US20090008767A1 - Integrated circuit package with sputtered heat sink for improved thermal performance - Google Patents
Integrated circuit package with sputtered heat sink for improved thermal performance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090008767A1 US20090008767A1 US11/772,267 US77226707A US2009008767A1 US 20090008767 A1 US20090008767 A1 US 20090008767A1 US 77226707 A US77226707 A US 77226707A US 2009008767 A1 US2009008767 A1 US 2009008767A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- integrated circuit
- layer
- ductile material
- circuit die
- back surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/562—Protection against mechanical damage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
- H01L23/29—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the material, e.g. carbon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2223/00—Details relating to semiconductor or other solid state devices covered by the group H01L23/00
- H01L2223/544—Marks applied to semiconductor devices or parts
- H01L2223/54433—Marks applied to semiconductor devices or parts containing identification or tracking information
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/10—Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/15—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/16—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process of an individual bump connector
- H01L2224/161—Disposition
- H01L2224/16151—Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
- H01L2224/16221—Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
- H01L2224/16225—Disposition the bump connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/26—Layer connectors, e.g. plate connectors, solder or adhesive layers; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/31—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/32—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors after the connecting process of an individual layer connector
- H01L2224/321—Disposition
- H01L2224/32151—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
- H01L2224/32221—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
- H01L2224/32225—Disposition the layer connector connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being non-metallic, e.g. insulating substrate with or without metallisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/73—Means for bonding being of different types provided for in two or more of groups H01L2224/10, H01L2224/18, H01L2224/26, H01L2224/34, H01L2224/42, H01L2224/50, H01L2224/63, H01L2224/71
- H01L2224/732—Location after the connecting process
- H01L2224/73201—Location after the connecting process on the same surface
- H01L2224/73203—Bump and layer connectors
- H01L2224/73204—Bump and layer connectors the bump connector being embedded into the layer connector
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/15—Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/151—Die mounting substrate
- H01L2924/153—Connection portion
- H01L2924/1531—Connection portion the connection portion being formed only on the surface of the substrate opposite to the die mounting surface
- H01L2924/15311—Connection portion the connection portion being formed only on the surface of the substrate opposite to the die mounting surface being a ball array, e.g. BGA
Definitions
- the present invention is directed to the design and manufacture of integrated circuits. More specifically, but without limitation thereto, the present invention is directed to an integrated circuit package.
- a lid is attached to the backside of the die by a thermally conductive adhesive between the die and the lid.
- integrated circuit die technology reduces the size of silicon, faster performance is achieved with higher density and smaller chips. The faster performance leads to increased power and the need for heat dissipation from a smaller chip area and package.
- an integrated circuit package includes an integrated circuit die having a circuit surface and a back surface opposite the circuit surface. A layer of ductile material is deposited on the back surface of the integrated circuit die.
- a method of making an integrated circuit package includes the following steps.
- An integrated circuit die is provided having a circuit surface and a back surface opposite the circuit surface.
- a layer of ductile material is deposited on the back surface of the integrated circuit die.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a side view of a flip-chip integrated circuit package of the prior art
- FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of the flip-chip integrated circuit package of FIG. 1 without a lid
- FIG. 3 illustrates a side view of an integrated circuit package having a layer of ductile material sputtered on the back surface of the integrated circuit die
- FIG. 4 illustrates a flow chart for making the integrated circuit package of FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 1 illustrates side view 100 of a flip-chip integrated circuit package of the prior art. Shown in FIG. 1 are an integrated circuit die 102 , a thermal adhesive compound 104 , a lid 106 , underfill epoxy 108 , lid seal epoxy 110 , solder bumps 112 , a substrate 114 , and solder balls 116 .
- thermally conductive adhesive 104 has a bulk thermal conductivity of typically about 1-3 W/mK (Watts per meter Kelvin). Further, the contact resistance of the thermal adhesive reduces the heat dissipation capability of the thermally conductive adhesive 104 by about 50 percent. As a result, the thermal conductivity between the integrated circuit die 102 and the lid 106 is insufficient to meet the heat dissipation requirement of the flipchip package when operating the integrated circuit die 102 within power specifications. To provide increased heat dissipation for smaller dies and packages with increased power, higher thermal conductivity and lower contact resistance is needed.
- thermal conductivity One method of increasing thermal conductivity developed in the prior art is to increase the filler content of the thermally conductive adhesive 104 .
- increasing the filler content significantly reduces flow and dispensing properties of the thermal adhesive compound 104 .
- higher filler content increases the possibility of delamination of the thermal adhesive compound 104 from the lid or from the integrated circuit die 102 .
- increased filler content does not improve the contact resistance of the thermal adhesive compound 104 that reduces the effective thermal conductivity between the die and the lid.
- Another problem with increased filler content is that the thickness of the thermal adhesive compound 104 may not be reduced to less than about 50 microns. To avoid the problems encountered with the thermal adhesive compound 104 , the lid may be omitted from the integrated circuit package.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a side view 200 of the flip-chip integrated circuit package of FIG. 1 without a lid. Shown in FIG. 2 are an integrated circuit die 102 , underfill epoxy 108 , solder bumps 112 , a substrate 114 , and solder balls 116 .
- the lid 106 and lid seal epoxy 110 are omitted from the package of FIG. 1 to improve heat dissipation performance of the integrated circuit die 102 .
- the integrated circuit die 102 is susceptible to damage from handling during board level assembly and test processes as well as from accidental damage by an end user. Also, there is tensile stress on the integrated circuit die 102 due to the flipchip package construction. Because the integrated circuit die 102 is generally very brittle, a small external force/stress may result in breakage of the integrated circuit die 102 .
- the identification marking typically made on the back surface of the integrated circuit die 102 may create stress concentration points that increase the risk of die fracture.
- a preferred method is described below that overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art by leveraging the same techniques used in manufacturing flipchip integrated circuit packages.
- the method described below may also be used to improve thermal conductivity and reliability of other types of integrated circuit packages within the scope of the appended claims.
- an integrated circuit package includes an integrated circuit die having a circuit surface and a back surface opposite the circuit surface. A layer of ductile material is deposited on the back surface of the integrated circuit die.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a side view 300 of an integrated circuit package having a layer of a ductile metal sputtered on the back surface of the die. Shown in FIG. 3 are an integrated circuit die 102 , underfill epoxy 108 , solder bumps 112 , a substrate 114 , solder balls 116 , and a layer of ductile material 302 .
- the layer of ductile material 302 is formed on the back surface of the integrated circuit die 102 , for example, by a sputtering process typically used in semiconductor wafer production.
- Sputtering is a process widely used in the semiconductor manufacturing industry for depositing a thin film of a material on a substrate, for example, by a plasma of ions of the material carried by argon gas.
- Other film deposition techniques may also be used to practice various embodiments within the scope of the appended claims, for example, chemical vapor deposition.
- the ductile material is a metal, for example, titanium, aluminum, copper, or gold. The ductile property of the material absorbs energy by plastic deformation, that is, by changing shape without fracturing.
- the integrated circuit die 102 is protected from breakage during packaging and board level assembly, and tensile stress in the integrated circuit die is relieved by the energy absorbed by the layer of ductile material 302 , for example, during marking of the die for identification.
- the heat capacity of the ductile material protects the integrated circuit die 102 from thermal failure by absorbing heat from the integrated circuit die 102 and distributing the heat uniformly over the surface of the ductile material to dissipate the heat generated by the integrated circuit die 102 more efficiently.
- the protection afforded to the integrated circuit die 102 by forming the layer of ductile material to conduct heat from the integrated circuit die 102 and/or forming the layer of ductile material to relieve the integrated circuit die 102 from tensile stress advantageously reduces loss of die to breakage and overheating, resulting in increased production yield and reliability.
- a method of making an integrated circuit package includes the following steps.
- An integrated circuit die is provided having a circuit surface and a back surface opposite the circuit surface.
- a layer of ductile material is deposited on the back surface of the integrated circuit die.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a flow chart 400 for making the integrated circuit package of FIG. 3 .
- Step 402 is the entry point of the flow chart 400 .
- an integrated circuit die having a circuit surface and a back surface opposite the circuit surface.
- a layer of ductile material for example, aluminum, copper, or gold, is deposited on the back surface to protect the integrated circuit die.
- the deposition of the layer of ductile material may be performed, for example, by a film deposition process typically used in wafer processing or wafer bumping for a flipchip.
- the layer of ductile material is deposited to a thickness, for example, of one to five microns.
- Step 408 is the exit point of the flow chart 400 .
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention is directed to the design and manufacture of integrated circuits. More specifically, but without limitation thereto, the present invention is directed to an integrated circuit package.
- 2. Description of Related Art
- In previous construction techniques for packaging a flipchip integrated circuit die, a lid is attached to the backside of the die by a thermally conductive adhesive between the die and the lid. As integrated circuit die technology reduces the size of silicon, faster performance is achieved with higher density and smaller chips. The faster performance leads to increased power and the need for heat dissipation from a smaller chip area and package.
- In one embodiment, an integrated circuit package includes an integrated circuit die having a circuit surface and a back surface opposite the circuit surface. A layer of ductile material is deposited on the back surface of the integrated circuit die.
- In another embodiment, a method of making an integrated circuit package includes the following steps. An integrated circuit die is provided having a circuit surface and a back surface opposite the circuit surface. A layer of ductile material is deposited on the back surface of the integrated circuit die.
- The present invention is illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the accompanying figures, in which like references indicate similar elements throughout the several views of the drawings, and in which:
-
FIG. 1 illustrates a side view of a flip-chip integrated circuit package of the prior art; -
FIG. 2 illustrates a side view of the flip-chip integrated circuit package ofFIG. 1 without a lid; -
FIG. 3 illustrates a side view of an integrated circuit package having a layer of ductile material sputtered on the back surface of the integrated circuit die; and -
FIG. 4 illustrates a flow chart for making the integrated circuit package ofFIG. 3 . - Elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to point out distinctive features in the illustrated embodiments of the present invention.
-
FIG. 1 illustratesside view 100 of a flip-chip integrated circuit package of the prior art. Shown inFIG. 1 are an integrated circuit die 102, a thermaladhesive compound 104, alid 106,underfill epoxy 108,lid seal epoxy 110,solder bumps 112, asubstrate 114, andsolder balls 116. - A disadvantage of using the thermally
conductive adhesive 104 in theflipchip package 100 is that the thermallyconductive adhesive 104 has a bulk thermal conductivity of typically about 1-3 W/mK (Watts per meter Kelvin). Further, the contact resistance of the thermal adhesive reduces the heat dissipation capability of the thermallyconductive adhesive 104 by about 50 percent. As a result, the thermal conductivity between theintegrated circuit die 102 and thelid 106 is insufficient to meet the heat dissipation requirement of the flipchip package when operating the integrated circuit die 102 within power specifications. To provide increased heat dissipation for smaller dies and packages with increased power, higher thermal conductivity and lower contact resistance is needed. - One method of increasing thermal conductivity developed in the prior art is to increase the filler content of the thermally
conductive adhesive 104. However, increasing the filler content significantly reduces flow and dispensing properties of the thermaladhesive compound 104. Also, higher filler content increases the possibility of delamination of the thermaladhesive compound 104 from the lid or from the integrated circuit die 102. Further, increased filler content does not improve the contact resistance of the thermaladhesive compound 104 that reduces the effective thermal conductivity between the die and the lid. Another problem with increased filler content is that the thickness of the thermaladhesive compound 104 may not be reduced to less than about 50 microns. To avoid the problems encountered with the thermaladhesive compound 104, the lid may be omitted from the integrated circuit package. -
FIG. 2 illustrates aside view 200 of the flip-chip integrated circuit package ofFIG. 1 without a lid. Shown inFIG. 2 are an integrated circuit die 102,underfill epoxy 108,solder bumps 112, asubstrate 114, andsolder balls 116. - In
FIG. 2 , thelid 106 andlid seal epoxy 110 are omitted from the package ofFIG. 1 to improve heat dissipation performance of the integrated circuit die 102. However, if no lid is attached, the integrated circuit die 102 is susceptible to damage from handling during board level assembly and test processes as well as from accidental damage by an end user. Also, there is tensile stress on the integrated circuit die 102 due to the flipchip package construction. Because the integrated circuit die 102 is generally very brittle, a small external force/stress may result in breakage of the integrated circuit die 102. In addition, the identification marking typically made on the back surface of the integrated circuit die 102 may create stress concentration points that increase the risk of die fracture. - A preferred method is described below that overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art by leveraging the same techniques used in manufacturing flipchip integrated circuit packages. In addition, the method described below may also be used to improve thermal conductivity and reliability of other types of integrated circuit packages within the scope of the appended claims.
- In one embodiment, an integrated circuit package includes an integrated circuit die having a circuit surface and a back surface opposite the circuit surface. A layer of ductile material is deposited on the back surface of the integrated circuit die.
-
FIG. 3 illustrates aside view 300 of an integrated circuit package having a layer of a ductile metal sputtered on the back surface of the die. Shown inFIG. 3 are an integrated circuit die 102,underfill epoxy 108,solder bumps 112, asubstrate 114,solder balls 116, and a layer ofductile material 302. - In
FIG. 3 , the layer ofductile material 302 is formed on the back surface of theintegrated circuit die 102, for example, by a sputtering process typically used in semiconductor wafer production. Sputtering is a process widely used in the semiconductor manufacturing industry for depositing a thin film of a material on a substrate, for example, by a plasma of ions of the material carried by argon gas. Other film deposition techniques may also be used to practice various embodiments within the scope of the appended claims, for example, chemical vapor deposition. In a preferred embodiment, the ductile material is a metal, for example, titanium, aluminum, copper, or gold. The ductile property of the material absorbs energy by plastic deformation, that is, by changing shape without fracturing. As a result, the integrated circuit die 102 is protected from breakage during packaging and board level assembly, and tensile stress in the integrated circuit die is relieved by the energy absorbed by the layer ofductile material 302, for example, during marking of the die for identification. In addition, the heat capacity of the ductile material protects theintegrated circuit die 102 from thermal failure by absorbing heat from theintegrated circuit die 102 and distributing the heat uniformly over the surface of the ductile material to dissipate the heat generated by the integrated circuit die 102 more efficiently. The protection afforded to the integrated circuit die 102 by forming the layer of ductile material to conduct heat from the integrated circuit die 102 and/or forming the layer of ductile material to relieve the integrated circuit die 102 from tensile stress advantageously reduces loss of die to breakage and overheating, resulting in increased production yield and reliability. - In another embodiment, a method of making an integrated circuit package includes the following steps. An integrated circuit die is provided having a circuit surface and a back surface opposite the circuit surface. A layer of ductile material is deposited on the back surface of the integrated circuit die.
-
FIG. 4 illustrates aflow chart 400 for making the integrated circuit package ofFIG. 3 . -
Step 402 is the entry point of theflow chart 400. - In
step 404, an integrated circuit die is provided having a circuit surface and a back surface opposite the circuit surface. - In
step 406, a layer of ductile material, for example, aluminum, copper, or gold, is deposited on the back surface to protect the integrated circuit die. The deposition of the layer of ductile material may be performed, for example, by a film deposition process typically used in wafer processing or wafer bumping for a flipchip. The layer of ductile material is deposited to a thickness, for example, of one to five microns. - Step 408 is the exit point of the
flow chart 400. - Although the method illustrated by the flowchart description above is described and shown with reference to specific steps performed in a specific order, these steps may be combined, sub-divided, or reordered without departing from the scope of the claims. Unless specifically indicated herein, the order and grouping of steps is not a limitation of the present invention.
- While the invention herein disclosed has been described by means of specific embodiments and applications thereof, numerous modifications and variations could be made thereto by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention set forth in the following claims.
- The specific embodiments and applications thereof described above are for illustrative purposes only and do not preclude modifications and variations that may be made within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/772,267 US7479703B1 (en) | 2007-07-02 | 2007-07-02 | Integrated circuit package with sputtered heat sink for improved thermal performance |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/772,267 US7479703B1 (en) | 2007-07-02 | 2007-07-02 | Integrated circuit package with sputtered heat sink for improved thermal performance |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20090008767A1 true US20090008767A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
| US7479703B1 US7479703B1 (en) | 2009-01-20 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/772,267 Active US7479703B1 (en) | 2007-07-02 | 2007-07-02 | Integrated circuit package with sputtered heat sink for improved thermal performance |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US7479703B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20120086129A1 (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2012-04-12 | Hans-Joerg Timme | Manufacturing of a Device Including a Semiconductor Chip |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5583372A (en) * | 1994-09-14 | 1996-12-10 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Adhesion enhanced semiconductor die for mold compound packaging |
| US7075180B2 (en) * | 2003-12-29 | 2006-07-11 | Intel Corporation | Method and apparatus for applying body bias to integrated circuit die |
-
2007
- 2007-07-02 US US11/772,267 patent/US7479703B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5583372A (en) * | 1994-09-14 | 1996-12-10 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Adhesion enhanced semiconductor die for mold compound packaging |
| US7075180B2 (en) * | 2003-12-29 | 2006-07-11 | Intel Corporation | Method and apparatus for applying body bias to integrated circuit die |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20120086129A1 (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2012-04-12 | Hans-Joerg Timme | Manufacturing of a Device Including a Semiconductor Chip |
| US8883560B2 (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2014-11-11 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Manufacturing of a device including a semiconductor chip |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7479703B1 (en) | 2009-01-20 |
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