Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
  • C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
  • C22B15/0054—Slag, slime, speiss, or dross treating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
  • C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
  • C22B15/006—Pyrometallurgy working up of molten copper, e.g. refining
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
  • C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
  • C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
  • C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
  • C22B5/16—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes with volatilisation or condensation of the metal being produced
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
  • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

• This invention relates to a method for separating impurities out of slag, dust, minerals, preparation residues of minerals or out of recyclings or remaining substances. All these substances to be purified are subsequently called feed stock.
• Fusion metallurgy treatment methods in which iron melts are used to take up impurities are known for the purpose of separating impurities.
• a method of this type is described, for example, in AT 412 283 B.
• the aim of the method is to form environmentally compatible slag from iron-containing blast-furnace residue and to recover the iron fraction contained therein.
• the residue is reduced in or over an iron melt by the carbon dissolved in the iron melt.
• Iron oxide and other metal oxides are reduced and recovered from the iron metal.
• the resulting metal can be used as a replacement for pig iron produced in a blast furnace or if the Cr/Ni contents are high, it can be used as a working resource for stainless steel production.
• the slag produced can be used as a clinker replacement in the cement industry.
• residue or slag from rubbish incineration or pyrolysis is heated together with chlorine or chlorine-containing substances under reducing conditions to temperatures above 650° C. whereupon volatile metal chlorides such as heavy metal chlorides (PbCl 2 , ZnCl 2 , CuCl 2 ) are removed in the gas phase.
• volatile metal chlorides such as heavy metal chlorides (PbCl 2 , ZnCl 2 , CuCl 2 ) are removed in the gas phase.
• the remaining solid residue is mixed with steel slag or lime marl.
• the mixed slag is reduced over a turbulent iron bath.
• a synthetic blast furnace slag with hydraulic properties and a carbon-saturated iron alloy can be produced.
• the iron alloy obtained forms a feed stock for the steel industry.
• a carbon-free, highly enriched ferro-chromium alloy can be obtained by fractional reduction.
• JP 11207288 likewise describes a smelting method for the treatment of residue from rubbish incineration.
• the incineration residue is charged in an electric arc furnace into a metal bath which substantially consists of iron.
• a slag layer is thereby formed.
• Slag and metal are jointly extracted continuously and supplied to a water bath. Separation takes place by means of a magnetic separator.
• the metal contains a relatively large amount of copper and can be used as copper raw material.
• the purpose of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and its object is to provide a method for separating impurities from slag, dust, minerals, preparation residues of minerals or from recyclings or remaining substances, subsequently called feed stock, in which deterioration in quality is avoided in a process extending over a fairly long time or in a plurality of successive process cycles.
• the method should allow energy savings compared with known methods and furthermore allow costs savings in that refractory linings of reactor vessels in which the process is carried out have a long life.
• the copper melt preferably has a minimum content of 50% copper.
• the use of a copper melt has the advantage that the impurities which cannot be removed from an iron melt can easily be removed from a copper melt in a normal copper recycling process. In this way, the contaminated copper melt can be processed to high-quality copper again.
• a particular advantage of using a copper melt is its low melting point compared to an iron melt. As a result, the processing temperature of the feed stock is primarily determined by the melting point of the slag. It is thereby possible to maintain low processing temperatures when carrying out the method, which is reflected in lower energy costs and in conservation of refractory linings of the metallurgical vessel in which the method is carried out.
• the copper melt can optionally be purified by blowing oxygen directly into the metallurgical vessel in which the method is carried out.
• the impurities less noble than copper form a slag.
• the slag thus formed can be used for separating impurities from feed stock at the beginning of a following process.
• the copper melt can be formed by melting copper-containing waste material. For this purpose new scrap (fabrication waste) and/or old scrap of copper and/or copper alloys can be formed. Part of the copper melt can be formed by adding slag produced by blowing oxygen into the copper melt, as has been mentioned above.
• the slag formed from the feed stock to be purified is preferably processed using adjuvants and/or waste materials to form clinker substitute and/or sand blasting abrasives.
• Dust from waste incineration and from the iron and steel industry can be used as feed stock to be purified.
• Anodic sludge accumulating during electrolytic refining in the course of copper recycling is advantageously used as feed stock to be purified.
• coke and/or coal are used as reducing agents for the feed stock but substances less noble that copper such as metallic waste materials e.g. aluminium-containing waste materials and/or iron-containing waste material can be used as reducing agents.
• the feed stock to be purified together with the reducing agents are preferably injected into the copper melt.
• a copper melt and the melting of the feed stock and the addition of the reducing agents can take place simultaneously or successively.
• the feed stock to be purified is applied to a hot copper block which has not yet melted, preferably in layers, and any metal chlorides that may be present are thereby vaporised, whereby a halogenating atmosphere is preferably adjusted, preferably using a chlorine-containing flushing gas.
• the copper block together with the feed stock to be purified is then melted and reducing agents are introduced into the melt, preferably are injected via lances.
• the method according to the invention is explained in detail with reference to the description of two variants.
• the two variants show ways which are feasible in principle for using a copper melt.
• the feed stock to be treated is injected into a copper melt located in a metallurgical vessel together with a reducing agent.
• a reducing agent for example, can be used as reducing agents.
• Metals in the feed stocks which are less noble than copper are also used as reducing agents.
• metallic reducing agents in the form of metallic waste materials for example, aluminium or iron filings can be added, where the fraction of aluminium or iron is preferably at least 80%.
• the copper melt is produced by melting copper-containing waste material.
• Predominantly considered for this purpose is new waste (fabrication waste) or old waste of copper and copper alloys (for example, brass, bronzes, red brass, nickel silver) including chippings and dust.
• the preferred copper content in the feed stock is at least 50%.
• Table 2 gives the composition of a brass and a bronze waste as examples.
• the method according to the invention can be used to process contaminated dust, slag and minerals of different origin, in particular dust from rubbish incineration and slag or dust from the iron and steel industry.
• Lead or coloured glass waste, scrap catalysts and processing residue of minerals such as, for example, roasting residues (e.g. pyrite combustion) can also be used.
• Material cleared from furnaces which has been infiltrated with noble metals e.g. Pt, Au, Ag
• noble metals e.g. Pt, Au, Ag
• the noble metals Pt, Ag, Au
• the noble metals can be recovered from the anodic sludge by means of the method according to the invention and reused.
• Noble-metal-containing feed stock such as, for example, the aforementioned material cleared from furnaces thus make a decision contribution to improving the economic efficiency of a copper refinery.
• the components of the feed stock are divided by the treatment process into copper bath, slag or waste gas according to their composition.
• Metals in the feed stock which are nobler than copper are reduced and remain in the copper melt. Less noble components are transferred into the slag located above the melt. Volatile compounds in the feed stock such as, for example, metal chlorides, in particular zinc chloride and lead chloride, vaporise.
• the slag is adjusted with adjuvants or waste materials so that it can be used as clinker substitute or as sand blasting abrasive.
• the slag is then tapped and charged into a dry granulator.
• the granulation can take place by separating the slag stream on a rotary plate into fine droplets, which then solidify in a glass-like manner in the air stream.
• the copper melt is also tapped and fed to the copper recycling process whereby copper and the noble metals contained therein can be recovered from the melt.
• the copper bath can optionally be purified by blowing oxygen directly into the melt system.
• the impurities which are less noble than copper thereby form slag.
• the slag thereby formed can be fed together with the scrap copper at the beginning of the process.
• a block of scrap copper is heated in the melting system.
• Advantageously solidified residual copper melt from the previous treatment can be used for this.
• the copper melt is produced by melting copper-containing waste material.
• the feed stock to be treated is applied in layers to the copper block.
• charging can begin immediately after the surface of the copper bath has solidified.
• the heat of the cooling copper bath can be used to vaporise metal chlorides present in the feed stock.
• a halogenating atmosphere can be used for assistance, for example, using a chlorine-containing flushing gas.
• the flushing gas is blown onto the residue from above.
• the residue can be roasted with chlorine or chlorine-containing substances under reducing conditions.
• metal chlorides can be vaporised from the feed stock.
• the gas phase can be purified in the usual manner whereby the metal chlorides are retained in filters.
• the heavy metals can be recovered in a known manner (electrolysis, extraction).
• the remaining metal compounds in the feed stocks can be removed by subsequent purification under reducing conditions.
• the feed stock and the solidified copper melts are melted.
• Reducing agent is fed into the copper bath by means of lances (see Variant 1).
• the copper melt and the slag can undergo further treatment as in variant 1.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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• 2005
  • 2005-09-01 AT AT0143305A patent/AT502396B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2006
  • 2006-08-17 RU RU2008110996/02A patent/RU2008110996A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2006-08-17 AU AU2006287095A patent/AU2006287095A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-08-17 US US12/065,354 patent/US20090217785A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-08-17 CN CNA2006800322846A patent/CN101258252A/zh active Pending
  • 2006-08-17 EP EP06774744A patent/EP1917369A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2006-08-17 WO PCT/AT2006/000343 patent/WO2007025317A1/de not_active Ceased

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