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US20030217767A1 - Thermocouple protective tube - Google Patents

Thermocouple protective tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030217767A1
US20030217767A1 US10/441,498 US44149803A US2003217767A1 US 20030217767 A1 US20030217767 A1 US 20030217767A1 US 44149803 A US44149803 A US 44149803A US 2003217767 A1 US2003217767 A1 US 2003217767A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
cylinder
shaped body
protective tube
thermocouple
coating layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/441,498
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English (en)
Inventor
Takuma Kushihashi
Kazuhiro Yamaguchi
Akira Satoh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd filed Critical Shin Etsu Chemical Co Ltd
Assigned to SHIN-ETSU CHEMICAL CO., LTD. reassignment SHIN-ETSU CHEMICAL CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: YAMAGUCHI, KAZUHIRO, KUSHIHASHI, TAKUMA, SATOH, AKIRA
Publication of US20030217767A1 publication Critical patent/US20030217767A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/08—Protective devices, e.g. casings
    • G01K1/12—Protective devices, e.g. casings for preventing damage due to heat overloading
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/08—Protective devices, e.g. casings
    • G01K1/10—Protective devices, e.g. casings for preventing chemical attack

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a protective tube for a thermocouple used for high temperature measurement in an oxidizing or corrosive atmosphere.
  • thermocouple is widely used as a practical means for measuring high temperature.
  • a wire (element) of the thermocouple an appropriate material is selected and used in accordance with a temperature range and an object to be measured or an environment in which the thermocouple is to be installed.
  • thermocouple 10 Under a severe condition such as corrosive atmosphere or intensely vibrating place, as shown in FIG. 2, there is used a so-called sheathe-type thermocouple 10 , wherein a thermocouple wire 9 is compactly sealed together with an insulator 8 without air gap in a thermocouple protective tube 7 made of metal or ceramic.
  • a material for the thermocouple protective tube 7 SUS or Inconel (trademark) is used because of its high melting point, oxidation resistance and so on.
  • magnesia magnesium oxide
  • the critical temperature at which the tube can be used continuously is around 1100° C. in the atmosphere, for example. If it is further severer condition where these materials cannot stand up any more, other material such as Hastelloy, alumina or molybdenum is used for the protective tube to obtain higher oxidation resistance, carbonization resistance and heat resistance.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a thermocouple protective tube having excellent resistances even at a high temperature and in an oxidizing or other corrosive atmosphere for a long period and having high response to temperature change.
  • thermocouple protective tube for protecting a thermocouple wire, comprising a hollow cylinder-shaped body which has one end closed and is composed of pyrolytic boron nitride, and a coating layer which is formed on an outer surface of the cylinder-shaped body and is composed of at least one material selected from pyrolytic carbon, carbon-containing pyrolytic boron nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide and aluminum nitride.
  • Pyrolytic boron nitride constituting the cylinder-shaped body has excellent resistance at a high temperature and also good response to temperature change. Further, pyrolytic carbon, carbon-containing pyrolytic boron nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide or aluminum nitride constituting the coating layer has more excellent resistance than pyrolytic boron nitride at a high temperature and in an oxidizing or other corrosive atmosphere and so on.
  • thermocouple protective tube comprises a cylinder-shaped body composed of pyrolytic boron nitride and a coating layer formed on an outer surface of the cylinder-shaped body and composed of a material selected in accordance with atmosphere
  • the tube is not oxidized or corroded at a high temperature and in an oxidizing or other corrosive atmosphere.
  • a thermocouple using a thermocouple protective tube wherein a coating layer composed of pyrolytic carbon is formed on an outer surface of a cylinder-shaped body composed of pyrolytic boron nitride, enables stable measurement of temperature for a long period even in a high temperature atmosphere containing fluorine gas.
  • the coating layer can be formed on the outer surface of the cylinder-shaped body by chemical vapor deposition.
  • a fine coating layer comprising a desired component and having a desired thickness can be formed on the outer surface of the cylinder-shaped body.
  • a thickness of the cylinder-shaped body is within the range of 0.3-1.5 mm and a thickness of the coating layer is within the range of 5-50 ⁇ m.
  • the cylinder-shaped body can have excellent strength and response to temperature change.
  • a thickness of the coating layer is within the above-described range, even if the tube is subjected to an oxidizing or other corrosive atmosphere at high temperature, the coating layer can exhibit an excellent resistance and have a little possibility to exfoliate.
  • Ra is not less than 0.5 ⁇ m and Rmax is not less than 5 ⁇ m.
  • a difference in coefficient of linear expansion between the cylinder-shaped body and the coating layer is not more than 2.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 /° C.
  • the coating layer has a very little possibility to exfoliate even though the temperature is increased and decreased repeatedly or rapidly.
  • a density of the cylinder-shaped body is not less than 1.9 g/cm 3 and not more than 2.1 g/cm 3 .
  • the cylinder-shaped body can have excellent strength and response to temperature change, and also can be produced easily by chemical vapor deposition.
  • An outer diameter of the cylinder-shaped body is preferably not less than 3 mm and not more than 15 mm.
  • thermocouple protective tube If a sheathe-type thermocouple is made up using the thermocouple protective tube according to the present invention as above, the thermocouple can be used stably for a long period even at a high temperature and in an oxidizing or other corrosive atmosphere. Therefore interruption of a process caused by trouble of a temperature-measurement system can be prevented, which contributes improvement of productivity.
  • thermocouple protective tube comprises a hollow cylinder-shaped body which has one end closed and is composed of pyrolytic boron nitride, and a coating layer which is composed of at least one material selected, in accordance with its purpose, from pyrolytic carbon, carbon-containing pyrolytic boron nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide and aluminum nitride and is formed on an outer surface of the cylinder-shaped body
  • the thermocouple protective tube can be used stably for a long period even at a high temperature and in an oxidizing or other corrosive atmosphere and can have good response to temperature change.
  • thermocouple in a case of measuring temperature by a sheathe-type thermocouple using the protective tube, a wire of the thermocouple in the inside of the protective tube cannot be damaged and so on, and therefore interruption of process due to any trouble of a temperature measurement system can be prevented, which can contribute improvement of productivity.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an example of a thermocouple protective tube according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a cross section of a conventional sheathe-type thermocouple.
  • FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing an example of a thermocouple protective tube 3 according to the present invention, wherein a coating layer 2 is formed on an outer surface of a hollow cylinder-shaped body 1 made of pyrolytic boron nitride and having one end closed.
  • Pyrolytic boron nitride which composes the cylinder-shaped body 1 , is a material having excellent resistance at high temperature and can be used up to around 2200° C. in an inert atmosphere.
  • the cylinder-shaped body composed of pyrolytic boron nitride can be preferably produced by chemical vapor deposition, for example.
  • the pyrolytic boron nitride obtained by chemical vapor deposition has so fine structure that gas cannot permeate it, and also has very good response to temperature change owing to a lower density and smaller specific heat than metal.
  • thermocouple protective tube In a thermocouple protective tube according to the present invention, a coating layer composed of at least one selected from the group consisting of pyrolytic carbon, carbon-containing pyrolytic boron nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide and aluminum nitride is formed on an outer surface of the above-mentioned cylinder-shaped body composed of pyrolytic boron nitride. Because this coating layer functions as a heat-absorbing layer and thus effectively absorbs the radiant heat from a heat source, the radiant heat hardly penetrates through the layer. Therefore, a thermocouple protective tube having better response to temperature change can be provided.
  • thermocouple protective tube is manufactured by coating, with pyrolytic carbon, an outer surface of the cylinder-shaped body composed of pyrolytic boron nitride, a thermocouple wire can be protected in the protective tube even in a high temperature atmosphere containing fluorine gas.
  • the thermocouple protective tube can be durable for a long period use.
  • thermocouple protective tube is manufactured by coating, with silicon carbide coat, an outer surface of the cylinder-shaped body composed of pyrolytic boron nitride, the thermocouple protective tube can be used for a long period even at a high temperature and in an oxidizing atmosphere.
  • the coating layer can be composed of any one of carbon-containing pyrolytic boron nitride, silicon nitride, and aluminum nitride depending on the atmosphere gas, or may be formed by laminating a plurality of layers composed of each material.
  • the coating layer composed of these materials also has excellent resistance at a high temperature and in an oxidizing or other corrosive atmosphere.
  • a coating layer composed of silicon nitride has excellent resistance to an oxidizing atmosphere.
  • thermocouple protective tube comprising the cylinder-shaped body and the coating layer as mentioned above, its thickness, density or the like may be determined in view of heat-resistance, strength, response to temperature change and so on. As a result of diligent studies by the inventors of the present invention, the following have been found.
  • the thickness of the cylinder-shaped body As for thickness of the cylinder-shaped body composed of pyrolytic boron nitride, if its thickness is less than 0.3 mm, it may be damaged at the time of handling. On the other hand, if the thickness is more than 1.5 mm, heat capacity of the protective tube becomes large, which may result in worse response to temperature change. Therefore, it is preferable that the thickness of the cylinder-shaped body is 0.3-1.5 mm. In a case that the thickness of the cylinder-shaped body is within this range, the cylinder-shaped body can have excellent strength and response to temperature change.
  • a thickness of the coating layer if its thickness is not more than 5 ⁇ m, the coating layer may be less effective. On the other hand, if the thickness is not less than 50 ⁇ m, the coating layer may exfoliate in use. Therefore, it is preferable that a thickness of the coating layer is 5-50 ⁇ m. In a case that a thickness of the coating layer is within this range, the coating layer can have excellent resistance even in a high temperature and oxidizing or other corrosive atmosphere and has little possibility to exfoliate.
  • the density of the cylinder-shaped body composed of pyrolytic boron nitride it is preferable that its density is determined so as to have sufficient strength as a thermocouple protective tube as well as to have high thermal conductivity and excellent response to temperature change. Specifically, its density is preferably not less than 1.9 g/cm 3 and not more than 2.1 g/cm 3 . If the density of the cylinder-shaped body is more than 2.1 g/cm 3 , it means that pyrolytic boron nitride is well crystallized. However, when the density increases, thermal conductivity to the thickness direction of the cylinder-shaped body decrease, which may result in worse response to temperature change.
  • the reason is based on anisotropy in thermal conductivity of pyrolytic boron nitride, that is, as crystallinity of pyrolytic boron nitride is higher, the difference of thermal conductivity between in the thickness direction and in the side direction becomes larger.
  • the density of pyrolytic boron nitride is 1.9 g/cm 3 -2.1 g/cm 3 , it can have excellent strength and response to temperature change and also an advantage of enabling easy production by chemical vapor deposition.
  • an outer diameter of the cylinder-shaped body is not less than 3 mm and not more than 15 mm.
  • the cylinder-shaped body has such a size, it has sufficient strength as a protective tube and response to temperature change. Further, a thermocouple using the cylinder-shaped body can be handled easily and also produced easily. Meanwhile, if the outer diameter of the cylinder-shaped body is less than 3 mm, it may be damaged at the time of handling. On the other hand, if the outer diameter of the cylinder-shaped body is more than 15 mm, heat capacity of the protective tube itself becomes large. In addition, the amount of an insulator sealed together with a thermocouple wire in the protective tube also increases, so that heat capacity of the insulator also becomes large, which may result in worse response to temperature change.
  • thermocouple protective tube in order to prevent exfoliation of a coating layer when the temperature is increased and decreased repeatedly, it is preferable that a surface of the cylinder-shaped body composed of pyrolytic boron nitride is made relatively rough and the difference in coefficient of linear expansion between the cylinder-shaped body and the coating layer is small.
  • the coating layer may exfoliate by increasing and decreasing the temperature repeatedly.
  • the difference is not more than 2.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 /° C.
  • expansion coefficients of the cylinder-shaped body and the coating layer are approximate to each other, so that the coating layer is difficult to exfoliate even in measurement of high temperature. That is, by making the difference in coefficient of linear expansion between the cylinder-shaped body and the coating layer not more than 2.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 /° C., it is possible to obtain a good adhesion between the cylinder-shaped body and the coating layer.
  • the possibility of exfoliation of the coating layer is very small even if the temperature is increased and decreased repeatedly or rapidly. Therefore, there can be provided a highly reliable thermocouple protective tube.
  • thermocouple protective tube according to the present invention is not particularly limited, all of a cylinder-shaped body and a coating layer which compose the thermocouple protective tube can be produced by chemical vapor deposition.
  • the thermocouple protective tube thus produced by chemical vapor deposition also has advantages of being high pure, generating outgas and hence not becoming a source of contamination to products (objects to be measured).
  • surface roughness, thickness, density or the like of the cylinder-shaped body and the coating layer can be set to desirable values by adjusting conditions of chemical vapor deposition such as composition of material gases, pressure of atmosphere, and temperature.
  • a hollow cylinder-shaped body which has one end closed and is composed of pyrolytic boron nitride, is formed on a graphite susceptor by chemical vapor deposition.
  • a coating layer is formed as a heat absorbing layer or protecting layer, which is composed of at least one element selected from pyrolytic carbon, carbon-containing pyrolytic boron nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide and aluminum nitride.
  • the coating layer can be also formed by chemical vapor deposition in the same manner as the cylinder-shaped body. In this way, a coating layer composed of desirable components and having a desirable thickness can be formed closely on an outer surface of the cylinder-shaped body.
  • the chemical vapor deposition is performed by using hydrocarbon gas such as methane as raw material for forming pyrolytic carbon, or by using boron trichloride, ammonia and hydrocarbon gas as raw material for carbon-containing pyrolytic boron nitride.
  • hydrocarbon gas such as methane
  • boron trichloride, ammonia and hydrocarbon gas as raw material for carbon-containing pyrolytic boron nitride.
  • thermocouple protective tube can have good response to temperature change and the protective tube cannot be oxidized or corroded, even if the thermocouple is used in a high temperature and oxidizing or other corrosive atmosphere for a long period. Therefore the temperature can be measured continuously and accurately.
  • Ammonia 5SLM and boron trichloride 2SLM were reacted under the pressure of 10 Torr and the temperature of 1800° C. to produce a cylinder-shaped body composed of pyrolytic boron nitride and having one end closed, which has an inner diameter of 5 mm, an outer diameter of 7 mm and a length of 250 mm, on a graphite susceptor by chemical vapor deposition. Then, a layer of pyrolytic carbon having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was formed on an outer surface of the cylinder-shaped body by thermally decomposing methane 4SLM under the pressure of 5 Torr and the temperature of 1750° C.
  • thermocouple wire was sealed without air gap together with magnesia serving as insulator in the thus-obtained protective tube to configure a sheathe-type thermocouple.
  • This sheathe-type thermocouple was attached in the inside of a chamber and 1% NF 3 /N 2 was flowed into the chamber. Then a heater installed in the inside of the chamber was electrically operated to increase the temperature in the chamber to 1300° C. Even though 150 hours had passed, there was no change in the appearance of the protective tube and breaking of the thermocouple was not generated.
  • a sheathe-type thermocouple was configured using a thin tube composed of alumina and having one end closed, which has an inner diameter of 5 mm, an outer diameter of 7 mm and a length of 250 mm.
  • This sheathe-type thermocouple was attached in the inside of a chamber and 1% NF 3 /N 2 was flowed into the chamber. Then a heater installed in the inside of the chamber was electrically operated to increase the temperature in the chamber to 1300° C. When 34 hours had passed, the thermocouple had been broken and the measurement of temperature was not able to continue. Corrosion caused by NF 3 gas was observed on a surface of the protective tube.
  • a sheathe-type thermocouple was configured using a thin tube composed of molybdenum and having one end closed, which has an inner diameter of 5 mm, an outer diameter of 7 mm and a length of 250 mm.
  • This sheathe-type thermocouple was attached in the inside of a chamber and 1% NF 3 /N 2 was flowed into the chamber. Then a heater installed in the inside of the chamber was electrically operated to increase the temperature in the chamber to 1300° C. When 62 hours had passed, the thermocouple had been broken and the measurement of temperature was not able to continue. Corrosion caused by NF 3 gas was observed on a surface of the protective tube.
  • a thermal shock resistance test was made on the thus-obtained protective tube in such a way that the protective tube is heated to 700° C. and then thrown into water.
  • the carbon-containing pyrolytic boron nitride layer serving as the coating layer did not exfoliate even after heating and throwing into water had been repeated 10 times.
  • Example 2 In the same manner as Example 1, a cylinder-shaped body composed of pyrolytic boron nitride was produced. Then an outer surface of the cylinder-shaped body was subjected to surface treatment to obtain the surface roughness of Ra-1.3 ⁇ m and Rmax-10.4 ⁇ m. Next, a coating layer composed of pyrolytic carbon having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was formed on the outer surface of the cylinder-shaped body in the same manner as Example 1.
  • the linear expansion coefficient of the cylinder-shaped body composed of pyrolytic boron nitride was 3.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 /° C. and that of the coating layer composed of pyrolytic carbon was 1.7 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 /° C., so the difference between the two was 1.8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 /° C.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
US10/441,498 2002-05-22 2003-05-20 Thermocouple protective tube Abandoned US20030217767A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002-147892 2002-05-22
JP2002147892A JP2003344169A (ja) 2002-05-22 2002-05-22 熱電対保護管

Publications (1)

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US20030217767A1 true US20030217767A1 (en) 2003-11-27

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US (1) US20030217767A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1365219B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003344169A (fr)
DE (1) DE60310302T2 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040173161A1 (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-09-09 General Electric Company Wafer handling apparatus and method of manufacturing thereof
US20070086503A1 (en) * 2004-07-01 2007-04-19 Yoshinori Fujii Substrate temperature measurement apparatus and processing apparatus
US20100028225A1 (en) * 2008-07-31 2010-02-04 Stephen Edward Gatz Capillary protective cover
WO2012033859A1 (fr) * 2010-09-07 2012-03-15 Stoneridge, Inc. Capteur thermique
KR20130001905A (ko) * 2011-06-28 2013-01-07 엘지이노텍 주식회사 진공 열처리 장치
CN105960033A (zh) * 2016-07-12 2016-09-21 北京中兴实强陶瓷轴承有限公司 一种加热器
CN113008399A (zh) * 2021-01-26 2021-06-22 松诺盟科技有限公司 高温耐腐蚀热电偶及其加工方法
CN117362062A (zh) * 2023-09-20 2024-01-09 西安航空制动科技有限公司 一种加工长径比为50~130的碳/碳材料套管的方法

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CN100453987C (zh) * 2004-07-29 2009-01-21 日本贺利氏电测骑士公司 耐热性保护管及其制造方法
EP1677087A1 (fr) * 2004-12-21 2006-07-05 Vesuvius Crucible Company Ensemble de thermocouples et un procédé d'utilisation
DE102007032694A1 (de) 2007-07-13 2009-01-22 Kutzner, Dieter, Dipl.-Ing. Schutzhülle für ein Temperaturmesselement
DE102008029227B4 (de) * 2008-06-19 2012-11-22 Temperaturmeßtechnik Geraberg GmbH Oberflächenstrukturierter Temperaturfühler und Verfahren zur Herstellung
CN101894904B (zh) * 2010-07-15 2011-12-28 电子科技大学 一种金属基薄膜热电偶及其生产方法
DE102011008179B4 (de) * 2011-01-10 2012-11-29 Paul Rüster & Co. GmbH Temperaturfühler
DE102015001911A1 (de) 2015-02-16 2016-08-18 Wika Alexander Wiegand Se & Co. Kg Gepanzertes Messchutzrohr für den Einsatz in agrressiven Medien
DE102017100267A1 (de) 2017-01-09 2018-07-12 Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co. Kg Thermometer
CN107606937B (zh) * 2017-09-07 2023-05-09 广东欧莱高新材料股份有限公司 一种带密封式热电偶的高温气氛烧结炉
JP7474600B2 (ja) * 2020-02-17 2024-04-25 東京応化工業株式会社 基板加熱装置および基板処理システム
CN114184292A (zh) * 2021-11-25 2022-03-15 长沙新立硅材料科技有限公司 一种连续测量石墨坩埚壁温度的装置及放置方法

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US5772324A (en) * 1995-10-02 1998-06-30 Midwest Instrument Co., Inc. Protective tube for molten metal immersible thermocouple
US5850072A (en) * 1997-02-18 1998-12-15 Eckert; C. Edward Electric heater assembly

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US5181779A (en) * 1989-11-22 1993-01-26 Nippon Steel Corporation Thermocouple temperature sensor and a method of measuring the temperature of molten iron
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US5850072A (en) * 1997-02-18 1998-12-15 Eckert; C. Edward Electric heater assembly

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7364624B2 (en) * 2003-01-17 2008-04-29 Momentive Performance Materials Inc. Wafer handling apparatus and method of manufacturing thereof
US20040173161A1 (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-09-09 General Electric Company Wafer handling apparatus and method of manufacturing thereof
US20070086503A1 (en) * 2004-07-01 2007-04-19 Yoshinori Fujii Substrate temperature measurement apparatus and processing apparatus
US7604401B2 (en) * 2004-07-01 2009-10-20 Ul Vac, Inc. Substrate temperature measurement apparatus and processing apparatus
US20100028225A1 (en) * 2008-07-31 2010-02-04 Stephen Edward Gatz Capillary protective cover
US8690423B2 (en) 2010-09-07 2014-04-08 Stoneridge, Inc. Temperature sensor
WO2012033859A1 (fr) * 2010-09-07 2012-03-15 Stoneridge, Inc. Capteur thermique
CN103180703A (zh) * 2010-09-07 2013-06-26 斯通瑞智公司 温度传感器
KR20130001905A (ko) * 2011-06-28 2013-01-07 엘지이노텍 주식회사 진공 열처리 장치
US20140127635A1 (en) * 2011-06-28 2014-05-08 Lg Innotek Co., Ltd. Vacuum heat treatment apparatus
US9846084B2 (en) * 2011-06-28 2017-12-19 Lg Innotek Co., Ltd. Vacuum heat treatment apparatus
KR101916238B1 (ko) * 2011-06-28 2019-01-30 엘지이노텍 주식회사 진공 열처리 장치
CN105960033A (zh) * 2016-07-12 2016-09-21 北京中兴实强陶瓷轴承有限公司 一种加热器
CN113008399A (zh) * 2021-01-26 2021-06-22 松诺盟科技有限公司 高温耐腐蚀热电偶及其加工方法
CN117362062A (zh) * 2023-09-20 2024-01-09 西安航空制动科技有限公司 一种加工长径比为50~130的碳/碳材料套管的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1365219A2 (fr) 2003-11-26
DE60310302T2 (de) 2007-05-31
EP1365219B1 (fr) 2006-12-13
JP2003344169A (ja) 2003-12-03
DE60310302D1 (de) 2007-01-25
EP1365219A3 (fr) 2004-02-25

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