US2005683A - Road grading machine - Google Patents

Description

June 18, 1935. K Vw. IPOITER 2,005,683

ROAD GRADING MAGINE FildvFeb. 25, 1952 NH Nl June 18, 1935; K. w. PORTER 2,005,683

' ROAD GRADING MACHINE L Filed Feb. 23, 1952 :s sheets-sheet 2 Junerls, 1935. K w. PORTER y 2,005,683

' I ROAD GRADING MACHINE Filedfeb. 25, 1952 's sheets-sheet. 3

Patented June 18, 1935 f Kenneth IW. Porter, Effingham, Ill., vassigner to Moritz-Bennett Corporation, Eflngham, Ill., a

corporation of Illinois Application February 23, 1932, Serial No. 594,573

V16 claims.

My invention relates in general to grading machines and more in particular to a grader adapted to travel on a finished road surface and perform an operation on the road shoulder at the side thereof. y

Those skilled in the art are referred to the prior patent of Charles J. Moritz, No. 1,672,497 disclosing the type of kmachine to which the invention applies.

The principal object of the present invention is to improve machines of this character.` y

Another object is to minimize the possibility of side draft when the outer end of the mold board is under a heavy load.

Another object is the provision of an improved wing cutter or shoulder sloper which may be adjusted under load.

Another object is the provision of an improved attachment on the mold board for cutting `the shoulder to facilitate construction of the so-'called metal edge shoulder.

Another object is to provide improved means for confining the movement of earth to the shoulder and prevent such earth from being deposited on the pavement.

Another object is the provision of means for checking and adjusting thev pitch of the main mold board.

Another object is the provision of an improved road edge marker utilizable by the operator to facilitate proper control of the position of the cutting blade. n

Other objects and features of the invention will be apparent from a consideration of the following detailed description taken with theaccomy panying drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is a plan View of the improved grader of my construction;

` Fig. 2 is a sectional view takenon the line 2-2 of Fig. l, showing an elevational view of' ,thev

pavement edge marker;

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view looking at the right hand side of Fig. l, the mold board',y however, being shown straight to facilitate the disclosure;

Fig. 4 is an end view, looking at the rear end of Fig. 9 is an elevational view showing a mold board pitch indicator;

y] Fig. 10 is a plan view thereof;

Fig.f11 is an elevational view of an auxiliary scraper blade; and

Fig. 12 is a plan view thereof.

I shall first refer to the general features of the grader itself, so that the improvements therein and the manner in which they function will be more readily understood. The grader has a carriage frame I6 with the rear wheels I'I and the steerable wheels I8 controlled by a steering wheel I9. The frame has a front side extension 2l, and a rear side extension 22. The front side extension comprises merely an extension of a front transverse frame member, while the rear extension 22 includes several structuralmembers secured together with cross bracings and the like to form a rugged transverse mold board supporting extension (Fig. 4). A draw bar 23 connects the two extensions and an offset hitch arrangement 24 provides means for drawing the grader by a tractor in such a way that the greatest' amount of 'pull will be substantially in line with the mold board 2t. For adjusting the pitch and elevation of the mold board a bracket 21 is provided tiltably supported on thev extension'22. The

` inclination of the bracket is controlled by a handr wheel 28 and the bodily vertical position of the mold board is adjusted by a hand wheel 29. In effecting 'this adjustment the mo-ld board is carried on a vertical post 3 I' by a bottom bracket 32 l and the entire post is reciprocable vertically by the action of the hand wheel 29 in the bracket side draft.- rThe offset hitch 'together' withthe weight of the carriage frame are adequate to hold the grader on an even line for all usual operations.

earth on the'road shoulder, particularly when n When operating on certain types of al large volume of earth is being moved, there i still a tendency for the carriage toy shift, this 1 device 24 and the mold board.' I overcome this tendency by means of a couple bar comprising a-pair of telescope members 34 and 36 having a substantially universal pivot connection tol thel frame and inside end of the mold board respectively. A pin 31 interconnects the two telescoping members extending through a selected pair of series of holes on the two members whereby the length of the couple bar may be adjusted depending upon the angle of inclination of the mold board to the work. The joints at the end of the couple bar permit adjustment of the mold board in any of thefusual ways, as for example, the inclination secured by rotating the mold board with the post 3| as an axis, inclining its pitch or adjusting it bodily vertically by means of the hand wheel 29.

In the shoulder operations it is often customary to cut a slope on the outside edge of the shoulder.

This slope usually forms one wallof a drainage ditch and the angle thereof depends upon the design of the'ditch.v For cutting this Vslope I provide a sloper or wing cutter 38 pivoted at 39 (Fig. 5): to the end of the mold board so asto be adjustable thereon. vAn anglebar 4I reenforces the wing cutter and has an extension bearing over against the hack ofjthe mold board whereby someof the strain takenoff of the pivot. For adjusting the slope ofthe wing; cutter I provide trunnions 42 and43. supported between suitable brackets carried Vby the mold board fand wing cutter respectively of the character shown in the drawings. The trunnions are provided withright and lefthand threads and an adjusting'screw 44 operated by a hand wheel 46 is kthreaded in the trunnions, It is clear then that by operating the hand wheel the wing cutter may be rotated around the pivot 39 to any` suitable inclination within the limits of the design and will be held at such inclination by the adjusting screw d4.

, Injsome types of shoulder work it is customary to cutV a relatively narrowfand shallow trench along the edge of the shoulder close to the road and fill this trench with stones rand/or coarse gravel so that a solider surface will result on the shoulder immediately adjacent the hard roadway. This, of course. is a safety factor to mini` mize the possibility of accident if a motorist accidentally allo-ws his outside wheels to cut over olf of the pavement. In order to cut this trench I provide a cutting member 41 bolted to the inside edge of the mold board so as to be readily req movable cr as readily applied. As the drawings show the member 41 is shaped to have a plow action along the edge of the pavement and also an. earth removing action whereby the earth loosened by the plow action is removed and eventually is spread over the remaining portion of the shoulder by the main portion of the mold board.

A member 41 includes a removable cutting edge 50 boltedy to the portion thereof secured to the mold board and designedto be reversible Vso that either edge can be brought into positionto do the cutting. 'Iheportion 41a, integral with-the auxiliary member 41, extends back at an angle so that if the mold board is brought too close to the pavement there will be no possibility of the cuttingl blade 50 catching on thek edge of the pavement and being torn loose or otherwise injured. Since the kmold board is disposed at an angle, it is clear thatthere is a` relatively wide'surface of j the portion 41a which can come'in contact with the pavement edge. A por'tion41b extends at an angle forwardly to prevent earth picked up by the plow action of the auxiliarycutterfrom spilling over due to its volume onto the edge of the road. Y Y

When earth is being removed by the mold board 26, there arev occasions when the volume of dirt is so great that an excess amount of dirt may work around the inner end of the mold board and be deposited onto the pavement. Usually this is no more than could readily be distributed over the shoulder, but if left on the pavement a separate operation is required to remove it or an unsatisfactory job is produced. Under such circumstancesLI employ ank auxiliary mold board or pavement scraper 5l mounted on the frame in back of the mold board proper and so disposed with respect to the pavement as to remove earth y deposited on the pavement by the mold board and spread this earth out over the shoulder. The auxiliary mold board or pavement scraper is adjustable as to inclination and Vis readily removed from the frame m the event that its use is not required.

As Fig. 8 shows, the pavement scraper is relatively loosely carried so as to move at an angle over the road surface. 'I'here may be times when the pavement scraper is not required, however, and I vtherefore apply means for taking it out of contactwith the road surface. The scraper itself is loosely held by the link 1|, having one end connected to the scraper blade and the other end pivoted at 12 to a bell crank lever 13. This lever is pivoted at 14 between a pair of plates 16-16 and has a relatively long arm 11 with which the blade can be raised. yThis arm is provided with an opening 18 adapted to be broughtvinto alignment with the corresponding opening 19 in the plates 16. When the. pavement scraper is raised by pulling downwardly on the armv 11 of the bell crank, the holes 18 and 19 are lined up and the pin inserted through the holes prevents the arm from moving back due to the gravitational force of the scraper and so the pavement scraper is held out of engagement with the road surface.

I also provide means for controlling the pitch of the mold board. In general, it is customary to cut the shoulder so that it will constitute, as far as its surface is concerned, acontinuation of the hard road surface. It may be necessary, however, to cut the slopeat somewhat of an angle to the road surface for various reasons. Also, when cutting below the road surface as is done when the main road is to be widened, for examplait isy necessary to control the pitch of the mold board accurately. Heretofore lit has been customary to check the pitch merely with the eye, this being facilitated of course by the fact that the carriage was traveling on the roadsurface and fur-A nished a very excellent guide.

For accomplishing my result I provide azlevel,

attachment 52 shown in Fig. 1 in its position on the moldboard, and shown Lin Figs. Sand 10 en# larged tor facilitate the disclosure. The level at` In using the device theproper pitch of the mold L board is set and the arm 56 adjusted to center the bubble in the level indicator 62. vThe position of the pointer will then indicate the pitch ofthe blade, and when using the grader itfis merelyf necessary for the operator to maintain the bubble in a center position and hevkncws that he is adjusted to the proper pitch. Attention is also directed to the factthat the arm pointer 56a is a guide for determining the pitch to which the mold board is set. This makes it possible to set the mold board using a previously cut shoulder as a guite` so that the same pitchk of the slope is duplicated, or to set the pitch entirely inaccordance with specicationsl calling for a certain angularity with respect to the road. In connection with this pitch adjustment, those skilled in the art will recall that road surfaces are also pitched at times either toward the center or away from the center, while at other times they are perfectly flat. When operating on different'types of hard surface roads, it is obvious therefore that the pitch adjustment may become of considerable importance.

As a guide to the operator Iv provide. a pavement edge marker comprising a AU-shaped .strap 64 adjustably supported along the extension 2i having a pointer et pivoted between the ends of a pair of supports t?, the supports themselves having their upper ends pivoted to the member 64. The depending pointer or marker. 66 .being pivoted can ride over obstructions and the like without injury in the direction in which the grader is moving, but isirnmovable in a transversedirection, so that it always maintains an exact line which the operator can use as a guide in controlling the position of the grader on the pavement.

Those skilled in the art will understand how the different features of the invention cooperate to produce a unitary result. The couple bar is of particular use where a relatively greater strain is placed on the inside end of the mold board such as occurs when the auxiliary cutting blade is attached to the mold board. In this case also there is a tendency for more earth to be deposited on the road surface and the scraper is therefore of advantage in the combination. The use of the pavement edge marker is of particular advantage when the metal edge? shoulder auxiliary -cutter is employed as the shallow trench produced by this auxiliary cutter should be at the very edge of the hard road.

Although I have described the features of my invention in detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the same, it is obvious that I do not limit myself to the specific form shown, and the invention is limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to protect by United States Letters Patent is:-

l. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface, a side projection therefrom, a mold board adjustably supported on said side projection, and an adjustable couple bar secured by universal joints between the carriage and a point on the mold board near the end thereof -closest to the hard road surface.

2. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface, a side projection on the carriage, a mold board adjustably supported on the side projection, an auxiliary cutting blade narrower than the mold board secured near the inner end thereof and projecting below the mold board to cut a shallow trench below the road shoulder and adjacent the hard road, and means carried by the auxiliary cutting blade for removing earth from the edge of the hard road surface.

3. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface, a side projection on the carriage, a mold board adjustably supported on the side projection, an auxiliary cutting blade narrower than the mold board secured near the inner endv thereof and projecting below the mold board to cut a shallow trench .below the road shoulder and adjacent the hard road, said auxiliary cutter blade having a portion extending at an angle rearwardly thereof and adapted to bear against the hard road edge, and also having a portion extending a short distance across the surface of the hard road for removing earth deposited on the road by the auxiliary cutting blade.

4. A, grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface, a side projection on the carriage, a mold board adjustably supported on the side projection, an auxiliary kcutting blade narrower than the mold board secured near the inner end thereof and projecting below the-mold bo-ard to cut a shallow trench below the road shoulder and adjacent the hard road, and an adjustable couple bar secured by the universal joints between the'carriage anda point on the mold board'near said auxiliary cutting blade. l

5. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface, a side projection therefrom, a mold board adjustably supported on said side projection, a sloper cutter pivoted to the mold board at the outside end thereof, a pair of trunnions carried by the moldboard and sloper, and an adjusting screw having left and righthand threads engaging with the trunnions adapted to be turned to move the `sloper on its pivot for adjusting the angularity of the sloper with respect tothe mold board.

6. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface, a side projection therefrom, a mold board carried on the side pro-jection and adapted to operate en the road shoulder at the side of the hard road, a frame extension projecting out over the road shoulder in advance on a hard road surface, a side projection therefrom, a mold board carried on the side projection and adapted to operate on the road shoulder at the side of the hard road, a frame extension projecting out over the road shoulder in advance of the mold board, a draw bar extending from the' frame extension to the moid board, and a pavement edge marker adjustable along said frame extension.

8. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface, a side projection therefrom, a moldboard carried on the side projection and adapted to operate on the road shoulder at the side of the hard road, a frame extension projecting out over the road shoulder in advance of the mold board, and a pavement edge marker adjustable along said frame extension, said marker comprising an upper part for connecting to said frame extension and a lower part pivoted to the upper part on a pivot parallel to the frame extension whereby the lower part is immovable laterally with respect to the upper part, butl pivots longitudinally whereby it is permitted to ride over obstacles on the road shoulder or road without injury.

9. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface, a side extension from said carriage, a moldboard adjustably supported on the side extension, an auxiliary cutting blade narrower than the moldboard secured near the inner end thereof having a portion projecting below the moldboard and extending forwardly therefrom for cutting a shallow trench below the road shoulder and adjacent thehard road, and means for preventing earth from spilling onto the hard road surface. l

10. A `grader having a carriage adapted to vtravel on a hard road surface, a side projection on the carriage, a moldboard adjustably supported on the side projection, an auxiliary cutting blade narrower than the mold board secured nearthe inner end thereof and projecting below the mold board to cut a shallow trench below-the road shoulder and adjacent the hard road, a buffer provided with a blunt edge adapted to bearagainst therhard road edge, and means for preventing earth from spilling onto the hard road surface.

ll'. A grader Vhaving a carriage adapted to travelon a hard road surface, a side projection therefrom, a mold board adjustably supported on said side projection, an adjustable couple bar secured between the carriage and a point on the mold board near the end thereof closest to the hard road surface, and an auxiliary cutting blade narrower than the mold board secured near the inner end thereof substantially in line with the point of attachment of the adjustable couple bar to the mold board. f

12. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface, a mold board, means for supporting the mold board at the side thereof to cut a shoulder at the edge of the hard road surface, an auxiliary cutting blade secured to the mold board near the end thereof closest to the hard road surface, said auxiliary cutting blade comprising a part removably secured directly to the mold board, and a part extending from said first mentioned part at an angle below the edge of the mold board for cutting a shallow trench below the road shoulder and adjacent the hard road surface.

13. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface, a mold board, means for supporting the mold boardI at the side thereof to cut a shoulder at the edge of the hard road surface, an auxiliary cuttingbladesecured to the mold board near the end thereof, closest to the hard road surface, said auxiliary cutting blade comprising a part removably secured directly to the mold board and having a portion projecting over the hard road surface for pre` venting earth from spilling thereon, and a part extending from said rst mentioned part at an angle below the edge of the mold board for cutting a shallow trench below the road shoulder and adjacent the hard road surface.

14.V A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface, a mold board, means for supporting the mold board at the side thereof to cut a shoulder at the edge of they hard road surface, an 'auxiliary cutting blade secured to the mold board near theend thereof closest to the hard road surface, said auxiliary cutting blade comprising a part removably secured directly to the mold board, and a part extending from said rst mentioned part at an angle below the edge of the mold board for cutting a shallow trench below the road shoulder and adjacent the hard road surface, said second mentioned part having a portion Aextending. rearwardly at an angle to provide a blunt edge bearing against the edge of the hard road.

15. A grader having a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface, a mold board, means for supporting the mold board at the side thereof to cut a shoulder at the edge of thel hard.

road surface, an auxiliary cutting blade secured to the mold board near the end thereof closest to the hard road surface, said auxiliary cutting blade comprising a part removably secured di-y rectly to the mold board and having a portion projecting over the hard road surface for preventing spilling of earth thereon, and a partextending from said first rmentioned part at an angle below the edge of the mold board rfor cutting a shallow trench below the road shoulder and adjacent the hard road surface, said second mentionedpart having a portion extending rearwardly at an angle to provide a blunt edge bear-I a carriage adapted to travel on a hard road surface, an extension extending outwardly from the carriage over the shoulder of the road, a moldboard adjustably supported bythe extension, a sloper cutter pivoted to the moldboard at the outside end thereof, and means for adjusting the slope with respect to the mold board, said means including a pair of brackets extending upwardly fromthe moldboard and. slopcr respectively and rigidly secured adjacent adjoining ends of the same, a trunnion movably carried at the top of each bracket and an adjusting screw having left and right hand threads engaging with the trunnions to move the brackets and adjust the angularity of the sloper.

KENNETH W. PORTER.`

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