US2096670A - Permanent magnet - Google Patents
Permanent magnet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2096670A US2096670A US45431A US4543135A US2096670A US 2096670 A US2096670 A US 2096670A US 45431 A US45431 A US 45431A US 4543135 A US4543135 A US 4543135A US 2096670 A US2096670 A US 2096670A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- heat treatment
- over
- nickel
- titanium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000545 Nickel–aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
Definitions
- This invention relates to magnets and has reference to magnets made from ferrous-nickelaluminium alloys.
- the present invention consists in its broadest aspect of a permanent magnet composed of from 30% to 35% nickel, from to aluminium, from 0.4% to 4% titanium and the rest iron having a carbon content oi not over 0.15%.
- the' composition being heat treated to render it permanently magnetizable by heating to a temperature between 1100 to 1300 C. and quenching in oil, and then heating to between 650 and 800 C. and cooling in air or air blast.
- the preferred alloy for use in the manufacture of magnets contains, in addition to iron, about 32% nickel, 12% aluminium and 2% titanium. Carbon is bound to be present but it is desirable to keep it as low as possible and preferably the carbon content should not exceed 0.1%. It has been found, however, that a carbon content of 0.15% is permissible.
- this alloy is made to exhibit desirable magnetic properties.
- the preferred heat treatment consists in heating to 1280 C.
- a permanent magnet of steel alloy consisting of 30 to 35% nickel, 10 to 15% aluminum, substantially .4 to 4% titanium and the rest iron, 15 heat-treated by first being raised to a temperature of between 1100 C. and 1300 C. and quenched in oil followed by heating to substantially 675 C. to 775 C. and cooled in air, said magnet having a BHmax of 1,000,000 or over and a coercive force of 500 or over.
- a permanent magnet of steel alloy consisting of substantially 32% nickel, 12% aluminum,
- a permanent magnet of claim 2 inwhich the titanium content is about .4%.
- a permanent magnet of claim 2 in which the temperature of the first heat treatment is about 1280 C. and the temperature of the second heat treatment is about 750 C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Description
Cal
.Patented Oct. 19, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE No Drawing. Application October 17, 1935, Se-
rial No. 45,431. In Great Britain May 1, 1934 4 Claims.
This invention relates to magnets and has reference to magnets made from ferrous-nickelaluminium alloys. Y
Steel alloys for permanent magnets containing large percentage of nickel, and lesser percentages of aluminium, together with certain other elements are already known, and it is the object of the present invention to provide magnets made from an alloy of this general type but having a certain specific constitution which, after sub- Jection to a special heat treatment hereinafter set out, exhibit enhanced magnetic properties.
' The present invention consists in its broadest aspect of a permanent magnet composed of from 30% to 35% nickel, from to aluminium, from 0.4% to 4% titanium and the rest iron having a carbon content oi not over 0.15%. the' composition being heat treated to render it permanently magnetizable by heating to a temperature between 1100 to 1300 C. and quenching in oil, and then heating to between 650 and 800 C. and cooling in air or air blast.
The preferred alloy for use in the manufacture of magnets contains, in addition to iron, about 32% nickel, 12% aluminium and 2% titanium. Carbon is bound to be present but it is desirable to keep it as low as possible and preferably the carbon content should not exceed 0.1%. It has been found, however, that a carbon content of 0.15% is permissible.
By heat treatment this alloy is made to exhibit desirable magnetic properties. The preferred heat treatment consists in heating to 1280 C. and
' quenching in oil and reheating to 750 C. and
cooling in air blast. After such a treatment the properties of a sample of the steel having the preferred constitution were found to be:-
Remanence (Bi-em) gausses 5,000 Maximum product (BHmax) of B and H- 1,000,000 Coercive force (He) gausses 500 The heat treatment of the alloy to render it permanently magnetimble is approximately the same with all alloys within the scope of the invention. 10
What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:-
1. A permanent magnet of steel alloy consisting of 30 to 35% nickel, 10 to 15% aluminum, substantially .4 to 4% titanium and the rest iron, 15 heat-treated by first being raised to a temperature of between 1100 C. and 1300 C. and quenched in oil followed by heating to substantially 675 C. to 775 C. and cooled in air, said magnet having a BHmax of 1,000,000 or over and a coercive force of 500 or over.
2. A permanent magnet of steel alloy consisting of substantially 32% nickel, 12% aluminum,
.4 to 2.0% titanium and the rest iron of not over 0.15% carbon, heat-treated by first being raised to a temperature of between 1100 C. and 1300 C. and quenched in oil followed by heating to substantially 675 C. to 775 C. and cooled in air, said magnet having a BHmax of 1,000,000 or over and a coercive force of 500 or over.
3. A permanent magnet of claim 2 inwhich the titanium content is about .4%.
4. A permanent magnet of claim 2 in which the temperature of the first heat treatment is about 1280 C. and the temperature of the second heat treatment is about 750 C.
' ALFRED CYRIL CATHERALL.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB2096670X | 1934-05-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2096670A true US2096670A (en) | 1937-10-19 |
Family
ID=10898343
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US45431A Expired - Lifetime US2096670A (en) | 1934-05-01 | 1935-10-17 | Permanent magnet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2096670A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2546047A (en) * | 1948-04-13 | 1951-03-20 | Gen Electric | Sintered anisotropic alnico magnet |
-
1935
- 1935-10-17 US US45431A patent/US2096670A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2546047A (en) * | 1948-04-13 | 1951-03-20 | Gen Electric | Sintered anisotropic alnico magnet |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US1862559A (en) | Workable magnetic compositions containing principally iron and cobalt | |
| US2295082A (en) | Permanent magnet and method of making the same | |
| US4093477A (en) | Anisotropic permanent magnet alloy and a process for the production thereof | |
| US2096670A (en) | Permanent magnet | |
| GB522731A (en) | Improvements in or relating to permanent magnets and processes of treating alloys for such magnets | |
| US2196824A (en) | Permanent magnet consisting of iron, nickel, and copper | |
| US3024142A (en) | Magnetic alloys | |
| US2499860A (en) | Production of permanent magnets and alloys therefor | |
| US2307605A (en) | Magnetic material heat treatment | |
| US2694790A (en) | Sintered anisotropic permanent magnet | |
| US3166408A (en) | Magnetic alloys | |
| US1968569A (en) | Permanent magnet and method of making it | |
| US2156019A (en) | Permanent magnet steel alloy and method of making same | |
| US2247804A (en) | Permanent magnet | |
| US3301720A (en) | Treatment of material for hysteresis application | |
| US2546047A (en) | Sintered anisotropic alnico magnet | |
| US2082041A (en) | Process for producing permanent magnets | |
| US2161926A (en) | Method of manufacturing permanent magnets | |
| GB446894A (en) | Improvements in or relating to alloys for permanent magnets | |
| US2514667A (en) | Magnetic alloys | |
| US2347543A (en) | Alloy for permanent magnets | |
| US1338133A (en) | Magnet-steel | |
| US2192032A (en) | Method for improving the magnetic properties of ferrous alloys | |
| US2427018A (en) | Permanent magnet materials | |
| US2382650A (en) | Magnetic materials |