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US20100083677A1 - Economized refrigerant system utilizing expander with intermediate pressure port - Google Patents

Economized refrigerant system utilizing expander with intermediate pressure port Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100083677A1
US20100083677A1 US12/527,625 US52762507A US2010083677A1 US 20100083677 A1 US20100083677 A1 US 20100083677A1 US 52762507 A US52762507 A US 52762507A US 2010083677 A1 US2010083677 A1 US 2010083677A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
expander
heat exchanger
tapped
economizer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/527,625
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English (en)
Inventor
Alexander Lifson
Michael F. Taras
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Assigned to CARRIER CORPORATION reassignment CARRIER CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LIFSON, ALEXANDER, TARAS, MICHAEL F.
Publication of US20100083677A1 publication Critical patent/US20100083677A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/06—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using expanders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/13—Economisers

Definitions

  • This application relates to economized refrigerant systems utilizing an expander as an expansion device, where at least a portion of refrigerant is tapped from a location in the expander at which it has been at least partially expanded, and is used to subcool a main refrigerant flow during heat transfer interaction in an economizer heat exchanger.
  • a single expander can provide both an expansion function for a main expansion device of the refrigerant system, and further, an expansion function for an auxiliary economizer circuit expansion device of the refrigerant system.
  • Refrigerant systems are known, and circulate a refrigerant through a refrigerant cycle to condition a secondary fluid.
  • a compressor compresses a refrigerant and delivers it to a first heat exchanger.
  • Refrigerant from that first heat exchanger passes through an expansion process, at which its pressure is lowered. Downstream of the expansion process, a refrigerant passes through a secondary heat exchanger, and then back to the compressor.
  • a refrigerant flow is tapped from a main refrigerant flow, typically downstream of the first heat exchanger. This tapped refrigerant is passed through an expansion device, and then the expanded tapped refrigerant passes in heat exchange relationship with a main refrigerant flow in an economizer heat exchanger. In this manner, the refrigerant in the main refrigerant flow line is sub-cooled such that it will have a greater heating capacity when it reaches the second heat exchanger. The tapped refrigerant is returned to an intermediate compression point downstream of the economizer heat exchanger.
  • This invention relates to economized refrigerant systems, where a single expander is utilized for refrigerant expansion, and further, where this single expander has at least one intermediate expansion port and provides an expansion function as a main expansion device and as at least one economizer circuit expansion device.
  • the simplest economized refrigerant system configuration with a single economizer circuit has an expander with only one intermediate expansion port. However, for example, if a refrigerant system incorporates more than one economizer circuits, the number of serially located intermediate expander ports can be increased accordingly.
  • a corresponding refrigerant system compressor can consist of multiple serially connected stages or can be a single internally economized compressor (this, for example, is a common arrangement for scroll or screw compressors).
  • An electrical or mechanical connection between the expander and any of the individual compressors or compression stages can be arranged accordingly to recover at least a portion of energy released during the refrigerant expansion process.
  • the expander can also be used to assist in driving any other components within or outside of the refrigerant system.
  • a portion of refrigerant partially expanded by the expander is tapped at the intermediate expansion point and passed through an economizer heat exchanger in heat exchange relationship with a main refrigerant flow to provide additional subcooling to the main refrigerant flow and consequently enhance system performance.
  • a single intermediate pressure tap is formed in the expander to tap at least a portion of the refrigerant for passage through a single economizer heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 1 shows a prior art refrigerant system.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first schematic of an inventive refrigerant system.
  • FIG. 3 shows a second schematic inventive refrigerant system.
  • FIG. 1 An economized refrigerant system 20 , as known in the prior art, is illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • two compressors 22 and 24 arranged serially may operate to provide two sequential stages of compression.
  • a compressed refrigerant passes through a condenser 26 , and eventually through a main expansion device 28 .
  • the expansion device 28 is illustrated as a valve, as mentioned above, it is also known to use an expander instead of the valve 28 . In the latter case, at least a portion of energy could be recovered during the refrigerant expansion process in the expander, for the main portion of the refrigerant passing to the evaporator 30 , where additional thermal potential is also provided to increase the cooling capacity of the refrigerant system 20 due to more efficient isentropic expansion process in the expander.
  • Downstream of the main expansion device 28 the refrigerant passes through an evaporator 30 and then back to the compressor 22 .
  • An economizer heat exchanger 32 is incorporated into the circuitry of the refrigerant system 20 .
  • a tap line 34 taps a portion of the refrigerant from a main liquid line and passes that refrigerant through an economizer expansion device 36 .
  • the partially expanded economizer circuit refrigerant is at a lower pressure and temperature, and thus cools the main refrigerant flow during heat transfer interaction in the economizer heat exchanger 32 .
  • the tapped refrigerant is shown flowing in the same direction through the economizer heat exchanger 32 , it is typical to arrange the refrigerant flows in a counterflow configuration. However, for illustration simplicity, the two refrigerant streams are shown flowing in the same direction in this FIG. 1 .
  • the tapped partially expanded portion of refrigerant is returned through a return line 38 to an intermediate compression point between the compression stages 22 and 24 . While a multi-stage compressor is illustrated in the FIG. 1 , and the economized refrigerant return line 38 is positioned between the two compression stages 22 and 24 , it is also known to return the economized portion of refrigerant to an intermediate point in a single compressor.
  • FIG. 2 provides benefits from the inclusion of the economizer circuit. However, as a minimum it requires a second expansion device 36 . Also, if the expander is used to substitute the main expansion valve 28 , only a portion of the available expansion energy is recovered, since no energy recovery can be obtained from the economized portion of refrigerant passing through the tap line 34 and the economizer circuit expansion valve 36 .
  • the present invention is shown in one example in FIG. 2 .
  • the refrigerant system 40 in FIG. 2 also includes two sequential compressors 42 and 44 .
  • a condenser 46 is positioned upstream of an economizer heat exchanger 48 , and an expander 50 .
  • the expander 50 serves to expand a refrigerant and recover work of expansion, by electrical or mechanical means, as shown schematically at 54 .
  • This recovered energy can be utilized to assist in driving of at least one of the components within or outside of the refrigerant system 40 .
  • the expansion of the refrigerant through an expander 50 produces additional thermal potential for the fully expanded refrigerant entering an evaporator 56 and partially expanded refrigerant entering the heat exchanger 48 , due to a more efficient isentropic expansion process in the expander 50 , thus enhancing performance of the refrigerant system 40 .
  • two compressors are shown in FIG. 2
  • the present invention would also extend to refrigerant systems having a single compressor incorporating vapor injection or more than two sequential compression stages.
  • a portion of the refrigerant is tapped from an intermediate pressure tap 51 in the expander 50 and passed through a line 52 and through the economizer heat exchanger 48 .
  • the intermediate pressure tap point 51 is at a thermodynamic state at which the refrigerant has been at least partially expanded in the expander 50 .
  • the refrigerant from the tap line 52 will subcool the refrigerant in the main liquid line passing through the economizer heat exchanger 48 during heat transfer interaction between these two refrigerant streams.
  • Refrigerant is again returned through a line 53 to the mid-point between the stages 42 and 44 .
  • the main portion of the refrigerant that is not tapped off through the intermediate pressure tap 51 continues to flow through the expander, undergoing further expansion, and thus adding to the expansion process work recovery and providing additional thermal potential to the refrigerant entering the evaporator 56 .
  • an evaporator 56 is positioned downstream of the expander 50 , and the main portion of refrigerant passes through the evaporator 56 and to the compressor 42 .
  • the expander 50 is as known in the art, except it has an additional intermediate pressure tap point 51 to supply a portion of the partially expanded refrigerant to the economizer heat exchanger 48 .
  • the tap 51 may be an additional port in an expander housing that communicates with intermediate expansion point inside the expander.
  • This embodiment achieves the inclusion of the economizer circuit without the need for a separate economizer expansion device (prior art element 36 ) and provides additional recovery of the expansion work benefiting the performance of the refrigerant system 40 .
  • FIG. 3 shows yet another embodiment 140 .
  • the expander 150 has two intermediate pressure tap points located serially with respect to the expansion process.
  • a first economizer circuit and an economizer heat exchanger 142 is supplied with a portion of partially expanded refrigerant from a corresponding tap point 164 leading to a line 144 and a first return line 143 .
  • This embodiment shows the return line 143 leading to a mid-point between the compression stages 42 and 44 .
  • a second economizer heat exchanger 146 is supplied with a portion of further, but not fully, expanded refrigerant form a corresponding tap point 165 leading to a line 148 , and returned to a line 145 .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the return line 145 connecting to an intermediate compression point in the compressor 42 .
  • the FIG. 3 embodiment is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the present invention thus provides at least partially expanded refrigerant for use in an economizer circuit without the need for a separate dedicated economizer expansion device and enhances capacity and efficiency of the refrigerant system.
  • compressor and expander types could be used in this invention.
  • scroll, screw, rotary or reciprocating compressors and expanders can be employed.
  • the refrigerant systems that utilize this invention can be used in many different applications, including, but not limited to, air conditioning systems, heat pump systems, marine container units, refrigeration truck-trailer units, and supermarket refrigeration systems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
US12/527,625 2007-02-26 2007-02-26 Economized refrigerant system utilizing expander with intermediate pressure port Abandoned US20100083677A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2007/062777 WO2008105868A2 (fr) 2007-02-26 2007-02-26 Système réfrigérant économiseur utilisant un détendeur avec orifice de pression intermédiaire

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US (1) US20100083677A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101617182B (fr)
WO (1) WO2008105868A2 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100058783A1 (en) * 2006-12-26 2010-03-11 Alexander Lifson Injection of refrigerant in system with expander
US20100077777A1 (en) * 2006-10-27 2010-04-01 Carrier Corporation Economized refrigeration cycle with expander
US20120167606A1 (en) * 2009-10-07 2012-07-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Refrigeration cycle apparatus
EP2602571A1 (fr) * 2011-12-06 2013-06-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de pompe à chaleur réversible et son procédé de fonctionnement
IT201900006560A1 (it) * 2019-05-07 2019-08-07 Giuseppe Verde Macchina termica a ciclo inverso a compressione di vapore
US10473369B2 (en) 2015-05-15 2019-11-12 Carrier Corporation Staged expansion system and method
US11149971B2 (en) 2018-02-23 2021-10-19 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Climate-control system with thermal storage device
US11346583B2 (en) * 2018-06-27 2022-05-31 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Climate-control system having vapor-injection compressors
JP2023017009A (ja) * 2018-10-02 2023-02-02 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置
US11585608B2 (en) 2018-02-05 2023-02-21 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Climate-control system having thermal storage tank
WO2024076711A1 (fr) * 2022-10-06 2024-04-11 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Système de chauffage, de ventilation, de climatisation et/ou de réfrigération avec opérations de chauffage et de refroidissement

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US20100242532A1 (en) * 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 Johnson Controls Technology Company Free cooling refrigeration system
CN102549361B (zh) 2009-08-14 2014-12-24 江森自控科技公司 自然冷却制冷系统
KR101280381B1 (ko) 2009-11-18 2013-07-01 엘지전자 주식회사 히트 펌프
KR101155494B1 (ko) * 2009-11-18 2012-06-15 엘지전자 주식회사 히트 펌프
CH703290A1 (de) 2010-09-29 2011-12-15 Erik Vincent Granwehr Wärmepumpe.
FR3008031B1 (fr) 2013-07-08 2016-12-30 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Systeme de conditionnement thermique pour vehicule automobile, installation de chauffage, ventilation et/ou climatisation correspondante et procede de pilotage correspondant
CN105004047B (zh) * 2015-07-16 2018-02-02 杭州哲达科技股份有限公司 热泵系统余能回收制取高温热水装置
FR3056289B1 (fr) * 2016-09-16 2018-09-28 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Circuit de gestion thermique pour vehicule automobile
CN109869940B (zh) * 2019-03-26 2024-07-23 天津商业大学 喷射式跨临界二氧化碳双级压缩制冷系统
CN112629089A (zh) * 2020-12-24 2021-04-09 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种热泵系统的控制方法、存储介质和热泵系统

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US4918942A (en) * 1989-10-11 1990-04-24 General Electric Company Refrigeration system with dual evaporators and suction line heating
US5095712A (en) * 1991-05-03 1992-03-17 Carrier Corporation Economizer control with variable capacity
US5722255A (en) * 1996-12-04 1998-03-03 Brasz; Joost J. Liquid ring flash expander
US6694750B1 (en) * 2002-08-21 2004-02-24 Carrier Corporation Refrigeration system employing multiple economizer circuits
US6928828B1 (en) * 2004-01-22 2005-08-16 Carrier Corporation Tandem compressors with economized operation
US7059151B2 (en) * 2004-07-15 2006-06-13 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant systems with reheat and economizer

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RU2196238C2 (ru) * 2000-08-16 2003-01-10 ТУЗОВА Алла Павловна Способ утилизации энергии расширения природного газа
US6898941B2 (en) * 2003-06-16 2005-05-31 Carrier Corporation Supercritical pressure regulation of vapor compression system by regulation of expansion machine flowrate
CN1285863C (zh) * 2004-04-13 2006-11-22 中国科学院理化技术研究所 多压力级混合工质深冷节流制冷系统

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4918942A (en) * 1989-10-11 1990-04-24 General Electric Company Refrigeration system with dual evaporators and suction line heating
US5095712A (en) * 1991-05-03 1992-03-17 Carrier Corporation Economizer control with variable capacity
US5722255A (en) * 1996-12-04 1998-03-03 Brasz; Joost J. Liquid ring flash expander
US6694750B1 (en) * 2002-08-21 2004-02-24 Carrier Corporation Refrigeration system employing multiple economizer circuits
US20040035122A1 (en) * 2002-08-21 2004-02-26 Alexander Lifson Refrigeration system employing multiple economizer circuits
US6928828B1 (en) * 2004-01-22 2005-08-16 Carrier Corporation Tandem compressors with economized operation
US7059151B2 (en) * 2004-07-15 2006-06-13 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant systems with reheat and economizer

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100077777A1 (en) * 2006-10-27 2010-04-01 Carrier Corporation Economized refrigeration cycle with expander
US8528359B2 (en) * 2006-10-27 2013-09-10 Carrier Corporation Economized refrigeration cycle with expander
US20100058783A1 (en) * 2006-12-26 2010-03-11 Alexander Lifson Injection of refrigerant in system with expander
US8356489B2 (en) * 2006-12-26 2013-01-22 Carrier Corporation Injection of refrigerant in system with expander
US20120167606A1 (en) * 2009-10-07 2012-07-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Refrigeration cycle apparatus
EP2602571A1 (fr) * 2011-12-06 2013-06-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de pompe à chaleur réversible et son procédé de fonctionnement
US10473369B2 (en) 2015-05-15 2019-11-12 Carrier Corporation Staged expansion system and method
US11585608B2 (en) 2018-02-05 2023-02-21 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Climate-control system having thermal storage tank
US11149971B2 (en) 2018-02-23 2021-10-19 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Climate-control system with thermal storage device
US11346583B2 (en) * 2018-06-27 2022-05-31 Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. Climate-control system having vapor-injection compressors
JP2023017009A (ja) * 2018-10-02 2023-02-02 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置
JP7473833B2 (ja) 2018-10-02 2024-04-24 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置
US12007150B2 (en) 2018-10-02 2024-06-11 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Refrigeration cycle device
IT201900006560A1 (it) * 2019-05-07 2019-08-07 Giuseppe Verde Macchina termica a ciclo inverso a compressione di vapore
WO2024076711A1 (fr) * 2022-10-06 2024-04-11 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Système de chauffage, de ventilation, de climatisation et/ou de réfrigération avec opérations de chauffage et de refroidissement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008105868A2 (fr) 2008-09-04
CN101617182B (zh) 2012-01-04
HK1140253A1 (en) 2010-10-08
CN101617182A (zh) 2009-12-30
WO2008105868A3 (fr) 2008-11-20

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AS Assignment

Owner name: CARRIER CORPORATION,CONNECTICUT

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:LIFSON, ALEXANDER;TARAS, MICHAEL F.;SIGNING DATES FROM 20070222 TO 20070223;REEL/FRAME:023112/0772

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

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