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US20070221535A1 - Package for multiple dose inhalators having optimised emptying properties - Google Patents

Package for multiple dose inhalators having optimised emptying properties Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070221535A1
US20070221535A1 US11/691,882 US69188207A US2007221535A1 US 20070221535 A1 US20070221535 A1 US 20070221535A1 US 69188207 A US69188207 A US 69188207A US 2007221535 A1 US2007221535 A1 US 2007221535A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
amino
phenyl
capsule
package
quinazoline
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US11/691,882
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English (en)
Inventor
Herbert Wachtel
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of US20070221535A1 publication Critical patent/US20070221535A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/0045—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/0045—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters
    • A61M15/0046—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters characterized by the type of carrier
    • A61M15/0048—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters characterized by the type of carrier the dosages being arranged in a plane, e.g. on diskettes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/0045—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters
    • A61M15/0046—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters characterized by the type of carrier
    • A61M15/0051—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters characterized by the type of carrier the dosages being arranged on a tape, e.g. strips
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/06—Solids
    • A61M2202/064—Powder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a package for pharmaceutical compositions, mixtures or formulations for use in a powder inhaler.
  • the multi-dose powder inhalers contain the pharmaceutical composition, mixture or formulation either in the form of a powder supply from which the single dose is taken from a well by means of a built-in metering unit, or pre-metered packaged single doses which are either stored together in the device (e.g., in the form of packaged amounts in blisters) or are placed individually in the device for use (e.g., in the form of capsules).
  • the manner of packaging in which the powder formulation is present in the device is critical to the quality of the product and hence to its suitability for use by inhalation.
  • a chief objective of the packaging is to keep the chemical composition of the atmosphere inside the packaging constant, in order to prevent physical or chemical changes to the pharmaceutical composition, mixture or formulation, or to stabilise them.
  • in-use stability a distinction is made between stability directed to the short term, which the pharmaceutical composition, mixture or formulation has to have per se, even if it is not adequately protected by the packaging (“in-use stability”) and the long-term stability, i.e., the stability which has to be guaranteed for as long as the pharmaceutical composition, mixture or formulation is contained in the unopened package.
  • fine particle dose refers to the dose that reaches the patient's lungs.
  • the fine particle dose is influenced by the interactions of the micronised particles of active substance with one another and also the interactions with the excipients.
  • a package it is also necessary for a package to have a shape and an opening pattern (i.e., the places in the packaging which allow the blister to be opened by piercing or cutting) which enable an optimum air supply and hence optimum delivery of the pharmaceutical composition, mixture, or formulation.
  • Examples of multi-dose powder inhalers are known in the art. They are known for example from EP 0 703 800 B1 or EP 0 911 047 A1, which disclose a powder inhaler consisting of a cup-shaped lower part and an equally cup-shaped lid. After placing the capsule in the capsule holder, the patient can press an actuating member which is movable from a resting position and thereby interacts with at least one pin that can be pressed into the capsule holder. The capsule is pierced by the pin or pins and the drug is released.
  • DE 3348370 and DE 3336486 further disclose inhalers which contain a disc-shaped blister pack comprising a number of wells arranged in a circle.
  • the individual wells each contain a dose of a medicament powder intended for inhalation.
  • the wells are closed off on both sides by a sealing film, for example.
  • An air channel connects the opened well with the mouthpiece of the inhaler.
  • the inhaler of DE 3336486 will be described in more detail. It comprises a housing in which there is a chamber (supply chamber) comprising an air inlet and in which there is a disc-shaped round blister with medicament pouches packed therein.
  • the blister is loosely connected to a rotatable round disc.
  • Around the disc are formed holes which are axially in contact with the medicament pouches, i.e., the pouches and holes are located above and below one another.
  • the chamber has an air outlet.
  • the inhaler also has a piston which is arranged so that it can open a pouch of medicament by piercing it, so that the medicament is released into the chamber and can be breathed in through a mouthpiece.
  • the primary packaging is characterized in that it is in direct contact with the inhalable formulation.
  • the primary packaging may optionally be surrounded by a second, outer protection, the secondary packaging.
  • the primary packaging may be, for example, a capsule, a solid or flexible blister with wells or a disc comprising wells.
  • the secondary packaging may be a blister, a pouch, a bag or other container.
  • the secondary packaging generally totally encloses the primary packaging. Secondary packaging is used particularly when the primary packaging does not provide adequate protection from moisture.
  • the primary packaging and optionally the secondary packaging have the task of protecting the active substance and also the entire inhalable formulation from chemical or physical change, so that it remains stable for long periods.
  • the physical changes in question may be, in particular, changes which might affect the delivery of the intended dose of fine particles.
  • the choice of a suitable material for the packaging is determined by two factors. On the one hand the material must be able to perform the protective function required. On the other hand the material must be such that the packaging can be made into the form needed for use in the powder inhaler and can perform the function expected of it.
  • the problem underlying the present invention is to optimise the shape of the packaging, the piercing pattern of the packaging and the fill level of a pharmaceutical composition, mixture or formulation, so as to improve the delivery of a pharmaceutical composition, mixture or formulation.
  • the present invention therefore relates to packages for inhalable powders, which are optimised in their shape, piercing pattern and fill level with a pharmaceutical composition, mixture or formulation.
  • FIGS. 1-10 show, by way of example, the different shapes of a capsule or of an individual well of a blister (known over all as packaging means) and the corresponding piercing positions.
  • FIG. 1 sphere or hemisphere, 5 hole-shaped inlet openings, 1 outlet
  • FIG. 2 sphere or hemisphere, 4 hole-shaped inlet openings, 1 outlet
  • FIG. 3 oval shape, 6 hole-shaped inlet openings, 1 outlet
  • FIG. 4 oval shape, 5 hole-shaped inlet openings, asymmetrical, 1 outlet
  • FIG. 5 oval shape, 3 hole-shaped inlet openings, asymmetrical, 1 outlet
  • FIG. 7 bone-shaped, 2 ⁇ 3 hole-shaped inlet openings, 1 outlet
  • FIG. 8 bone-shaped, 2 ⁇ 2 hole-shaped inlet openings, asymmetrical, 1 outlet
  • FIG. 9 figure-of-eight shape, 2 ⁇ 3 hole-shaped inlet openings, 1 outlet
  • FIG. 10 figure-of-eight shape, 2 ⁇ 2 hole-shaped inlet openings, asymmetrical, 1 outlet
  • FIG. 11 teardrop-shape, 3 hole-shaped inlet openings, 1 outlet
  • FIG. 12 teardrop-shape, 4 hole-shaped inlet openings, 1 outlet
  • FIG. 13 teardrop-shape, crescent-shaped inlet, 1 outlet
  • the invention relates to optimised packages as described above which allow improved air flow and hence improved delivery of a pharmaceutical composition, mixture or formulation by virtue of the shape of their opening pattern in their piercing pattern and the fill level with the pharmaceutical composition, mixture or formulation.
  • the packages consist of a capsule, a blister, a blister disc or a blister strip. These different forms (with the exception of the capsules) will hereinafter be referred to over all as blisters.
  • the capsule generally consists of two parts, a capsule body (body) and a capsule cap (cap), which fit telescopically inside one another.
  • body body
  • capsule cap cap
  • multi-part capsules are also known. It is preferable to use size 2-4 capsules, most preferably size 3 capsules.
  • the capsule material is non-digestible plastics or gelatine, particularly hard gelatine.
  • the blister disc may be, for example, a cylinder-like disc up to 5 mm high and up to 15 cm in diameter. In the disc are depressions or holes (wells) formed perpendicularly to the plane of the disc.
  • a disc of this kind may for example be placed in an inhaler according to DE 3348370 or DE 3336486.
  • An inhaler of this kind has a housing which contains the disc-shaped round blister with medicament pouches packed therein.
  • the inhaler comprises, inter alia, a pin which is arranged so that it can open one medicament pouch, so that the medicament is released into the chamber and can be breathed in through a mouthpiece.
  • the shape of the package according to the invention including the shape of the well is fundamentally determined by the powder inhaler which is to be used.
  • the packaging is teardrop-shaped or oval or in the shape of a figure of eight.
  • the inflow surfaces and outflow surface(s) are as far away from one another as possible.
  • the package which is a blister first of all comprises a base element consisting of a thermoplastic plastics and at least two wells separated from one another by a web.
  • the wells are open at least on one side, possible on two opposing sides. These openings are closed off in the packaging ready for use, e.g., by means of a sealing foil which is attached to the base element.
  • the package may consist of standard commercial materials. Preferably, it consists of a plastics material. Most preferably, the materials used as plastics selected from among the thermoplastic polymers such as, e.g., polystyrenes, polyolefins, polyamides, polyvinyl chlorides, polyethylenes, polycarbonate, polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate or polyurethane. These have the necessary rigidity or mobility to enable them to perform the mechanical tasks of the primary packaging. Also suitable are, for example, natural substances such as gelatine or composite materials of plastics and metals, such as aluminium.
  • the thermoplastic polymers such as, e.g., polystyrenes, polyolefins, polyamides, polyvinyl chlorides, polyethylenes, polycarbonate, polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate or polyurethane.
  • these have the necessary rigidity or mobility to enable them to perform the mechanical tasks of the primary packaging.
  • natural substances such as gelatine
  • all the walls of the well should consist of the same material.
  • at least the wall that closes off the opening may be made of a different material from the other walls.
  • composition or processing can be found in the prior art, particularly EP599690, EP432438 or EP400460.
  • the fill level of the pharmaceutical composition, mixture or formulation in the package can be optimised and will depend on the flowability of the pharmaceutical composition, mixture or formulation.
  • flowability indicates the ability of the pharmaceutical composition, mixture or formulation to flow easily as a loose material.
  • ⁇ 1 is the solidification tension and ⁇ c is the bulk strength. Normally the flowability is determined using a ring shear device.
  • the flowability accords with the following: 4 ⁇ ff c >1.
  • packages are used which are partly filled, such that there is a free passage for air between at least one inlet opening and an outlet opening.
  • the formula for the flowability is 4 ⁇ ff c .
  • packages which are partly filled are used, such that there is a free passage of air between at least one inlet opening and an outlet opening, or which are completely filled so that an advantageous (simple and inexpensive) filling process can be used.
  • the fill volume is determined by the shape of the packaging and there is no need for any special metering process.
  • compositions, formulations or mixtures include all the inhalable compounds, such as, e.g., inhalable macromolecules, as disclosed in EP 1 003 478.
  • W is a pharmacologically active substance and is selected (for example) from among the betamimetics, anticholinergics, corticosteroids, PDE4-inhibitors, LTD4-antagonists, EGFR-inhibitors, dopamine agonists, H1-antihistamines, PAF-antagonists, and P13-kinase inhibitors.
  • W might be, for example:
  • the compounds used as betamimetics are preferably compounds selected from among albuterol, arformoterol, bambuterol, bitolterol, broxaterol, carbuterol, clenbuterol, fenoterol, formoterol, hexoprenaline, ibuterol, isoetharine, isoprenaline, levosalbutamol, mabuterol, meluadrine, metaproterenol, orciprenaline, pirbuterol, procaterol, reproterol, rimiterol, ritodrine, salmefamol, salmeterol, soterenol, sulphonterol, terbutaline, tiaramide, tolubuterol, zinterol, CHF-1035, HOKU-81, KUL-1248, and
  • the anticholinergics used are preferably compounds selected from among the tiotropium salts, preferably the bromide salt, oxitropium salts, preferably the bromide salt, flutropium salts, preferably the bromide salt, ipratropium salts, preferably the bromide salt, glycopyrronium salts, preferably the bromide salt, trospium salts, preferably the chloride salt, tolterodine.
  • the cations are the pharmacologically active constituents.
  • the above-mentioned salts may preferably contain the chloride, bromide, iodide, sulphate, phosphate, methanesulphonate, nitrate, maleate, acetate, citrate, fumarate, tartrate, oxalate, succinate, benzoate or p-toluenesulphonate, while chloride, bromide, iodide, sulphate, methanesulphonate or p-toluenesulphonate are preferred as counter-ions.
  • the chlorides, bromides, iodides, and methanesulphonates are particularly preferred.
  • X ⁇ denotes an anion with a single negative charge, preferably an anion selected from among the fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, sulphate, phosphate, methanesulphonate, nitrate, maleate, acetate, citrate, fumarate, tartrate, oxalate, succinate, benzoate and p-toluenesulphonate, preferably an anion with a single negative charge, particularly preferably an anion selected from among the fluoride, chloride, bromide, methanesulphonate and p-toluenesulphonate, particularly preferably bromide, optionally in the form of the racemates, enantiomers or hydrates thereof.
  • corticosteroids it is preferable to use compounds selected from among beclomethasone, betamethasone, budesonide, butixocort, ciclesonide, deflazacort, dexamethasone, etiprednol, flunisolide, fluticasone, loteprednol, mometasone, prednisolone, prednisone, rofleponide, triamcinolone, RPR-106541, NS-126, ST-26, and
  • PDE4-inhibitors which may be used are preferably compounds selected from among enprofyllin, theophyllin, roflumilast, ariflo (cilomilast), tofimilast, pumafentrin, lirimilast, arofyllin, atizoram, D-4418, Bay-198004, BY343, CP-325.366, D-4396 (Sch-351591), AWD-12-281 (GW-842470), NCS-613, CDP-840, D-4418, PD-168787, T-440, T-2585, V-11294A, C1-1018, CDC-801, CDC-3052, D-22888, YM-58997, Z-15370, and
  • the LTD4-antagonists used are preferably compounds selected from among montelukast, pranlukast, zafirlukast, MCC-847 (ZD-3523), MN-001,MEN-91507 (LM-1507), VUF-5078, VUF-K-8707, L-733321 and
  • EGFR-inhibitors which may be used are preferably compounds selected from among cetuximab, trastuzumab, ABX-EGF, Mab ICR-62, and
  • the dopamine agonists used are preferably compounds selected from among bromocriptin, cabergoline, alpha-dihydroergocryptine, lisuride, pergolide, pramipexol, roxindol, ropinirol, talipexol, tergurid, and viozan, optionally in the form of the racemates, enantiomers, diastereomers thereof and optionally in the form of the pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts, solvates or hydrates thereof.
  • these acid addition salts are preferably selected from among the hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydriodide, hydrosulphate, hydrophosphate, hydromethanesulphonate, hydronitrate, hydromaleate, hydroacetate, hydrocitrate, hydrofumarate, hydrotartrate, hydrooxalate, hydrosuccinate, hydrobenzoate, and hydro-p-toluenesulphonate.
  • H1-Antihistamines which may be used are preferably compounds selected from among epinastine, cetirizine, azelastine, fexofenadine, levocabastine, loratadine, mizolastine, ketotifen, emedastine, dimetindene, clemastine, bamipine, cexchlorpheniramine, pheniramine, doxylamine, chlorophenoxamine, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, promethazine, ebastine, desloratidine, and meclozine, optionally in the form of the racemates, enantiomers, diastereomers thereof and optionally in the form of the pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts, solvates, or hydrates thereof.
  • these acid addition salts are preferably selected from among the hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydriodide, hydrosulphate, hydrophosphate, hydromethanesulphonate, hydronitrate, hydromaleate, hydroacetate, hydrocitrate, hydrofumarate, hydrotartrate, hydroxalate, hydrosuccinate, hydrobenzoate, and hydro-p-toluenesulphonate.
  • the compounds may come from the groups of ergot alkaloid derivatives, the triptans, the CGRP-inhibitors, the phosphodiesterase-V inhibitors, optionally in the form of the racemates, enantiomers, or diastereomers thereof, optionally in the form of the pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salts, the solvates, and/or hydrates thereof.
  • Examples of ergot alkaloid derivatives are dihydroergotamine and ergotamine.
  • suitable substances include pharmaceutical compositions, pharmaceutical formulations and mixtures with the above-mentioned active substances, as well as the salts and esters thereof and combinations of these active substances, salts, and esters.
  • the emptying properties were determined using a standard powder (glass beads) by measuring the time taken for emptying a given constant flow by volume (corresponding to 10 L/min of air).
  • Table 1 shows the emptying time of the different shapes of capsules or blisters.
  • the inlet openings are shown in the drawings as small circles while the outlet openings are shown as large circles.
  • the active substance in micronised form has a particle size of 1-5 ⁇ m.
  • the powder mixture also contains lactose 200 m.
  • a well of a package which has an optimum air flow by reason of its shape and opening patter has significantly enhanced emptying properties.
  • the following formula applies to the ratio V (sum of the inflow surfaces divided by the sum of the outflow surfaces): 0.5 ⁇ V ⁇ 2.
  • the sum of the inflow surfaces should be equal to the sum of the outflow surfaces.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
US11/691,882 2006-03-27 2007-03-27 Package for multiple dose inhalators having optimised emptying properties Abandoned US20070221535A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006014434A DE102006014434A1 (de) 2006-03-27 2006-03-27 Packmittel für Mehrdosispulverinhalatoren mit optimierten Entleerungseigenschaften
DE102006014434 2006-03-27

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US20070221535A1 true US20070221535A1 (en) 2007-09-27

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US (1) US20070221535A1 (es)
EP (1) EP2001536A1 (es)
JP (1) JP2009531238A (es)
KR (1) KR20080110866A (es)
CN (1) CN101410147A (es)
AR (1) AR060073A1 (es)
AU (1) AU2007229530A1 (es)
BR (1) BRPI0710106A2 (es)
CA (1) CA2646337A1 (es)
DE (1) DE102006014434A1 (es)
EA (1) EA200801917A1 (es)
EC (1) ECSP088768A (es)
MX (1) MX2008011694A (es)
NO (1) NO20083890L (es)
PE (1) PE20071301A1 (es)
TW (1) TW200803933A (es)
UY (1) UY30234A1 (es)
WO (1) WO2007110402A1 (es)
ZA (1) ZA200807579B (es)

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US3927195A (en) * 1974-01-31 1975-12-16 Lilly Industries Ltd Production of capsules
US3991761A (en) * 1974-03-18 1976-11-16 Salvatore Cocozza Inhaler for powdered medicaments
US5673686A (en) * 1994-02-02 1997-10-07 Plurichemie Anstalt Medicament inhaler and method
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US10149951B2 (en) * 2013-10-15 2018-12-11 Mystic Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Controllable rate turbulating nozzle

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PE20071301A1 (es) 2008-02-04
EP2001536A1 (de) 2008-12-17
EA200801917A1 (ru) 2009-04-28
CA2646337A1 (en) 2007-10-04
BRPI0710106A2 (pt) 2011-08-02
CN101410147A (zh) 2009-04-15
JP2009531238A (ja) 2009-09-03
ZA200807579B (en) 2009-10-28
DE102006014434A1 (de) 2007-10-04
WO2007110402A1 (de) 2007-10-04
NO20083890L (no) 2008-11-17
MX2008011694A (es) 2008-09-24
AR060073A1 (es) 2008-05-21
AU2007229530A8 (en) 2008-11-13
TW200803933A (en) 2008-01-16
ECSP088768A (es) 2008-10-31
AU2007229530A1 (en) 2007-10-04
KR20080110866A (ko) 2008-12-19
UY30234A1 (es) 2007-10-31

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