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US20090183420A1 - Biodiesel fuel for cold, temperate and hot weather climates and for aviation jet fuel - Google Patents

Biodiesel fuel for cold, temperate and hot weather climates and for aviation jet fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090183420A1
US20090183420A1 US12/009,887 US988708A US2009183420A1 US 20090183420 A1 US20090183420 A1 US 20090183420A1 US 988708 A US988708 A US 988708A US 2009183420 A1 US2009183420 A1 US 2009183420A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
biodiesel
fuel
fames
melting temperature
production
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Abandoned
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US12/009,887
Inventor
Arnold J. Cobb
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US12/009,887 priority Critical patent/US20090183420A1/en
Publication of US20090183420A1 publication Critical patent/US20090183420A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
    • C11C3/003—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fatty acids with alcohols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/14—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving low temperature properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C1/00—Preparation of fatty acids from fats, fatty oils, or waxes; Refining the fatty acids
    • C11C1/005—Splitting up mixtures of fatty acids into their constituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C1/00—Preparation of fatty acids from fats, fatty oils, or waxes; Refining the fatty acids
    • C11C1/08—Refining
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1011—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
    • C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
    • C10G2300/304—Pour point, cloud point, cold flow properties
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
    • Y02T50/678—Aviation using fuels of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • Biodiesel is composed of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) which are produced from the transesterificaiton of glycerides (tri, di and/or mono) using methanol or the esterification of free fatty acids using methanol.
  • FAMEs fatty acid methyl esters
  • Glycerides and free fatty acids come from plant and animal oils/fats.
  • the fatty acids attached to the glycerides and the free fatty acids typically range from four (4) to twenty-two (22) carbon atoms. Each fatty acid has from zero (0) to three (3) double bonds between carbon atoms. Therefore, the FAMEs produced from a specific plant or animal oil/fat is a mixture of different carbon lengths.
  • the physical properties of a biodiesel from a specific plant or animal oil/fat is due to the mixture of FAMEs.
  • Biodiesel is typically blended into petroleum diesel at rates of 2-20% by volume.
  • the amount of biodiesel blended is limited, because the biodiesel increases the blended fuel cloud point temperature.
  • This cloud point temperature is the temperature at which solids crystallize and precipitate resulting in pluggage of fuel lines. So, the higher biodiesel fuel blends result in higher cloud point temperatures.
  • Individual FAMEs range from a melting temperature of 54 degrees centrigrade with a corresponding boiling point of 394 degrees centrigrade to a melting point of minus 57 degrees centrigrade with a corresponding boiling point of 366 degrees centrigrade.
  • FAME components in biodiesel have large enough differences in melting and boiling points to separate them using crystallization or distillation. This would permit the production of customized biodiesel products to satisfy cold, temperate, and hot weather climates.
  • FAMEs with a melting temperature of minus 20 to minus 57 degrees centrigrade can be produced which are suitable for blending into aviation jet fuel.
  • FAMEs Based on melting temperature, FAMEs can be cooled until the undesirable FAME components crystallize forming solids. Then the solids can be batch/continuous separated by centrifugation or vacuum filtration.
  • FAMEs can be distilled to separate low boiling from high boiling components.
  • the low boiling components are also the low melting temperature components.
  • FAMEs biodiesel
  • the low melting/boiling temperature biodiesel (FAMEs) produced by this invention can be used to blend into petroleum diesel with reduced or no need for winterizing additives, used as cold climate biodiesel with reduced or no winterization, or blended with aviation jet fuel.
  • a limited production of biodiesel could be used to replace aviation jet fuel when the FAME melting point is low enough.
  • the high melting/boiling temperature biodiesel (FAMEs) by-products produced by this invention can be used to blend into petroleum diesel for temperate or hot climates.
  • the process described herein is not feedstock limited and is capable of processing different biodiesel feedstocks simultaneously or by campaigning. Inexpensive biodiesel feedstocks can be processed to maximize the value added by this process. So, an expensive oil that naturally has a mix of fatty acids which produce a lower cloud point temperature does not have to be used to produce a biodiesel for cold weather climates.
  • Biodiesel is typically blended into petroleum diesel at rates of 2-20% by volume. The amount of biodiesel blended is limited, because the biodiesel reduces the blended cloud point temperature. This cloud point temperature is the temperature at which solids crystallize and precipitate resulting in pluggage of fuel lines.
  • Biodiesel is a mixture of different length fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). These FAMEs have a range of melting temperatures which correspond to the carbon chain length and number of double bonds between carbon atoms. FAMEs range from a melting temperature of 54 degrees centrigrade with a corresponding boiling point of 394 degrees centrigrade to a melting point of minus 57 degrees centrigrade with a corresponding boiling point of 366 degrees centrigrade.
  • FAMEs with a melting temperature of minus 20 to minus 57 degrees centrigrade can be produced which are suitable for blending into aviation jet fuel.
  • the high melting/boiling temperature biodiesel (FAMEs) produced by this invention can be used to blend into petroleum diesel for temperate or hot climates.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

This invention permits biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters—FAMES) fuel and/or fuel blends to be used in cold weather climates without crystallization/precipitation of solids which plug fuel lines. The high melting point components are removed by physical separation from the biodiesel. Crystallization or distillation are used to separate the high melting temperature components. The low melting temperature components are used for blending with petroleum diesel with reduced or no winterization; low melting temperature components are used as a biodiesel with reduced or no winterization; low melting temperature components are blended into aviation jet fuel; or low melting temperature components are used as aviation jet fuel. The high melting temperature components are blended with petroleum diesel for temperate and/or hot weather climates.

Description

    CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
  • Not Applicable
    • STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT
  • Not Applicable
    • REFERENCE TO SEQUENCE LISTING, A TABLE, OR A COMPUTER PROGRAM LISTING COMPACT DISC APPENDIX
  • Not Applicable
    • BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
  • Biodiesel is composed of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) which are produced from the transesterificaiton of glycerides (tri, di and/or mono) using methanol or the esterification of free fatty acids using methanol. Glycerides and free fatty acids come from plant and animal oils/fats. The fatty acids attached to the glycerides and the free fatty acids typically range from four (4) to twenty-two (22) carbon atoms. Each fatty acid has from zero (0) to three (3) double bonds between carbon atoms. Therefore, the FAMEs produced from a specific plant or animal oil/fat is a mixture of different carbon lengths. The physical properties of a biodiesel from a specific plant or animal oil/fat is due to the mixture of FAMEs.
  • Biodiesel is typically blended into petroleum diesel at rates of 2-20% by volume. The amount of biodiesel blended is limited, because the biodiesel increases the blended fuel cloud point temperature. This cloud point temperature is the temperature at which solids crystallize and precipitate resulting in pluggage of fuel lines. So, the higher biodiesel fuel blends result in higher cloud point temperatures.
  • Individual FAMEs range from a melting temperature of 54 degrees centrigrade with a corresponding boiling point of 394 degrees centrigrade to a melting point of minus 57 degrees centrigrade with a corresponding boiling point of 366 degrees centrigrade.
  • FAME components in biodiesel have large enough differences in melting and boiling points to separate them using crystallization or distillation. This would permit the production of customized biodiesel products to satisfy cold, temperate, and hot weather climates.
  • Physical separation of FAMEs by melting and/or boiling temperature would allow the production of a biodiesel that meets cold weather climate requirement of typically minus 20 degrees centrigrade. In addition, FAMEs with a melting temperature of minus 20 to minus 57 degrees centrigrade can be produced which are suitable for blending into aviation jet fuel.
  • Based on melting temperature, FAMEs can be cooled until the undesirable FAME components crystallize forming solids. Then the solids can be batch/continuous separated by centrifugation or vacuum filtration.
  • Based on boiling temperature, FAMEs can be distilled to separate low boiling from high boiling components. The low boiling components are also the low melting temperature components.
    • BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • I have discovered a method to produce a biodiesel (FAMEs) with lower melting temperatures than the biodiesel currently produced. This is achievable through separation of component FAMEs based on melting and/or boiling points.
  • The low melting/boiling temperature biodiesel (FAMEs) produced by this invention can be used to blend into petroleum diesel with reduced or no need for winterizing additives, used as cold climate biodiesel with reduced or no winterization, or blended with aviation jet fuel. A limited production of biodiesel could be used to replace aviation jet fuel when the FAME melting point is low enough.
  • The high melting/boiling temperature biodiesel (FAMEs) by-products produced by this invention can be used to blend into petroleum diesel for temperate or hot climates.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING
  • Not Applicable
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • The process described herein is not feedstock limited and is capable of processing different biodiesel feedstocks simultaneously or by campaigning. Inexpensive biodiesel feedstocks can be processed to maximize the value added by this process. So, an expensive oil that naturally has a mix of fatty acids which produce a lower cloud point temperature does not have to be used to produce a biodiesel for cold weather climates.
  • Biodiesel is typically blended into petroleum diesel at rates of 2-20% by volume. The amount of biodiesel blended is limited, because the biodiesel reduces the blended cloud point temperature. This cloud point temperature is the temperature at which solids crystallize and precipitate resulting in pluggage of fuel lines.
  • Melting and boiling temperature physical properties of various oils/fats can be found in the following;
  • Technical Committee of the Institute of Shortening and Edible Oils. Food Fats and Oils Ninth Edition. Institute of Shortening and Edible Oils Inc. 2006
  • Biodiesel Production Technology. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, July, 2004
  • Biomass Oil Analysis: Research Needs and Recommendations. June, 2004
  • Yuan W, Hansen A C, Zhang Q. Vapor pressure and normal boiling point predictions of pure methyl esters and biodiesel fuels. Elsevier. January, 2005
  • Biodiesel is a mixture of different length fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). These FAMEs have a range of melting temperatures which correspond to the carbon chain length and number of double bonds between carbon atoms. FAMEs range from a melting temperature of 54 degrees centrigrade with a corresponding boiling point of 394 degrees centrigrade to a melting point of minus 57 degrees centrigrade with a corresponding boiling point of 366 degrees centrigrade.
  • Physical separation of FAMEs by melting and/or boiling temperature allows the production of a biodiesel that meets the cold weather climate requirement of typically minus 20 degrees centrigrade. In addition, FAMEs with a melting temperature of minus 20 to minus 57 degrees centrigrade can be produced which are suitable for blending into aviation jet fuel.
  • The high melting/boiling temperature biodiesel (FAMEs) produced by this invention can be used to blend into petroleum diesel for temperate or hot climates.

Claims (10)

1. A separation process for biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters—FAMEs) components which will control the cloud point temperature of the biodiesel product.
2. The use of crystallization to separate FAMEs.
3. The use of distillation to separate FAMEs.
4. The production of a cold weather biodiesel for blending with petroleum diesel requiring reduced or no winterization.
5. The production of a cold weather biodiesel requiring reduced or no winterization.
6. The production of a cold weather biodiesel for blending with aviation jet fuel.
7. The production of a cold weather biodiesel for use as an aviation jet fuel.
8. The production of a temperate and/or hot weather biodiesel for blending with petroleum diesel.
9. Processing of different biodiesel feedstocks simultaneously or by campaigning.
10. Processing inexpensive biodiesel feedstocks to maximize the value added by this process.
US12/009,887 2008-01-23 2008-01-23 Biodiesel fuel for cold, temperate and hot weather climates and for aviation jet fuel Abandoned US20090183420A1 (en)

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012094649A1 (en) * 2011-01-06 2012-07-12 Duane Johnson A methodology of post-transesterification processing of biodiesel resulting in high purity fame fractions and new fuels
WO2013012983A1 (en) * 2011-07-20 2013-01-24 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Aviation gas turbine fuel with improved low temperature operability
US8735640B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2014-05-27 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining and producing fuel and specialty chemicals from natural oil feedstocks
US8889932B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2014-11-18 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of producing jet fuel from natural oil feedstocks through oxygen-cleaved reactions
US8933285B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2015-01-13 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of producing jet fuel from natural oil feedstocks through metathesis reactions
US8957268B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2015-02-17 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining natural oil feedstocks
US9000246B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2015-04-07 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining and producing dibasic esters and acids from natural oil feedstocks
US9051519B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2015-06-09 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Diene-selective hydrogenation of metathesis derived olefins and unsaturated esters
US9133416B2 (en) 2011-12-22 2015-09-15 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods for suppressing isomerization of olefin metathesis products
US9139493B2 (en) 2011-12-22 2015-09-22 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods for suppressing isomerization of olefin metathesis products
US9169174B2 (en) 2011-12-22 2015-10-27 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods for suppressing isomerization of olefin metathesis products
US9169447B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2015-10-27 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining natural oils, and methods of producing fuel compositions
US9175231B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2015-11-03 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining natural oils and methods of producing fuel compositions
US9222056B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2015-12-29 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining natural oils, and methods of producing fuel compositions
US9365487B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2016-06-14 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining and producing dibasic esters and acids from natural oil feedstocks
US9382502B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2016-07-05 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining and producing isomerized fatty acid esters and fatty acids from natural oil feedstocks
US9388098B2 (en) 2012-10-09 2016-07-12 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of making high-weight esters, acids, and derivatives thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5520708A (en) * 1994-04-26 1996-05-28 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Soybean oil ester fuel blends
US20040231234A1 (en) * 2003-05-19 2004-11-25 May Choo Yuen Palm diesel with low pour point for climate countries
US20060096159A1 (en) * 2002-12-07 2006-05-11 Rudolf Bonsch Method for improving the long term stability of biodiesel

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5520708A (en) * 1994-04-26 1996-05-28 Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. Soybean oil ester fuel blends
US20060096159A1 (en) * 2002-12-07 2006-05-11 Rudolf Bonsch Method for improving the long term stability of biodiesel
US20040231234A1 (en) * 2003-05-19 2004-11-25 May Choo Yuen Palm diesel with low pour point for climate countries

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8889932B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2014-11-18 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of producing jet fuel from natural oil feedstocks through oxygen-cleaved reactions
US8933285B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2015-01-13 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of producing jet fuel from natural oil feedstocks through metathesis reactions
US9169447B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2015-10-27 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining natural oils, and methods of producing fuel compositions
US9175231B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2015-11-03 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining natural oils and methods of producing fuel compositions
US10689582B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2020-06-23 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining natural oil feedstocks
US9732282B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2017-08-15 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining natural oil feedstocks
US8957268B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2015-02-17 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining natural oil feedstocks
US9000246B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2015-04-07 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining and producing dibasic esters and acids from natural oil feedstocks
US9051519B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2015-06-09 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Diene-selective hydrogenation of metathesis derived olefins and unsaturated esters
US9469827B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2016-10-18 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining natural oil feedstocks
US9464258B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2016-10-11 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Diene-selective hydrogenation of metathesis derived olefins and unsaturated esters
US9222056B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2015-12-29 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining natural oils, and methods of producing fuel compositions
US8735640B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2014-05-27 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining and producing fuel and specialty chemicals from natural oil feedstocks
US9382502B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2016-07-05 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining and producing isomerized fatty acid esters and fatty acids from natural oil feedstocks
US9365487B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2016-06-14 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods of refining and producing dibasic esters and acids from natural oil feedstocks
US9284512B2 (en) 2009-10-12 2016-03-15 Elevance Renewable Sicences, Inc. Methods of refining and producing dibasic esters and acids from natural oil feedstocks
WO2012094649A1 (en) * 2011-01-06 2012-07-12 Duane Johnson A methodology of post-transesterification processing of biodiesel resulting in high purity fame fractions and new fuels
US8715374B2 (en) 2011-01-06 2014-05-06 Green Fuels Research, Ltd. Methodology of post-transesterification processing of biodiesel resulting in high purity fame fractions and new fuels
WO2013012983A1 (en) * 2011-07-20 2013-01-24 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Aviation gas turbine fuel with improved low temperature operability
US9169174B2 (en) 2011-12-22 2015-10-27 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods for suppressing isomerization of olefin metathesis products
US9139493B2 (en) 2011-12-22 2015-09-22 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods for suppressing isomerization of olefin metathesis products
US9133416B2 (en) 2011-12-22 2015-09-15 Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. Methods for suppressing isomerization of olefin metathesis products
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