Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
  • C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
  • A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
  • A61P17/02—Drugs for dermatological disorders for treating wounds, ulcers, burns, scars, keloids, or the like
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
  • A61P17/06—Antipsoriatics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/12—Antivirals
  • A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
  • A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
  • A61P35/02—Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
  • A61P37/06—Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
  • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
  • C07D403/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D413/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings

Definitions

• the present invention relates to new compounds of general formula (1)
• Phenyl-substituted, nitrogen-containing five-ring heteroaryls for inhibiting cytokine production and hence for treating inflammatory diseases are described in WO 2004/050642, WO 2005/056535, WO 2005/090333, WO 2005/115991 and US 2006/0100204.
• the aim of the present invention is to indicate new active substances which can be used for the prevention and/or treatment of diseases characterised by excessive or abnormal cell proliferation.
• compounds of general formula (1) wherein the groups R 2 to R 4 , L, Q and n have the meanings given hereinafter, act as inhibitors of specific signal enzymes which are involved in controlling the proliferation of cells.
• the compounds according to the invention may be used for example for the treatment of diseases associated with the activity of these signal enzymes and characterised by excessive or abnormal cell proliferation.
• the present invention therefore relates to compounds of general formula (1)
• Q has a partial structure selected from among the partial structures (i)-(v)
• W, X and Y are each independently of one another selected from among ⁇ CR 5a — and ⁇ N—, Z is in each case independently selected from among
• L is selected from among —C(O)NH—, —NHC(O)—, —C(S)NH—, —NHC(S)—, —C(O)—, —C(S)—, —NH—, —S(O)—, —S(O)O—, —S(O) 2 —, —S(O) 2 O—, —S(O)NH—, —S(O) 2 NH—, —OS(O)—, —OS(O) 2 —, —OS(O)NH—, —OS(O) 2 NH—, —C(O)O—, —C(O)S—, —C(NH)NH—, —OC(O)—, —OC(O)O—, —OC(O)NH—, —SC(O)—, —SC(O)O—, —SC(O)NH—, —NHC(NH)—, —NHS(O)—,
• each R g in each case independently of one another denotes hydrogen or a group optionally substituted by one or more identical or different R h , selected from among C 1-6 alkyl, 2-6 membered heteroalkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-10 cycloalkyl, C 4-16 cycloalkylalkyl, C 6-10 aryl, C 7-16 arylalkyl, 5-12 membered heteroaryl, 6-18 membered heteroarylalkyl, 3-14 membered heterocycloalkyl and 4-14 membered heterocycloalkylalkyl, each R h is in each case independently selected from among hydrogen, C 1-6 alkyl, 2-6 membered heteroalkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-10 cycloalkyl, C 4-16 cycloalkylalkyl, C 6-10 aryl, C 7-16 arylalkyl, 5-12 membered heteroaryl, 6-18 membered heteroarylalkyl
• the invention relates to compounds with the provisos that
• R 1 denotes —C(O)NR c R c and L denotes (R 2 )—NHC(O)—
• R 2 may be an at most 6-membered heteroaryl
• R 2 denotes pyrazolyl and L denotes (R 2 )—C(O)NH—
• the hydrogen at the nitrogen atom of the pyrazole ring may not be substituted by methyl or 4-methylphenyl.
• L is selected from among —C(O)NH—, —NHC(O)—, —S(O)NH—, —S(O) 2 NH—, —C(NH)NH—, —NHC(NH)—, —NHS(O)— and —NHS(O) 2 — or denotes a bond.
• n has the value 0.
• Q has a partial structure selected from among the partial structures (vi)-(xiii)
• R 1 is as hereinbefore defined.
• Q has a partial structure selected from among the partial structures (vi) and (vii)
• R 1 is as hereinbefore defined.
• R 1 denotes a group optionally substituted by one or more identical or different R b1 and/or R e1 , selected from among C 3-10 cycloalkyl, C 4-16 cycloalkylalkyl, C 6-10 aryl, C 7-16 arylalkyl, 5-12 membered heteroaryl, 6-18 membered heteroarylalkyl, 3-14 membered heterocycloalkyl and 4-14 membered heterocycloalkylalkyl, or R 1 is selected from among —C(O)OR c1 , —C(O)NR c1 R c1 and —C(O)R c1 , each R b1 denotes a suitable group and is in each case independently selected from among ⁇ O, —OR c1 , —SR c1 , —NR c1 R c1 , halogen, —CN, —NO 2 , —C(O)R c1 , —C(O)
• R 1 is a group optionally substituted by one or more identical or different R b1 and/or R c1 , selected from among C 6-10 aryl, C 7-16 arylalkyl, 5-12 membered heteroaryl and 6-18 membered heteroarylalkyl, and R b1 and R c1 are as hereinbefore defined.
• R 1 is a group optionally substituted by one or more identical or different R b1 and/or R c1 , selected from among pyridyl, pyrimidyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolyl, furanyl, phenyl, benzyl, imidazo[2,1-b]thiazolyl, imidazo[1,2-a]pyridyl, thiazolyl-methyl and oxazolylmethyl and R b1 and R c1 are as hereinbefore defined.
• R 2 is selected from among pyridyl, pyrazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl and oxazolyl, all the above-mentioned groups optionally being substituted by one or more, identical or different R 5b and R 5b is as hereinbefore defined.
• each R 5b independently of one another is selected from among R a2 and R b2
• each R a2 is a group optionally substituted by one or more identical or different R b2 and/or R c2 selected from among C 1-6 alkyl, 2-6 membered heteroalkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 3-10 cycloalkyl, C 4-16 cycloalkylalkyl, C 6-10 aryl, C 7-16 arylalkyl, 5-12 membered heteroaryl, 6-18 membered heteroarylalkyl, 3-14 membered heterocycloalkyl and 4-14 membered heterocycloalkylalkyl
• each R b2 denotes a suitable group and is in each case independently selected from among ⁇ O, —OR c2 , —SR c2 , —NR c2 R c2 , halogen, —CF 3 , —CN, —NO 2 , —S(O)R
• the invention relates to compounds—or the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof—of general formula (1) as pharmaceutical compositions.
• the invention relates to pharmaceutical preparations, containing as active substance one or more compounds of general formula (1) or the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof optionally in combination with conventional excipients and/or carriers.
• the invention relates to the use of compounds of general formula (1) for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment and/or prevention of cancer, infections, inflammations and autoimmune diseases.
• the invention in another aspect relates to a pharmaceutical preparation
• a pharmaceutical preparation comprising a compound of general formula (1) and at least one other cytostatic or cytotoxic active substance, different from formula (1), optionally in the form of the tautomers, the racemates, the enantiomers, the diastereomers and the mixtures thereof, and optionally the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof.
• Alkyl is made up of the sub-groups saturated hydrocarbon chains and unsaturated hydrocarbon chains, while the latter may be further subdivided into hydrocarbon chains with a double bond (alkenyl) and hydrocarbon chains with a triple bond (alkynyl).
• Alkenyl contains at least one double bond, alkynyl at least one triple bond. If a hydrocarbon chain should have both at least one double bond and at least one triple bond, by definition it belongs to the alkynyl sub-group. All the above-mentioned sub-groups may be further subdivided into straight-chain (unbranched) and branched. If an alkyl is substituted, it may be mono- or polysubstituted independently of one another at all the hydrogen-carrying carbon atoms.
• butadienyl pentadienyl, hexadienyl, heptadienyl, octadienyl, nonadienyl, decadienyl etc. unless otherwise stated are meant unsaturated hydrocarbon groups with the corresponding number of carbon atoms and two double bonds, including all the isomeric forms, also (Z)/(E)-isomers, where applicable.
• propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl, octynyl, nonynyl, decynyl etc. unless otherwise stated are meant unsaturated hydrocarbon groups with the corresponding number of carbon atoms and a triple bond, including all the isomeric forms.
• heteroalkyl groups which are derived from the alkyl as hereinbefore defined in its widest sense by replacing, in the hydrocarbon chains, one or more of the groups —CH 3 independently of one another by the groups —OH, —SH or —NH 2 , one or more of the groups —CH 2 — independently of one another by the groups —O—, —S— or —NH—, one or more of the groups
• heteroalkyl is made up of the sub-groups saturated hydrocarbon chains with heteroatom(s), heteroalkenyl and heteroalkynyl, and it may be further subdivided into straight-chain (unbranched) and branched. If a heteroalkyl is substituted, it may be mono- or polysubstituted independently of one another at all the hydrogen-carrying oxygen, sulphur, nitrogen and/or carbon atoms. Heteroalkyl itself as a substituent may be attached to the molecule both through a carbon atom and through a heteroatom.
• Haloalkyl is derived from alkyl as hereinbefore defined in its broadest sense, by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms of the hydrocarbon chain independently of one another by halogen atoms, which may be identical or different.
• a direct result of the indirect definition/derivation from alkyl is that haloalkyl is made up of the sub-groups saturated hydrohalogen chains, haloalkenyl and haloalkynyl, and it may be further subdivided into straight-chain (unbranched) and branched. If a haloalkyl is substituted, it may be mono- or polysubstituted independently of one another at all the hydrogen-carrying carbon atoms.
• Halogen relates to fluorine, chlorine, bromine and/or iodine atoms.
• Cycloalkyl is made up of the sub-groups monocyclic hydrocarbon rings, bicyclic hydrocarbon rings and spirohydrocarbon rings, while each sub-group may be further subdivided into saturated and unsaturated (cycloalkenyl).
• unsaturated is meant that there is at least one double bond in the ring system, but no aromatic system is formed.
• bicyclic hydrocarbon rings two rings are linked such that they share at least two carbon atoms.
• spirohydrocarbon rings one carbon atom (spiroatom) is shared by two rings.
• Cycloalkyl itself as a substituent may be attached to the molecule through any suitable position of the ring system.
• cycloprop-1-enyl cycloprop-2-enyl; cyclobut-1-enyl; cyclobut-2-enyl; cyclopent-1-enyl; cyclopent-2-enyl; cyclopent-3-enyl; cyclohex-1-enyl; cyclohex-2-enyl; cyclohex-3-enyl; cyclohept-1-enyl; cyclohept-2-enyl; cyclohept-3-enyl; cyclohept-4-enyl; cyclobuta-1,3-dienyl; cyclopenta-1,4-dienyl; cyclopenta-1,3-dienyl; cyclopenta-2,4-dienyl; cyclohexa-1,3-dienyl; cyclohexa-1,5-dienyl; cyclohexa-2,4-dienyl; cyclohexa-1
• Cycloalkylalkyl denotes the combination of the alkyl and cycloalkyl groups defined hereinbefore, in each case in their broadest sense.
• the alkyl group as substituent is directly linked to the molecule and is in turn substituted by a cycloalkyl group.
• the linking of alkyl and cycloalkyl in both groups may be effected by means of any suitable carbon atoms.
• the sub-groups of alkyl and cycloalkyl are also included in the combination of the two groups.
• Aryl denotes mono-, bi- or tricyclic carbon rings with at least one aromatic ring. If an aryl is substituted, the substitution may be mono- or polysubstitution in each case, at all the hydrogen-carrying carbon atoms, independently of one another.
• Aryl itself may be linked to the molecule as substituent via any suitable position of the ring system. Typical examples are listed below.
• Arylalkyl denotes the combination of the groups alkyl and aryl as hereinbefore defined, in each case in their broadest sense.
• the alkyl group as substituent is directly linked to the molecule and is in turn substituted by an aryl group.
• the alkyl and aryl may be linked in both groups via any carbon atoms suitable for this purpose.
• the respective sub-groups of alkyl and aryl are also included in the combination of the two groups.
• Heteroaryl denotes monocyclic aromatic rings or polycyclic rings with at least one aromatic ring, which, compared with corresponding aryl or cycloalkyl, contain instead of one or more carbon atoms one or more identical or different heteroatoms, selected independently of one another from among nitrogen, sulphur and oxygen, while the resulting group must be chemically stable. If a heteroaryl is substituted, the substitution may be mono- or polysubstitution in each case, at all the hydrogen-carrying carbon and/or nitrogen atoms, independently of one another. Heteroaryl itself as substituent may be linked to the molecule via any suitable position of the ring system, both carbon and nitrogen. Typical examples are listed below.
• Heteroarylalkyl denotes the combination of the alkyl and heteroaryl groups defined hereinbefore, in each case in their broadest sense.
• the alkyl group as substituent is directly linked to the molecule and is in turn substituted by a heteroaryl group.
• the linking of the alkyl and heteroaryl may be achieved on the alkyl side via any carbon atoms suitable for this purpose and on the heteroaryl side by any carbon or nitrogen atoms suitable for this purpose.
• the respective sub-groups of alkyl and heteroaryl are also included in the combination of the two groups.
• heterocycloalkyl groups which are derived from the cycloalkyl as hereinbefore defined if in the hydrocarbon rings one or more of the groups —CH 2 — are re-placed independently of one another by the groups —O—, —S— or —NH— or one or more of the groups ⁇ CH— are replaced by the group ⁇ N—, while not more than five heteroatoms may be present in total, there must be at least one carbon atom between two oxygen atoms and between two sulphur atoms or between one oxygen and one sulphur atom and the group as a whole must be chemically stable.
• Heteroatoms may simultaneously be present in all the possible oxidation stages (sulphur ⁇ sulphoxide —SO—, sulphone —SO 2 —; nitrogen ⁇ N-oxide). It is immediately apparent from the indirect definition/derivation from cycloalkyl that heterocycloalkyl is made up of the sub-groups monocyclic hetero-rings, bicyclic hetero-rings and spirohetero-rings, while each sub-group can also be further subdivided into saturated and unsaturated (heterocycloalkenyl).
• unsaturated means that in the ring system in question there is at least one double bond, but no aromatic system is formed.
• bicyclic hetero-rings two rings are linked such that they have at least two atoms in common.
• one carbon atom spiroatom
• the substitution may be mono- or polysubstitution in each case, at all the hydrogen-carrying carbon and/or nitrogen atoms, independently of one another.
• Heterocycloalkyl itself as substituent may be linked to the molecule via any suitable position of the ring system.
• Heterocycloalkylalkyl denotes the combination of the alkyl and heterocycloalkyl groups defined hereinbefore, in each case in their broadest sense.
• the alkyl group as substituent is directly linked to the molecule and is in turn substituted by a heterocycloalkyl group.
• the linking of the alkyl and heterocycloalkyl may be achieved on the alkyl side via any carbon atoms suitable for this purpose and on the heterocycloalkyl side by any carbon or nitrogen atoms suitable for this purpose.
• the respective sub-groups of alkyl and heterocycloalkyl are also included in the combination of the two groups.
• substituted indicates that a hydrogen atom which is bound directly to the atom in question is replaced by another atom or another group of atoms.
• Bivalent substituents such as for example ⁇ O, ⁇ S, ⁇ NR, ⁇ NOR, ⁇ NNRR, ⁇ NN(R)C(O)NRR, ⁇ N 2 or the like can only be substituents at carbon atoms. They require exchanging for two geminal hydrogen atoms, i.e. hydrogen atoms which are bound to the same carbon atom saturated before the substitution. Substitution by a bivalent substituent is therefore only possible at the groups —CH 3 and —CH 2 —, not at the groups
• suitable substituent/suitable group is meant a substituent which on the one hand is suitable on account of its valency and on the other hand leads to a system with chemical stability.
• Air- and/or moisture-sensitive starting materials are stored under protective gas and corresponding reactions and manipulations using them are carried out under protective gas (nitrogen or argon).
• Microwave reactions are carried out in an Initiator made by Biotage or Explorer made by CEM in sealed containers (preferably 2, 5 or 20 mL), preferably with stirring.
• silica gel is used which is made by Millipore (named: Granula Silica Si-60A 35-70 ⁇ m) or C-18 RP-silica gel (RP-phase) made by Macherey Nagel (named: Polygoprep 100-50 C18).
• the thin layer chromatography is carried out on ready-made silica gel 60 TLC plates on glass (with fluorescence indicator F-254) made by Merck.
• the preparative high pressure chromatography is carried out using columns made by Waters (named: XTerra Prep. MS C18, 5 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ 100 mm or XTerra Prep. MS C18, 5 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ 100 mm OBD or Symmetry C18, 5 ⁇ m, 19 ⁇ 100 mm or Sunfire C18 OBD, 19 ⁇ 100 mm, 5 ⁇ m or Sunfire Prep C 10 ⁇ m OBD 50 ⁇ 150 mm or X-Bridge Prep C18 5 ⁇ m OBD 19 ⁇ 50 mm), Agilent (named: Zorbax SB-C8 5 ⁇ m PrepHT 21.2 ⁇ 50 mm) and Phenomenex (named: Gemini C18 5 ⁇ m AXIA 21.2 ⁇ 50 mm or Gemini C18 10 ⁇ m 50 ⁇ 150 mm), the analytical HPLC (reaction control) with columns made by Agilent (named: Zorbax SB-C8, 5 ⁇ m, 21.2 ⁇ 50
• the apparatus has the following specification:
• the compounds according to the invention may be prepared by the methods of synthesis described below, with the substituents of the general formulae having the meanings stated hereinbefore. These methods are intended to illustrate the invention without restricting it to their content or limiting the scope of the compounds claimed to these Examples. Where the preparation of the starting compounds is not described, they are commercially obtainable or may be prepared analogously to known compounds or methods described herein. Substances described in the literature are prepared according to the published methods of synthesis.
• the compounds A-1 are accessed by methods known from the literature, by diazotising 3-aminobenzoic acids in hydrochloric NaNO 2 solution and reacting them with sodium azide to form the aromatic azides.
• the Examples of type I are synthesised from the compounds A-1 by a cycloaddition (in order to insert the group R 1 ) and an amide coupling reaction (in order to insert the group R 2 ), and these two partial steps may be carried out in any desired order.
• the amide coupling is carried out using methods known from the literature with the aid of common coupling reagents, such as HATU or TBTU, or the compounds A-1 or B-1 are activated by means of thionyl chloride, oxalyl chloride or Ghosez reagent using methods known from the literature to form the corresponding acid chloride and then reacted with an amine R 2 —NH 2 .
• the amines used are commercially obtainable or are synthesised using methods known from the literature.
• the cycloaddition with the compounds A-1 and B-2 respectively is also carried out using methods known from the literature using a corresponding alkyne, CuSO 4 and sodium ascorbate.
• the alkynes used to introduce the groups R 1 are either commercially obtainable or are prepared from commercially obtainable aldehydes or aldehydes synthesised using methods known from the literature, e.g. by means of the Bestmann-Ohira reagent.
• the compounds C-2 may be accessed in a number of ways. Using methods known from the literature compounds of type C-1 are coupled with TMS-acetylene in a Sonogashira reaction. The cleaving of the silyl group may also be carried out using methods known from the literature (e.g. with K 2 CO 3 or TBAF). Any ester cleaving is also carried out using methods known from the literature.
• the Examples of type II are synthesised from the compounds C-2 by an amide coupling reaction (in order to introduce the group R 2 ) and a cycloaddition with an azide (in order to introduce the group R 1 ), while the two partial steps may be carried out in any order.
• the amide coupling is carried out using methods known from the literature with the aid of common coupling reagents, such as HATU or TBTU, or the compounds C-2 and D-2 respectively are activated by means of thionyl chloride, oxalyl chloride or Ghosez reagent using methods known from the literature to form the corresponding acid chloride and then reacted with an amine R 2 —NH 2 .
• the amines used are commercially obtainable or are synthesised using methods known from the literature.
• the cycloaddition with the compounds C-2 or D-1 is also carried out using methods known from the literature with the aid of CuSO 4 and sodium ascorbate.
• Aryl or heteroaryl azides for introducing the groups R 1 are obtained by known methods from the corresponding amine by diazotisation and reaction with sodium azide.
• Arylalkyl-azides, heteroarylalkyl-azides as well as most other azides are obtained by nucleophilic substitution of the corresponding halides, for example the bromide, with sodium azide.
• type III examples are synthesised via the intermediates E-2, which can be obtained starting from C-1 by reaction with CuCN with subsequent amide coupling in order to introduce the group R 2 .
• the amines G-1 are converted in known manner into the corresponding azides G-2, which react e.g. by means of alkynes that are commercially obtainable or that can be prepared as described in the literature in a cycloaddition to form compounds of the general type VII.
• Reaction scheme G2 shows an alternative method of obtaining the compounds of type VII.
• the intermediate G-3 is obtained by introducing a suitable protective group for the amino function (e.g. Cbz), subsequent reduction of the nitro group and azide formation.
• R 1 is introduced and the intermediate product G-4 is obtained.
• the group R 2 may subsequently be introduced by cleaving the protective group and reacting with heteroaryl-carboxylic acids that are commercially obtainable or may be synthesised using methods known from the literature, by known amide coupling methods, such as e.g. HATU or acid chloride activation.
• Type VIII compounds also have an inverted amide bond (analogously to type VII) and are synthesised starting from H-1 either via the intermediates H-2 or H-3 by the use of Sonogashira coupling reactions, amide couplings and cycloadditions in a suitable order, similarly to the manner described for compounds of type II in reaction scheme C and D.
• reaction scheme G1, G2 (type VII) and H (type VIII) (based on type I and type II, respectively) can also be applied to the inverting of compounds of type III, IV, V and VI by similar transformations.
• 3-amino-4-methylbenzoic acid (10 g, 65.5 mmol) is dissolved in 2N HCl (300 mL), cooled to 0° C., combined with a solution of sodium nitrite (5.42 g, 69 mmol) in 30 mL water and stirred for 30 min. Then a solution of sodium azide (4.73 g, 72 mmol) in 30 mL water is added dropwise, after it has all been added the mixture is stirred for a further 30 min and then heated to ambient temperature.
• Dimethyl-acetyl-methylphosphonate (14.123 g, 82 mmol) is placed in toluene (80 mL), cooled to 0° C. and sodium hydride (3.28 g, 60%), 82 mmol) is added batchwise thereto over a period of about 45 min.
• 4-acetamidobenzenesulphonic acid azide (20.31 g, 82 mmol) dissolved in THF (30 mL) is added dropwise at 0° C. and then the mixture is stirred overnight at RT.
• the carboxylic acid B-1a (0.9 g, 3.03 mmol) is dissolved in 1.814 mL thionyl chloride (25 mmol) and stirred for 8 h at 65° C.
• thionyl chloride 25 mmol
• the residue is taken up in DCM (30 mL) and reacted directly with the corresponding amine.
• 2-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine (0.42 g, 2.5 mmol) is placed in DCM (10 mL) and diisopropylethylamine (0.562 mL, 3.36 mmol), combined with the above freshly prepared acid chloride (in DCM) and stirred overnight at RT.
• Examples I-2 to I-59 are synthesised from the corresponding components.
• the azide A-1a (1 g, 5.655 mmol) is dissolved in 3.38 mL thionyl chloride (46.62 mmol) and stirred overnight at RT. The excess thionyl chloride is removed under reduced pressure and the solid remaining is taken up in DCM (20 mL), combined with 1.05 mL Hünig base (6.27 mmol) and then 3-amino-5-tert.-butyl-isoxazole (714.6 mg, 5.098 mmol) dissolved in DCM (10 mL) is added dropwise at RT and stirred for 30 min. For working up the solvent is eliminated under reduced pressure and the residue remaining is taken up in a little DMF.
• tert.-Butyl-4-(aminocarbothioyl)-tetrahydropyridine-1-(2H)-carboxylate (3.03 g, 12.4 mmol) is placed in THF (30 mL) with Hünig base (2.1 mL, 12.3 mmol) and bromine malonaldehyde (1.853 g, 12.3 mmol) is added at RT. After 3 d stirring at RT the solvent is eliminated under reduced pressure, the residue remaining is taken up in DCM and washed with aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and water. The organic phase is dried on magnesium sulphate, filtered and the filtrate is evaporated down under reduced pressure.
• Aldehyde B-3a (437.6 mg, 1.476 mmol) and the Bestmann-Ohira reagent (B-O, 415.3 mg, 2.162 mmol) are dissolved in MeOH (15 mL), combined with potassium carbonate (323 mg, 2.337 mmol) and stirred overnight at RT. Then the azide B-2a (217 mg, 0.725 mmol) is added, followed by sodium ascorbate (158.5 mg, 0.8 mmol) dissolved in water (1 mL) and 1.5 mL of a 0.1N CuSO 4 solution (0.15 mmol). After 5 d at RT the mixture is evaporated down under reduced pressure, combined with semiconcentrated NaHCO 3 solution and extracted several times with EE.
• B-O Bestmann-Ohira reagent
• V-I-60 or V-I-61 (429 mg, 0.725 mmol) is dissolved in DCM (50 mL) and at RT combined with trifluoroacetic acid (3.8 mL). After 45 min stirring at RT water is added, the mixture is made slightly basic by the addition of NaOH solution and the organic phase is separated off. The aqueous phase is extracted twice more with DCM, the combined organic phases are dried on magnesium sulphate and filtered and the filtrate is evaporated down under reduced pressure. The residue remaining is taken up in acetonitrile and water, frozen and finally freeze-dried.
• the compound I-60 thus obtained (75.3 mg, 0.153 mmol) is dissolved in DMF (1 mL), combined with isobutylaldehyde at RT (16 ⁇ L, 0.176 mmol) and stirred for 15 min.
• Acetic acid (9.636 ⁇ L, 0.168 mmol) and sodium triacetoxyborohydride (32.8 mg, 0.155 mmol) are added to this reaction solution and the mixture is stirred for 3 d at RT.
• Examples I-62 to I-68 or comparable additional examples may be obtained from the corresponding precursors, which are either commercially obtainable or may be prepared using methods known from the literature.
• Methyl 3-amino-4-methylbenzoate (1.652 g, 10 mmol) is dissolved in 35% sulphuric acid (18 mL) and acetic acid (6 mL) and cooled to 0° C. Then a solution of sodium nitrite (0.76 g, 11 mmol) in 3 mL water is added dropwise, the mixture is stirred for 1 h at 0° C. and for 1 h at RT, then a solution of potassium iodide (2.0 g, 12 mmol) in 4 mL water is added and the mixture is stirred for 2 h.
• the carboxylic acid C-2a (1.00 mmol) is dissolved in abs. THF (2.5 mL) and abs. DCM (10 mL) and at RT ⁇ -chloro-enamine reagent (Ghosez reagent, 1.10 mmol) is added dropwise. After 1 h at RT the amine (0.95 mmol) is added, DIPEA (2.50 mmol) is added dropwise and the mixture is stirred for 24 h.
• the carboxylic acid D-2a (152 mg, 0.54 mmol) is dissolved in thionyl chloride (2.0 mL) and heated for 6 h at 65° C. Then the mixture is evaporated down using the rotary evaporator, the residue is taken up in DCM (10 mL) and cooled to 0° C. A solution of the amine (68.0 mg, 0.49 mmol) and Hünig-base (98 ⁇ L, 0.60 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) are slowly added dropwise, then the cooling is removed and the mixture is stirred for 20 h. The reaction mixture is evaporated down using the rotary evaporator, taken up in DMF and the purified compound II-1 is obtained by RP-HPLC.
• E-1a (1.00 mmol) in anhydrous THF/DCM (8 mL, 1:1) is combined dropwise with oxalyl chloride (1.10 mmol) and one drop of DMF. The mixture is stirred for 2 h at RT and the mixture is then evaporated down completely using the rotary evaporator. The residue is taken up in DCM and combined with THF (1 mL). A solution of the amine (1.10 mmol) in THF and Hünig-base (3.00 mmol) are added dropwise and the mixture is stirred for 3 h at RT. Aqueous working up and recrystallisation from EtOH yields the compounds E-2. Analogously to this method compounds E-2 are generally obtained from the corresponding E-1 intermediates.
• the carboxylic acid (1.00 mmol) is dissolved in DMF (4.5 mL), combined with Hünig base (4.00 mmol) and TBTU (1.00 mmol) and stirred at RT for 15 min. Then E-3 (0.90 mmol) is added and the mixture is stirred for 3 h at RT. The mixture is briefly heated to 100° C. After cooling and chromatographic purification by RP-HPLC compounds of type II are obtained.
• Benzoic acid C-1a (1.00 mmol) is dissolved in 10 mL anhydrous DCM/THF (2:1) and combined dropwise with oxalyl chloride (1.05 mmol). Then a few drops of DMF are added and the mixture is stirred for 2 h at RT. The mixture is evaporated down completely using the rotary evaporator, dissolved in 5 mL DCM and a solution of the amine (0.95 mmol) and Hünig base in THF (2.80 mmol) is added dropwise. Then the mixture is stirred for 3 h at RT. After aqueous working up and recrystallisation from EtOH the compounds E-4 are obtained.
• E-4 (1.00 mmol) is dissolved in anhydrous THF (20 mL) under protective gas, cooled to ⁇ 20° C. and combined with iPrMgCl solution (2.20 mL, 1.8 M). The mixture is stirred for 2 h at this temperature. Then CO 2 is passed through the reaction mixture. After 1 h, NH 4 Cl solution is added and the mixture is extracted twice with EE. The combined organic phases are extracted three times with 2M NaOH solution and the combined aqueous phases are then acidified with 6M HCl and extracted several times with EE. Drying on Na 2 SO 4 and evaporation using the rotary evaporator yields compounds E-5.
• hydroxylamidines E-6 generally are obtained from the corresponding nitriles.
• the carboxylic acid R 2 —COOH (1.00 mmol) is placed in DCM (5 mL), combined with SOCl 2 (3.00 mmol) and catalytic amounts of DMF and stirred for 15 h at 120° C. Then the mixture is azeotropically evaporated down with toluene several times using the rotary evaporator. The residue is taken up in 5 mL DCM, combined with nitroaniline (1.00 mmol) and Hünig base (1.00 mmol) and stirred for 2 h at RT. The reaction mixture is then diluted with DCM (10 mL) and extracted under aqueous conditions. By drying on MgSO 4 and evaporating the organic phase the amide is obtained, which is reacted further without any further purification steps.
• the amide obtained (1.00 mmol) is taken up in MeOH (5 mL), combined with NH 4 Cl soln. (0.5 mmol in 5 mL H 2 O) and heated to 75° C. Then iron powder (5.00 mmol) is added batchwise and the mixture is stirred for 30 min at 75° C. After removal of the excess iron (using a magnet) and evaporation of the reaction mixture using the rotary evaporator, the compounds G-1 are precipitated out of the remaining aqueous phase. (N.B.: If the compound does not precipitate, G-1 may also be obtained by extraction or by chromatographic methods.
• nitro group may also be reduced using other methods known from the literature, such as for example catalytic hydrogenation with catalytic amounts of Pd/C or reduction using methods known from the literature with SnCl 2 in hydrochloric acid.) Analogously to this method 3-nitroanilines in general are reacted to form compounds G-1.
• Anilines G-1 (1.00 mmol) are dissolved in 10 mL 2M HCl and 10 mL THF and cooled to 0° C. At this temperature NaNO 2 soln. (1.20 mmol in 5 mL H 2 O) is added and the mixture is stirred for 60 min. Then NaN 3 soln. (1.10 mmol in 5 mL H 2 O) is slowly added at 0° C. The reaction mixture is stirred for 30 min at 0° C. and then for 1 h at RT. After aqueous working up the compounds G-2 are obtained, which are further reacted without any further purification steps.
• the compounds of type VII are generally synthesised using the corresponding aldehyde R 1 —CHO and the corresponding azide G-2.
• Compounds of general formula (1) are characterised by their wide range of applications in the therapeutic field. Particular mention should be made of those applications in which the inhibition of specific signal enzymes, particularly the inhibiting effect on the proliferation of cultivated human tumour cells but also the proliferation of other cells, such as endothelial cells, for example, plays a part.
• test substance solution 10 ⁇ L aliquots of test substance solution are placed in a multiwell plate.
• the dilution series is selected so as to cover a range of concentrations from 50 ⁇ M to 1 nM.
• the final concentration of DMSO is 5%.
• B-Raf (V600E) kinase solution 10 ⁇ L of the B-Raf (V600E) kinase solution are pipetted in (containing 2.5 ng B-Raf (V600E)-kinase in 20 mM Tris HCl pH 7.5, 0.1 mM EDTA, 0.1 mM EGTA, 0.286 mM sodium orthovanadate, 10% glycerol, 1 mg/mL bovine serum albumin, 1 mM dithiothreitol) and incubated for 24 h at RT with agitation.
• B-Raf (V600E) kinase solution 10 ⁇ L of the B-Raf (V600E) kinase solution are pipetted in (containing 2.5 ng B-Raf (V600E)-kinase in 20 mM Tris HCl pH 7.5, 0.1 mM EDTA, 0.1 mM EGTA, 0.286
• the kinase reaction is started by the addition of 20 ⁇ L ATP solution [625 ⁇ M ATP, 75 mM Tris HCl pH 7.5, 0.05% Brij, 0.5 mM sodium orthovanadate, 25 mM magnesium acetate, phosphatise cocktail (Sigma P2850, dilution recommended by the manufacturer), 0.25 mM EGTA] and 10 ⁇ L MEK1 solution [containing 50 ng biotinylated MEK1 (prepared from purified MEK1 according to standard procedure, e.g.
• reaction solution 55 ⁇ L of the reaction solution are transferred into a streptavidine-coated plate (e.g. Streptawell HighBond, Roche #11989685) and shaken gently for 1 h at RT, in order to bind biotinylated MEK1 to the plate.
• a streptavidine-coated plate e.g. Streptawell HighBond, Roche #11989685
• the plate is washed three times with 200 ⁇ L of 1 ⁇ PBS, and 100 ⁇ L solution of primary antibody plus europium-labelled secondary antibody [Anti Phospho-MEK (Ser217/221), Cell Signaling #9121 and Eu-N1 labeled anti-rabbit antibody, Perkin Elmer #AD01015], each diluted 1:2000 in Delfia Assay Buffer (Perkin Elmer 4002-0010), is added.
• IC 50 values are determined from these dosage-activity curves using Standard Levenburg Marquard algorithms (GraphPadPrizm).
• SK-MEL28 American Type Culture Collection (ATCC)
• ATCC American Type Culture Collection
• SK-MEL28 cells are in 96-well flat-bottomed plates at a density of 2500 cells per well in supplemented MEM medium (see above) and incubated overnight in an incubator (at 37° C. and 5% CO 2 ).
• the active substances are added to the cells in various concentrations so as to cover a range of concentrations from 50 ⁇ M to 1 nM. After a further 72 hours incubation, 20 ⁇ l AlamarBlue reagent (Serotec Ltd.) is added to each well, and the cells are incubated for a further 3-6 hours. The colour change of the AlamarBlue reagent is determined in a fluorescence spectrophotometer (e.g. Gemini, Molecular Devices). EC 50 values are calculated using Standard Levenburg Marquard algorithms (GraphPadPrizm).
• B-Raf Activating B-Raf triggers a signal transduction cascade, which leads to the phosphorylation and activation of MEK and, as a consequence, to the specific phosphorylation of ERK.
• the measurement of the phosphorylation status on the ERK protein is used as a measurement of the cellular activity of Raf proteins.
• the human melanoma cell line SK-MEL28 is cultivated in MEM medium, supplemented with 10% foetal calf serum, 0.15% NaHCO 3 , 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 1% non-essential amino acids (Gibco 11140-035) and 2 mM glutamine. 7500 cells are seeded in a multiwell plate and incubated overnight in an incubator (at 37° C. and 5% CO 2 ). The active substances are added to the cells in different concentrations, so as to cover a range of concentrations from 50 ⁇ M to 1 nM.
• the supernatant is removed and the cells are treated with 150 ⁇ L of 4% formaldehyde solution (in 1 ⁇ PBS) for 20 min. After the removal of the formaldehyde solution the cells are permeabilised five times, each time with 200 ⁇ L of 0.1% Triton X100 (in 1 ⁇ PBS) for 5 min and then treated with 150 ⁇ L of blocking solution [5% powdered milk in TBST (10 mM Tris HCl pH 8.0, 150 mM NaCl, 0.05% Tween)] for a period of 90 min.
• the blocking solution is removed, replaced by 50 ⁇ L of a solution with primary antibody (mouse anti-pERK1&2, Sigma M8159, diluted 1:500 in blocking solution, see above) and incubated overnight at 4° C. After elimination of the solution and washing five times with 0.1% Tween (in 1 ⁇ PBS) for 5 min in each case the cells are incubated for 1 h with 50 ⁇ L of a solution of the secondary antibody (rabbit-anti-mouse, coupled to horseradish peroxidase, e.g. DAKO PO161, diluted 1:1000 in blocking solution, see above).
• primary antibody mouse anti-pERK1&2, Sigma M8159, diluted 1:500 in blocking solution, see above
• Tween in 1 ⁇ PBS
• the solution containing secondary antibody is removed, washed five times with 0.1% Tween (in 1 ⁇ PBS) for 5 min in each case and a peroxidise reaction is carried out.
• 100 ⁇ L of the staining solution a 1:1 mixture of TMB peroxidase substrate (e.g. Kirkegaard & Perry Laboratories #50-76-02) and peroxidase solution B (H 2 O 2 , e.g. Kirkegaard & Perry Laboratories #50-65-02) is added and the mixture is incubated for 5-20 min.
• the reaction is ended by the addition of 100 ⁇ L 1 M phosphoric acid and the absorption is determined at a wavelength of 450 nm in a photometer (e.g. SpectraMax Plus, Molecular Devices). Standard Levenburg Marquard algorithms (GraphPadPrizm) are used to calculate the EC 50 values from the dosage-activity curves.
• the substances of the present invention are B-Raf kinase inhibitors.
• the inhibition of proliferation achieved by the compounds according to the invention is brought about primarily by preventing entry into the DNA synthesis phase.
• the treated cells arrest in the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
• the compounds of general formula (1) according to the invention the isomers, pharmacologically acceptable salts and polymorphs thereof are therefore suitable for the treatment of diseases characterised by excessive or abnormal cell proliferation.
• the compounds according to the invention are also tested on other tumour cells.
• these compounds are active on the colon carcinoma cell line Colo205 and can be used for this indication. This demonstrates the usefulness of the compounds according to the invention for treating various type of tumours.
• diseases with excessive or abnormal cell proliferation include for example: viral infections (e.g. HIV and Kaposi's sarcoma); inflammatory and autoimmune diseases (e.g. colitis, arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, glomerulonephritis and wound healing); bacterial, fungal and/or parasitic infections; leukaemias, lymphomas and solid tumours (e.g. carcinomas and sarcomas), skin diseases (e.g. psoriasis); diseases based on hyperplasia which are characterised by an increase in the number of cells (e.g. fibroblasts, hepatocytes, bones and bone marrow cells, cartilage or smooth muscle cells or epithelial cells (e.g.
• endometrial hyperplasia bone diseases and cardiovascular diseases (e.g. restenosis and hypertrophy). They are also useful for protecting proliferating cells (e.g. hair, intestinal, blood and progenitor cells) from DNA damage caused by radiation, UV treatment and/or cytostatic treatment.
• proliferating cells e.g. hair, intestinal, blood and progenitor cells
• brain tumours such as for example acoustic neurinoma, astrocytomas such as pilocytic astrocytomas, fibrillary astrocytoma, protoplasmic astrocytoma, gemistocytary astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma, brain lymphomas, brain metastases, hypophyseal tumour such as prolactinoma, HGH (human growth hormone) producing tumour and ACTH producing tumour (adrenocorticotropic hormone), craniopharyngiomas, medulloblastomas, meningeomas and oligodendrogliomas; nerve tumours (neoplasms) such as for example tumours of the vegetative nervous system such as neuroblastoma sympathicum, ganglioneuroma, paraganglioma (pheochromocytoma, chromaffinom
• the new compounds may be used for the prevention, short-term or long-term treatment of the above-mentioned diseases, optionally also in combination with radiotherapy or other “state-of-the-art” compounds, such as e.g. cytostatic or cytotoxic substances, cell proliferation inhibitors, anti-angiogenic substances, steroids or antibodies.
• radiotherapy or other “state-of-the-art” compounds, such as e.g. cytostatic or cytotoxic substances, cell proliferation inhibitors, anti-angiogenic substances, steroids or antibodies.
• the compounds of general formula (1) may be used on their own or in combination with other active substances according to the invention, optionally also in combination with other pharmacologically active substances.
• Chemotherapeutic agents which may be administered in combination with the compounds according to the invention include, without being restricted thereto, hormones, hormone analogues and antihormones (e.g. tamoxifen, toremifene, raloxifene, fulvestrant, megestrol acetate, flutamide, nilutamide, bicalutamide, aminoglutethimide, cyproterone acetate, finasteride, buserelin acetate, fludrocortisone, fluoxymesterone, medroxyprogesterone, octreotide), aromatase inhibitors (e.g., tamoxifen, toremifene, raloxifene, fulvestrant, megestrol acetate, flutamide, nilutamide, bicalutamide, aminoglutethimide, cyproterone acetate, finasteride, buserelin acetate, flu
• anastrozole anastrozole, letrozole, liarozole, vorozole, exemestane, atamestane
• LHRH agonists and antagonists e.g. goserelin acetate, luprolide
• inhibitors of growth factors growth factors such as for example “platelet derived growth factor” and “hepatocyte growth factor”, inhibitors are for example “growth factor” antibodies, “growth factor receptor” antibodies and tyrosinekinase inhibitors, such as for example gefitinib, imatinib, lapatinib and trastuzumab
• antimetabolites e.g.
• antifolates such as methotrexate, raltitrexed, pyrimidine analogues such as 5-fluorouracil, capecitabin and gemcitabin, purine and adenosine analogues such as mercaptopurine, thioguanine, cladribine and pentostatin, cytarabine, fludarabine); antitumour antibiotics (e.g. anthracyclines such as doxorubicin, daunorubicin, epirubicin and idarubicin, mitomycin-C, bleomycin, dactinomycin, plicamycin, streptozocin); platinum derivatives (e.g.
• cisplatin, oxaliplatin, carboplatin alkylation agents (e.g. estramustin, meclorethamine, melphalan, chlorambucil, busulphan, dacarbazin, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, temozolomide, nitrosoureas such as for example carmustin and lomustin, thiotepa); antimitotic agents (e.g. Vinca alkaloids such as for example vinblastine, vindesin, vinorelbin and vincristine; and taxanes such as paclitaxel, docetaxel); topoisomerase inhibitors (e.g.
• epipodophyllotoxins such as for example etoposide and etopophos, teniposide, amsacrin, topotecan, irinotecan, mitoxantron) and various chemotherapeutic agents such as amifostin, anagrelid, clodronat, filgrastin, interferon alpha, leucovorin, rituximab, procarbazine, levamisole, mesna, mitotane, pamidronate and porfimer.
• epipodophyllotoxins such as for example etoposide and etopophos, teniposide, amsacrin, topotecan, irinotecan, mitoxantron
• chemotherapeutic agents such as amifostin, anagrelid, clodronat, filgrastin, interferon alpha, leucovorin, rituximab, procarbazine, levamisole, me
• Suitable preparations include for example tablets, capsules, suppositories, solutions—particularly solutions for injection (s.c., i.v., i.m.) and infusion—elixirs, emulsions or dispersible powders.
• the content of the pharmaceutically active compound(s) should be in the range from 0.1 to 90 wt.-%, preferably 0.5 to 50 wt.-% of the composition as a whole, i.e. in amounts which are sufficient to achieve the dosage range specified below.
• the doses specified may, if necessary, be given several times a day.
• Suitable tablets may be obtained, for example, by mixing the active substance(s) with known excipients, for example inert diluents such as calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or lactose, disintegrants such as corn starch or alginic acid, binders such as starch or gelatine, lubricants such as magnesium stearate or talc and/or agents for delaying release, such as carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate phthalate, or polyvinyl acetate.
• excipients for example inert diluents such as calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or lactose, disintegrants such as corn starch or alginic acid, binders such as starch or gelatine, lubricants such as magnesium stearate or talc and/or agents for delaying release, such as carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate phthalate, or polyvinyl acetate.
• excipients for example inert dilu
• Coated tablets may be prepared accordingly by coating cores produced analogously to the tablets with substances normally used for tablet coatings, for example collidone or shellac, gum arabic, talc, titanium dioxide or sugar.
• the core may also consist of a number of layers.
• the tablet coating may consist of a number of layers to achieve delayed release, possibly using the excipients mentioned above for the tablets.
• Syrups or elixirs containing the active substances or combinations thereof according to the invention may additionally contain a sweetener such as saccharine, cyclamate, glycerol or sugar and a flavour enhancer, e.g. a flavouring such as vanillin or orange extract. They may also contain suspension adjuvants or thickeners such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, wetting agents such as, for example, condensation products of fatty alcohols with ethylene oxide, or preservatives such as p-hydroxybenzoates.
• a sweetener such as saccharine, cyclamate, glycerol or sugar
• a flavour enhancer e.g. a flavouring such as vanillin or orange extract.
• suspension adjuvants or thickeners such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, wetting agents such as, for example, condensation products of fatty alcohols with ethylene oxide, or preservatives such as p-hydroxybenzoates.
• Solutions for injection and infusion are prepared in the usual way, e.g. with the addition of isotonic agents, preservatives such as p-hydroxybenzoates, or stabilisers such as alkali metal salts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, optionally using emulsifiers and/or dispersants, whilst if water is used as the diluent, for example, organic solvents may optionally be used as solvating agents or dissolving aids, and transferred into injection vials or ampoules or infusion bottles.
• isotonic agents e.g. with the addition of isotonic agents, preservatives such as p-hydroxybenzoates, or stabilisers such as alkali metal salts of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, optionally using emulsifiers and/or dispersants, whilst if water is used as the diluent, for example, organic solvents may optionally be used as solvating agents or dissolving aid
• Capsules containing one or more active substances or combinations of active substances may for example be prepared by mixing the active substances with inert carriers such as lactose or sorbitol and packing them into gelatine capsules.
• Suitable suppositories may be made for example by mixing with carriers provided for this purpose, such as neutral fats or polyethyleneglycol or the derivatives thereof.
• Excipients which may be used include, for example, water, pharmaceutically acceptable organic solvents such as paraffins (e.g. petroleum fractions), vegetable oils (e.g. groundnut or sesame oil), mono- or polyfunctional alcohols (e.g. ethanol or glycerol), carriers such as e.g. natural mineral powders (e.g. kaolins, clays, talc, chalk), synthetic mineral powders (e.g. highly dispersed silicic acid and silicates), sugars (e.g. cane sugar, lactose and glucose) emulsifiers (e.g.
• pharmaceutically acceptable organic solvents such as paraffins (e.g. petroleum fractions), vegetable oils (e.g. groundnut or sesame oil), mono- or polyfunctional alcohols (e.g. ethanol or glycerol), carriers such as e.g. natural mineral powders (e.g. kaolins, clays, talc, chalk), synthetic mineral powders (e.g. highly disper
• lignin e.g. lignin, spent sulphite liquors, methylcellulose, starch and polyvinylpyrrolidone
• lubricants e.g. magnesium stearate, talc, stearic acid and sodium lauryl sulphate.
• the preparations are administered by the usual methods, preferably by oral or transdermal route, most preferably by oral route.
• the tablets may, of course contain, apart from the abovementioned carriers, additives such as sodium citrate, calcium carbonate and dicalcium phosphate together with various additives such as starch, preferably potato starch, gelatine and the like.
• lubricants such as magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulphate and talc may be used at the same time for the tabletting process.
• the active substances may be combined with various flavour enhancers or colourings in addition to the excipients mentioned above.
• solutions of the active substances with suitable liquid carriers may be used.
• the dosage for intravenous use is from 1-1000 mg per hour, preferably between 5 and 500 mg per hour.
• the finely ground active substance, lactose and some of the corn starch are mixed together.
• the mixture is screened, then moistened with a solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone in water, kneaded, wet-granulated and dried.
• the granules, the remaining corn starch and the magnesium stearate are screened and mixed together.
• the mixture is compressed to produce tablets of suitable shape and size.
• the finely ground active substance, some of the corn starch, lactose, microcrystalline cellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidone are mixed together, the mixture is screened and worked with the remaining corn starch and water to form a granulate which is dried and screened.
• the sodiumcarboxymethyl starch and the magnesium stearate are added and mixed in and the mixture is compressed to form tablets of a suitable size.
• the active substance is dissolved in water at its own pH or optionally at pH 5.5 to 6.5 and sodium chloride is added to make it isotonic.
• the solution obtained is filtered free from pyrogens and the filtrate is transferred under aseptic conditions into ampoules which are then sterilised and sealed by fusion.
• the ampoules contain 5 mg, 25 mg and 50 mg of active substance.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Immunology (AREA)
• Oncology (AREA)
• Communicable Diseases (AREA)
• Dermatology (AREA)
• Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
• Rheumatology (AREA)
• Virology (AREA)
• Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
• Neurosurgery (AREA)
• Cardiology (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Neurology (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• AIDS & HIV (AREA)
• Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
• Transplantation (AREA)
• Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
• Hematology (AREA)
• Vascular Medicine (AREA)
• Psychiatry (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
• Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Related Child Applications (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=37451134

Family Applications (2)

Family Applications After (1)

Country Status (21)

Cited By (27)

Families Citing this family (37)

Citations (6)

Family Cites Families (21)

• 2007
  • 2007-07-05 AU AU2007271089A patent/AU2007271089A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-07-05 UA UAA200900717A patent/UA95298C2/ru unknown
  • 2007-07-05 EP EP07787143A patent/EP2041116A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-07-05 BR BRPI0712795-2A patent/BRPI0712795A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-07-05 KR KR1020097002549A patent/KR20090028822A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-07-05 WO PCT/EP2007/056860 patent/WO2008003770A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2007-07-05 EA EA200900072A patent/EA200900072A1/ru unknown
  • 2007-07-05 JP JP2009518859A patent/JP5153773B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-07-05 PE PE2007000869A patent/PE20080401A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2007-07-05 MX MX2008015457A patent/MX2008015457A/es active IP Right Grant
  • 2007-07-05 NZ NZ574621A patent/NZ574621A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-07-05 CA CA002654898A patent/CA2654898A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-07-05 CN CNA2007800257771A patent/CN101501023A/zh active Pending
  • 2007-07-05 US US11/773,508 patent/US20080182837A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-07-06 AR ARP070103015A patent/AR061837A1/es unknown
  • 2007-07-06 UY UY30470A patent/UY30470A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2007-07-06 TW TW096124592A patent/TW200813043A/zh unknown
  • 2007-07-06 CL CL2007001996A patent/CL2007001996A1/es unknown
• 2008
  • 2008-12-01 EC EC2008008932A patent/ECSP088932A/es unknown
  • 2008-12-11 NO NO20085176A patent/NO20085176L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
• 2009
  • 2009-01-01 IL IL196313A patent/IL196313A0/en unknown
• 2010
  • 2010-11-15 US US12/946,069 patent/US8198308B2/en active Active

Patent Citations (7)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events