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US20070095088A1 - Body ventilation system and method - Google Patents

Body ventilation system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070095088A1
US20070095088A1 US11/584,340 US58434006A US2007095088A1 US 20070095088 A1 US20070095088 A1 US 20070095088A1 US 58434006 A US58434006 A US 58434006A US 2007095088 A1 US2007095088 A1 US 2007095088A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
gas
gas flow
flow elements
distributor
permeable substrate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/584,340
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English (en)
Inventor
Kristine Drobot Isherwood
Anna Nocente
Marlene Devine
Emily Cooper
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tiax LLC
Original Assignee
Tiax LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tiax LLC filed Critical Tiax LLC
Priority to US11/584,340 priority Critical patent/US20070095088A1/en
Assigned to TIAX LLC, reassignment TIAX LLC, ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: COOPER, EMILY BARBARA, DEVINE, MARLENE A., NOCENTE, ANNA MARIE, ISHERWOOD, KRISTINE DROBOT
Publication of US20070095088A1 publication Critical patent/US20070095088A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D7/00—Devices using evaporation effects without recovery of the vapour
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/002—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/002—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment
    • A41D13/0025—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment by means of forced air circulation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/12—Hygroscopic; Water retaining
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2400/00—General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
    • F25D2400/26—Refrigerating devices for cooling wearing apparel, e.g. garments, hats, shoes or gloves

Definitions

  • At least one embodiment of the present invention relates generally to devices and methods for personal comfort and, more particularly, to body ventilation systems and methods.
  • the natural cooling effect of ambient air flow over skin and clothes is typically sufficient to ensure personal comfort and to avoid heat stress. Prolonged exposure to inadequate heat dissipation and other harmful and/or extreme environmental conditions, however, can lead to fatigue, discomfort, impaired performance and serious health problems. Individuals who are required to wear substantially sealed garments associated with their job functions, for example, are especially at risk. In other cases, it may simply be desirable to enhance body ventilation, such as for therapeutic purposes.
  • Liquid cooling is one known approach, generally involving tubing fashioned into a garment to circulate conditioned fluid, typically water.
  • Gas ventilation techniques are also known which promote convective cooling by blowing a gas, typically air, towards a subject's body.
  • Many wearable technologies rely upon substantial body coverage which may compound a wearer's thermal burden and resultant side effects.
  • the invention relates generally to an improved body ventilation system.
  • the invention relates to a body ventilation system, comprising a permeable substrate, and a gas distributor comprising a network of gas flow elements disposed on the permeable substrate, and defining at least one channel in fluid communication with the gas flow elements.
  • the invention relates to a body ventilation system, comprising a wicking layer proximate to the body, a gas distributor comprising a network of gas flow elements disposed on the wicking layer, the gas flow elements including a permeable base layer, a substantially incompressible spacer constructed and arranged to enable directional flow within the gas flow elements, and a substantially impermeable outer layer.
  • the system may further include at least one channel defined by a perimeter of the gas distributor in fluid communication with the gas flow elements, and a source of gas fluidly connected to the gas distributor.
  • the invention relates to a body ventilation system, comprising a permeable substrate, and a gas distributor comprising a network of gas flow elements constructed and arranged on the permeable substrate to provide airflow substantially parallel to a wearer's body, and defining at least one channel in fluid communication with the gas flow elements.
  • the invention relates to a method of facilitating body ventilation for a class of users, comprising determining a ventilation requirement of the class of users, and selectively disposing a network of gas flow elements on a permeable substrate based on the determined requirement to direct gas flow substantially parallel to targeted regions of a user's body.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a ventilation system in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates gas flowing from a gas distribution element to a channel substantially parallel to a wearer's body in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention
  • FIGS. 3A-3D illustrate gas distributors with different gas flow element arrangements in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a perspective view of a gas flow element applied to a substrate in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
  • the present invention relates generally to a body ventilation system.
  • the system may be generally effective in providing ventilation for enhanced personal comfort.
  • Various groups of individuals may have distinct ventilation requirements. In some circumstances, for example, individuals are required to wear protective garments or heavy gear that adds to their heat stress levels because of the nature of their activity and/or their environmental conditions. These individuals may benefit from a body ventilation system capable of providing a perceived cooling effect. Such persons include, but are not limited to, fighter pilots, aircraft ground crew, firemen, soldiers, athletes, race car drivers, “hazmat” operators, chemical plant operators, construction workers, and various medical personnel including surgical staff. Other groups of individuals may instead benefit from a body ventilation system capable of providing heated, filtered, or other types of conditioned ventilation. Yet other groups may benefit from an exhaust, rather than an infused, ventilation system.
  • the systems presented herein are beneficially capable of customization to accommodate various ventilation requirements, as well as to target specific regions of a user's body.
  • the disclosed ventilation system may generally be a wearable system.
  • the system may be modular, capable of insertion between garment layers or between a user's body and a garment layer. Alternatively, the ventilation system may be integrated into a garment or other wearable.
  • the system is generally low bulk, designed to direct sufficient gas flow to where it is needed while attempting to minimize the thickness and/or number of layers worn by a user for bodily comfort.
  • the system is also substantially flexible in nature. As used herein, “flexible” refers to an ability to substantially conform to a user's body and movement.
  • An outer layer worn by the user may include an immersion suit or other protective ensemble.
  • a ventilation system 100 generally includes a substrate 110 and a gas distributor 120 disposed on the substrate 110 , as illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • Gas distributor 120 is capable of providing a uniform distribution of gas flow relative to a user's body.
  • the gas distributor 120 may be constructed and arranged to provide gas flow substantially parallel to a user's body.
  • parallel to a user's body refers generally to a path along a contour of the user's body.
  • system 100 including gas distributor 120 may promote both forced convection and evaporative cooling. Without wishing to be bound by any particular theory, flow of gas substantially parallel to the body may enhance moisture transport and provide discernible flow.
  • Gas distributor 120 may be generally low profile and substantially incompressible to withstand the weight of outerwear and/or gear carriage and to avoid pinch points.
  • “incompressible” refers generally to resistance or unyielding to pressure and/or force.
  • substrate 110 may be in direct contact with the user's body or with an under layer.
  • the substrate 110 may be a gas permeable layer such that a user may discern gas flow through substrate 110 .
  • permeable generally refers to having pores or openings that permit liquids or gases to pass through.
  • the substrate 110 may be a relatively thin layer to reduce bulk and/or heat stress.
  • the substrate 110 may be made of a natural or synthetic material but should generally be compatible with intended applications for the ventilation system 100 . For example, in applications involving high temperatures or threat of fire, melting may be a concern and a substantially non-melt and/or non-drip material may be selected for substrate 110 .
  • non-melt refers generally to having a sufficiently high melting point such that the material will not substantially change phases under anticipated environmental conditions.
  • non-drip refers generally to physical properties such that molten materials will tend not to form and/or fall in drops.
  • Various tests and/or standards for material properties commonly known to those skilled in the art, such as the Thermal Stability Test, Vertical Flammability Test (ASTM D-6413), and NFPA 1951: Standard on Protective Ensemble for USAR Operations may be referenced in selecting the material.
  • substrate 110 may be made of a wicking material for enhanced cooling and comfort.
  • wicking refers generally to an ability to promote absorption of moisture, such as perspiration off the skin or an undergarment.
  • the wicking material may be a natural fiber such as wool.
  • the substrate 110 is made of a silk fabric.
  • substrate 110 comprises lightweight wool.
  • the wicking material may be synthetic, such as a polypropylene material. In use, gas flow over the wicking material supplied by gas distributor 120 may dry the substrate 110 , effectively pulling more moisture off of the skin.
  • the substrate 110 may enhance the rate and uniformity of evaporative cooling by diffusing moisture.
  • the substrate 110 coverage generally extends beyond the gas distributor 120 coverage.
  • the substrate 110 may be a large sheet.
  • the substrate 110 may be cropped closer to the outer perimeter of the gas distributor 120 .
  • Substrate 110 may generally facilitate installation of the ventilation system 100 into a garment for ease of manufacture.
  • the substrate 110 may be a garment substrate.
  • the substrate 110 may be a body conformal T-shirt, skullcap, legging, vest, or helmet liner. In other embodiments, substrate 110 may instead be attached to a garment.
  • Substrate 110 in conjunction with gas distributor 120 discussed in greater detail immediately below, beneficially provides extensive gas flow area with minimal body coverage.
  • gas distributor 120 generally includes a network of gas flow elements 130 disposed on substrate 110 , interspersed with at least one channel 140 .
  • network refers generally to a plurality or system of interconnected elements.
  • the gas flow elements 130 may be disposed in a distributed array.
  • a perimeter of the network of gas flow elements 130 defines the at least one channel 140 .
  • the channel 140 comprises an open space or void over a surface of substrate 110 that is defined laterally by edges of the gas flow elements 130 .
  • the channel 140 may be defined orthogonally by an over garment or, instead, exposed to the atmosphere.
  • a channel 140 is in fluid communication with neighboring gas flow elements 130 .
  • Gas flow elements 130 may include pores, slots, or other apertures to facilitate fluid communication with the channels 140 .
  • the apertures may be positioned on sides of the gas flow elements 130 to facilitate gas flow substantially parallel to a user's body.
  • gas flow may move through gas flow element 130 and exit through side apertures to channels 140 substantially parallel to a user's body.
  • channels 140 may generally provide a low bulk region of ventilation system 100 characterized by minimal body coverage due to the absence of gas flow elements 130 .
  • substrate 110 may enhance perceived cooling by forced convection of substantially parallel airflow relative to a wearer's body in both channels 140 and gas flow elements 130 .
  • Evaporative cooling may also be enhanced because substrate 110 provides a surface area to facilitate diffusion of absorbed perspiration. Evaporation may be promoted by the substantially parallel delivery of gas flow across a surface of substrate 110 in both channels 140 and gas flow elements 130 .
  • FIG. 3A like FIG. 1 , illustrates one preferred embodiment of a fan-shaped gas distributor 120 in which gas flow elements 130 have progressively widening cross-sections.
  • FIGS. 3B-3D illustrate sample alternative embodiments of gas distributor 120 , although any shape may be implemented.
  • Gas flow elements 130 may be selectively arranged based on particular ventilation requirements and to target specific regions of a user's body. The spacing and orientation of gas flow elements 130 should generally ensure that the cross sectional region of associated channels 140 is reasonably well maintained even under compression.
  • the gas distributor 120 may generally provide directed gas distribution to promote even and substantially parallel gas flow relative to a user's body.
  • a generally isotropic structure may cause gas flow paths within gas distributor 120 to short circuit, creating undesirable hot spots.
  • Directional gas flow within gas distribution elements 130 may be facilitated by structural features of gas distribution elements 130 implemented to define a gas flow path.
  • a spacer textile 180 may be incorporated in the design of gas distribution elements 130 .
  • spacer refers generally to an ability to define or provide a gas flow path.
  • spacer textile 180 may generally include an array of coils enclosed in mesh.
  • spacer textile 180 may comprise architectural woven nylon defining anisotropic gas flow such that flow over a user's body is substantially uniform.
  • anisotropic refers generally to a direction dependent property.
  • the spacer textile 180 may be oriented such that an axis of greater flow is along a length of gas flow element 130 to promote uniform flow substantially parallel to a user's body.
  • the spacer textile 180 should be substantially incompressible, able to withstand compression and to avoid pinch points along the gas flow path, as well as substantially gas and vapor permeable to generally facilitate ventilation.
  • the spacer textile 180 may be flexible to allow ventilation system 100 to be conformable to a wearer's body.
  • spacer textile 180 may be generally low profile to reduce bulk.
  • spacer textile 180 may be less than a half inch in thickness.
  • the spacer textile 180 may be made of any material generally compatible with intended applications of ventilation system 100 .
  • spacer textile 180 may be polymer-based or natural fiber-based.
  • a substantially non-melt and/or non-drip material may be used for spacer textile 180 .
  • a membrane 170 may be fitted between substrate 110 and spacer textile 180 .
  • Membrane 170 may be substantially permeable to facilitate absorption of perspiration and general ventilation.
  • membrane 170 may be substantially impermeable, for example, depending on the structure of spacer textile 180 at the interface with substrate 110 .
  • a barrier membrane 190 may be applied over spacer textile 180 .
  • Barrier membrane 190 may be substantially air impermeable to maintain supplied gas within gas flow element 130 to facilitate directional gas flow.
  • barrier membrane 190 may be vapor permeable to enable moisture transport.
  • the barrier membrane 190 may contact an outer layer in use and should generally be high-strength, durable, and tear and/or snag resistant.
  • barrier membrane 190 may comprise an outer layer worn by the wearer.
  • barrier membrane 190 may be made of a commercially available material such as a Sympatex®, Kapton® FN film, or Gore-Tex® material.
  • embodiments of the present invention may include other structural features to facilitate directed gas flow.
  • discrete spacer elements may be included to define gas flow paths within gas flow elements 130 .
  • the discrete spacer elements may be strategically positioned to define a desired gas flow pattern.
  • gas flow elements 130 may be selectively adhered to substrate 110 and/or barrier membrane 190 to define gas flow paths.
  • An adhesive may be used in assembling gas flow elements 130 , and/or to attach gas flow elements 130 to substrate 110 .
  • the adhesive may be applied as a film or bead. The adhesive should be capable of creating a high strength bond without obstructing gas flow paths within gas flow elements 130 .
  • the adhesive should generally be able to work on dissimilar materials and a resulting bond may be moisture resistant depending on the nature of the adhesive.
  • a welding technique such as ultrasonic welding, may be used for adhesion. Sewing or other bonding techniques may also be used.
  • ventilation system 100 may also include a manifold 160 and/or a gas duct 150 , as illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • Air duct 150 and manifold 160 should generally be high strength, durable, flexible and substantially incompressible to avoid pinch points. Both should also be substantially air impermeable and sealable to avoid leaks.
  • a coated fabric such as a coated nylon or cotton may be used for gas duct 150 and manifold 160 .
  • a membrane laminated fabric material may also be used.
  • gas may travel from a gas source (not shown) along gas duct 150 to enter manifold 160 .
  • the gas source may include a gas supply and associated equipment such as fans, blowers, pumps and vacuums generally required to generate and maintain gas flow.
  • the gas source may be directly connected to manifold 160 .
  • the gas may then be distributed among gas flow elements 130 from manifold 160 .
  • the gas may travel laterally along a length of gas flow elements 130 , substantially parallel to the wearer's body, and exit to channels 140 along a perimeter of gas flow elements 130 , also substantially parallel to the wearer's body.
  • manifold 160 may be generally constructed and arranged to be connectable to various gas sources.
  • the gas source may be a portable or tethered supply, such as a blower, fan or compressed air canister.
  • the gas source may be an on-site gas supply.
  • the gas source may be installed at a construction site, athletic field, surgical theater, or be part of a vehicle air supply such as may be present in an airplane, race car or other mode of transport.
  • the flow rate and system pressure should generally be sufficient to provide discernible gas flow and adequate to achieve enhanced personal comfort.
  • the overall minimally restrictive design of ventilation system 100 may generally have low associated flow resistance, enabling use of a low pressure gas source and low system flow rates.
  • the gas from the gas source to be delivered via gas distributor 120 may be treated or conditioned for enhanced personal comfort.
  • the gas may therefore be conditioned to facilitate heating, cooling, humidification, dehumidification, or circulation of filtered or otherwise treated gas. It is therefore contemplated that embodiments of the present invention may be used to treat conditions such as hypothermia and hyperthermia, as well as to facilitate therapeutic treatments including drug delivery and/or other transdermal techniques.
  • system 100 may also be configured to exhaust or extract gas from channels 140 via gas flow elements 130 , such as through reverse flow to the gas source by a vacuum pump.
  • system 100 may be configured to extract gas from channels 140 such that gas flows through gas flow elements 130 and exits gas manifold 160 .
  • gas flow elements 130 can vary dramatically depending on an intended application.
  • a ventilation requirement for a class of users may first be determined.
  • a network of gas flow elements 130 may then be selectively disposed on substrate 110 based on the determined requirement to direct gas flow substantially parallel to targeted regions of a user's body.
  • various embodiments of the present invention may target a user's torso, arms, legs, pelvis and/or head.
  • gas distributor 120 may have five or more gas flow elements 130 stemming from a single manifold 160 .
  • Another embodiment may have a manifold 160 and a solitary gas flow element 130 stemming from gas duct 150 roughly every few inches.
  • multiple ventilation systems 100 may be connected as part of a larger system.
  • the multiple systems 100 may be arranged in series or parallel from a single or multiple source of gas.
  • a first system 100 targeting a wearer's torso may be fluidly connected to a second system 100 targeting a wearer's leg.
  • a single source of gas may provide gas flow to multiple users.
  • the total flow impedance for each component branch should generally be the same at the point where branches join for even gas distribution.
  • One or more sensors may be implemented to monitor characteristics of a user and/or operational parameter of system 100 as well. Such sensors may include, for example, temperature sensors, pressure sensors and flow meters.
  • a ventilation system substantially in accordance with the system illustrated in FIG. 1 , was worn by a human subject.
  • the ventilation system was positioned against the subject's skin under a partially restrictive garment.
  • a gas source was fluidly connected to the gas duct, providing roughly 10 cfm of ambient air to the subject.
  • the human subject reported experiencing discernible gas flow against the subject's skin on both the front and back areas of the torso.
  • An additional over garment was then donned by the subject to verify the performance of the ventilation system in the presence of further potential restrictions. Discernible flow was observed in this case, as well.
  • the ventilation system was successful in resulting in a perceived cooling effect even under the constraints of a partially restrictive over garment.
  • Example 1 The ventilation system used in Example 1 was subjected to Thermally Instrumented Manikin (TIM) testing to evaluate its cooling power.
  • TIM Thermally Instrumented Manikin
  • the ventilation system was tested in combination with a standard U.S. Army Chemically Protective Suit. Testing was carried out in a temperature and humidity controlled room with an ambient temperature set at 35° C. and relative humidity set at 50%. Details of the test methodology were as follows.
  • the TIM test system consisted of a hollow aluminum manikin equipped with temperature sensors and electric heaters connected to a control system.
  • the manikin was dressed in a garment incorporating the ventilation system to be tested and was placed in an appropriate environment.
  • the control equipment controlled the heaters to maintain the skin of the manikin at a set temperature and measured the corresponding electric power required. This power was equivalent to the heat that escaped through the clothing due to the temperature difference across it, or the heat that was removed by the ventilation system.
  • the system comprised a TIM, a control module, environmental temperature and humidity sensors and cables connecting these components.
  • the manikin was in a shape of human proportions to fit inside the test garment.
  • the combinations of the aluminum shell of the manikin and the output of heaters inside it provided for an approximately uniform temperature over the manikin surface. This temperature was sensed by sensors embedded in the manikin's shell and was then passed to the control module.
  • the manikin was first covered in a shirt with long sleeves and trousers assembled into a coverall (skin) made of a white 100% cotton textile.
  • the first baseline test case (Baseline # 1 ) used an outer layer of a Chemical Protective Over-garment (pant and coat with hood) fitting directly over the coverall.
  • the second baseline case (Baseline # 2 ) added the gas ventilation system, attached to a 50/50 cotton/poly T-shirt, between the coverall and the over-garment.
  • the final test configuration was the same as Baseline # 2 , except with approximately 8 to 10 cfm of ambient air flowing through it.
  • Environmental sensors were suspended around the manikin to detect the environment temperature.
  • the manikin temperature was set at 35° C.
  • the ambient temperature of the chamber was also set at 35° C.
  • the ambient relative humidity of the chamber was set at 50%.
  • Water was sprayed onto the cotton garment at the beginning of each test run to simulate wetting by sweat. A warm-up period was provided to allow the manikin to reach the set temperature before going into a test period. The long-term power was monitored for all calculated sections until a steady state condition was reached, and the test was restarted.
  • Table 1 illustrates the significant overall cooling power of the ventilation system of the present invention when energized with ambient air.
  • Test # 1 with air being supplied by the distribution system, a total of 101.0 watts of power was required to maintain the manikin temperature at 35° C. This was significantly higher than the amount of power required during either of Baseline runs # 1 and # 2 . Thus, the ventilation system was successful in cooling the manikin.
  • Baseline # 1 and Baseline # 2 demonstrates the minimal additional thermal stress added to the TIM by the ventilation system when the associated garment was not energized for cooling.
  • the term “plurality” refers to two or more items or components.
  • the terms “comprising,” “including,”“carrying,” “having,” “containing,” and “involving,” whether in the written description or the claims and the like, are open-ended terms, i.e., to mean “including but not limited to.” Thus, the use of such terms is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter, and equivalents thereof, as well as additional items. Only the transitional phrases “consisting of” and “consisting essentially of,” are closed or semi-closed transitional phrases, respectively, with respect to the claims.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
US11/584,340 2005-10-20 2006-10-20 Body ventilation system and method Abandoned US20070095088A1 (en)

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US11/584,340 US20070095088A1 (en) 2005-10-20 2006-10-20 Body ventilation system and method

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US8281609B1 (en) 2008-03-14 2012-10-09 Rothschild Jesse B Man portable micro-climate
US8955337B2 (en) 2010-05-28 2015-02-17 Marlow Industries, Inc. System for thermoelectric personal comfort controlled bedding
WO2015143411A1 (fr) * 2014-03-21 2015-09-24 The Regents Of The University Of California Réseau d'écoulement fluidique intégré pour gestion de fluide
US20150282543A1 (en) * 2014-04-07 2015-10-08 Honeywell International Inc. Back integral air distribution system in ventilated suit
US10004925B2 (en) 2011-10-21 2018-06-26 Honeywell International Inc. Emergency filter system for encapsulated suit
US10047981B2 (en) 2012-07-30 2018-08-14 Marlow Industries, Inc. System and method for thermoelectric personal comfort controlled bedding
WO2021092573A1 (fr) * 2019-11-09 2021-05-14 Leaf Suit, Inc. Vêtement de refroidissement
US11027156B2 (en) 2011-10-21 2021-06-08 Honeywell International Inc. Emergency filter system for ventilated hood
US11432597B2 (en) * 2019-07-03 2022-09-06 Kwaku TEMENG Pump-conditioned garment and apparatus therefor
US20220346470A1 (en) * 2019-07-03 2022-11-03 Kwaku TEMENG Pump-Conditioned Garment and Apparatus Therefor
US12213542B2 (en) 2019-07-03 2025-02-04 Kwaku TEMENG System for pump-conditioning garment worn on torso or the like
WO2025090017A1 (fr) * 2023-10-24 2025-05-01 Mas Innovation (Private) Limited Panneau à soufflets

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ES2672312T3 (es) * 2007-05-25 2018-06-13 Hexonia Gmbh Prenda de vestir con un dispositivo de ventilación

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