US20080072918A1 - Wig and method of manufacturing same - Google Patents
Wig and method of manufacturing same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20080072918A1 US20080072918A1 US11/534,886 US53488606A US2008072918A1 US 20080072918 A1 US20080072918 A1 US 20080072918A1 US 53488606 A US53488606 A US 53488606A US 2008072918 A1 US2008072918 A1 US 2008072918A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- wig
- fluoropolymer
- hairpiece
- hairs
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004761 scalp Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethene Chemical group C=C.FC(F)=C(F)F QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- WUMVZXWBOFOYAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluoro-1-(1,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobut-1-enoxy)but-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)=C(F)OC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F WUMVZXWBOFOYAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZPCMSSQHRAJCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-1-(1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoropent-1-enoxy)pent-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)=C(F)OC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F BZPCMSSQHRAJCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002821 Modacrylic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000276498 Pollachius virens Species 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41G—ARTIFICIAL FLOWERS; WIGS; MASKS; FEATHERS
- A41G3/00—Wigs
- A41G3/0083—Filaments for making wigs
Definitions
- Wigs are fabricated by fastening hair-like strands, which may be real human or animal hair or a synthetic fiber such as nylon, acrylic, modacrylic, polyester or other polymer, to a net-like base made from cotton or nylon.
- the base commonly contains an elastic material around the circumference of the base to help hold the wig in place on the wearer's head.
- fastening of the hair to the base is done manually or using sewing machines. A method of combining these two techniques is also employed.
- the present invention is directed to a wig implanted with synthetic hair that is resistant to heat degradation caused by heating, drying and styling and that exhibits quicker drying and decreased water absorption compared to conventional synthetic hair fibers.
- a wig formed of a cap or net foundation and synthetic hair represented by strands of fluoropolymer fibers.
- Fluoropolymer fibers are selected in part because they exhibit desirable water retention of between less than 0.01% (24 hour) for polytetrafluoroethylene and fluoroethylenepropylene fibers to 0.04% (24 hour) for polyvinylidene fluoride fibers and melting points ranging between 340° F. for polyvinylidene fluoride fibers to 621° F. for polytetrafluoroethylene fibers.
- fluoropolymer fiber hairs are resistant to stains, easy to clean and can be cleaned and styled using known styling methods and hair care products.
- fluoropolymer fiber means a fiber prepared from polymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene, and polymers generally known as fluorinated olefinic polymers, for example, copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropene, copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkyl-vinyl esters such as perfluoropropyl-vinyl ether and perfluoroethyl-vinyl ether, fluorinated olefinic terpolymers including those of the above-listed monomers and other tetrafluoroethylene based copolymers.
- the preferred fluoropolymer fiber is polytetrafluoroethylene
- the wig base and the method of manufacturing the wig can be provided according to any means known in the art, for example, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,799,502 to Kobayashi et al; U.S. Pat. No. 4,016,888 to Smiley; U.S. Pat. No. 4,817,641 to Kobayashi et al; U.S. Pat. No. 4,825,886 to Allen; U.S. Pat. No. 4,955,400 to Takahashi; U.S. Pat. No. 5,044,382 to Ando; U.S. Pat. No. 5,988,177 to Bate; U.S. Pat. No. 3,589,376 to Kohler; and U.S. 3,968,807 to Kraicer.
- the wig of the present invention can be made manually, for example, by shaping a wet cotton lace over a wig block to form a wig base, selecting a ventilating needle based on the number of hairs that are to be included in a knot, folding the hair in the root end so it makes a loop, taking the needle through the lace and grabbing a number of straws of hair back through the lace, forming a simple knot or a double knot and pulling the whole hair through the loop until the knot is complete.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
A wig exhibiting improved heat tolerance, stain resistance and decreased water absorption including a cap or net foundation and synthetic hair represented by strands of fluoropolymer fibers such as polytetrafluoroethylene multifilament fibers.
Description
- This invention relates to wigs and methods of manufacturing wigs and more particularly to wigs including fluorocarbon polymer fibers as artificial hair.
- Wigs are fabricated by fastening hair-like strands, which may be real human or animal hair or a synthetic fiber such as nylon, acrylic, modacrylic, polyester or other polymer, to a net-like base made from cotton or nylon. The base commonly contains an elastic material around the circumference of the base to help hold the wig in place on the wearer's head. Typically, fastening of the hair to the base is done manually or using sewing machines. A method of combining these two techniques is also employed.
- Today, most artificial hair is made of synthetic fibers. The reasons for this include ease of manufacture, low cost, readiness in obtaining the desired color of hair and the desire for less troublesome washing and care for the hair. A major convenience to a wig owner is the fact that a wig can be washed, styled and dried while it is not being worn. However, a major inconvenience with washing a hairpiece is the amount of time necessary to completely dry the hairpiece such that it may be worn. Depending on the moisture-retention properties of the wig, drying time in ambient conditions can be up to several days. Hair or wig dryers can be used to dry a wig, however newer drying devices operate at such high temperatures conventional synthetic fibers can become degraded and brittle. Additional heat degradation also occurs when these synthetic fibers are repeatedly styled using curling irons, hair straightening devices and the like.
- The present invention is directed to a wig implanted with synthetic hair that is resistant to heat degradation caused by heating, drying and styling and that exhibits quicker drying and decreased water absorption compared to conventional synthetic hair fibers. To achieve a wig having these improvements, there is proposed a wig formed of a cap or net foundation and synthetic hair represented by strands of fluoropolymer fibers. Fluoropolymer fibers are selected in part because they exhibit desirable water retention of between less than 0.01% (24 hour) for polytetrafluoroethylene and fluoroethylenepropylene fibers to 0.04% (24 hour) for polyvinylidene fluoride fibers and melting points ranging between 340° F. for polyvinylidene fluoride fibers to 621° F. for polytetrafluoroethylene fibers. Additionally, fluoropolymer fiber hairs are resistant to stains, easy to clean and can be cleaned and styled using known styling methods and hair care products.
- The present invention proposes substituting, in whole or in part, the real human or animal hair or a synthetic fibers typically implanted in a wig base as hair with multifilament fluoropolymer fibers. The term “fluoropolymer fiber” as used herein means a fiber prepared from polymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene, and polymers generally known as fluorinated olefinic polymers, for example, copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropene, copolymers of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluoroalkyl-vinyl esters such as perfluoropropyl-vinyl ether and perfluoroethyl-vinyl ether, fluorinated olefinic terpolymers including those of the above-listed monomers and other tetrafluoroethylene based copolymers. For the purposes of this invention, the preferred fluoropolymer fiber is polytetrafluoroethylene fiber.
- The fluoropolymer fiber can be spun by a variety of means, depending on the exact fluoropolymer composition desired. Thus, the fibers can be spun by dispersion spinning; that is, a dispersion of insoluble fluoropolymer particles is mixed with a solution of a soluble matrix polymer and this mixture is then coagulated into filaments by extruding the mixture into a coagulation solution in which the matrix polymer becomes insoluble. The insoluble matrix material may later be sintered and removed if desired. One method which is commonly used to spin polytetrafluoroethylene and related polymers includes spinning the polymer from a mixture of an aqueous dispersion of the polymer particles and viscose, where cellulose xanthate is the soluble form of the matrix polymer, as taught for example in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,655,853; 3,114,672 and 2,772,444. Preferably, the fluoropolymer fiber of the present invention is prepared using a more environmentally friendly method than those methods utilizing viscose. One such method is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,820,984; 5,762,846, and 5,723,081. In general, this method employs a cellulosic ether polymer such as methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, ethylcellulose or carboxymethylcellulose as the soluble matrix polymer, in place of viscose. Alternatively, if melt viscosities are amenable, filament may also be spun directly from a melt. Fibers may also be produced by mixing fine powdered fluoropolymer with an extrusion aid, forming this mixture into a billet and extruding the mixture through a die or post to produce fibers which may have either expanded or un-expanded structures. For the purposes of this invention, the preferred method of making the fluoropolymer fiber is by dispersion spinning where the matrix polymer is a cellulosic ether polymer.
- The wig base and the method of manufacturing the wig can be provided according to any means known in the art, for example, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,799,502 to Kobayashi et al; U.S. Pat. No. 4,016,888 to Smiley; U.S. Pat. No. 4,817,641 to Kobayashi et al; U.S. Pat. No. 4,825,886 to Allen; U.S. Pat. No. 4,955,400 to Takahashi; U.S. Pat. No. 5,044,382 to Ando; U.S. Pat. No. 5,988,177 to Bate; U.S. Pat. No. 3,589,376 to Kohler; and U.S. 3,968,807 to Kraicer. In addition, the wig of the present invention can be made manually, for example, by shaping a wet cotton lace over a wig block to form a wig base, selecting a ventilating needle based on the number of hairs that are to be included in a knot, folding the hair in the root end so it makes a loop, taking the needle through the lace and grabbing a number of straws of hair back through the lace, forming a simple knot or a double knot and pulling the whole hair through the loop until the knot is complete.
- Polytetrafluoroethylene multifilament fibers made in accordance with the preferred method are cut into desired lengths of not less than 24 cm. Implementing a method of manufacturing a wig as identified above, the fibers are implanted into a wig base or artificial scalp to provide a wig.
- As will be apparent to one skilled in the art, various modifications can be made within the scope of the aforesaid description. Such modifications being within the ability of one skilled in the art form a part of the present invention and are embraced by the claims below.
Claims (20)
1. A wig comprising:
a wig base for receiving hairs, and
hairs planted into the wig base,
wherein the hairs are fluoropolymer fibers.
2. The wig according to claim 1 wherein the fluoropolymer fibers are multifilament fibers.
3. The wig according to claim 2 wherein the multifilament fibers are dispersion spun fibers.
4. The wig according to claim 2 wherein the multifilament fibers are paste extruded fibers.
5. The wig according to claim 1 wherein the fibers are polytetrafluoroethylene fibers.
6. The wig according to claim 1 wherein the fibers are polyvinylidene fluoride fibers.
7. The wig according to claim 1 wherein the fibers are perfluoroalkoxy fibers.
8. The wig according to claim 1 wherein the fibers are fluoroethylenepropylene fibers.
9. The wig according to claim 1 wherein the fibers are ethylene tetrafluoroethylene fibers.
10. A hairpiece comprising:
an artificial scalp, and
a plurality of multifilament fluoropolymer fibers implanted in the artificial scalp.
11. The hairpiece according to claim 10 wherein the fluoropolymer fibers are selected from the group consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride fibers, perfluoroalkoxy fibers, fluoroethylenepropylene fibers, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene fibers and combinations thereof.
12. The hairpiece according to claim 10 wherein the fluoropolymer fibers are polytetrafluoroethylene fibers.
13. The hairpiece according to claim 12 wherein the fluoropolymer fibers are dispersion spun.
14. The hairpiece according to claim 10 wherein the fluoropolymer fibers exhibit a melting point of between 500° F. and 612° F.
15. The hairpiece according to claim 10 wherein the fluoropolymer fibers exhibit a water absorption over 24 hours of less than 0.01%.
16. A method of manufacturing an artificial hairpiece comprising:
providing a hairpiece base configured for receiving artificial hairs, and
planting fluoropolymer fiber artificial hairs in the hairpiece base.
17. The method according to claim 1 wherein the fluoropolymer fiber artificial hairs are polytetrafluoroethylene fibers.
18. The method according to claim 17 wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers are multifilament fibers.
19. The method according to claim 16 wherein the fluoropolymer fiber artificial hairs exhibit water absorption over 24 hours of less than 0.03% and a melting point of between 500° F. and 612° F.
20. The method according to claim 16 wherein the fluoropolymer fiber artificial hairs are selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, polyvinylidene fluoride fibers, perfluoroalkoxy fibers, fluoroethylenepropylene fibers, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene fibers and combinations thereof.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/534,886 US20080072918A1 (en) | 2006-09-25 | 2006-09-25 | Wig and method of manufacturing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/534,886 US20080072918A1 (en) | 2006-09-25 | 2006-09-25 | Wig and method of manufacturing same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20080072918A1 true US20080072918A1 (en) | 2008-03-27 |
Family
ID=39223610
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/534,886 Abandoned US20080072918A1 (en) | 2006-09-25 | 2006-09-25 | Wig and method of manufacturing same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080072918A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4135524A (en) * | 1977-03-30 | 1979-01-23 | Clairol Incorporated | Process for reducing critical surface tension and coefficient of friction in hair |
| US5083967A (en) * | 1987-05-23 | 1992-01-28 | Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fiber for doll's hair |
| US5218977A (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1993-06-15 | Masakatsu Takahashi | Wig-like cool cap and method for manufacturing |
| US5234370A (en) * | 1991-10-24 | 1993-08-10 | Mattel, Inc. | Posable doll hair and method of manufacture for the same |
-
2006
- 2006-09-25 US US11/534,886 patent/US20080072918A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4135524A (en) * | 1977-03-30 | 1979-01-23 | Clairol Incorporated | Process for reducing critical surface tension and coefficient of friction in hair |
| US5083967A (en) * | 1987-05-23 | 1992-01-28 | Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fiber for doll's hair |
| US5218977A (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1993-06-15 | Masakatsu Takahashi | Wig-like cool cap and method for manufacturing |
| US5234370A (en) * | 1991-10-24 | 1993-08-10 | Mattel, Inc. | Posable doll hair and method of manufacture for the same |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: TORAY FLUOROFIBERS (AMERICA), INC., ALABAMA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:WINTERS, ERIC W.;REEL/FRAME:018304/0264 Effective date: 20060925 |
|
| STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |