US20030161973A1 - Composite, method for producing a product from a composite, and method for producing a shaped body from a composite - Google Patents
Composite, method for producing a product from a composite, and method for producing a shaped body from a composite Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20030161973A1 US20030161973A1 US10/297,325 US29732503A US2003161973A1 US 20030161973 A1 US20030161973 A1 US 20030161973A1 US 29732503 A US29732503 A US 29732503A US 2003161973 A1 US2003161973 A1 US 2003161973A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- bast fiber
- fiber plants
- composite
- comminuted
- several
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000488995 Comandra Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001456088 Hesperocnide Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000000797 Hibiscus cannabinus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009108 Urtica dioica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000035 biogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000531908 Aramides Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical group CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005629 polypropylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000011782 Keratins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010076876 Keratins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021120 animal protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012840 feeding operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009757 thermoplastic moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/045—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with vegetable or animal fibrous material
Definitions
- the invention relates to a composite for producing shaped bodies, said composite comprising at least one binding agent, at least one filler and at least one reinforcing agent.
- the invention furthermore relates to a method for producing a product from a composite, as well as a method for producing a shaped body from a corresponding composite.
- plastic materials for high-quality applications are either polymerized in a synthetically involved technique or up to 40% glass, coal or aramide fibers are mixed into a low-quality polymer matrix as reinforcement. A high amount of energy is required to produce such fibers.
- already macerated natural fibers such as flax or sisal are presently worked into synthetic material matrices to create a substitute for glass fibers. However, no replacement has been found so far for glass fibers with respect to strength.
- This object is solved with a composite for producing shaped bodies, which contains at least one binding agent, at least one filler, and at least one reinforcing agent.
- the composite is modified in that the at least one filler and the at least one reinforcing agent are comminuted bast fiber plants and/or whole bast fiber plants.
- composite in particular also comprises the term “composite material.”
- filler and reinforcing agent are comminuted bast fiber plants, which for the most part are not macerated but only cut up.
- a preferred composite in particular is modified in that the bast fiber plants and/or the comminuted bast fiber plants are essentially present in the natural composition of the plant components. Normally, the plant components (wood, fibers) are present as a unit, separated, macerated or still in part adhering to each other. When cutting up the bast fiber plants, a partial or complete separation between wood (shives 1 ) and fibers can occur, which indeed can also have advantages.
- shives in this connection refers to parts of the comminuted, lignified inside portion of the plant stem.
- the comminuted bast fiber plants comprise few shives that are separated and/or partially separated from the bast fibers.
- a natural composition of the plant components is understood to mean that these still exist in the same quantitative composition as in nature.
- the bast fiber plants and/or the comminuted bast fiber plants are preferably dried.
- the bast fiber plants and/or the comminuted bast fiber plants are furthermore preferably hemp, flax, kenaf, stinging nettle and/or toad flax.
- the dried and comminuted and/or cut bast fiber plants preferably used as filler and reinforcing agents, have a considerably higher tensile strength than other natural fibers in the natural composition of the plant components and are thus predestined for use in technologically high-quality composite polymers.
- the fiber portion in this case functions as reinforcing agent and the shive portion essentially as the filler.
- the binding agent preferably includes synthetic and/or native monomers and/or polymers.
- the term native within the framework of this invention in particular also means biogenic.
- a native and/or biogenic monomer is lactic acid, for example, a breakdown product of the fermentation process.
- Native and/or biogenic polymers for example, include plant starches from the family of polysaccharides, as well as lignin or even keratin from the family of animal proteins.
- the biogenic and/or native polymers or monomers can also include other known materials.
- Synthetic polymers for example, are polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and other polymers.
- the polymers are preferably thermoplastic and function as plastic matrix.
- the synthetic polymers are preferably produced from petrochemical base materials.
- Additives are preferably provided and include, for example, bonding agents between the at least one filler and the at least one reinforcing agent and the matrix and/or the binding agent. Particularly suitable are additives that reduce, in particular, the combustibility and breakdown ability of the bast fiber plants and/or the comminuted bast fiber plants and/or the composites.
- a binding agent in particular also refers to a matrix.
- the reinforcing agents and the fillers are essentially enclosed completely by the binding agents and are fixated at their location.
- the at least one filler and the at least one reinforcing agent are essentially combined, in particular in the natural form, thus making it possible to realize an especially cost-effective composite.
- the composite can be foamed up if it contains at least one expanding agent, e.g. for producing insulating materials.
- the effect of the expanding agent preferably is either chemical and/or physical.
- a preferred example of a chemically effective expanding agent is a foam-producing material or, for example, sodium bicarbonate (baking powder).
- a physically effective expanding agent for example, is water or CO 2 .
- the at least one filler and/or the at least one reinforcing agent preferably functions as carrier for at least one expanding agent and/or at least one foaming agent.
- Water that is already present in the plants and/or plant parts or is additionally added and causes a foaming of the matrix and/or the binding agent at processing temperatures above 100° C. is particularly suitable for this. Insulation materials can thus be produced easily and cheaply while using safe expanding agents.
- the moisture content of the plant parts can vary, for example between 3% and 40% for hemp. Following a normal drying process, the plant parts generally contain approximately 12% residual moisture.
- the aforementioned plants and plant parts furthermore have the advantage of causing low wear on the respective production machines as compared to the use of synthetic fibers, thus extending the service life of compounding and production machines.
- the processing of natural fibers does not pose a health threat, in contrast to the processing of glass fibers, so that fewer protective measures are required.
- the composite is preferably produced by means of extrusion, injection-molding and/or strand-depositing.
- a method for producing a product, in particular a granulate, from an aforementioned composite preferably includes the following steps:
- the granulating can also be realized after the complete solidification of the material by cutting the extruded product.
- the material is processed further with the following steps:
- the bast fiber plants or the comminuted bast fiber plants are added or following this process, they are preferably stirred and/or mixed into the melted binding agent.
- the bast fiber plants and/or the comminuted bast fiber plants are preferably added before the at least one binding agent is melted. It is preferable if the comminuted bast fiber plants are comminuted in such a way that pieces measuring up to 3 mm result.
- the mixture consisting of at least one binding agent and the bast fiber plants and/or the comminuted bast fiber plants is preferably heated up, such that at least one expanding agent is triggered to expand.
- the mixture and in particular the binding agent foams up.
- An insulating material, for example, can thus be produced easily with this measure.
- a particularly easy and cheap method of foaming up is provided if the temperature is preferably at 100° C. or higher and the expanding agent is water, which is present in the bast fiber plants or the comminuted bast fiber plants and/or in the filler and/or the reinforcing agent or which is added.
- the bast fiber plants and/or the comminuted bast fiber plants are preferably dried before they are added and/or supplied to the binding agent.
- the bast fiber plants and/or the comminuted bast fiber plants are furthermore enriched with water and/or another expanding agent before being added to the binding agent.
- An expanding agent can additionally or alternatively be added to the binding agent before or after the comminuted bast fiber plants are added. As a result of this measure according to the invention, the foaming effect can be increased.
- An additional method for producing a shaped body from a composite preferably comprises the following steps:
- Insulating materials and sound insulating and/or heat-insulating shaped bodies can be produced easily if the mixture preferably is heated up enough, so that at least one expanding agent is triggered to expand.
- the temperature preferably is at 100° C. or higher and the expanding agent preferably is water that is present in the bast fiber plants or the comminuted bast fiber plants or in the filler and/or the reinforcing agent, or which is added.
- the bast fiber plants and/or the comminuted bast fiber plants are preferably dried prior to being mixed into the at least one binding agent.
- the bast fiber plants and/or the comminuted bast fiber plants are furthermore enriched with water and/or at least one additional expanding agent before being mixed into the binding agent.
- an expanding agent can be added to the binding agent before or after the addition of the comminuted bast fiber plants.
- the foaming effect can be increased as a result of this measure according to the invention. Thus, a higher foaming effect can be achieved with this preferred embodiment of the method.
- a shaped body preferably consists at least in part of a composite of the type described in the above and/or is preferably produced according to one of the above-described methods.
- Long bast fiber plant sections have an advantage with shaped bodies in the form of slabs.
- Thermoplastics filled with bast fiber plants for example in the form of slab goods or semi-finished products, can be used for producing windowsills or similar items.
- Shaped bodies of this type show hardly any swelling caused by the effects of water.
- Shaped bodies that can be produced include, for example, wall reinforcements, floor stabilizers and slope stabilizers, floor plates with raised areas having non-skid top surfaces and provided, for example, with an anchor at the bottom as well as posts, meadow fences or garden fences, planters, poles for growing plants, manhole and pipe covers, outer shells for waste baskets, feed troughs, leakage basins, dog houses, raised seats, log-type play houses, climbing towers, garden furniture, park benches and the like.
- corresponding shaped bodies are also suitable for use as viewing and noise protection walls.
- the correspondingly produced shaped bodies can be used in road construction and as structural components for securing the slope and embankment area. As previously indicated, they can function as insulating materials or as large-dimension injection-molded articles, for example surfboards, boogie boards or similar items.
- a device disclosed in WO 00/14312 can be used for comminuting the fiber plants.
- the fiber plant material is not compressed or broken up with this method, but is only cut to the desired length.
- the fiber plant material is transferred to a receiving chute, meaning a receiving chute of a tobacco cutter known in the tobacco-processing industry, and is conveyed to an orifice. There, it is cut into sections having a desired length with the aid of a cutting device, provided with rotating or linearly moving blades.
- the fiber components as well as the wood and shive components preferably are not further processed and separated.
- Bast fiber plant sections measuring from 0.1 to 150 mm, in particular from 2 mm to 50 mm, are preferably provided. With the preferred injection-molding process, fiber sections of 2 mm are used, wherein the share of fibers used can reach up to 40%.
- Preferred matrix materials and/or binding materials used are polyethylene with a high density (PE-HD), polypropylene homopolymer (PP), polystyrene (PS) and starch (MaterBi 2 , Y-type 3 ).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10027297A DE10027297A1 (de) | 2000-06-05 | 2000-06-05 | Verbundstoff, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Produkts aus einem Verbundstoff und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formkörpers aus einem Verbundstoff |
| DE100-27-297.5 | 2000-06-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US20030161973A1 true US20030161973A1 (en) | 2003-08-28 |
Family
ID=7644416
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/297,325 Abandoned US20030161973A1 (en) | 2000-06-05 | 2001-05-19 | Composite, method for producing a product from a composite, and method for producing a shaped body from a composite |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20030161973A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1290066A1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2001262302A1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE10027297A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2001094449A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060065681A1 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-03-30 | Chi-Yee Yeh | Paper-made cloth hanger |
| WO2007131298A1 (fr) * | 2006-05-17 | 2007-11-22 | Ausplaztik Pty Ltd | Composition en matière plastique recyclée |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1321264B1 (fr) * | 2001-12-17 | 2006-07-19 | HB-Feinmechanik GmbH & Co.KG | Procédé de production de granulés |
| DE102006010354B4 (de) * | 2006-03-07 | 2011-02-17 | MöllerTech GmbH | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Ausgangsmaterials für einen Schäumprozess in Form eines Kunststoffgranulats sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines geschäumten Artikels |
| DE102007051939A1 (de) * | 2007-10-29 | 2009-04-30 | Achim Koenes | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Transportpaletten aus Kunststoff |
| DE102008046770A1 (de) * | 2008-09-11 | 2010-03-18 | Polytec Automotive Gmbh & Co. Kg | Direktcompoundieren von Naturfasern |
| GB2491604A (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-12 | Coca Cola Co | Natural Fibre Material |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5231121A (en) * | 1991-02-02 | 1993-07-27 | Huls Aktiengesellschaft | Natural fiber containing molding compounds based on unsaturated polyester resins, and molded bodies obtained from the molding compounds |
| US5663216A (en) * | 1993-07-28 | 1997-09-02 | Bio-Tec Biologische Naturverpackungen Gmbh | Reinforced biodegradable polymer |
| US5827905A (en) * | 1995-09-26 | 1998-10-27 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Biodegradable plastics filled with reinforcing materials |
| US5922379A (en) * | 1998-05-05 | 1999-07-13 | Natural Polymer International Corporation | Biodegradable protein/starch-based thermoplastic composition |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57108161A (en) * | 1980-12-24 | 1982-07-06 | Iwao Hishida | Composite resin composition |
| JPS644652A (en) * | 1987-06-26 | 1989-01-09 | Nanba Press Kogyo Kk | Sisal-hemp-reinforced composite thermoplastic composition |
| DE4408855B4 (de) * | 1994-03-16 | 2007-05-10 | Emda Foundation For Development Aid Acp-Eec Asbl | Faserverstärkter, zelliger Kunststoff und Verwendung desselben |
| EP0687711B1 (fr) * | 1994-06-16 | 2002-08-07 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Matériau composite fibreux et procédé pour le produire |
| DE19517763C2 (de) * | 1995-05-15 | 2003-06-05 | Rhodia Acetow Gmbh | Formkörper aus Verbundmaterial auf der Basis von Celluloseacetat und verstärkenden natürlichen Cellulosefasern und dessen Verwendung |
| ES2130085B1 (es) * | 1997-09-19 | 2000-03-01 | Irausa Ing Sa | Material compuesto cargado/reforzado con fibras agro-vegetales. |
| DE19815783A1 (de) * | 1998-04-08 | 1999-10-14 | Schock & Co Gmbh | Faserverstärkter Kunststofformkörper |
-
2000
- 2000-06-05 DE DE10027297A patent/DE10027297A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-05-19 EP EP01936377A patent/EP1290066A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-05-19 US US10/297,325 patent/US20030161973A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-19 AU AU2001262302A patent/AU2001262302A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-19 WO PCT/EP2001/005761 patent/WO2001094449A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5231121A (en) * | 1991-02-02 | 1993-07-27 | Huls Aktiengesellschaft | Natural fiber containing molding compounds based on unsaturated polyester resins, and molded bodies obtained from the molding compounds |
| US5663216A (en) * | 1993-07-28 | 1997-09-02 | Bio-Tec Biologische Naturverpackungen Gmbh | Reinforced biodegradable polymer |
| US5827905A (en) * | 1995-09-26 | 1998-10-27 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Biodegradable plastics filled with reinforcing materials |
| US5922379A (en) * | 1998-05-05 | 1999-07-13 | Natural Polymer International Corporation | Biodegradable protein/starch-based thermoplastic composition |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060065681A1 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-03-30 | Chi-Yee Yeh | Paper-made cloth hanger |
| US7311230B2 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2007-12-25 | Chi-Yee Yeh | Paper-made cloth hanger |
| WO2007131298A1 (fr) * | 2006-05-17 | 2007-11-22 | Ausplaztik Pty Ltd | Composition en matière plastique recyclée |
| US20090258957A1 (en) * | 2006-05-17 | 2009-10-15 | Ausplaztik Pty Ltd | Recycled Plastic Composition |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2001262302A1 (en) | 2001-12-17 |
| DE10027297A1 (de) | 2001-12-06 |
| EP1290066A1 (fr) | 2003-03-12 |
| WO2001094449A1 (fr) | 2001-12-13 |
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