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US20070213126A1 - Sports Training And Testing Methods, Appartaus And System - Google Patents

Sports Training And Testing Methods, Appartaus And System Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070213126A1
US20070213126A1 US10/564,802 US56480204A US2007213126A1 US 20070213126 A1 US20070213126 A1 US 20070213126A1 US 56480204 A US56480204 A US 56480204A US 2007213126 A1 US2007213126 A1 US 2007213126A1
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Prior art keywords
athlete
stimuli
protocol
sports training
training
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Abandoned
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US10/564,802
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English (en)
Inventor
Makus Deutsch
Douglas Joseph Moore
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Fusion Sport International Pty Ltd
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Fusion Sport International Pty Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2003903621A external-priority patent/AU2003903621A0/en
Priority claimed from AU2003905031A external-priority patent/AU2003905031A0/en
Application filed by Fusion Sport International Pty Ltd filed Critical Fusion Sport International Pty Ltd
Assigned to FUSION SPORT INTERNATIONAL PTY LTD reassignment FUSION SPORT INTERNATIONAL PTY LTD ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DEUTSCH, MARKUS, MOORE, DOUGLAS
Publication of US20070213126A1 publication Critical patent/US20070213126A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
    • A63B71/0686—Timers, rhythm indicators or pacing apparatus using electric or electronic means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0075—Means for generating exercise programs or schemes, e.g. computerized virtual trainer, e.g. using expert databases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/0053—Apparatus generating random stimulus signals for reaction-time training involving a substantial physical effort
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/02—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00 for large-room or outdoor sporting games
    • A63B71/03—Athletic drills or obstacles for sport training, other than foot obstacles for skipping
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
    • A63B71/0619—Displays, user interfaces and indicating devices, specially adapted for sport equipment, e.g. display mounted on treadmills
    • A63B71/0622—Visual, audio or audio-visual systems for entertaining, instructing or motivating the user
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C1/00—Registering, indicating or recording the time of events or elapsed time, e.g. time-recorders for work people
    • G07C1/22—Registering, indicating or recording the time of events or elapsed time, e.g. time-recorders for work people in connection with sports or games
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
    • A63B24/0021—Tracking a path or terminating locations
    • A63B2024/0025—Tracking the path or location of one or more users, e.g. players of a game
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/62—Time or time measurement used for time reference, time stamp, master time or clock signal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
    • A63B2220/801—Contact switches
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
    • A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
    • A63B2220/803—Motion sensors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
    • A63B2225/15—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment with identification means that can be read by electronic means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
    • A63B2225/50—Wireless data transmission, e.g. by radio transmitters or telemetry
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
    • A63B2225/50—Wireless data transmission, e.g. by radio transmitters or telemetry
    • A63B2225/54—Transponders, e.g. RFID
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
    • A63B2225/74—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment with powered illuminating means, e.g. lights
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2243/00—Specific ball sports not provided for in A63B2102/00 - A63B2102/38
    • A63B2243/0066—Rugby; American football
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/002—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for football
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/0024—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for hockey
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/38—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for tennis

Definitions

  • This invention relates to sports training and testing methods, apparatus and system.
  • This invention has particular, but not exclusive, application to sports training and testing methods, apparatus and system which finds utility in a wide range of sports including all football codes, athletics, snow and ice sports, tennis, hockey and any other sport where strength, fitness and/or agility are important.
  • sports training and testing methods, apparatus and system which finds utility in a wide range of sports including all football codes, athletics, snow and ice sports, tennis, hockey and any other sport where strength, fitness and/or agility are important.
  • sports training and testing methods, apparatus and system which finds utility in a wide range of sports including all football codes, athletics, snow and ice sports, tennis, hockey and any other sport where strength, fitness and/or agility are important.
  • sports training and testing methods, apparatus and system which finds utility in a wide range of sports including all football codes, athletics, snow and ice sports, tennis, hockey and any other sport where strength, fitness and/or agility are important.
  • human applications For illustrative purposes reference will be made to such human applications. However, it is to be understood that this invention could be used
  • the preparation of athletes involves a varying combination of optimising performance in a number of areas, such as follows:
  • an athletic training device which includes a control unit coupled at least one finish line unit via a communication link.
  • the control unit provides signals, which simulates a start of race condition.
  • the system may further include intermediate units to measure split time for an athlete.
  • the main control unit then utilises gather timing information from the intermediate and finish line units to determine reaction times of the athlete.
  • the system also records weather and/or atmospheric conditions in addition to the timing information.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,013,007 entitled “Athlete's GPS Based Performance Monitor” discloses a GPS based athletic performance device with real-time feedback.
  • the feedback information is provided to the athlete during the activity through a set of headphones.
  • the device is capable of being coupled to a PC allowing for download and post processing of the feedback information.
  • the process information is then transferred to a web site, which provides the athlete with a comparison of their performance with other athletes using the system.
  • This invention in one broad aspect, resides in a sports training and testing method for at least one athlete, said method including the steps of:
  • this invention resides in a sports training and testing apparatus for at least one athlete, said apparatus including:
  • control unit adapted to implement a predetermined protocol for training and testing
  • a plurality of remote units for providing, upon instruction by the control unit, a series of stimuli for said at least one athlete in accordance with the protocol
  • At least one sensor for providing feedback information associated with said at least one athlete's responses to the stimuli to said control unit
  • a communications network providing communications between the control unit and the plurality of remote units and said at least one sensor.
  • the communications network is an on-field network.
  • this invention resides in a sports training and testing system for at least one athlete, said system including:
  • this invention resides in a sports training and testing method including the steps of:
  • the processed information is stored in a database for display and/or further analysis, as desired.
  • the predetermined protocol may include one or more pre-programmed or user defined stimuli activation patterns for a series of physical activities in a training regime.
  • Each protocol suitably includes information about location of the remote terminals, the sequencing of the series of stimuli and the required action or response.
  • a reactive sprinting and agility protocol may include measurement of start reaction time and sprinting time over a random course.
  • a reactive offensive/defensive training protocol may include instructing an offensive player over a random course through a plurality of defensive player that are required to react to the offensive players accordingly without knowledge of said random course.
  • a group reactive training protocol wherein a group of players must complete a series tactical patterns or combinations of play over a random course, may include instructing a first player to move to a randomly selected gate and allowing the remaining players in the group to initiate the most appropriate tactical move or pattern of play in response to the first players movement.
  • a small group of athletes may be directed through a course provided by a grid type configuration of a number of stations either simultaneously or separately by stimuli specific to the respective athletes, for example 3 coloured lamps at each station in the grid.
  • a grid type protocol several small groups of athletes are directed through grid of stations and are further prompted to pass a ball, or other object amongst each other.
  • control unit is a computer, such as a portable computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), palm top, mobile phone or other such suitably portable processing device.
  • a computer such as a portable computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), palm top, mobile phone or other such suitably portable processing device.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • the remote units receive instructions for producing the stimuli from the control unit either wirelessly or via a fixed connection.
  • Each remote unit may include means for identifying each participating athlete, such as by use of an ID tag.
  • the stimuli may be audio, visual, tactile or a combination thereof.
  • means for producing the stimuli are mounted on the remote units but may also be mounted separately to the remote units.
  • the remote units may include a data capture sub-unit having a memory. The remote unit may then receive feedback information from the sensors before forwarding the information to the control unit. The remote unit may act as an intermediate hop in the communications network.
  • said at least one sensor may be integral with or coupled to the remote unit.
  • said at least one sensor may be worn by the athlete.
  • the sensor is a biometric sensor, but the system may also utilise other sensor devices such as timers, pressure sensors, pedometers, accelerometers or the like.
  • the communication link may be a wireless link such as a Radio Frequency (RF), GSM, CDMA, GPRS, Microwave, laser, Infra Red (IR), IEEE 802.11(Wireless Ethernet), BluetoothTM or other such suitable wireless communication schemes.
  • the communications link may be a wired connection such as RS232, USB, LAN, WAN, Internet, Plain Switch Telephone Network (PSTN), Plain Old Telephone System (POTS), Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) or the like.
  • PSTN Plain Switch Telephone Network
  • POTS Plain Old Telephone System
  • ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
  • the remote terminal is a workstation running suitable software for processing the sensor feedback data.
  • the workstation may optionally include an internet connection, suitably provided through an associated web server.
  • the workstation may also include a protocol development suite allowing a trainer to tailor a training regime to an athlete's specific needs.
  • the processed information is preferably stored in a database allowing a trainer access to historical data about an athlete's progress and to adapt the training regime accordingly.
  • the trainer may receive intermediate reports regarding the athlete's performance during the training session, allowing the trainer to modify the regime in real time if necessary having regard to the athlete's responses.
  • the protocol may be configured to automatically modify further stimuli in the series having regard to the responses.
  • competitive sporting activity said activity, including:
  • a playing area said area being defined by a plurality of remote units, said remote units providing a set of stimuli;
  • each of the plurality of athletes is assigned the role of either a defensive player or an offensive player;
  • said defensive players then being required to react to movements of said offensive player(s) in order to prevent said game object reaching the selected remote unit.
  • the game object is a projectile such as a ball, flying disc such as a Frisbee or other suitable object.
  • the game may be played over one or more periods of a predefined length.
  • the periods may be a predefined time period or it may based on other criteria such as a number of completion required to be performed by the offensive players.
  • the players' actions within the activity may be governed by an appropriate set of rules including full contact, partial contact and non-contact rules.
  • penalties may be imposed on the offensive players in response to the defensive players interfering with the movement of the game object.
  • the penalties may include for example the defensive team holding onto the ball for a set time before releasing, the defensive throwing the ball out of the grid for the offensive team to retrieve, the exclusion of member of the offensive team from the playing area for a set period of time or requiring the offensive players to return the game object to a discrete location or “home base” assigned to the offensive team within the playing area for a given time period.
  • the offensive and defensive players may intermittently interchange roles, i.e. the defensive players become the offensive players for a period and vice versa.
  • athlete as used herein, and similar terms including “player” or “competitor”, is merely meant to denote a user of the training apparatus or subject of the training method of the invention. It will be appreciated that whilst a preferred embodiment of invention is described in relation to human athletic type events, it may also find application in sports and training activities of many kinds which may involve interactions with play objects, equipment, animals or machines, such as in the nature of football, snow skiing, horse riding and motor-racing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a system according to one embodiment of the invention as described
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a control unit and remote units of the on-field network of the embodiment
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a reactive sprint/agility protocol
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a five-point reactive agility protocol
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a reactive offensive/defensive protocol
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a four player reactive tactical protocol
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a pacing 400 m-sprint protocol
  • FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a cycling individual pursuit race protocol
  • FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a multi-zone timing/pacing protocol
  • FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a grid training/testing protocol for individual athletes
  • FIG. 11 illustrates an example of a grid protocol for providing a competitive multiple team game simulation task in Australian Rules football.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a further example of a grid protocol for providing another competitive multiple team game.
  • FIG. 1 A diagrammatic representation of a preferred embodiment of a sports training and testing system in accordance with the invention is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the preferred training and testing system of the invention has two major components, being an on-field network ( 10 ) and an off-field network ( 30 ).
  • the two networks are coupled by communication link ( 20 ) that enables transfer of data and information therebetween.
  • the on-field network includes at least two main components, being remote units ( 12 ) and a control unit ( 11 ).
  • Various add-in components 14 a and 14 b ) may be also utilised to enhance the capabilities of the on-field network.
  • the remote units ( 12 ) can be placed in a wide variety of configurations limited only by the range of the radio frequency system used. In one embodiment of the system of the invention, this range is at least 200 metres line-of sight. Furthermore, each remote unit can function as a relay/routing device, thus greatly extending the overall range of the system. Practically such a system would have an unlimited range, provided a distance of no larger than the available transmission range separated any two of the remote units.
  • Each data unit is powered with a removable rechargeable battery, and can be replaced with commercial non-rechargeable cells in that event of the rechargeable cells failing. Alternatively, the units could be powered using solar cells, or another form of radiant energy such as microwave.
  • FIG. 2 A more detailed view of a remote unit ( 12 ) is included in FIG. 2 .
  • the unit includes at least two components, being a data capture sub-unit ( 12 a ) and a reactive sub-unit ( 12 b ).
  • the data capture sub-unit and reactive sub-unit are combined in a singular housing and mounted on an adjustable tripod, stand, floor or fence.
  • the remote unit can also be mobile or portable.
  • the remote unit may be worn by the athlete ( 50 ) or attached to another object such as a bicycle or automobile.
  • the data capture and reactive units may be for logistical reasons separate units.
  • the described embodiment of the training and testing system of the invention utilises wireless communication (such as one of the public radio frequency bands) as the chosen transmission medium this could be replaced by a hardwired system of data relaying, or an alternative wireless protocol such as microwave, infrared, GPRS or the like. All remote units can communicate with each other via a wireless or wired medium, suitably using fault tolerant technology, and are equipped with at least one programmable computing device, such as a micro-controller.
  • Each data capture sub-unit ( 12 a ) of the remote unit is responsible for collecting information and relaying it to the control unit ( 11 ).
  • the data units capture timing information using photo-beam switches ( 15 ), known in the industry as “timing lights”. Through either reflection or transmission of light, the state of the switch depends on whether the light beams are broken or not. When the beam(s) are broken by the passage of an athlete ( 50 ), a simple event signal is sent back to the control unit.
  • the data capture sub-unit may be used to collect biosensor information such as heart rate or blood pressure, collect position information from GPS or other tracking units, or other types of sport sensor (such as an accelerometer or ergometer) ( 13 ) which may be worn by the athlete ( 50 ).
  • biosensor information such as heart rate or blood pressure
  • GPS or other tracking units such as GPS or other tracking units
  • sport sensor such as an accelerometer or ergometer
  • the remote unit ( 12 ) may generally consist of a microcontroller or microprocessor with a program stored in memory. Each individual remote unit has a unique identification label (ID).
  • ID is stored in receptor unit in a manner by which is accessible to the stored program.
  • the ID can be stored in the Read Only Memory (ROM) of the microcontroller, in EPROM or set by a dip switch.
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • the signal sent back to the control unit ( 11 ) is more than a simple event signal; it will also include the unique ID of the remote unit.
  • the event signal sent by the remote unit ( 12 ) back to the control unit ( 11 ) would include a timestamp indicating the exact time that the beam-breaking event occurred. The time would be calculated from a real time clock running on the data unit, usually integrated with a microcontroller. The real time clock of each data unit would be synchronised by a message sent from the base unit at system start up time. In another less accurate embodiment, the time stamp information could be added to the event information by the control unit ( 11 ) when it receives the event signal.
  • the reactive sub-unit ( 12 b ) may interpret communication signals received directly from the control unit ( 11 ) or from the remote unit ( 12 ) in order to perform a function in accordance with a specific protocol. This can range from producing stimuli ( 18 ) for the athlete(s), to operating a wake/sleep mode for power saving.
  • the reactive sub-units may also contain a display including an array of external light emitting diodes (LEDs) ( 16 ) for providing visual information to the athlete, and an annunciator such as a speaker ( 17 ) for providing auditory signals.
  • the array of LEDs may be of any number and colour configuration, and may also be configured to produce alphanumeric signals or other symbols to add information to the visual stimuli.
  • the LED panel may flash the figure “1.23” in the colour red, to indicate that the athlete is 1.23 seconds behind the desired pace for the event.
  • Other embodiments may include other light sources (such as Xenon strobe lights), a video display, or a holographic projection from the unit.
  • the annunciator in the unit may produce an auditory command saying, “speed up”, and display the timing deficit on the visual display panel.
  • a speaker may be used to emit signals of various tones and pulse frequency, though once may include options for voice, music or other auditory signals. For example, a high-pitched tone could be issued to signal the athlete to turn left, however this could be replaced by a voice signal saying, “left”.
  • the control unit ( 11 ) is a computerised device that coordinates the remote units, as well as providing various other functions.
  • the control unit may be a pocket mobile computer, a PDA, a laptop, a desktop computer, a mobile telephone or the like.
  • the control unit includes typical computer components, such as a processing unit, display screen, memory, storage, input and output devices, communication ports, global network connectivity.
  • the control unit is capable of coordinating a wide range of wireless data signals and commands without losses due to interference.
  • control unit may be connected to one or more additional computerised devices to impart additional functions to the control unit, such as providing additional storage, to assist in exchange of data, power or processing abilities of the control, or to provide an additional programmable fields to the control unit. It should be understood that the control unit may be connected to these one or more additional computerised devices through a hardwired (such as RS232, USB or the like) or wireless (such as GRPS, BluetoothTM, IEEE 802.11, IR or the like) communication link.
  • hardwired such as RS232, USB or the like
  • wireless such as GRPS, BluetoothTM, IEEE 802.11, IR or the like
  • the sports training and testing system of the invention may include one or more additional components as described below and illustrated in FIG. 2 .
  • the off-field network ( 30 ) may consist of a computer remote ( 31 ) from the on-field environment.
  • the off-field network may share a bi-directional communication link ( 20 ) with the on-field network.
  • the communication link between the on-field and off-field networks would be an off-line solution where the communication between both networks occurs before and after on-field sessions.
  • the control unit or the associated computerised devices ( 12 ) are brought back to the off-field network ( 30 ) and connected to the off-field terminal ( 31 ).
  • such a connection would be via a serial cable connecting the two units.
  • Another embodiment would be via a connection to the parallel port or USB port of the off-field terminal.
  • the control unit is a PDA then the connection to the off-field terminal may be via the usual cradle connection between PDAs and typical computers, or via one of the wireless communication options available to these devices.
  • the off-field network ( 30 ) may include one or more of the following components:
  • the protocol editor provides an easy to use software interface in accordance with modern user interface standards for designing new training and coaching protocols.
  • the protocol editor may provide an easy to use software interface for designing new training and coaching protocols and also to enable the editing and modification of existing protocols.
  • Previously designed protocols may be stored in the central database. By having all protocols being able to be designed in this manner, all existing protocols and a host of new protocols can be all created, edited, implemented, managed and run on the apparatus of the invention by a user such as a coach ( 40 ).
  • the configuration downloader software module provides a system of downloading the required protocol details via communications link ( 20 ) to the control unit ( 11 ).
  • the information is provided in such a form that the implementation and on-field management of the training protocol is automated from the control unit.
  • the database stored in the on-field control unit ( 11 ) or associated computerised device is synchronised with relevant portions of the data in the central database ( 32 ) of the off-field network ( 30 ).
  • the on-field data collected at the control unit may be uploaded to the off-field network to synchronise to the central database.
  • the results analyser software module provides a user interface to a large range of options for displaying, graphing and analysing results from previous sessions stored in the central database ( 32 ).
  • the results analyser also enables the printing of various charts of athlete performance.
  • the control unit ( 11 ) may have a wireless Internet link to the off-field network ( 30 ) via the communications link ( 20 ).
  • the communication link between the control unit and the off-field network may be made in real time, or directly before and after a protocol session without the need to physically download information to the off-field network.
  • control unit may use Internet TCP/IP protocol to connect to a web server ( 33 ) and consequently through the web server to the central database of the off-field network.
  • This embodiment could use standard software techniques such as Microsoft web, SQL server synchronisation technologies, custom techniques using XML and SOAP, third party database servers like those supplied by OracleTM, SybaseTM, InterbaseTM or others.
  • the web server ( 33 ) and central database ( 32 ) would be running on the same off-field network terminal ( 31 ). In other embodiments, the web server would be a dedicated web server and the central database another dedicated server.
  • the protocol database may include the following data structures, metrics and type information providing a detailed characterization of each protocol.
  • the information stored in these data structures may relate to the set up and positioning of the on-field equipment, to the automatic management, data acquisition, and control of the reactive devices, for each protocol session.
  • the physical layout of the on field equipment involves the location of the remote units and reactive devices, such as the positions of the start and finish lines and the positioning of any obstacles such as cones to be run around, jumps, tackle mats and so forth.
  • the layout information should include metric information as well as graphical displays in the form of digital bitmaps or computer-generated images illustrating the layout.
  • Examples of the various types of layout that may be included in this data structure are straight lane, tree structure, star configuration, and grids. Furthermore the physical layout data structure may allow for the creation of new custom designed layout types.
  • Some protocols provide the possibility of having more than one athlete in the lane at the same time.
  • the athletes may be running together (grouped) or starting at slightly different times (staged). In the staged case, the time interval between stages is an important parameter.
  • the next important data structure concerns the route that each athlete takes over the physical layout.
  • This structure includes the sequence of events involving, for example,
  • This information can be used to generate the automatic data acquisition algorithm for on-field operation.
  • the Protocol Editor should also provide a tabular means of entering routing information for each user or system defined protocol layout.
  • the protocol editor should also provide a CAD/CAM style graphical tool for defining protocol layout and routing information.
  • the identity of the athlete has to be managed.
  • the preferred embodiment should support the following athlete identification strategies.
  • the athletes enter into the protocol according to a given order as determined by the ordering in the database.
  • the ordering should be flexible, supporting order by previous performance such as bets first or best last, alphabetical or by some other user definable criteria.
  • the order should also be capable of being overridden manually and certain athletes being capable of being marked as skipped or not present at the time.
  • athletes line up in the various lanes according to the predetermined order shown by the central base unit device.
  • the athletes can enter the protocol in any order, as the proximity detector will automatically identify them.
  • RFID Radio Frequency Identification
  • protocol library After a protocol has been created using the protocol editor, the user names the protocol and stores it in a “protocol library” area of the database.
  • New entries can be added to the protocol library by either starting from scratch or by modifying an existing protocol and storing it under a different name.
  • New protocols can also be generated using the protocol editor by combining simple protocols to make compound protocols.
  • simple protocols describes a “station” while the compound protocol would describe a “circuit”.
  • the remote unit ( 12 ) may measure performance in locomotive movement tasks, and in another embodiment wherein the athlete(s) ( 50 ) carries or wears a sensor or an array of sensors may also collect and relay such information as heart rate or other physiological information, or other such as speed and position to the control unit.
  • the reactive sub-units ( 12 b ) work in conjunction with the data capture sub-units ( 12 a ) to provide stimuli ( 18 ) and direct athlete(s) ( 50 ) to perform certain movements.
  • the data capture sub-units such as the touch pads ( 14 a ) in turn monitor the performance in these activities, and provide real-time feedback, or further movement commands, based on these results.
  • the reactive and data capture sub-units may be collectively grouped into a remote unit, or may be separated in some situations to provide stimuli in locations remote from where feedback information is received.
  • FIG. 3 An example of a protocol that may be utilised in the system is illustrated in FIG. 3 .
  • the illustrated scenario is for a single athlete ( 50 ) performing a reactive speed and agility training protocol.
  • the athlete ( 50 ) is required to sprint as quickly as possible through the designated gates defined by a pair of remote units ( 12 ) to complete the drill.
  • the athlete is required to react in one instance to a stimulus ( 18 ) generated outside their field of view, thus relying on peripheral vision and auditory perception to perform the movement change quickly.
  • This particular protocol is set to stimulate four random direction changes.
  • the dotted line in FIG. 3 shows the path that should be followed by the athlete in one protocol.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the combined use of the reaction time touch pad ( 14 a ) and multiple gates, which may be useful for training or testing for a basketball reactive agility protocol.
  • the athlete ( 50 ) must stand on the touch pad ( 14 a ) to begin the drill.
  • a randomly selected remote unit ( 12 ) signals the athlete with visual and/or auditory stimuli ( 18 ).
  • the athlete ( 50 ) must move as quickly as possible to the relevant unit, and return to the centre touch pad.
  • the time lag between signalling and the athlete leaving the touch pad is used to assess reaction time.
  • the time taken to a) reach the gate, b) return to the touch pad, and c) the combined time for both movements, are recorded by the system. Once the athlete returns to the touch pad, the sequence is repeated for n number of trials.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates how the system of the invention may be used to perform simultaneous offensive and defensive reactive speed and agility protocols involving offensive and defensive players.
  • the offensive player ( 50 ) is instructed to react to the light stimuli ( 18 ) of the remote units ( 12 ) to signify or represent an attacking path despite no ball being in play.
  • the defensive players ( 51 ) cannot see the light indicated to the offensive player and must react to the offensive player's ( 50 ) movements alone.
  • the dotted line denotes the offensive player's path.
  • neither offensive ( 50 ) nor defensive players ( 51 ) have prior knowledge of the direction of movement that will be required. This form of training is not possible when using manual methods, as either the offensive or defensive player rather than a device produces the stimulus for the opposition.
  • the training and testing system of the present invention adds a new dimension to this aspect of sports training.
  • moves are rehearsed at training in a predictable manner. That is, the coach will tell players which move to rehearse, and the players will complete the sequence of actions.
  • the coach can now add a “reactive element” to the rehearsal of team tactical maneuvers. Rather than running moves one at a time, the coach can devise a tactical “matrix” whereby the players must select from a group of moves as the play unfolds. That is, they must choose a move in “real-time” that best suits the activities of the opposition.
  • FIG. 6 An example of this concept is shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the coach has indicated to players that they must choose a combination of actions that gets the ball to the desired point, while each player must also fulfil certain tactical obligations.
  • players ( 50 ) have to react to the visual cues ad-libbed from various remote units and to channel the ball as quickly as possible through the “clear” passages. The players chose the offensive “move” most effective for this passage of play.
  • the person ( 50 ′) third from the top starts with the ball, and must run as quickly as possible to the first illuminated ( 18 ) remote unit ( 12 ).
  • the other players ( 50 ) must then align themselves to facilitate the fastest transfer of the ball to the next illuminated remote unit as quickly as possible, as indicated by the arrows, then a further remote unit may illuminate and the play goes on.
  • the players may not know which first, last or in between remote units will be the next target which
  • the sports training and testing system of the invention may also be used to collate timing information and to provide immediate feedback to the athlete(s) on the progress of their performance.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the basic function of the system of the invention for athlete timing and pacing.
  • the athlete ( 50 ) is performing a 400 m-sprint protocol, though the distance may be modified depending of what is desired event to be performed by the athlete.
  • a starting gun ( 14 b ) that is connected to the control unit may be used to initiate timing at the start of the event.
  • a reaction time touch pad ( 14 a ) may detect the first movement of the athlete in response to the gun, thus allowing assessment of the athlete's reaction time.
  • timing information is collected at N intervals depending on the number and spacing of the remote units. It will be appreciated that the data unit(s) may be flexibly configured at desired points around the track to provide the best performance feedback information to either the athlete or coach or both.
  • the remote units then send the timing information back to the control unit for storage in a database.
  • the database of the control unit, other linked computerised devices or the off-field network contains data on the “personal best” performance of ever recorded by this particular athlete, this information may be retrieved to give the athlete instantaneous feedback as to their performance as they run around the track.
  • the required pacing between various remote units may be calculated and displayed to provide the athlete ( 50 ) with feedback, as they proceed around the track. This enables the athlete ( 50 ) to determine at an instant whether their pace is ahead or behind of the time they are ultimately trying to run. For example, when the athlete is running a time trial, remote units spaced around the distance the athlete is running may provide feedback at various stages whether the athlete is ahead or behind a pace that enables then to complete the distance they are running within a desired end performance.
  • FIG. 7 depicts an athlete at the top of the track who is being instructed by the system of the invention that they are 1.3 seconds behind what would enable the personal best performance.
  • this pacing information may be generated by various scenarios, such as:
  • FIG. 8 demonstrates the use of the system in a cycling application.
  • the cyclists 50 and 51
  • they are competing in a race where they are temporally separated by a length of the course (such as known in cycling as an “individual pursuit”).
  • the interval and lap times of each cyclist as they pass each remote unit is calculated.
  • the system in turn may produce a visual and/or audio signal at any one of the remote units to inform each of the cyclists of their relative position in the race with respect to the other cyclist.
  • a green signal reading “ahead 1.43” tells the cyclist ( 51 ) at the bottom of the track that they are currently leading the race by 1.43 seconds.
  • the other cyclist ( 50 ) at the top of picture receives a red signal indicating that they are “behind 1.43” seconds.
  • a third coloured light may be displayed to each rider to indicate his or her progress in relation to a goal performance (e.g. the world record for that event), or to signal that athletes with other information (e.g. “last lap”).
  • the system of the invention may be utilised to pace multiple athletes in different concurrent tasks.
  • the system can be set up to run a number of various “stations”, each requiring a different task to be completed within a certain timeframe.
  • Examples of such protocols of course can be used to test the range of fitness of athletes, but is also useful in workplace fitness tests such as those used by fire fighters, the military or law enforcement. These tests require the person to be tested to perform a range of different tasks within set timeframes.
  • FIG. 9 An example of such a multi-tasking test in a sporting context is shown in FIG. 9 .
  • This specific example demonstrates the rugby Specific Circuit Test (RSCT), which was developed to imitate the physiological demands of 15 minutes of rugby union match play.
  • the test contains a variety of stations ( 60 to 68 ) requiring different tasks to be performed. Some of these tasks are to be performed at maximal pace (such as sprints), while for other tasks a goal pace is set for each athlete to complete the station.
  • maximal pace such as sprints
  • a goal pace is set for each athlete to complete the station.
  • players are required to complete three laps of this 8-station functional fitness test.
  • the system of the invention can pace athletes through the various segments of the circuit, and provide real-time measurements and feedback on performance.
  • system of the Invention can perform several desired functions as follows:
  • system of the invention may also perform the following functions:
  • the system of the invention may be used to perform configurable “grid protocols” for the purposes of fitness training and/or assessment, team tactical drills and sport specific simulation protocols.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a grid protocol for 3 athletes performing a fitness training/testing protocol.
  • the system utilises a tri-colour lighting scheme, player X ( 50 ) is allocated the colour green ( 18 a ), player Y ( 51 ) the colour red ( 18 b ), and player Z ( 52 ) the colour blue ( 18 c ).
  • each athlete ( 50 , 51 , 52 ) Upon commencement of the protocol, each athlete ( 50 , 51 , 52 ) is required to respond to the system commands by way of running to the remote unit ( 12 ) displaying their allocated colour ( 18 a , 18 b , 18 c ).
  • the system then activates another remote unit ( 12 ) in the athletes ( 50 , 51 , 52 ) allocated colour ( 18 a , 18 b , 18 c ), to which the athlete must then travel.
  • the goal for each athlete is to move as quickly as possible to each designated station, and continue to do so until a designated distance has been completed or allotted time elapsed.
  • the system performs the following functions:
  • This protocol is an example of the how the system of the invention can be used to automate protocols, which train and assess the fitness of athletes in a manner, which is specific to field, court or ice sports such as football, hockey, basketball or netball. These tests are an excellent alternative to typical laboratory based assessments of fitness that are largely non-sport specific.
  • identification can be performed through the use of transponders.
  • the capture of timing information and the like may also be provided through the transponders, or it may be provided through such devices as photo beams and reaction touch pads.
  • each athlete may be varied to accommodate them within the single grid. Furthermore each athlete may have a different starting point within the grid further increasing skill development and decision making as they need not only consider where next to proceed but they must also consider the position of their fellow athletes.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a more complicated version of the grid protocol, in which team work, sport specific skills and equipment are integrated.
  • the are three teams each assigned a specific colour ( 18 a , 18 b , 18 c )
  • each team has a ball and are instructed to respond to the coloured lights ( 18 a , 18 b , 18 c ) commands of the system (as discussed above.
  • the coloured lights 18 a , 18 b , 18 c
  • one of the three players [ 50 , 50 ′, 50 ′′], [ 51 , 51 ′, 51 ′′], [ 52 , 52 ′, 52 ′′]
  • the designated remote unit 12
  • another remote unit ( 12 ) within the “grid” is activated.
  • the protocol continues for a period of time, with the focus being on transferring the ball as quickly as possible and running through each designated station in possession of the ball.
  • This protocol thus trains many aspects of performance including fitness, decision-making, strategy and skill.
  • FIG. 12 A further aspect of the invention, which involves a further embodiment of the grid protocol, is illustrated in FIG. 12 .
  • the grid protocol is used as the basis of a mode of physical activity for exercise or competitive sport, which the applicant terms “Gridball”.
  • Gridball is a physical activity whereby teams of athletes may compete within a common space or area, termed the “grid”.
  • the number of teams may vary and may range from 2 to n teams all competing within the common area.
  • the area also includes a plurality of stations for the teams which may be selectively activated in accordance with the grid protocol.
  • the goal of Gridball is to move a ball or other game object in response to stimuli randomly presented by a given station as quickly and efficiently as possible across the grid to the highlighted station.
  • the stations could consist of gates, targets, goals, or other suitable means of scoring used in competitive sports.
  • the space or “grid” is defined by the use of 6 gates defined by a pair of remote units ( 12 ).
  • the grid in this example is 100 meters by 70 meters in area.
  • the number of gates may from 2 to n and the grid may appropriately shaped and dimensioned to fit the desired playing area, which may for example be triangular, pentagonal, hexagon, octagonal, a combination of these or other non-regular shapes.
  • FIG. 12 there are 3 competing teams of athletes, teams X, Y and Z.
  • the members of each team are assigned roles a player may either be an offensive player or a defensive player.
  • X 1 , X 2 , . . . , Xn ([ 50 , 50 ′, 50 ′′]) are the offensive players of team X while XD 1 , XD 2 . . . XDn ([ 50 . 1 , 50 . 1 ′, 50 . 1 ′′]) are the defensive players of team X.
  • Zn ([ 52 , 52 ′, 52 ′′]) are assigned the role of offensive players
  • YD, YD 2 . . . YDn ([ 51 . 1 , 51 . 1 ′, 51 . 1 ′′])
  • ZD, ZD 2 . . . ZDn ([ 52 . 1 , 52 . 1 ′, 52 . 1 ′′]) are assigned the role of defensive player.
  • the stimuli are then used to identify a gate within the grid to which each offensive team must react.
  • each team is assigned a specific colour ( 18 a , 18 b , 18 c ) to enable recognition by opposing teams:
  • each offensive team X 1 , X 2 , . . . , Xn ([ 50 , 50 ′, 50 ′′]), Y 1 , Y 2 , . . . , Yn ([ 51 , 51 ′, 51 ′′]) and Z 1 , Z 2 , . . . , Zn ([ 52 , 52 ′, 52 ′′]) must move the ball as quickly as possible to the gate which displays their assigned colour, while the respective defensive teams XD 1 , XD 2 . . . XDn ([ 50 . 1 , 50 . 1 ′, 50 . 1 ′′]), Y 1 , Y 2 , . .
  • the game may run over a single period or a given number of periods (i.e. halves or quarters etc). The length of the period may be a set time period, or it could be dependent upon a set target level of completions. The game either ends at the expiry of the set time period(s) or when one team completes the set target level of completions.
  • the rules governing defensive players could take on a variety of forms, from full contact to non-contact rules such as in netball.
  • the offensive team may be penalised by the defensive team by for example holding onto the ball for a set time before releasing, throwing the ball out of the grid for the offensive team to retrieve or excluding an offensive player from the activity for a set time period.
  • Another alternative means of imposing a penalty on the offensive team could be by the use of a “home base” concept.
  • Home-base plates ( 70 , 70 ′ and 70 ′′) for each of the red, green and blue teams respectively, are place at discreet locations within the grid. These plates are effectively contact sensors and may be take the form of a reactive touch pad ( 14 a ) or a jump mat.
  • the offensive team In the event that the defensive team are successful in intercepting a pass, or for instance if the offensive team drop the ball, the offensive team must then move the ball back to a player who then steps onto the home base. As soon as the player touches the home base, their colour disappears from the grid for a set “penalty time”, after which the colour resumes and the activity continues. If the player leaves home base prior to the resumption of play, they are again penalised. Alternatively, if the defensive team are successful in intercepting the ball, they may move the ball to the home base and thereby become the offensive team.
  • Gridball requires the offensive team to move the ball through the specified gate, thus in the simplest form scoring system would entail awarding a certain number of points for each gate successfully completed. Accordingly the winner form the offensive sides would be the offensive team with the most number of points and for the defensive side the defensive team having the lowest number of point scored against them.
  • Scoring need not be solely a point based system but may also take into consideration one or more of the following:
  • the Grid can be used in many ways with a great variety of variations, tasks and rule variations incorporated.
  • the Gridball concept could be applied to schools for physical activity programs, as a professional sport, or for use by military organisations as a form of tactical training.
  • an automated protocol management system that may be utilised in the present system of the invention may contain one or more of the following functions:
  • the methods, apparatus and systems of the invention have broad uses in a wide range of sports for use in training, testing, and competitive environments.
  • the system not only has applications for using by the sporting community, but also for workplace and other function performance situations that require methodical monitoring and feedback on speed and ability of movement, such as in rehabilitation after injury.

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AU2004255366A1 (en) 2005-01-20
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Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:DEUTSCH, MARKUS;MOORE, DOUGLAS;REEL/FRAME:019103/0443

Effective date: 20040709

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION