[go: up one dir, main page]

US20060163250A1 - Pro-tek see-thru gas cap - Google Patents

Pro-tek see-thru gas cap Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20060163250A1
US20060163250A1 US11/042,840 US4284005A US2006163250A1 US 20060163250 A1 US20060163250 A1 US 20060163250A1 US 4284005 A US4284005 A US 4284005A US 2006163250 A1 US2006163250 A1 US 2006163250A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel
cap
see
thru
tek
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/042,840
Inventor
Michael Colavita
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US11/042,840 priority Critical patent/US20060163250A1/en
Publication of US20060163250A1 publication Critical patent/US20060163250A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62JCYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
    • B62J37/00Arrangements of fuel supply lines, taps, or the like, on motor cycles or engine-assisted cycles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel cap that has a clear top as to allow one to see the fuel in a fuel tank without the need to remove the cap.
  • manufactures have incorporated a reserve position on the fuel supply valves. This allows a rider to normally ride the vehicle with the fuel valve in the ON position until fuel starvation occurs. At that point, to help the rider get to a refueling point, the fuel valve would be placed in the reserve position allowing a small portion of remaining fuel (reserve fuel) to be used in the tank.
  • a reserve fuel valve will only allow a rider a small amount of fuel to get to a refuel point after fuel is exhausted in the normal ON position.
  • the rider has no way of monitoring fuel level while riding. With no early indication that the vehicle is about to run out of fuel a dangerous situation can occur. For example: maneuvering over an obstacle where engine power is needed and power is unexpectedly lost due to fuel starvation. This could be a very unsafe situation.
  • a fuel cap with a see-thru top that is both functional and decorative.
  • the fuel cap body made from billet aluminum, plastic, or completely acrylic is like any stock fuel cap designed for that application.
  • Centered at the top of the cap is a round hole that accepts a clear lens made of glass, poly, or any clear fuel resistant material.
  • This lens has a beveled top so it can be placed into the main fuel cap body from the top and secured from the inside with a Viton O-ring. Using this method retains the clear lens in place and also seals the mating surface preventing fuel leakage.
  • a nipple Protruding from the top center of this clear lens is a nipple. Bored vertically thru this nipple is a vent hole that allows fuel tank venting, and positive/negative pressure relief. A vent tube is attached to this nipple on one end and can be routed to vent overboard. It can also accept a vent cap mounted vertically at the top end of the vent tube.
  • the vent cap incorporating a one-way checkvalve would have two functions: it would allow outside air to enter the fuel tank via the vent tube and fuel cap as fuel is normally consumed in the fuel tank and would also keep fuel from running overboard in the event the vehicle was to roll on to it's side.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a Pro-Tek See-Thru Gas Cap in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of a Pro-Tek See-Thru Gas Cap
  • FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a Pro-Tek See-Thru Gas Cap
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of a Pro-Tek See-Thru Gas Cap.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of a Side view of Clear Top.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the Pro-Tek See-Thru Gas Cap 10 , in accordance with the invention.
  • the Main Body 11 may be fabricated of aluminum, plastic, metal or any other suitable material.
  • the Main Body 11 is circular in the perfered embodiment, but in alternate embodiments, it can be shaped as any other geometrical shape deemed to be aesthetically pleasing to the user.
  • the Clear top 12 can be fabricated of a clear acryiic, plastic, glass or any other suitable material.
  • the Clear top 12 is beveled so it can be inserted from the top on to the Main Body 11 . Once inserted, it would sit flush with the top of the Main Body 11 .
  • Retaining O-ring 14 Securing the Clear top 12 to the Main Body 11 is a Retaining O-ring 14 that would be stretched onto the machined groove in the lower portion of the Clear top 12 from the bottom end of the Main Body 11 .
  • This Retaining O-ring 14 would securely retain the Clear top 12 in place, and also act as a seal preventing a fuel leak.
  • the Fuel Cap Gasket 16 is then placed thru the bottom of the Main Body 11 . It's purpose to secure a leak proof seal when the fuel cap 10 is tightened onto the fuel tank.
  • the Clear top 12 would incorporate a nipple with a vertical hole bored thru it. This would allow a Vent Hose 18 to be placed and secured over the nipple.
  • the Vent Hose 18 can be any length and can be routed anywhere venting the fuel tank to the atmosphere.
  • a Vent Cap 20 can also be placed on top of the Vent House 18 to vent the fuel tank.
  • This Vent Cap 20 can have a one-way check valve incorporated inside allowing standard atmosphere air to enter the fuel tank as fuel is normally consumed by the powerplant and prevent fuel from flowing of the tank when the vehicle is turned on it's side.
  • FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 , and FIG. 5 show the Pro-Tek See-Thru Fuel Cap from the top, bottom, and side view.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

Fuel cap with a see-thru top that is both functional and decorative. The fuel cap body made from billet aluminum, plastic, or completely acrylic is like any stock fuel cap for that application. Oriented as a inverted hollow cup with inner female threads that allow it to be placed on a fuel tank filler opening with matching male threads. Centered at the top of the cap is a round hole that accepts a clear lens made of any glass or acrylic, poly, fuel-resistant material. This lens has a beveled top so it can be placed into the fuel cap body from the top and secured from the inside with a Viton O-ring. Using this method retains the clear lens in place and also seals the mating surfaces preventing fuel leakage. Protruding from the top center of this clear lens is a nipple with a knurled end. Bored vertically thru this nipple is a vent hole that allows fuel tank venting and positive/negative pressure relief. A vent tube is attacted to this nipple on one end and can be routed to vent overboard. It can also accept a vent cap mounted vertically at the top end of the vent tube. The vent cap incorporating a one-way checkvalve would have two functions: it would allow outside air to enter the fuel tank via the vent tube and fuel cap as fuel is normally consumed in the fuel tank, and also keep fuel from running overboard in the event the vehicle was to roll on it's side.

Description

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention relates to a fuel cap that has a clear top as to allow one to see the fuel in a fuel tank without the need to remove the cap.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Most of todays modern street motorcycles are equipped with a fuel gauge so a rider can manage his or her fuel when riding. But all-terrain vehicles such as, dirtbikes, motocross, enduro bikes, quads, atvs, jetskis, and snowmobiles do not have a means of monitoring fuel level. There are many reasons for this simplicity, production cost, lack of an electrical system, high vibration and fuel sloshing problems. Off road vehicles are exposed to the most grueling punishment. Any mechanical fuel sensing gauge would be prone to failure due to the high vibration, and fuel sloshing caused by a vehicle traversing irregular terrain.
  • In order to allow a rider of many of the off-road vehicles mentioned above, manufactures have incorporated a reserve position on the fuel supply valves. This allows a rider to normally ride the vehicle with the fuel valve in the ON position until fuel starvation occurs. At that point, to help the rider get to a refueling point, the fuel valve would be placed in the reserve position allowing a small portion of remaining fuel (reserve fuel) to be used in the tank.
  • A reserve fuel valve will only allow a rider a small amount of fuel to get to a refuel point after fuel is exhausted in the normal ON position. The rider has no way of monitoring fuel level while riding. With no early indication that the vehicle is about to run out of fuel a dangerous situation can occur. For example: maneuvering over an obstacle where engine power is needed and power is unexpectedly lost due to fuel starvation. This could be a very unsafe situation.
  • It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a means of visually gauging the fuel level from the top of the fuel cap without the need to remove the cap from the fuel tank.
  • It is another object of this invention to visually verify that the fuel tank was previously filled to full capacity without removing the fuel cap while on an unstable platform therefore preventing fuel spillage.
  • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a fuel cap with a see-thru top that is both functional and decorative. The fuel cap body made from billet aluminum, plastic, or completely acrylic is like any stock fuel cap designed for that application. Oriented as a inverted hollow cup with inner female threads that allow it to be placed on a fuel tank filler opening with matching male threads. Centered at the top of the cap is a round hole that accepts a clear lens made of glass, poly, or any clear fuel resistant material. This lens has a beveled top so it can be placed into the main fuel cap body from the top and secured from the inside with a Viton O-ring. Using this method retains the clear lens in place and also seals the mating surface preventing fuel leakage. Protruding from the top center of this clear lens is a nipple. Bored vertically thru this nipple is a vent hole that allows fuel tank venting, and positive/negative pressure relief. A vent tube is attached to this nipple on one end and can be routed to vent overboard. It can also accept a vent cap mounted vertically at the top end of the vent tube. The vent cap incorporating a one-way checkvalve would have two functions: it would allow outside air to enter the fuel tank via the vent tube and fuel cap as fuel is normally consumed in the fuel tank and would also keep fuel from running overboard in the event the vehicle was to roll on to it's side.
  • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • A complete understanding of the present invention may be obtained by reference to the accompanying drawings, when considered in conjunction with the subsequent, detailed description, in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a Pro-Tek See-Thru Gas Cap in accordance with the invention;
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of a Pro-Tek See-Thru Gas Cap;
  • FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a Pro-Tek See-Thru Gas Cap;
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of a Pro-Tek See-Thru Gas Cap; and
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of a Side view of Clear Top.
  • For purposes of clarity and brevity, like elements and components will bear the same designations and numbering throughout the FIGURES.
  • DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the Pro-Tek See-Thru Gas Cap 10, in accordance with the invention. The Main Body 11 may be fabricated of aluminum, plastic, metal or any other suitable material. Moreover, the Main Body 11 is circular in the perfered embodiment, but in alternate embodiments, it can be shaped as any other geometrical shape deemed to be aesthetically pleasing to the user.
  • The Clear top 12 can be fabricated of a clear acryiic, plastic, glass or any other suitable material. The Clear top 12 is beveled so it can be inserted from the top on to the Main Body 11. Once inserted, it would sit flush with the top of the Main Body 11.
  • Securing the Clear top 12 to the Main Body 11 is a Retaining O-ring 14 that would be stretched onto the machined groove in the lower portion of the Clear top 12 from the bottom end of the Main Body 11. This Retaining O-ring 14 would securely retain the Clear top 12 in place, and also act as a seal preventing a fuel leak.
  • The Fuel Cap Gasket 16 is then placed thru the bottom of the Main Body 11. It's purpose to secure a leak proof seal when the fuel cap 10 is tightened onto the fuel tank.
  • The Clear top 12 would incorporate a nipple with a vertical hole bored thru it. This would allow a Vent Hose 18 to be placed and secured over the nipple. The Vent Hose 18 can be any length and can be routed anywhere venting the fuel tank to the atmosphere.
  • A Vent Cap 20 can also be placed on top of the Vent House 18 to vent the fuel tank. This Vent Cap 20 can have a one-way check valve incorporated inside allowing standard atmosphere air to enter the fuel tank as fuel is normally consumed by the powerplant and prevent fuel from flowing of the tank when the vehicle is turned on it's side.
  • FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 5 show the Pro-Tek See-Thru Fuel Cap from the top, bottom, and side view.
  • Since other modifications and changes varied to fit particular operating requirements and environments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the invention is not considered limited to the example chosen for purposes of disclosure, and covers all changes and modifications which do not constitute departures from the true spirit and scope of this invention.
  • Having thus described the invention, what is desired to be protected by Letters Patent is presented in the subsequently appended claims.

Claims (11)

1. A pro-tek see-thru gas cap for a gas cap with a clear see thru top for the purpose of being able to see the fuel in a fuel tank without removing the cap. comprising:
means for a perspective view of the pro-tek see-thru gas cap in accordance with the invention;
means for providing a window to visually see thru the main fuel cap body;
means for retaining the clear top to the main body, and provide a seal preventing fuel leakage, elastically connected to said means for providing a window to visually see thru the main fuel cap body;
means for venting the fuel tank for positive and negative pressure differential; and
means for the main body of the gas cap, rigidly connected to said means for providing a window to visually see thru the main fuel cap body.
2. The pro-tek see-thru gas cap in accordance with claim 1, wherein said means for a perspective view of the pro-tek see-thru gas cap in accordance with the invention. comprises a pro-tek see-thru gas cap.
3. The pro-tek see-thru gas cap in accordance with claim 1, wherein said means for providing a window to visually see thru the main fuel cap body. comprises a clear top.
4. The pro-tek see-thru gas cap in accordance with claim 1, wherein said means for retaining the clear top to the main body, and provide a seal preventing fuel leakage. comprises a retaining o-ring.
5. The pro-tek see-thru gas cap in accordance with claim 1, wherein said means for venting the fuel tank for positive and negative pressure differential. comprises a vent hose.
6. The pro-tek see-thru gas cap in accordance with claim 1, wherein said means for the main body of the gas cap. comprises a main body.
7. A pro-tek see-thru gas cap for a gas cap with a clear see thru top for the purpose of being able to see the fuel in a fuel tank without removing the cap. comprising:
a pro-tek see-thru gas cap, for a perspective view of the pro-tek see-thru gas cap in accordance with the invention;
a clear top, for providing a window to visually see thru the main fuel cap body;
a retaining o-ring, for retaining the clear top to the main body, and provide a seal preventing fuel leakage, elastically connected to said Clear Top;
a vent hose, for venting the fuel tank for positive and negative pressure differential; and
a main body, for the main body of the gas cap, rigidly connected to said Clear Top.
8. The pro-tek see-thru gas cap as recited in claim 7, further comprising:
a fuel cap gasket, for sealing the main body to the fuel tank spout.
9. The pro-tek see-thru gas cap as recited in claim 7, further comprising:
a vent cap, for venting fuel tank, preventing fuel from running overboard in the event the fuel tank is turned on it's side.
10. The pro-tek see-thru gas cap as recited in claim 8, further comprising:
a vent cap, for venting fuel tank, preventing fuel from running overboard in the event the fuel tank is turned on it's side.
11. A pro-tek see-thru gas cap for a gas cap with a clear see thru top for the purpose of being able to see the fuel in a fuel tank without removing the cap. comprising:
a pro-tek see-thru gas cap, for a perspective view of the pro-tek see-thru gas cap in accordance with the invention;
a clear top, for providing a window to visually see thru the main fuel cap body;
a retaining o-ring, for retaining the clear top to the main body, and provide a seal preventing fuel leakage, elastically connected to said Clear Top;
a fuel cap gasket, for sealing the main body to the fuel tank spout;
a vent hose, for venting the fuel tank for positive and negative pressure differential;
a vent cap, for venting fuel tank, preventing fuel from running overboard in the event the fuel tank is turned on it's side; and
a main body, for the main body of the gas cap., rigidly connected to said Clear Top.
US11/042,840 2005-01-27 2005-01-27 Pro-tek see-thru gas cap Abandoned US20060163250A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/042,840 US20060163250A1 (en) 2005-01-27 2005-01-27 Pro-tek see-thru gas cap

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/042,840 US20060163250A1 (en) 2005-01-27 2005-01-27 Pro-tek see-thru gas cap

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20060163250A1 true US20060163250A1 (en) 2006-07-27

Family

ID=36695648

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/042,840 Abandoned US20060163250A1 (en) 2005-01-27 2005-01-27 Pro-tek see-thru gas cap

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US20060163250A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070170187A1 (en) * 2006-01-20 2007-07-26 Bemis Manufacturing Company Modular ratchet cap
US20130319070A1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for verifying the plausibility of a measuring device for determining the quality of an aqueous urea solution in a reservoir of an scr catalyst system
USD721423S1 (en) * 2013-04-08 2015-01-20 Adam Donald Jacques Lockable cap
US20160376068A1 (en) * 2015-06-25 2016-12-29 Meshbottles LLC Silicone bottle cap with removable glass insert
USD1078930S1 (en) * 2023-02-16 2025-06-10 The Foundation Group, Inc. Cap for spray tank

Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1477145A (en) * 1920-09-07 1923-12-11 Marone Alfredo Liquid-level indicator
US1712140A (en) * 1927-12-07 1929-05-07 Flegenheimer Nathan Display lid for containers
US3136292A (en) * 1962-05-24 1964-06-09 Raymond R Mitchell Radiator cap
US4666058A (en) * 1986-05-30 1987-05-19 Stant Inc. Off-road vehicle fuel cap
US4739824A (en) * 1987-01-08 1988-04-26 Susan E. Lund Hermetically sealed, relatively low pressure cooling system for internal combustion engines and method therefor
US4830213A (en) * 1988-06-30 1989-05-16 Brunswick Corporation Closure cap for a fuel receptacle
US4886089A (en) * 1988-05-27 1989-12-12 Gt Development Corporation Gas venting valve for liquid tank
US5078077A (en) * 1990-07-09 1992-01-07 Say James L Indicator cap
US5110002A (en) * 1990-10-15 1992-05-05 Terence Tucker Protective cap with seal for beverage container
US5232115A (en) * 1989-08-18 1993-08-03 Filterwerk Mann + Hummel Gmbh Removable closure for a tubular opening
US5325882A (en) * 1988-10-12 1994-07-05 Gt Development Corporation Pressure and thermal relief valve for fuel tank
US5335622A (en) * 1990-07-09 1994-08-09 Say James L Indicator cap
US20010002019A1 (en) * 1997-10-20 2001-05-31 Thompson Albert S. Automotive emission reduction method
US20030150860A1 (en) * 2002-02-12 2003-08-14 Yu-Kang Lee Structure of top cap for containers
US20060043093A1 (en) * 2004-09-01 2006-03-02 Cox Shirley J Cooking apparatus and method of use

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1477145A (en) * 1920-09-07 1923-12-11 Marone Alfredo Liquid-level indicator
US1712140A (en) * 1927-12-07 1929-05-07 Flegenheimer Nathan Display lid for containers
US3136292A (en) * 1962-05-24 1964-06-09 Raymond R Mitchell Radiator cap
US4666058A (en) * 1986-05-30 1987-05-19 Stant Inc. Off-road vehicle fuel cap
US4739824A (en) * 1987-01-08 1988-04-26 Susan E. Lund Hermetically sealed, relatively low pressure cooling system for internal combustion engines and method therefor
US4886089A (en) * 1988-05-27 1989-12-12 Gt Development Corporation Gas venting valve for liquid tank
US4830213A (en) * 1988-06-30 1989-05-16 Brunswick Corporation Closure cap for a fuel receptacle
US5325882A (en) * 1988-10-12 1994-07-05 Gt Development Corporation Pressure and thermal relief valve for fuel tank
US5232115A (en) * 1989-08-18 1993-08-03 Filterwerk Mann + Hummel Gmbh Removable closure for a tubular opening
US5078077A (en) * 1990-07-09 1992-01-07 Say James L Indicator cap
US5335622A (en) * 1990-07-09 1994-08-09 Say James L Indicator cap
US5110002A (en) * 1990-10-15 1992-05-05 Terence Tucker Protective cap with seal for beverage container
US20010002019A1 (en) * 1997-10-20 2001-05-31 Thompson Albert S. Automotive emission reduction method
US20030150860A1 (en) * 2002-02-12 2003-08-14 Yu-Kang Lee Structure of top cap for containers
US20060043093A1 (en) * 2004-09-01 2006-03-02 Cox Shirley J Cooking apparatus and method of use

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070170187A1 (en) * 2006-01-20 2007-07-26 Bemis Manufacturing Company Modular ratchet cap
US8074334B2 (en) * 2006-01-20 2011-12-13 Bemis Manufacturing Company Modular ratchet cap
US20130319070A1 (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-12-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for verifying the plausibility of a measuring device for determining the quality of an aqueous urea solution in a reservoir of an scr catalyst system
US9239320B2 (en) * 2012-05-31 2016-01-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method for verifying the plausibility of a measuring device for determining the quality of an aqueous urea solution in a reservoir of an SCR catalyst system
USD721423S1 (en) * 2013-04-08 2015-01-20 Adam Donald Jacques Lockable cap
US20160376068A1 (en) * 2015-06-25 2016-12-29 Meshbottles LLC Silicone bottle cap with removable glass insert
USD1078930S1 (en) * 2023-02-16 2025-06-10 The Foundation Group, Inc. Cap for spray tank

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6213170B1 (en) Valveless fuel tank assembly
US6805214B2 (en) Breather system and straddle-type four wheeled all terrain vehicle comprising breather system
US8789719B2 (en) Apparatus and methods for permanently attaching fuel delivery system components to fuel tanks
US7455052B2 (en) Fuel supply device
US20120012583A1 (en) Overfill prevention control for fluid storage container
US6807952B1 (en) Fuel tank and fuel flow control device
US20060163250A1 (en) Pro-tek see-thru gas cap
GB2382570A (en) Fuel tank venting system
US20090101220A1 (en) Removable auxiliary area fuel tank for motorcycles
US20190039673A1 (en) Oil filler cap and saddle riding type vehicle
US4741362A (en) Fuel tank for an off-road vehicle
US7284540B2 (en) Fuel pump module anti-siphon valve
US6840264B1 (en) Fuel tank venting system for reduced fuel permeation
US20200339206A1 (en) Tank made of resin
WO2005045303A3 (en) System for refueling a marine vehicle without spillage
US20250187900A1 (en) Apparatus for vacuum-filling a heat exchanger with fluid and method of using
JPH09112372A (en) Fuel tank breather device
KR101491390B1 (en) Filler neck of vehicle for reducing negative pressure
US11413958B2 (en) Fuel cut-off unit attachment structure
CN106938662A (en) Oil storage tank, the oily component of gear of oil storage tank and the vehicle with the oil storage tank
US20070289580A1 (en) Fuel System
JP3525949B2 (en) Breather structure of fuel tank for straddle type vehicle
TWI632084B (en) Fuel tank structure of straddle type vehicle
US8231110B2 (en) Retrofit roll-over valve for carburetor float bowl vent tube
US20190193556A1 (en) Fuel tank

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION