US20090017741A1

US20090017741A1 - Chimney cap with replaceable or recyclable ceramic catalytic filter insert

Info

Publication number: US20090017741A1
Application number: US11/777,365
Authority: US
Inventors: John G. Arnold, Jr.; Joseph D. Smith
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-07-13
Filing date: 2007-07-13
Publication date: 2009-01-15
Also published as: EP2165118A1; EP2165118B1; CA2687466A1; AU2007356508A1; WO2009011685A1

Abstract

A chimney cap device for a flue opening. The device includes a tubular housing with an open lower end and an open upper end. A plurality of louver openings in a lower portion of the tubular housing draw air into the tubular housing. A removable top is attached to the open upper end of the tubular housing wherein the top includes a plurality of exit openings. A liner is provided within and attached to the tubular housing. A removable catalytic converter insert is supported within the liner to treat emissions from a gas fired appliance.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is directed to a cap for a flue opening of a building. In particular, the present invention is directed to a cap for a flue opening having a replaceable filter in order to reduce emissions generated by a gas fired device, to extend the flue or chimney to enhance draw of exhaust, to protect from the elements, and to protect from entry of animals and debris. Additionally, the present invention provides a decorative external feature for a building.
2. Prior Art
Various types of flues and flue openings are known which are used to carry exhaust upward out of a building into the atmosphere. A wide range of chimney cap devices and chimney extensions have been designed and utilized in the past. Various chimney caps in the past have been constructed of clay or masonry. While functional and decorative, they are extremely heavy and difficult to move to a rooftop.
Lightweight, metal chimney caps have also been utilized. Examples include Assignee's U.S. Pat. No. 6,926,600, Assignee's U.S. Pat. No. 7,179,164, and Assignee's U.S. Design Pat. No. D535,010.
Various different types of gas fired devices are utilized in buildings which burn natural gas, propane, or other light hydrocarbon gases. These include gas fired fireplaces, gas fired hot water heaters, gas fired room heaters and other devices. In most instances, these devices require exhaust through a flue pipe and a flue opening through the roof of the building. While gas fired devices are fairly efficient, they emit a certain amount of carbon monoxide (CO) and unburned hydrocarbons.
Catalytic converters are known devices used to reduce the toxicity of various emissions. For example, catalytic converters have been used on automobiles for a number of decades. An example of a catalytic converter is seen in U.S. Pat. No. 3,441,381 titled “Apparatus For Purifying Exhaust Gases of An Internal Combustion Engine”. In one type of catalytic converter, carbon monoxide is converted to carbon dioxide and unburned hydrocarbons are converted to carbon dioxide and water.
Typically these devices must operate with temperatures above 600° C. for the catalysts to activate and oxidize CO and other unburned hydrocarbons. The present invention will operate at much lower temperatures (i.e. less than 200° C.).
There remains a need for a chimney cap device to reduce carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon emissions generated in gas fired devices before they are exhausted into the environment.
There remains a need for a chimney cap device for a flue opening for gas fired devices having a catalytic filter.
There remains a need for a chimney cap device for a flue opening having a catalytic filter that is replaceable by accessing an opening in the chimney cap device.
There remains a need for a chimney cap device with a replaceable catalytic filter insert that is both lightweight and decorative.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to a chimney cap device for a flue opening of a building. The device includes a tubular housing having an open lower end which fits over a flue pipe of the flue opening. The tubular housing also includes an open upper end opposed to the lower end.
A plurality of louver openings are provided in a lower portion of the tubular housing near the open lower end. The louver openings permit atmospheric air to enter the tubular housing and mix with exhaust gases from the flue pipe.
A removable top is attached to the open upper end of the tubular housing. The removable top includes a plurality of exit openings so that exhaust gases which pass through and out of the flue pipe will proceed upward through the tubular housing, into the removable top, and thereafter, out of the exit openings.
A metal liner is located within and spaced from the tubular housing. An opening or openings are provided through the liner adjacent the louver openings so that atmospheric air passing through the louver openings will not only pass into a space between the tubular housing and the liner, but will also pass info the tubular housing and be drawn upward toward the removable top.
The chimney cap device also includes a removable filter insert received in an optional carrier or holder having an open top and an open bottom. The carrier and filter insert are supported within the inner sleeve by a plurality of supports.
The filter insert promotes a chemical reaction wherein carbon monoxide from the exhaust gas is converted into carbon dioxide and wherein unburned hydrocarbons are converted into carbon dioxide and water. These gases and vapors are earned out the exhaust openings to the atmosphere.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a chimney cap device with a replaceable or recyclable catalytic filter insert for a flue opening constructed in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the chimney cap device illustrated in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the chimney cap device shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 is a front view of the chimney cap device shown in FIG. 3 with portions cut away for clarity;

FIG. 5 is a sectional partial view of the chimney cap device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the chimney cap device taken along section line 6-6 of FIG. 5; and

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the chimney cap device taken along section line 7-7 of FIG. 5.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The embodiments discussed herein are merely illustrative of specific manners in which to make and use the invention and are not to be interpreted as limiting the scope of the instant invention.
While the invention has been described with a certain degree of particularity, it is to be noted that many modifications may be made in the details of the invention's construction and the arrangement of its components without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. It is understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein for purposes of exemplification.
Referring to the drawings in detail, FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a chimney cap device 10 for a flue opening of the present invention while FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the device 10 shown in FIG. 1.
The chimney cap device 10 includes a tubular housing 12 which may take a number of configurations. The tubular housing has an open lower end 14 which fits over a flue pipe 20 of a flue opening of a building (not shown). The flue pipe 20 receives exhaust from a gas fired device in a building. It will be appreciated that the present invention may be utilized with a wide variety of flue openings and flue pipe configurations.
The tubular housing 12 also includes an open upper end 16 opposed to the lower end 14. The tubular housing 12 may be fabricated from flat sheet metal or other lightweight material. The tubular housing 12 may be configured so that a cross-section of the housing is in the form of a square, an octagon, a hexagon, a rectangle, a circle, or other configuration.
A plurality of louver openings 18 are provided in a lower portion of the tubular housing 12 near the open lower end 14. In one embodiment, the louver openings 18 are stamped or otherwise formed into the tubular housing 12. The louver openings 18 permit atmospheric air to enter the tubular housing and mix with exhaust gases from the flue pipe.
It will be appreciated that the present invention extends the length of the flue to enhance draw of the exhaust.
A removable top 24 is attached to the open upper end 16 of the tubular housing 12. The removable top 24 is shown apart from the device in the exploded view in FIG. 2. The removable top 24 includes a plurality of exit openings 26. The exit openings 26 may be stamped, punched, formed, or otherwise made into the sidewalls. The total area of the exit openings is greater than the cross-sectional area of the flue pipe. Accordingly, exhaust gases which pass through and out of the flue pipe 20 will proceed upward through the tubular housing 12 into the removable top 24 and thereafter out of the exit openings 26. In addition, atmospheric air may be drawn into and through the louver openings 18 of the tubular housing, through the tubular housing 12, into the removable top 24, and out of the exit opening 26.
The cap device 10 also includes an inner frame and mounting assembly 22 attached near the open lower end 16 of the tubular housing 12. The inner frame and mounting assembly 22 includes an anchoring and leveling mechanism to anchor the inner frame and mounting assembly to the building (not shown). In particular, the anchoring and leveling mechanism may be used to anchor the inner frame and mounting assembly to a chimney or to a roof 40.
One embodiment of an inner frame and mounting assembly is disclosed in detail in Assignee's U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,179,164 and 6,926,600, which are incorporated herein by reference.
The removable top 24 includes a pyramidal upper section 30. An optional heat deflector 32 beneath the pyramidal upper section 30 assists in creating turbulence in the exhaust gases and air. The turbulence assists in directing the exhaust gases and air out of the exit openings 26. An optional rain guard 34 may be installed inside of the removable top 24 to discourage rain from passing through the exit openings 26 into the tubular housing.
A metal liner 50 is located within and spaced from the tubular housing 12. An opening or openings are provided through the liner 50 adjacent the louver openings 18 so that atmospheric air passing through the louver openings 18 will not only pass into the space between the tubular housing 12 and the liner 50, but will also pass into the tubular housing 12 and be drawn upward toward the removable top. The air drawn into the space between the tubular housing 12 and the liner 50 acts to insulate the tubular housing 12 from the heat of the exhaust.
The chimney cap device 10 also includes a removable filter insert 60. The filter insert 60 is received into an optional carrier or holder 62 having an open top and bottom. FIG. 3 illustrates a front view of the chimney cap 10 and FIG. 4 illustrates a front view partially cut away for clarity. As seen in the partial sectional view in FIG. 5 and a sectional view in FIG. 7, a carrier 62 has an outwardly extending upper edge 52 which mates with the tubular housing and the liner 50 of the tubular housing. The carrier 62 and the filter insert 60 are supported within the inner sleeve 50 by a plurality of supports 64 which may take the form of metal L brackets. Other types of supports may be utilized within the scope of the present invention.
Once the top 24 has been removed from the device 10, the carrier 62 and its accompanying filter 60 may be removed.
Arrows 70 in FIG. 5 illustrate the path of exhaust gases from the flue opening which pass into and through the filter insert 60.
The filter insert 60 promotes a chemical reaction wherein carbon monoxide from the exhaust gas is converted into carbon dioxide and wherein unburned hydrocarbons are converted to carbon dioxide and water which are carried out the exit openings. Carbon monoxide combines with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and unburned hydrocarbons combine with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.
Various types of filter inserts may be employed. One type of catalytic converter includes a core or substrate fabricated from a ceramic honeycomb. The ceramic honeycomb has a series of thin walled rectangular channels which permit passage of gases therethrough. The openings are greater than the cross-section of the area of the flue pipe.
A washcoat is applied to the substrate core which may be a mixture of silicon and aluminum. The washcoat forms a rough, irregular surface. An oxidation catalyst is added to the washcoat in suspension before application to the core. The catalyst may be chosen from a variety of metal ingredients such as platinum, rhodium and/or palladium. Other types of metals might also be employed. The catalyst may be designed to operate at maximum efficiency between 140° F. (60° C.) and 300° F. (149° C.).
When in operation, the exhaust gases from the gas fired appliance, such as a gas fired fireplace, pass from the fireplace into and through the flue pipe 20. The exhaust gases mix with incoming atmospheric air entering through the louver openings 18 of the tubular housing. The gas mixture contacts the catalyst on the filter insert 60 whereby the carbon monoxide and the unburned hydrocarbons are oxidized to carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O). The purified gases are thereafter discharged into the removable top 24 and out of the exhaust openings.
Periodically, the removable top 24 may be separated from the device 10 by removing fasteners 58 shown exploded in FIG. 2. The filter insert 60 may be removed and cleaned, replaced or recycled.
It is estimated that more than 20 percent (20%) of the carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons may be destroyed through use of the present invention.
The preferred embodiment described herein applies to a passive catalytic converter, however, an electrical heating element may be added to the filter insert to raise the operating temperature.
The present invention might also be modified to include a sensor in or adjacent the filter insert to sense if the filter becomes plugged. In that event, a visual and/or audible alarm wired to the sensor would be triggered.
Whereas, the present invention has been described in relation to the drawings attached, hereto, it should be understood that other and further modifications, apart from those shown or suggested herein, may be made within the spirit and scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A chimney cap device for a flue opening, which device comprises:

a tubular housing with an open lower end and an open upper end;

a plurality of louver openings in a lower portion of said tubular housing to draw air into said tubular housing;

a removable top attached to said open upper end of said tubular housing wherein said top includes a plurality of exit openings;

a liner within and attached to said tubular housing; and

a removable filter insert within said tubular housing.

2. A chimney cap device for a flue opening as set forth in claim 1 including an inner frame and mounting assembly attached near said open lower end of the tubular housing having anchoring and leveling means to anchor said inner frame and mounting assembly.

3. A chimney cap device for a flue opening as set forth in claim 2 wherein said inner frame and mounting assembly includes receptacles and wherein said anchoring and leveling means includes a plurality of clips receivable in said receptacles.

4. A chimney cap device for a flue opening as set forth in claim 1 wherein said tubular housing is fabricated from flat sheet metal.

5. A chimney cap device for a flue opening as set forth in claim 4 wherein said louver openings are stamped into said flat sheet metal.

6. A chimney cap device for a flue opening as set forth in claim 1 wherein said tubular housing has a cross-section in a form chosen from the group consisting of an octagon, a hexagon, a square, a rectangle, or a circle.

7. A chimney cap device for a flue opening as set forth in claim 1 wherein said removable top is fastened to said tubular housing by fasteners.

8. A chimney cap device for a flue opening as set forth in claim 1 wherein said top includes a heat deflector to direct gases toward said exit openings.

9. A chimney cap device for a flue opening as set forth in claim 1 including a plurality of supports to uphold said filter insert.

10. A chimney cap device for a flue opening as set forth in claim 9 wherein said plurality of supports extend from said liner.

11. A chimney cap device for a flue opening as set forth in claim 1 wherein said filter insert is a catalytic converter.

12. A chimney cap device for a flue opening as set forth in claim 11 wherein said catalytic converter includes a core or substrate, a washcoat, and a catalyst.

13. A chimney cap device for a flue opening as set forth in claim 12 wherein said core or substrate is a ceramic honeycomb structure with gas flow passages.

14. A chimney cap device for a flue opening as set forth in claim 12 wherein said washcoat and catalyst are applied to said core or substrate.

15. A chimney cap device for a flue opening as set forth in claim 1 wherein said flue opening includes an upstanding flue pipe and wherein said tubular housing surrounds said flue pipe.

16. A chimney cap device for a flue opening, which device comprises:

a tubular housing fabricated from sheet metal with an open lower end and an open upper end;

a plurality of louver openings in a lower portion of the tubular housing to draw air into said tubular housing;

a removable catalytic converter filter insert; and

a plurality of supports extending from said liner to hold said filter insert within said tubular housing.

17. A chimney cap device for a flue opening as set forth in claim 16 including an inner frame and mounting assembly attached near said open lower end of the tubular housing having anchoring and leveling means to anchor said inner frame and mounting assembly.

18. A process to treat carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon emissions generated from a gas fired appliance, which process comprises:

passing exhaust gases from said gas fired appliance from a flue opening into a tubular housing of a chimney cap device;

permitting atmospheric air to pass through louver openings in a lower portion of said tubular housing into the tubular housing;

permitting said exhaust gases and said atmospheric air in said tubular housing to pass into and through a filter insert supported within said tubular housing;

treating emissions within said exhaust gases with said filter insert;

permitting gases passing through said filter insert to be received in a removable top; and

permitting passage of gases from said removable top through a plurality of exit openings in said removable top.

19. A process to treat emissions as set forth in claim 18 wherein said step of treating emissions includes promoting oxidation with a catalytic converter.