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US20100069637A1 - CRYSTALLINE SALT FORMS OF A 5,6,7,8-TETRAHYDRO-1,2,4-TRIAZOLO[4,3-a]PYRAZINE DERIVATIVE - Google Patents

CRYSTALLINE SALT FORMS OF A 5,6,7,8-TETRAHYDRO-1,2,4-TRIAZOLO[4,3-a]PYRAZINE DERIVATIVE Download PDF

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US20100069637A1
US20100069637A1 US12/511,503 US51150309A US2010069637A1 US 20100069637 A1 US20100069637 A1 US 20100069637A1 US 51150309 A US51150309 A US 51150309A US 2010069637 A1 US2010069637 A1 US 2010069637A1
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sitagliptin
acid
solvent
xrd
suitable solvent
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US12/511,503
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Stephen Benedict David Winter
Monica Benito Velez
Ernesto Duran Lopez
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Medichem SA
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Medichem SA
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Publication of US20100069637A1 publication Critical patent/US20100069637A1/en
Priority to US13/433,629 priority patent/US8389724B2/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
    • C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics

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  • the present invention relates generally to novel crystalline salt forms of 7-[(3R)-3-amino-1-oxo-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine, i.e. sitagliptin, to processes for their preparation and isolation, and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same.
  • Sitagliptin (Compound I) is the international commonly accepted name for 7-[(3R)-3-amino-1-oxo-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine (which is also known as (2R)-4-oxo-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5,6-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-7(8H)-yl]-1-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butan-2-amine), and has an empirical formula of C 16 H 15 F 6 N 5 O and a molecular weight of 407.31.
  • sitagliptin phosphate is a selective inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV which lowers blood sugar levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes, also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. In the United States, sitagliptin phosphate is marketed under the name JanuviaTM for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes.
  • Sitagliptin phosphate salt and different forms thereof have been disclosed in a number of references (i.e. U.S. Pat. No. 7,326,708, and U.S. Patent Application Nos. 20060287528, 20070021430 and 20070281941).
  • Sitagliptin base and its pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts have been described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,699,871.
  • Example 7 of U.S. Pat. No. 6,699,871 discloses the preparation of sitagliptin base and its hydrochloride salt.
  • Different salt forms of the same pharmaceutically active moiety differ in their physical properties such as melting point, solubility, etc. These properties may appreciably influence pharmaceutical properties such as dissolution rate and bioavailability.
  • polymorphism which is defined as the ability of a substance to crystallize in more than one crystal lattice arrangement, can also influence many aspects of solid state properties of a drug. Different crystal modifications of a substance may differ considerably from one another in many respects such as their solubility, dissolution rate and finally bioavailability.
  • WO 08/000,418 discloses the preparation of sitagliptin hydrochloride in amorphous form.
  • International Patent Publication No. WO 09/085,990 describes other acid addition salts of sitagliptin, i.e. sitagliptin salts of di-p-tolyl-L-tartaric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrobromic acid, methanesulfonic acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, mandelic acid, fumaric acid, and lactic acid.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin galactarate.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin hemi-L-malate.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin D-gluconate.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin succinate.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin hydrobromide.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin thiocyanate.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin oxalate.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin aspartate.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin pyroglutamate.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin glutarate.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin acetate.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin hydrochloride amorphous form.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin citrate amorphous form.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin hemicitrate amorphous form.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin glycolate amorphous form.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin malate amorphous form.
  • the present invention relates generally to novel crystalline salt forms of 7-[(3R)-3-amino-1-oxo-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine, i.e. sitagliptin, to processes for their preparation and isolation, and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same.
  • sitagliptin can exist in a number of crystalline salt forms.
  • sitagliptin galactarate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin hemi-L-malate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin D-gluconate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin succinate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin hydrobromide crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin thiocyanate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin oxalate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin L-aspartate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin pyroglutamate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin glutarate crystalline form (Form I), and sitagliptin acetate crystalline form (Form I).
  • the solid crystalline salt forms of sitagliptin of the present invention have been characterized by means of Powder X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD).
  • sitagliptin of the present invention has been found to be highly stable in terms of polymorphic form after 10 months of storage, which makes them suitable for pharmaceutical formulation use.
  • some of the selected crystalline salt forms of sitagliptin of the present invention exhibit a good solubility profile in water, i.e. equal to or higher than 20 g/L, and hence also show enhanced pharmaceutical properties regarding the dissolution rate and bioavailability.
  • sitagliptin of the invention might be an efficient way of purifying sitagliptin base.
  • sitagliptin can exist in a number of amorphous salt forms.
  • sitagliptin citrate amorphous form sitagliptin citrate amorphous form
  • sitagliptin hemicitrate amorphous form sitagliptin glycolate amorphous form
  • sitagliptin L-malate amorphous form sitagliptin citrate amorphous form
  • the solid amorphous salt forms of sitagliptin of the present invention have been characterized by means of Powder X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD).
  • a first aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin galactarate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • the sitagliptin galactarate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2 ⁇ ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 4.4, 13.2, 19.6, 22.4 and 30.7° and with further peaks at: 14.3, 15.5, 16.5, 17.5, 18.6, 19.0, 23.0, 24.1, 25.4, 26.0, 26.9, 27.1, 34.5 and 37.7°.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin galactarate crystalline Form I.
  • the sitagliptin galactarate Form I of the present invention has been found to be highly stable in terms of polymorphic form after ten months of storage. Also, after ten months of storage, the sitagliptin galactarate Form I of the invention has been found to show an off-white colour and a purity higher than about 99.1%, as determined by HPLC. Further, the sitagliptin galactarate Form I of the invention is sparingly soluble in water (i.e. solubility about 20 g/L).
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin galactarate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with galactaric acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin hemi-L-malate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • the sitagliptin hemi-L-malate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2 ⁇ ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 4.7, 9.5, 14.3, 15.6, 17.4, 18.2, 19.3 and 25.6° and with further peaks at: 12.1, 12.6, 13.3, 13.6, 25.0, 26.6 and 34.3°.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin hemi-L-malate crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin hemi-L-malate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with not more than 0.5 molar equivalents of L-malic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin D-gluconate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • the sitagliptin D-gluconate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2 ⁇ ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 15.7, 16.4, 17.6, 18.6, 18.9, 19.6, 20.6, 20.9, 21.5, 22.9, 24.2 and 24.9° and with further peaks at: 5.0, 7.9, 10.0, 14.4, 15.2, 21.8, 24.5, 25.4, 26.0, 27.9, 28.3, 28.6, 30.6, 31.5, 31.9, 33.2, 34.3, 35.5 and 39.5°.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin D-gluconate crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin D-gluconate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with D-gluconic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin succinate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • the sitagliptin succinate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2 ⁇ ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 13.4, 15.7, 17.3, 20.0, 23.7, 24.4, 25.1, 25.6, 26.2 and 27.9° and with further peaks at: 13.0, 13.0, 14.1, 19.5, 20.4, 21.8 and 23.0°.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin succinate crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin succinate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with succinic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin hydrobromide salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • the sitagliptin hydrobromide Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2 ⁇ ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 5.6, 13.4, 17.6, 18.8, 19.7, 19.7, 21.9, 22.7, 23.0, 24.4, 25.0, 25.9 and 26.4° and with further peaks at: 6.9, 15.0, 15.2, 20.0, 20.5, 21.3, 25.3, 25.5, 27.4, 28.1, 31.1, 32.1, 32.2, 33.3 and 34.4°.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin hydrobromide crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin hydrobromide Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with hydrobromic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin thiocyanate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • the sitagliptin thiocyanate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2 ⁇ ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 7.9, 13.7, 15.8, 17.7, 17.9, 19.4, 22.4, 22.5, 23.3, 25.2, 25.3, 26.9, 31.7 and 45.4° and with further peaks at: 6.2, 26.5 and 27.3°.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin thiocyanate crystalline Form I.
  • the sitagliptin thiocyanate Form I of the present invention has been found to be highly stable in terms of polymorphic form after ten months of storage. Also, after ten months of storage, the sitagliptin thiocyanate Form I of the invention has been found to show a light pink colour and a purity higher than about 99.2%, as determined by HPLC.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin thiocyanate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with thiocyanic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • the thiocyanic acid can be optionally prepared in situ from sodium thiocyanate and hydrochloric acid.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin oxalate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • the sitagliptin oxalate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2 ⁇ ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 8.3, 11.1, 17.0, 17.5, 20.6, 20.9, 25.3 and 27.0° and with further peaks at: 14.5, 15.3, 15.4, 18.6, 19.7, 23.1, 24.0, 24.8, 27.8, 28.9 and 34.7°.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin oxalate crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin oxalate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with oxalic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin L-aspartate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • the sitagliptin L-aspartate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2 ⁇ ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 7.1, 8.1, 12.2, 15.4, 16.9, 18.7, 20.0, 21.1, 21.4, 23.6, 24.0, 25.6 and 29.4° and with further peaks at: 14.1, 15.7, 19.5, 26.4, 28.5, 30.0, 31.0 and 35.8°.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin L-aspartate crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin L-aspartate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with L-aspartic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • the sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2 ⁇ ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 8.0, 13.8, 16.0, 18.0, 18.7, 19.6, 21.2, 21.4, 21.6, 22.7, 23.5, 24.4, 25.4, 25.6 and 27.1° and with further peaks at: 6.3, 6.6, 7.1, 11.2, 14.4, 20.4, 23.0, 24.8, 26.5, 27.9 and 34.7°.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate crystalline Form I.
  • the sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate Form I of the present invention has been found to be highly stable in terms of polymorphic form after ten months of storage. Also, after ten months of storage, the sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate Form I of the invention has been found to show an off-white colour and a purity higher than about 99.8%, as determined by HPLC. Further, the sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate Form I of the invention is freely soluble in water (i.e. solubility >300 g/L).
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with ethanedisulfonic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • the ethanedisulfonic acid can be optionally prepared in situ from the disodium salt of ethanedisulfonic acid and hydrochloric acid.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin (S)-pyroglutamate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • the sitagliptin pyroglutamate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2 ⁇ ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 5.4, 7.3, 13.5, 18.2, 18.8, 19.5, 20.6, 21.2, 23.2, 25.3 and 26.0° and with further peaks at: 12.3, 15.1, 16.3, 24.0, 26.7, 28.3, 29.4 and 30.6°.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin (S)-pyroglutamate crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin (S)-pyroglutamate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with pyrrilidon-5-carboxylic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin glutarate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • the sitagliptin glutarate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2 ⁇ ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 15.3, 16.3, 17.5, 18.0, 18.3, 20.7, 22.4, 22.8, 23.4, 24.6, 25.4° and with further peaks at: 6.3, 7.9, 9.4, 12.7, 12.8, 16.7, 19.9, 26.4, 27.8, 28.5, 28.6, 29.0, 30.5, 33.8°.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin glutarate crystalline Form I.
  • the sitagliptin glutarate Form I of the present invention has been found to be highly stable in terms of polymorphic form after ten months of storage. Also, after ten months of storage, the sitagliptin glutarate Form I of the invention has been found to show a white colour and a purity higher than about 98.0%, as determined by HPLC.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin glutarate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with glutaric acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin acetate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • the sitagliptin acetate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2 ⁇ ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 6.3, 7.5, 12.5, 19.4, 19.6, 20.4, 21.6, 24.7, 25.1, 25.9 and 26.0° and with further peaks at: 10.1, 16.6, 22.4, 22.8, 27.1, 29.9, 31.0 and 31.9°.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin acetate crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin acetate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with acetic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin citrate salt in amorphous form.
  • the sitagliptin citrate amorphous form of the present invention shows an X-ray diffraction pattern as is substantially illustrated in FIG. 14 .
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin citrate amorphous form, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with at least 1 molar equivalent of citric acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another further aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin hemicitrate salt in amorphous form.
  • the sitagliptin hemicitrate amorphous form of the present invention shows an X-ray diffraction pattern as is substantially illustrated in FIG. 15 .
  • Another further aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin hemicitrate amorphous form, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with not more than 0.5 molar equivalents of citric acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin glycolate salt in amorphous form.
  • the sitagliptin glycolate amorphous form of the present invention shows an X-ray diffraction pattern as is substantially illustrated in FIG. 16 .
  • Another further aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin glycolate amorphous form, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with glycolic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin L-malate salt in amorphous form.
  • the sitagliptin L-malate amorphous form of the present invention shows an X-ray diffraction pattern as is substantially illustrated in FIG. 17 .
  • Another further aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin L-malate amorphous form, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with L-malic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • the suitable solvent comprises a C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof.
  • the C 1 -C 5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another feature of the invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition comprising the sitagliptin crystalline form salts of the invention.
  • the buffer was prepared by dissolving 0.217 g of dibasic sodium phosphate in 300 mL of water and adjusting the pH of the solution to 7.0 ⁇ 0.1 with phosphoric acid, and filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m nylon membrane under vacuum.
  • Mobile phase B was methanol.
  • test samples (10 ⁇ L) were prepared by dissolving the appropriate amount of sample in methanol in order to obtain 1 mg of sample per mL. The following gradient was used:
  • sitagliptin base 150 mg was suspended in 2-propanol (2.5 mL).
  • the acid (quantity indicated in Table 1 below) was added and the mixture was stirred for one hour at ambient temperature and 2 hours at 40° C. The mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and stirred for 24 hours at this temperature. The solid was filtered and dried at ambient temperature.
  • sitagliptin base 150 mg was suspended in 2-propanol (2.5 mL).
  • the acid (quantity indicated in Table 2 below) was added and the mixture was stirred for one hour at ambient temperature and 2 hours at 40° C. The mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and stirred for 24 hours at this temperature. The mixture was concentrated under vacuum at ambient temperature.
  • Sitagliptin base 150 mg was suspended in 2-propanol (2.5 mL). Hydrochloric acid (36 mg of 37% aqueous solution) was added and the mixture was stirred for one hour at ambient temperature and 2 hours at 40° C. The mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and stirred for 24 hours before evaporation of the solvent.
  • Sitagliptin base 150 mg was suspended in 2-propanol (2.5 mL).
  • Citric acid 71 mg was added and the mixture was stirred for one hour at ambient temperature and 2 hours at 40° C. The mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and stirred for 24 hours at this temperature. The solid was filtered and dried at ambient temperature.
  • Sitagliptin base 150 mg was suspended in 2-propanol (2.5 mL).
  • Citric acid 35 mg was added and the mixture was stirred for one hour at ambient temperature and 2 hours at 40° C. The mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and stirred for 24 hours at this temperature. The solid was filtered and dried at ambient temperature.
  • Sitagliptin base 150 mg was suspended in 2-propanol (2.5 mL). Glycolic acid (28 mg) was added and the mixture was stirred for one hour at ambient temperature and 2 hours at 40° C. to give a solution. The mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and stirred for 24 hours at this temperature. The solution was concentrated under vacuum at ambient temperature.
  • Sitagliptin base 150 mg was suspended in 2-propanol (2.5 mL).
  • L-malic acid 49 mg was added and the mixture was stirred for one hour at ambient temperature and 2 hours at 40° C. The mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and stirred for 24 hours at this temperature. The solid was filtered and dried at ambient temperature.
  • Sitagliptin salts were stored under standard conditions (i.e. room temperature, normal pressure, and ambient atmosphere). The samples were analyzed after 10 months by HPLC, XRD, and visual inspection. Results are summarized in Table 3.
  • Sitagliptin salts were suspended in water under standard conditions (i.e. room temperature, normal pressure, and ambient atmosphere), stirred until equilibration and filtered. The mother liquors were analyzed by HPLC. Results are summarized in Table 4.

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Abstract

This invention provides novel crystalline acid salt forms of 7-[(3R)-3-amino-1-oxo-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine, i.e. sitagliptin, to processes for their preparation and isolation, and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same.

Description

    PRIORITY
  • This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Applications No. 61/137,428 and 61/137,429, both filed on Jul. 29, 2008, the contents of each of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.
    • FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention relates generally to novel crystalline salt forms of 7-[(3R)-3-amino-1-oxo-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine, i.e. sitagliptin, to processes for their preparation and isolation, and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same.
    • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Sitagliptin (Compound I) is the international commonly accepted name for 7-[(3R)-3-amino-1-oxo-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine (which is also known as (2R)-4-oxo-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5,6-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-7(8H)-yl]-1-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butan-2-amine), and has an empirical formula of C16H15F6N5O and a molecular weight of 407.31.
  • Figure US20100069637A1-20100318-C00001
  • The phosphate salt of sitagliptin has been selected for medical purposes since has been proved to be useful for the treatment of diabetes. Sitagliptin phosphate is a selective inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV which lowers blood sugar levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes, also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. In the United States, sitagliptin phosphate is marketed under the name Januvia™ for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes.
  • Sitagliptin phosphate salt and different forms thereof have been disclosed in a number of references (i.e. U.S. Pat. No. 7,326,708, and U.S. Patent Application Nos. 20060287528, 20070021430 and 20070281941).
  • Sitagliptin base and its pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts have been described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,699,871. In particular, Example 7 of U.S. Pat. No. 6,699,871 discloses the preparation of sitagliptin base and its hydrochloride salt.
  • Different salt forms of the same pharmaceutically active moiety differ in their physical properties such as melting point, solubility, etc. These properties may appreciably influence pharmaceutical properties such as dissolution rate and bioavailability. In addition, polymorphism, which is defined as the ability of a substance to crystallize in more than one crystal lattice arrangement, can also influence many aspects of solid state properties of a drug. Different crystal modifications of a substance may differ considerably from one another in many respects such as their solubility, dissolution rate and finally bioavailability.
  • In this regard, International Patent Publication No. WO 05/072530 described several novel crystalline salts of sitagliptin, i.e. the hydrochloric acid, tartaric acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, and 10-camphorsulfonic acid crystalline salts. In addition, the hemifumarate salt of sitagliptin has been described by D. Kim et al. in J. Med. Chem. 2005, 48, 141-151. Also, International Patent Publication No. WO 07/035,198 relates to a crystalline anhydride form of the dodecylsulfate salt of sitagliptin. Furthermore, International Patent Publication No. WO 08/000,418 discloses the preparation of sitagliptin hydrochloride in amorphous form. In addition, International Patent Publication No. WO 09/085,990 describes other acid addition salts of sitagliptin, i.e. sitagliptin salts of di-p-tolyl-L-tartaric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrobromic acid, methanesulfonic acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, mandelic acid, fumaric acid, and lactic acid.
  • In view of the foregoing, it would be desirable to provide new salt forms of sitagliptin. Further, it would be desirable to have reliable processes for producing these salt forms of sitagliptin. Additionally, the various salt forms of sitagliptin could be used to prepare improved pharmaceutical compositions.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin galactarate.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin hemi-L-malate.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin D-gluconate.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin succinate.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin hydrobromide.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin thiocyanate.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin oxalate.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin aspartate.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin pyroglutamate.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin glutarate.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin acetate.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin hydrochloride amorphous form.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin citrate amorphous form.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin hemicitrate amorphous form.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin glycolate amorphous form.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) of sitagliptin malate amorphous form.
    •  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention relates generally to novel crystalline salt forms of 7-[(3R)-3-amino-1-oxo-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine, i.e. sitagliptin, to processes for their preparation and isolation, and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same.
  • It has been found that sitagliptin can exist in a number of crystalline salt forms.
  • The novel salt forms of sitagliptin have been prepared and structurally characterized as described herein and are referred to herein as sitagliptin galactarate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin hemi-L-malate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin D-gluconate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin succinate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin hydrobromide crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin thiocyanate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin oxalate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin L-aspartate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin pyroglutamate crystalline form (Form I), sitagliptin glutarate crystalline form (Form I), and sitagliptin acetate crystalline form (Form I).
  • The solid crystalline salt forms of sitagliptin of the present invention have been characterized by means of Powder X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD).
  • In addition, a selected group of the novel crystalline salt forms of sitagliptin of the present invention have been found to be highly stable in terms of polymorphic form after 10 months of storage, which makes them suitable for pharmaceutical formulation use.
  • Further, some of the selected crystalline salt forms of sitagliptin of the present invention exhibit a good solubility profile in water, i.e. equal to or higher than 20 g/L, and hence also show enhanced pharmaceutical properties regarding the dissolution rate and bioavailability.
  • Additionally, the formation of the selected crystalline salt forms of sitagliptin of the invention might be an efficient way of purifying sitagliptin base.
  • It has also been found that sitagliptin can exist in a number of amorphous salt forms.
  • The novel amorphous salt forms of sitagliptin have been prepared and structurally characterized as described herein and are referred to herein as sitagliptin citrate amorphous form, sitagliptin hemicitrate amorphous form, sitagliptin glycolate amorphous form, and sitagliptin L-malate amorphous form.
  • The solid amorphous salt forms of sitagliptin of the present invention have been characterized by means of Powder X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD).
  • A first aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin galactarate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • The sitagliptin galactarate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2θ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 4.4, 13.2, 19.6, 22.4 and 30.7° and with further peaks at: 14.3, 15.5, 16.5, 17.5, 18.6, 19.0, 23.0, 24.1, 25.4, 26.0, 26.9, 27.1, 34.5 and 37.7°. FIG. 1 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin galactarate crystalline Form I.
  • The sitagliptin galactarate Form I of the present invention has been found to be highly stable in terms of polymorphic form after ten months of storage. Also, after ten months of storage, the sitagliptin galactarate Form I of the invention has been found to show an off-white colour and a purity higher than about 99.1%, as determined by HPLC. Further, the sitagliptin galactarate Form I of the invention is sparingly soluble in water (i.e. solubility about 20 g/L).
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin galactarate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with galactaric acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • The 1:1 salt correlation of sitagliptin galactarate was confirmed by 1H NMR spectrum.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin hemi-L-malate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • The sitagliptin hemi-L-malate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2θ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 4.7, 9.5, 14.3, 15.6, 17.4, 18.2, 19.3 and 25.6° and with further peaks at: 12.1, 12.6, 13.3, 13.6, 25.0, 26.6 and 34.3°. FIG. 2 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin hemi-L-malate crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin hemi-L-malate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with not more than 0.5 molar equivalents of L-malic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • The 2:1 salt correlation of sitagliptin L-hemimalate was confirmed by 1H NMR spectrum.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin D-gluconate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • The sitagliptin D-gluconate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2θ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 15.7, 16.4, 17.6, 18.6, 18.9, 19.6, 20.6, 20.9, 21.5, 22.9, 24.2 and 24.9° and with further peaks at: 5.0, 7.9, 10.0, 14.4, 15.2, 21.8, 24.5, 25.4, 26.0, 27.9, 28.3, 28.6, 30.6, 31.5, 31.9, 33.2, 34.3, 35.5 and 39.5°. FIG. 3 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin D-gluconate crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin D-gluconate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with D-gluconic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • The 1:1 salt correlation of sitagliptin D-gluconate was confirmed by 1H NMR spectrum.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin succinate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • The sitagliptin succinate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2θ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 13.4, 15.7, 17.3, 20.0, 23.7, 24.4, 25.1, 25.6, 26.2 and 27.9° and with further peaks at: 13.0, 13.0, 14.1, 19.5, 20.4, 21.8 and 23.0°. FIG. 4 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin succinate crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin succinate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with succinic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • The 1:1 salt correlation of sitagliptin succinate was confirmed by 1H NMR spectrum.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin hydrobromide salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • The sitagliptin hydrobromide Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2θ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 5.6, 13.4, 17.6, 18.8, 19.7, 19.7, 21.9, 22.7, 23.0, 24.4, 25.0, 25.9 and 26.4° and with further peaks at: 6.9, 15.0, 15.2, 20.0, 20.5, 21.3, 25.3, 25.5, 27.4, 28.1, 31.1, 32.1, 32.2, 33.3 and 34.4°. FIG. 5 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin hydrobromide crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin hydrobromide Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with hydrobromic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin thiocyanate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • The sitagliptin thiocyanate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2θ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 7.9, 13.7, 15.8, 17.7, 17.9, 19.4, 22.4, 22.5, 23.3, 25.2, 25.3, 26.9, 31.7 and 45.4° and with further peaks at: 6.2, 26.5 and 27.3°. FIG. 6 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin thiocyanate crystalline Form I.
  • The sitagliptin thiocyanate Form I of the present invention has been found to be highly stable in terms of polymorphic form after ten months of storage. Also, after ten months of storage, the sitagliptin thiocyanate Form I of the invention has been found to show a light pink colour and a purity higher than about 99.2%, as determined by HPLC.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin thiocyanate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with thiocyanic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • The thiocyanic acid can be optionally prepared in situ from sodium thiocyanate and hydrochloric acid.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin oxalate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • The sitagliptin oxalate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2θ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 8.3, 11.1, 17.0, 17.5, 20.6, 20.9, 25.3 and 27.0° and with further peaks at: 14.5, 15.3, 15.4, 18.6, 19.7, 23.1, 24.0, 24.8, 27.8, 28.9 and 34.7°. FIG. 7 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin oxalate crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin oxalate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with oxalic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin L-aspartate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • The sitagliptin L-aspartate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2θ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 7.1, 8.1, 12.2, 15.4, 16.9, 18.7, 20.0, 21.1, 21.4, 23.6, 24.0, 25.6 and 29.4° and with further peaks at: 14.1, 15.7, 19.5, 26.4, 28.5, 30.0, 31.0 and 35.8°. FIG. 8 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin L-aspartate crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin L-aspartate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with L-aspartic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • The 1:1 salt correlation of sitagliptin L-aspartate was confirmed by 1H NMR spectrum.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • The sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2θ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 8.0, 13.8, 16.0, 18.0, 18.7, 19.6, 21.2, 21.4, 21.6, 22.7, 23.5, 24.4, 25.4, 25.6 and 27.1° and with further peaks at: 6.3, 6.6, 7.1, 11.2, 14.4, 20.4, 23.0, 24.8, 26.5, 27.9 and 34.7°. FIG. 9 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate crystalline Form I.
  • The sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate Form I of the present invention has been found to be highly stable in terms of polymorphic form after ten months of storage. Also, after ten months of storage, the sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate Form I of the invention has been found to show an off-white colour and a purity higher than about 99.8%, as determined by HPLC. Further, the sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate Form I of the invention is freely soluble in water (i.e. solubility >300 g/L).
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with ethanedisulfonic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • The ethanedisulfonic acid can be optionally prepared in situ from the disodium salt of ethanedisulfonic acid and hydrochloric acid.
  • The 1:1 salt correlation of sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate was confirmed by 1H NMR spectrum.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin (S)-pyroglutamate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • The sitagliptin pyroglutamate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2θ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 5.4, 7.3, 13.5, 18.2, 18.8, 19.5, 20.6, 21.2, 23.2, 25.3 and 26.0° and with further peaks at: 12.3, 15.1, 16.3, 24.0, 26.7, 28.3, 29.4 and 30.6°. FIG. 10 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin (S)-pyroglutamate crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin (S)-pyroglutamate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with pyrrilidon-5-carboxylic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • The 1:1 salt correlation of sitagliptin (S)-pyroglutamate was confirmed by 1H NMR spectrum.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin glutarate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • The sitagliptin glutarate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2θ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 15.3, 16.3, 17.5, 18.0, 18.3, 20.7, 22.4, 22.8, 23.4, 24.6, 25.4° and with further peaks at: 6.3, 7.9, 9.4, 12.7, 12.8, 16.7, 19.9, 26.4, 27.8, 28.5, 28.6, 29.0, 30.5, 33.8°. FIG. 11 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin glutarate crystalline Form I.
  • The sitagliptin glutarate Form I of the present invention has been found to be highly stable in terms of polymorphic form after ten months of storage. Also, after ten months of storage, the sitagliptin glutarate Form I of the invention has been found to show a white colour and a purity higher than about 98.0%, as determined by HPLC.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin glutarate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with glutaric acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • The 1:1 salt correlation of sitagliptin glutarate was confirmed by 1H NMR spectrum.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin acetate salt in crystalline form (designated herein as Form I).
  • The sitagliptin acetate Form I of the present invention shows an XRD pattern (2θ) having characteristic peaks at approximately 6.3, 7.5, 12.5, 19.4, 19.6, 20.4, 21.6, 24.7, 25.1, 25.9 and 26.0° and with further peaks at: 10.1, 16.6, 22.4, 22.8, 27.1, 29.9, 31.0 and 31.9°. FIG. 12 illustrates the XRD of sitagliptin acetate crystalline Form I.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin acetate Form I, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with acetic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • The 1:1 salt correlation of sitagliptin acetate was confirmed by 1H NMR spectrum.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin citrate salt in amorphous form.
  • The sitagliptin citrate amorphous form of the present invention shows an X-ray diffraction pattern as is substantially illustrated in FIG. 14.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin citrate amorphous form, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with at least 1 molar equivalent of citric acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • The 1:1 salt correlation of sitagliptin citrate was confirmed by 1H NMR spectrum.
  • Another further aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin hemicitrate salt in amorphous form.
  • The sitagliptin hemicitrate amorphous form of the present invention shows an X-ray diffraction pattern as is substantially illustrated in FIG. 15.
  • Another further aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin hemicitrate amorphous form, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with not more than 0.5 molar equivalents of citric acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • The 2:1 salt correlation of sitagliptin hemicitrate was confirmed by 1H NMR spectrum.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin glycolate salt in amorphous form.
  • The sitagliptin glycolate amorphous form of the present invention shows an X-ray diffraction pattern as is substantially illustrated in FIG. 16.
  • Another further aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin glycolate amorphous form, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with glycolic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • The 1:1 salt correlation of sitagliptin glycolate was confirmed by 1H NMR spectrum.
  • Another aspect of the present invention includes a new sitagliptin L-malate salt in amorphous form.
  • The sitagliptin L-malate amorphous form of the present invention shows an X-ray diffraction pattern as is substantially illustrated in FIG. 17.
  • Another further aspect of the invention relates to a process for preparing sitagliptin L-malate amorphous form, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin with L-malic acid, optionally in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent when necessary.
  • The suitable solvent comprises a C1-C5 alcohol solvent or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the C1-C5 alcohol solvent is 2-propanol.
  • The 1:1 salt correlation of sitagliptin L-malate was confirmed by 1H NMR spectrum.
  • Another feature of the invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition comprising the sitagliptin crystalline form salts of the invention.
    • SPECIFIC EXAMPLES General Experimental Conditions X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD)
  • The XRD diffractograms were obtained using a RX SIEMENS D5000 diffractometer with a vertical goniometer, a copper anodic tube, and radiation CuKα, λ=1.54056.
    • HPLC Method
  • The chromatographic separation was carried out with a Waters Sunfire C18 5 μm 4.6×250 mm column at 30° C. Mobile phase A was a mixture of methanol and 5 mM dibasic sodium phosphate buffer, pH=7.0 (70:30, v/v). The buffer was prepared by dissolving 0.217 g of dibasic sodium phosphate in 300 mL of water and adjusting the pH of the solution to 7.0±0.1 with phosphoric acid, and filtered through a 0.22 μm nylon membrane under vacuum. Mobile phase B was methanol.
  • The flow rate was 1 mL per minute and the chromatograph was recorded at 254 nm. Test samples (10 μL) were prepared by dissolving the appropriate amount of sample in methanol in order to obtain 1 mg of sample per mL. The following gradient was used:
  • Time
    (min.) % A % B
    0 100 0
    26 100 0
    36 90 10
    70 90 10
    80 100 0
    90 100 0
    • Examples 1-4 Preparation of Sitagliptin Salt Forms
  • General procedure: sitagliptin base (150 mg) was suspended in 2-propanol (2.5 mL). The acid (quantity indicated in Table 1 below) was added and the mixture was stirred for one hour at ambient temperature and 2 hours at 40° C. The mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and stirred for 24 hours at this temperature. The solid was filtered and dried at ambient temperature.
  • TABLE 1
    Sitagliptin salt
    Example Acid Quantity form XRD
    1 Galactaric acid 77 mg Sitagliptin FIG. 1
    galactarate
    2 L-Malic acid 25 mg Sitagliptin FIG. 2
    hemi-L-malate
    3 D-Gluconic acid 145 mg  Sitagliptin D- FIG. 3
    50% water gluconate
    4 Succinic acid 44 mg Sitagliptin FIG. 4
    succinate
    • Examples 5-12 Preparation of Sitagliptin Salt Forms
  • General procedure: sitagliptin base (150 mg) was suspended in 2-propanol (2.5 mL). The acid (quantity indicated in Table 2 below) was added and the mixture was stirred for one hour at ambient temperature and 2 hours at 40° C. The mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and stirred for 24 hours at this temperature. The mixture was concentrated under vacuum at ambient temperature.
  • TABLE 2
    Sitagliptin salt
    Example Acid Quantity form XRD
    5 Hydrobromic 62 mg Sitagliptin FIG. 5
    acid 48% hydrobromide
    6 Thiocyanic acid 30 mg Sitagliptin FIG. 6
    disodium salt* thiocyanate
    7 Oxalic acid 33 mg Sitagliptin oxalate FIG. 7
    (anhydrous)
    8 L-Aspartic acid 49 mg Sitagliptin FIG. 8
    aspartate
    9 Ethanedisulfonic 86 mg Sitagliptin FIG. 9
    acid disodium ethanedisulfonate
    salt**
    10 Pyrrolidinon-5- 47 mg Sitagliptin FIG. 10
    carboxylic acid pyroglutamate
    11 Glutaric acid 48 mg Sitagliptin FIG. 11
    glutarate
    12 Acetic acid 22 mg Sitagliptin acetate FIG. 12
    Note:
    *36 mg of HCl (37% aqueous) was also added.
    **73 mg of HCl (37% aqueous) was also added.
    • Example 13 Preparation of Sitagliptin Hydrochloride Amorphous Form
  • Sitagliptin base (150 mg) was suspended in 2-propanol (2.5 mL). Hydrochloric acid (36 mg of 37% aqueous solution) was added and the mixture was stirred for one hour at ambient temperature and 2 hours at 40° C. The mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and stirred for 24 hours before evaporation of the solvent.
  • Analytical data: XRD: amorphous form, see FIG. 13.
    • Example 14 Preparation of Sitagliptin Citrate Amorphous Form
  • Sitagliptin base (150 mg) was suspended in 2-propanol (2.5 mL). Citric acid (71 mg) was added and the mixture was stirred for one hour at ambient temperature and 2 hours at 40° C. The mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and stirred for 24 hours at this temperature. The solid was filtered and dried at ambient temperature.
  • Analytical data: XRD: amorphous form, see FIG. 14.
    • Example 15 Preparation of Sitagliptin Hemicitrate Amorphous Form
  • Sitagliptin base (150 mg) was suspended in 2-propanol (2.5 mL). Citric acid (35 mg) was added and the mixture was stirred for one hour at ambient temperature and 2 hours at 40° C. The mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and stirred for 24 hours at this temperature. The solid was filtered and dried at ambient temperature.
  • Analytical data: XRD: amorphous form, see FIG. 15.
    • Example 16 Preparation of Sitagliptin Glycolate Amorphous Form
  • Sitagliptin base (150 mg) was suspended in 2-propanol (2.5 mL). Glycolic acid (28 mg) was added and the mixture was stirred for one hour at ambient temperature and 2 hours at 40° C. to give a solution. The mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and stirred for 24 hours at this temperature. The solution was concentrated under vacuum at ambient temperature.
  • Analytical data: XRD: amorphous form, see FIG. 16.
    • Example 17 Preparation of Sitagliptin L-Malate Amorphous Form
  • Sitagliptin base (150 mg) was suspended in 2-propanol (2.5 mL). L-malic acid (49 mg) was added and the mixture was stirred for one hour at ambient temperature and 2 hours at 40° C. The mixture was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and stirred for 24 hours at this temperature. The solid was filtered and dried at ambient temperature.
  • Analytical data: XRD: amorphous form, see FIG. 17.
    • Example 18 Stability Studies of Sitagliptin Salts
  • Sitagliptin salts were stored under standard conditions (i.e. room temperature, normal pressure, and ambient atmosphere). The samples were analyzed after 10 months by HPLC, XRD, and visual inspection. Results are summarized in Table 3.
  • TABLE 3
    Aspect/Colour XRD analysis Purity (HPLC)
    10 10 10
    SITAGLIPTIN months months months
    SALT Initial later Initial later Initial later
    Galactarate n.d.a off-white Form I Form I n.d.a 99.15%
    Hemi-L-malate n.d.a light Form I n.d.a n.d.a 98.91%
    yellow
    D-Gluconate n.d.a beige Form I n.d.a n.d.a 96.29%
    Succinate n.d.a off-white Form I n.d.a n.d.a 98.88%
    Hydrobromide n.d.a off-white Form I Form I n.d.a 98.92%
    Thiocyanate n.d.a light pink Form I Form I n.d.a 99.22%
    Oxalate n.d.a white Form I Form I n.d.a 95.95%
    L-aspartate n.d.a white Form I Different n.d.a 97.14%
    form
    Ethane- n.d.a off-white Form I Form I n.d.a 99.83%
    disulfonate
    Pyroglutamate n.d.a off-white Form I Different n.d.a 98.64%
    form
    Glutarate n.d.a white Form I Form I n.d.a 98.50%
    Acetate n.d.a off-white Form I n.d.a n.d.a 98.90%
    aNot determined.
    • Example 19 Solubility Studies in Water of Sitagliptin Salts
  • Sitagliptin salts were suspended in water under standard conditions (i.e. room temperature, normal pressure, and ambient atmosphere), stirred until equilibration and filtered. The mother liquors were analyzed by HPLC. Results are summarized in Table 4.
  • TABLE 4
    Descriptive
    Sitagliptin salt Solubility (g/L) term
    Galactarate About 20 Sparingly
    soluble
    Ethanedisulfonate >300 Freely soluble

Claims (21)

1. A crystalline acid salt form of sitagliptin, wherein said acid is selected from the group consisting of ethanedisulfonic acid, galactaric acid, thiocyanic acid, and glutaric acid.
2. The crystalline acid salt form of sitagliptin of claim 1, wherein said crystalline acid salt form is sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate Form I, which shows an XRD pattern (2θ) (±0.2°) having characteristics peaks at 8.0, 13.8, 16.0, 18.0, 18.7, 19.6, 21.2, 21.4, 21.6, 22.7, 23.5, 24.4, 25.4, 25.6, and 27.1°.
3. The sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate Form I of claim 2, which shows an XRD pattern (2θ) (±0.2°) having further peaks at 6.3, 6.6, 7.1, 11.2, 14.4, 20.4, 23.0, 24.8, 26.5, 27.9, and 34.7°.
4. A process for preparing the sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate Form I of claim 2, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin base with ethanedisulfonic acid in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent.
5. A process for preparing the sitagliptin ethanedisulfonate Form I of claim 3, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin base with ethanedisulfonic acid in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent.
6. The process of claim 4, wherein the suitable solvent is a C1-C5 alcohol solvent.
7. The crystalline acid salt form of sitagliptin of claim 1, wherein said crystalline acid salt form is sitagliptin galactarate Form I, which shows an XRD pattern (2θ) (±) 0.2°) having characteristics peaks at 4.4, 13.2, 19.6, 22.4, and 30.7°.
8. The sitagliptin galactarate Form I of claim 7, which shows an XRD pattern (2θ) (±0.2°) having further peaks at 14.3, 15.5, 16.5, 17.5, 18.6, 19.0, 23.0, 24.1, 25.4, 26.0, 26.9, 27.1, 34.5, and 37.7°.
9. A process for preparing the sitagliptin galactarate Form I of claim 7, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin base with galactaric acid in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent.
10. A process for preparing the sitagliptin galactarate Form I of claim 8, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin base with galactaric acid in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent.
11. The process of claim 9, wherein the suitable solvent is a C1-C5 alcohol solvent.
12. The crystalline acid salt form of sitagliptin of claim 1, wherein said crystalline acid salt form is sitagliptin thiocyanate Form I, which shows an XRD pattern (2θ) (±) 0.2°) having characteristics peaks at 7.9, 13.7, 15.8, 17.7, 17.9, 19.4, 22.4, 22.5, 23.3, 25.2, 25.3, 26.9, 31.7, and 45.4°.
13. The sitagliptin thiocyanate Form I of claim 12, which shows an XRD pattern (2θ) (±0.2°) having further peaks at 6.2, 26.5, and 27.3°.
14. A process for preparing the sitagliptin thiocyanate Form I of claim 12, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin base with thiocyanic acid in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent.
15. A process for preparing the sitagliptin thiocyanate Form I of claim 13, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin base with thiocyanic acid in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent.
16. The process of claim 14, wherein the suitable solvent is a C1-C5 alcohol solvent.
17. The crystalline acid salt form of sitagliptin of claim 1, wherein said crystalline acid salt form is sitagliptin glutarate Form I, which shows an XRD pattern (2θ) (±0.2°) having characteristics peaks at 15.3, 16.3, 17.5, 18.0, 18.3, 20.7, 22.4, 22.8, 23.4, 24.6, and 25.4°.
18. The sitagliptin glutarate Form I of claim 17, which shows an XRD pattern (2θ) (±0.2°) having further peaks at 6.3, 7.9, 9.4, 12.7, 12.8, 16.7, 19.9, 26.4, 27.8, 28.5, 28.6, 29.0, 30.5, and 33.8°.
19. A process for preparing the sitagliptin glutarate Form I of claim 17, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin base with glutaric acid in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent.
20. A process for preparing the sitagliptin glutarate Form I of claim 18, said process comprising contacting sitagliptin base with glutaric acid in the presence of a suitable solvent, and removing the solvent.
21. The process of claim 19, wherein the suitable solvent is a C1-C5 alcohol solvent.
US12/511,503 2008-07-29 2009-07-29 CRYSTALLINE SALT FORMS OF A 5,6,7,8-TETRAHYDRO-1,2,4-TRIAZOLO[4,3-a]PYRAZINE DERIVATIVE Abandoned US20100069637A1 (en)

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