.
  • Influenza virus and ⁇ -PGA were intranasally administered to experimental mice after mice were anesthetized with diethyl ether for 30 minutes, at this time, 30 ⁇ l ⁇ -PGA (7,000 kDa) with a final concentration of 0.5% was intranasally administered to each mouse, and 10 4 EID 50 (30 ⁇ l) of virus was administered.
  • mice per group were used in order to measure mortality rate, 18 mice were used in order to measure changes in the amount of virus according to dates, and 15 mice were used as a control group for the experiment, and changes in body weight were monitored on a daily basis in each group to measure weight change rates as a pathogen indicator.
  • mice in the control group, starting with the death of one mouse 1 week after virus administration, 3 mice died on the 9th day and, on the 12th day, 2 mice with severe pathogenicity remained alive. In the experimental groups 2 and 3, mice only showed mild disease symptoms, and survived more than 12 days after virus administration.
  • mice per group were euthanized at an interval of 2 days (on the 1st day, the 3rd day, the 5th day, the 7th day, the 9th day, and the 12th day after virus administration) to harvest lung tissue and serum of each mouse.
  • Each titer is the value calculated from log 10 dilution of inoculum solution (200 ⁇ l).
  • the virus titer showed the maximum value of 5.5 on the 5th day after administering virus in the control group and the experimental group 3.
  • the virus titer was relatively low on the first day after virus administration, increased until the 5th day, started to decrease after the 5th day of administration, rapidly decreased after the 7th day of administration, and virus was not detected anymore on the 12th day.
  • the titer was the same as that of the control group on the 5th day after administering virus, but started to decrease after the 5th day of administration, rapidly decreased on the 7th day after virus administration like the experimental group 2, and virus was not detected anymore on the 12th day. This suggests that the administered ⁇ -PGA helps an individual mouse to resist viral infection, and thus is effective for an individual mouse to overcome viral infection due to enhanced immunity.
  • weight changes were monitored on a daily basis in each group ( FIG. 4 ). Each value is expressed as a percentage of the decreased rate (weight measured after virus administration/weight measured before virus administration).
  • the poly-gamma-glutamic acid according to the present invention has an immune enhancement effect against influenza virus to inhibit viral infection.
  • interferon beta one of cytokines secreted by macrophages, which mediates innate immune reaction
  • RAW 264.7 (ATCC TIB-71), which is a macrophage cell line of Balb/c mouse, was suspended in a DMEM (added with 100 U/ml penicillin-streptomycin, 10% FBS) medium and dispensed into a 6 well plate at a density of 5 ⁇ 10 5 cells/well to culture in a CO 2 incubator for 12 hours, and then, ⁇ -PGA (7,000 kDa) was diluted to concentrations of 0.1% and 0.5% in a DMEM medium containing no FBS, respectively, to culture for 12 hours.
  • ⁇ -PGA is highly effective to induce macrophage activation, and the macrophage activation is ⁇ -PGA-concentration dependent.
  • ⁇ -PGA induces the secretion of INF- ⁇ secreted by macrophages, which is an indicator of the activation of macrophages playing an important role in immune reaction and virus growth inhibition activity.
  • the present invention has the effect of providing the composition containing ⁇ -PGA as an effective ingredient, which can be used as an animal feedstuff additive or a pharmaceutical agent for preventing influenza virus infection and various viral diseases as well as a pharmaceutical composition and a functional food to promote human health.

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US9095605B2 (en) 2007-09-13 2015-08-04 Bioleaders Corporation Composition for preventing virus infection comprising poly-gamma-glutamic acid
US20170296576A1 (en) * 2016-04-18 2017-10-19 Bioleaders Corporation Method for treating cervical intraepithelial neoplasia using poly-gamma- glutamic acid

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WO2011007864A1 (fr) 2009-07-16 2011-01-20 花王株式会社 Inhibiteur de l’élévation du taux de gip dans le sang
WO2011007865A1 (fr) * 2009-07-16 2011-01-20 花王株式会社 Agent pour l’inhibition de l’augmentation du taux d’insuline postprandiale dans le sang
JP2011178764A (ja) * 2010-03-04 2011-09-15 Ajinomoto Co Inc 腸内ビフィズス菌増殖促進剤および腸管バリア機能改善剤
WO2012096108A1 (fr) 2011-01-12 2012-07-19 花王株式会社 Suppresseur d'élévation du taux de gip dans le sang, suppresseur d'élévation du taux d'insuline dans le sang, agent de réduction du taux de triglycérides dans le sang postprandial, et suppresseur d'élévation du taux de glucose dans le sang
TWI568809B (zh) * 2013-02-12 2017-02-01 東洋紡股份有限公司 病毒不活化劑
KR102091588B1 (ko) * 2013-05-27 2020-03-24 주식회사 바이오리더스 폴리감마글루탐산을 함유하는 점액 분산 또는 수화용 조성물
WO2016056681A1 (fr) * 2014-10-06 2016-04-14 주식회사 바이오리더스 Vecteur d'expression de surface cellulaire de l'antigène du virus de la grippe et micro-organisme transformé par celui-ci
KR102253324B1 (ko) * 2019-11-27 2021-05-18 단디바이오사이언스 주식회사 호흡기 질환의 예방, 개선 또는 치료용 조성물

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AU2007358800B2 (en) 2012-05-10
WO2009035173A1 (fr) 2009-03-19
BRPI0721960A2 (pt) 2014-05-20
EP2187897B1 (fr) 2012-11-07
EP2187897A1 (fr) 2010-05-26
AU2007358800A1 (en) 2009-03-19
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EP2187897A4 (fr) 2010-10-20
CN101873861A (zh) 2010-10-27
US20120010130A1 (en) 2012-01-12

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