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US20100251945A1 - Marine boiler structure - Google Patents

Marine boiler structure Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100251945A1
US20100251945A1 US12/746,251 US74625108A US2010251945A1 US 20100251945 A1 US20100251945 A1 US 20100251945A1 US 74625108 A US74625108 A US 74625108A US 2010251945 A1 US2010251945 A1 US 2010251945A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
superheater
furnace
combustion
air
combustion gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/746,251
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English (en)
Inventor
Junji Imada
Isao Uchida
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Assigned to MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. reassignment MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: IMADA, JUNJI, UCHIDA, ISAO
Publication of US20100251945A1 publication Critical patent/US20100251945A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/40—Arrangements of partition walls in flues of steam boilers, e.g. built-up from baffles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F22B21/02—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from substantially-straight water tubes
    • F22B21/04—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from substantially-straight water tubes involving a single upper drum and a single lower drum, e.g. the drums being arranged transversely
    • F22B21/08—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from substantially-straight water tubes involving a single upper drum and a single lower drum, e.g. the drums being arranged transversely the water tubes being arranged sectionally in groups or in banks, e.g. bent over at their ends
    • F22B21/081—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from substantially-straight water tubes involving a single upper drum and a single lower drum, e.g. the drums being arranged transversely the water tubes being arranged sectionally in groups or in banks, e.g. bent over at their ends involving a combustion chamber, placed at the side and built-up from water tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
    • F22G5/04—Controlling superheat temperature by regulating flue gas flow, e.g. by proportioning or diverting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
    • F23C5/24—Disposition of burners to obtain a loop flame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
    • F23C7/04—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner to obtain maximum heat transfer to wall of combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a marine boiler structure such as a marine boiler, a marine reheat boiler, etc., installed in a vessel.
  • the compactness of the structure is conventionally prioritized in a marine boiler installed in a vessel due to a large constraint on the installation space.
  • a conventional marine boiler 1 shown in FIG. 5 one or a plurality of burners 3 are installed at an upper portion of a furnace 2 .
  • Combustion gas generated by combusting a fuel in the burners 3 sequentially passes through a front bank tube 4 , a superheater 5 , and an evaporator tube bundle (rear bank tube) 6 , which are disposed downstream of the furnace 2 , to carry out heat exchange with fluid such as water, etc. flowing in the tubes.
  • the combustion gas passes through an outlet-side gas duct 7 and is ejected to the exterior of the marine boiler 1 from a gas outlet 8 .
  • reference sign 9 is a fluid drum
  • 10 is a vapor drum
  • 11 and 12 are headers.
  • Patent Citation 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, Publication No. 2002-243106 (see FIG. 1).
  • the above-described imbalance of the combustion gas temperature is caused by the fact that most of the combustion gas flows through the furnace bottom portion of the furnace 2 ; thus, in the temperature distribution of the combustion gas passing through the superheater 5 , the temperature tends to increase toward the center of the lower portion of the superheater. In addition, because there is also a temperature difference in the vapor flowing in the tubes, the temperature increases toward the downstream side where the vapor temperature is higher.
  • the present invention has been conceived in light of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a marine boiler structure that is capable of remedying a non-uniform progression of corrosion by making the temperature distribution of combustion gas that passes through a superheater uniform, and that is capable of reducing the level of NOx contained in the combustion gas.
  • the present invention employs the following solutions.
  • a first aspect of a marine boiler structure is a marine boiler structure configured such that combustion gas generated by combustion in a burner flows from a furnace through a superheater and an evaporator tube bundle, including a bottom air port that supplies part of the combustion air as bottom air from a bottom portion of the furnace, wherein the bottom air port is positioned closer to the superheater relative to a burner center line, and an ejecting direction of the bottom air is set within a range inclined in the burner direction from the vertically upward direction.
  • the bottom air port that supplies part of the combustion air as the bottom air from the furnace bottom portion is provided; the bottom air port is located closer to the superheater relative to the burner center line; and the ejecting direction of the bottom air is set within the range inclined in the burner direction from the vertically upward direction, it is possible to change a flow pattern of the combustion gas in the furnace with the flow of the bottom air. That is, because the flow of the combustion gas heading toward the superheater from the furnace bottom portion is initially pushed in an opposite direction from the superheater due to the flow of the bottom air, flow concentrating on a furnace bottom portion side can be eliminated, and the combustion gas can flow substantially uniformly toward the superheater.
  • injecting the bottom air in this way constitutes a two-stage injection of the combustion air, which is effective in reducing NOx in the combustion gas.
  • the combustion air used as the bottom air be about 30% or less of the total amount of air.
  • the ejecting direction of the bottom air ports be set within in a range between the vertically upward direction (0 degree) and about 45 degrees in the burner direction.
  • the bottom air it is desirable to ensure a high flow rate of about 20 to 100 m/s by 1) setting the number of bottom air ports to be minimally equal to the number of burners, or 2) by using a continuous slit-shape.
  • a second aspect of a marine boiler according to the present invention is a marine boiler structure configured such that combustion gas generated by combustion in a burner flows from a furnace through a superheater and an evaporator tube bundle, including a side air port that supplies part of the combustion air as side air from an upper portion of the furnace, wherein the side air port is positioned closer to the superheater relative to a burner center line, and an ejecting direction of the side air is set within the range inclined toward both the superheater and the burner, with reference to the vertically downward direction.
  • the side air port that supplies part of the combustion air as the side air from the upper portion of the furnace is provided; the side air port is located closer to the superheater relative to the burner center line; and the ejecting direction of the side air is set, with reference to the vertically downward direction, within the range inclined toward both the superheater and the burners, it is possible to change a combustion zone and a flow pattern of the combustion gas in the furnace with the flow of the side air. That is, because the combustion zone in the furnace is adjustable with the flow direction of the side air, for example, when the combustion zone is moved in a direction away from the superheater, flames also move away from the superheater, thus changing the flow pattern of the combustion gas.
  • the combustion air used as the side air be about 30% or less of the total amount of air.
  • the ejecting direction of the side air ports be set within a range of about 30 degrees each in the superheater direction and the burner direction ( ⁇ 30 degrees to +30 degrees) centered around a vertically downward direction (0 degree).
  • the side air ports of the present invention be arranged in the same blast box as the burners.
  • three possible cases are 1) to arrange them directly adjacent to the burners in the same number as the number of burners; 2) to arrange them between the burners in a number one less than the number of burners; or 3) to arrange them adjacent to the burners by providing slits in a continuous port; and, for the side air, it is desirable to ensure a high flow rate of about 20 to 60 m/s.
  • the flow pattern of the combustion gas concentrated at a bottom portion of the furnace can be changed with the influence of bottom air and side air.
  • the combustion gas temperature at a superheater inlet is made uniform and the conventional temperature imbalance can be eliminated or reduced, it is possible to provide a marine boiler structure in which non-uniform corrosion progression concentrated at a lower portion of the superheater is remedied.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of a marine boiler structure according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2A is a plan view of a relevant portion of FIG. 1 , showing an example arrangement of bottom air ports.
  • FIG. 2B is a plant view of a relevant portion, showing a modification of FIG. 2A .
  • FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of a marine boiler structure according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a plan view of a relevant portion of FIG. 3 , showing an example arrangement of side air ports.
  • FIG. 4B is a plan view of a relevant portion, showing a first modification of FIG. 4A .
  • FIG. 4C is a plan view of a relevant portion, showing a second modification of FIG. 4A .
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional marine boiler structure.
  • one or a plurality of burners 3 are installed in a blast box 3 a at an upper portion of a furnace 2 .
  • the burners 3 combust fuel supplied using combustion air and supply generated combustion gas to a downstream heat exchanger.
  • the combustion gas generated in the burners 3 passes through a heat exchanger disposed downstream of the furnace 2 where it performs heat exchange.
  • a front bank tube 4 , a superheater 5 , and an evaporator tube bundle (rear bank tube) 6 are arranged in the heat exchanger in that order, and the combustion gas is heated through heat exchange with fluid, such as water, etc., that is flowing through individual tubes of the heat exchanger.
  • fluid such as water, etc.
  • the combustion gas passes through an outlet side gas duct 7 and is ejected to the exterior of the marine boiler 1 from a gas outlet 8 .
  • reference sign 9 is a fluid drum
  • 10 is a vapor drum
  • 11 and 12 are headers.
  • bottom air ports 20 that supply part of combustion air as bottom air from a furnace bottom portion 2 a of a furnace 2 are provided in a marine boiler 1 A which is configured so that combustion gas generated by combustion in burners 3 flows from the furnace 2 , passing through a superheater 5 and an evaporator tube bundle 6 .
  • the bottom air ports 20 are located closer to the superheater 5 relative to center lines CL of the burners 3 , and in addition, an ejecting direction of the bottom air jetted from the bottom air ports 20 is set within an angular range ⁇ 1 inclined in the direction of the burners 3 from a vertically upward direction.
  • bottom air ports 20 are connected to bottom air ducts 21 formed in the exterior of the furnace 2 , and the combustion air is supplied through these ducts.
  • the bottom air ports 20 are provided, for example as shown in FIG. 2A , in the same number as the number of burners 3 , thereby setting the flow rate at which the bottom air is jetted high. That is, the bottom air ports 20 are arranged in positions directly adjacent to the burners 3 in plan view so that part of the combustion air used as the bottom air is injected while maintaining its flow rate at a high flow rate at or above a predetermined value.
  • the amount of the bottom air usable here be about 30% or less of all combustion air. Note that, in order to adequately affect the flow pattern of the combustion gas, described later, for the flow rate of the bottom air injected from the bottom air ports 20 , it is desirable to ensure a high flow rate of about 20 to 100 m/s, depending on various conditions, such as the size of the furnace 2 , etc.
  • the ejection direction of the bottom air ports 20 at positions closer to the superheater 5 than to the burners 3 , be set within a range from 0 degree, i.e., the vertically upward direction, to about 45 degrees toward the burner direction. That is, it is desirable that the angular range ⁇ 1 in FIG. 1 be set within a range approximately between 0 and 45 degrees, so that the flow of bottom air can efficiently push the flow of combustion gas (see two-dot chain-line arrow G in the figure), which tends to concentrate at the furnace bottom portion 2 a , in a direction away from the superheater 5 .
  • the flow pattern of the combustion gas in the furnace 2 can be changed with the flow of bottom air. That is, as shown by a solid-line arrow G 1 in the figure, the flow of combustion gas heading toward the superheater 5 from the furnace bottom portion 2 a is initially pushed in the opposite direction from the superheater 5 due to the flow of bottom air flowing upward. Because of this, with the flow toward the furnace bottom portion 2 a side partially prevented, the combustion gas flows spiraling upward in the furnace 2 ; therefore, a flow that is conventionally concentrated at the furnace bottom portion 2 a side is eliminated, and the combustion gas flows substantially uniformly toward the superheater 5 .
  • the flow pattern of the combustion gas is altered, and the combustion gas flowing from the furnace bottom portion 2 a into the superheater 5 is initially pushed to the opposite side from the superheater 5 , thereby being uniformly pushed towards the superheater 5 side. Accordingly, at a lower portion of the superheater at the furnace bottom portion 2 a side of the superheater 5 , a high temperature gas region where corrosion is accelerated is reduced.
  • the number of bottom air ports 20 is set equal to the number of burners 3 in the above-described embodiment, ports equal to or greater in number than the number of the burners may be provided in order to ensure a high flow rate of the bottom air to be injected.
  • continuous slit-like bottom air ports 20 A in which partitions are appropriately inserted may be used.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4A A second embodiment of a marine boiler structure according to the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 3 and 4A . Note that, identical reference signs are assigned to components similar to those of the above-described embodiment, and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.
  • a marine boiler 1 B is provided with side air ports 30 that supply part of the combustion air as side air from the upper portion of the furnace 2 .
  • the side air ports 30 are provided in the same blast box 3 a as the burners 3 .
  • the side air ports 30 described above are arranged closer to the superheater 5 relative to the burner center line CL, and the ejecting direction of the side air is adjustably set within an angular range ⁇ 2 that inclines toward both the superheater 5 and the burners 3 , with reference to the vertically downward direction. That is, it is preferable that ⁇ 2 in this case be set to about 30 degrees, and therefore, it is desirable to provide an adjusting mechanism with which the side air ports 30 are tiltable within an angular range of ⁇ 30 degrees in the ejecting directions.
  • the number of side air ports 30 provided in the same blast box 3 a as the burners 3 is the same as the number of burners 3 .
  • This is to set the jetted flow rate high for the side air that uses part of the combustion air. That is, in the example shown in the figure, the side air ports 30 are arranged in positions directly adjacent to each burner 3 so that the side air is injected while maintaining the flow rate at a high flow rate at or above a predetermined value.
  • the amount of the bottom air usable here be about 30% or less of all combustion air. Note that, in order to adequately affect the flow pattern of the combustion gas, described later, for the flow rate of the side air injected from the side air ports 30 , it is desirable to ensure a high flow rate about of 20 to 60 m/s, depending on various conditions, such as the size of the furnace 2 , etc.
  • the flames that combust the fuel injected from the burners 3 are also formed at positions away from the superheater 5 . Therefore, the flow pattern of the combustion gas, not to mention the direct influence of the flames on the superheater 5 , can be changed as shown by arrow G 2 in the figure. That is, because the flow of the combustion gas initially forms a flow directed in a direction away from the superheater 5 due to the influence of the side air, the conventional flow concentrated at the furnace bottom portion 2 a is remedied, thereby being changed so as to substantially uniformly flow over the entire surface of the superheater 5 . In other words, it is possible to reduce the temperature imbalance generated at the inlet of the superheater 5 by altering the flow pattern of the combustion gas with the injection of the above-described the side air.
  • the flames can be prevented from inclining toward the superheater 5 in the furnace 2 of the compact marine boiler 1 B.
  • the degree of spreading of the combustion air can be adjusted by injecting the side air from the side air ports 30 described above, it also becomes possible to reduce NOx in the combustion gas.
  • the injection of the side air described above can form, at the tube side of the superheater 5 , an air curtain with the side air at the upper portion thereof.
  • the formation of the air curtain as described above can reduce a bypass flow of the combustion gas that flows so as to pass through the upper portion of the superheater 5 . That is, because the amount of combustion gas that performs heat exchange by passing through the superheater 5 increases, it is also effective for improving the efficiency of the marine boiler 1 B.
  • a number equal to the number of burners 3 is arranged directly adjacent thereto; however, the number and the arrangement are not limited thereto.
  • the number of side air ports 30 is one less than the number of burners 3 , and the side air ports 3 are each arranged between the adjacent burners 3 and 3 .
  • the configuration is such that a continuous side air port 30 A is sectioned by appropriately providing slits 31 and is arranged adjacent to the burners 3 .
  • a high flow rate of about 20 to 60 m/s is also ensured in the jetted side air.
  • the flow pattern of the combustion gas concentrated at the furnace bottom portion 2 a can be changed in a controlled manner with the influence of the bottom air or the side air.
  • the conventional temperature imbalance is eliminated or reduced, promoting a uniform of the combustion gas temperature, and therefore, non-uniformity in the marine boiler structure is remedied with respect to the progression of tube corrosion concentrated at the lower portion of the superheater 5 .
  • the marine boiler structure has a reduced level of NOx in the combustion gas.
  • the marine boiler structure of the present invention it is possible to reduce the imbalance occurring in the inlet temperature of the superheater 5 by controlling the combustion state of the flames and the gas flow pattern through changing the injection methods of the combustion air, and to reduce NOx by injecting the combustion air in stages.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and appropriate alterations are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention; for example, it is also applicable to a marine reheat boiler provided with reheat burners and a reheat furnaces downstream of an evaporator tube bundle 6 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
US12/746,251 2007-12-17 2008-07-11 Marine boiler structure Abandoned US20100251945A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007-324692 2007-12-17
JP2007324692A JP5022204B2 (ja) 2007-12-17 2007-12-17 舶用ボイラ構造
PCT/JP2008/062570 WO2009078191A1 (fr) 2007-12-17 2008-07-11 Structure de chaudière pour navire

Publications (1)

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US20100251945A1 true US20100251945A1 (en) 2010-10-07

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US12/746,251 Abandoned US20100251945A1 (en) 2007-12-17 2008-07-11 Marine boiler structure

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US (1) US20100251945A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2224166A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP5022204B2 (fr)
KR (2) KR101331645B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101883951B (fr)
WO (1) WO2009078191A1 (fr)

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US20100236501A1 (en) * 2007-10-17 2010-09-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Reheat boiler and gas temperature controlling method of reheat boiler

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JP5364534B2 (ja) * 2009-10-28 2013-12-11 三菱重工業株式会社 舶用ボイラ構造
JP5374344B2 (ja) * 2009-12-07 2013-12-25 三菱重工業株式会社 舶用ボイラ構造
JP6549047B2 (ja) * 2016-02-02 2019-07-24 三菱重工業株式会社 ボイラ
JP6879778B2 (ja) * 2017-02-28 2021-06-02 三菱重工マリンマシナリ株式会社 ボイラ及びボイラを備えた船舶並びにイナートガスの生成方法
JP7292898B2 (ja) * 2019-02-22 2023-06-19 三菱重工マリンマシナリ株式会社 ボイラ

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100236501A1 (en) * 2007-10-17 2010-09-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Reheat boiler and gas temperature controlling method of reheat boiler

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EP2224166A1 (fr) 2010-09-01
CN101883951A (zh) 2010-11-10
JP2009145013A (ja) 2009-07-02
KR20130099249A (ko) 2013-09-05
EP2224166A4 (fr) 2014-05-14
JP5022204B2 (ja) 2012-09-12
KR101331645B1 (ko) 2013-11-20
WO2009078191A1 (fr) 2009-06-25
CN101883951B (zh) 2014-04-23
KR20100087365A (ko) 2010-08-04

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