US2091365A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 31, 1937.

C. l. JUSTH ElM CARBURETOR Filed Jan. 28, 1935 i I l 1 I 1 1 l III I ////r Patented Aug. 31, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 3 Claims.

My invention relates to carburetion and has for its object to provide a new and efficient carburetor and fuel device for internal combustion engines which will completely atomize the fuel and in which the amount of fuel which is drawn through the higher speed jets is controlled by the amount of opening of the throttle valve.

A further object is to provide a fueling system which will draw fuel into the float chamber, draw fuel from the float chamber into the mixing chamber and atomize it for combustion in the engine in one system, without the use of pump, vacuum tank, or other means of drawing the 'fuel from the storage tank to the engine.

A still further object is to provide an attachment for suction devices through which fuel, air, or fuel and air, passes and is controlled by the amount of opening of the throttle valve, the fuel entering the suction device through radial ports in the attachment and controlledby said throttle valve.

A still further object is to provide. a fuel device which will produce a greater degree of carburetion, eliminating much cost, and many parts heretofore thought to be necessary.

A still further object is to provide a carburetor which aerates the fuel, after drawing it from the storage tank and which then introduces the fuel into the suction device in the most efficient manno ner to produce greater mileage, power, and emciency.

A still further object is to have full engine suction through the suction device at all times in order to more efficiently eliminate the fuel pump or vacuum supply tank.

These objects I accomplish with the device illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which similar numerals and letters of reference indicate like parts throughout the several views and as described in the specification forming a part of this application and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawing Figure 1 is a diametrical vertical section of..a

suction device float chamber and parts of my fuel system.

Figure 2 is a vertical section of a modified form of the device from that shown in Figure 1 showing the device used without the aerating of the fuel.

Figure 3 is a vertical section of a suction device having the atomizing attachment thereon controlled by .the throttle valve.

. [Figure 4. is a vertical section ofa further modiwhen it is desired to retard its action by securing the connecting pin through the slot.

Figure 8 is a section of the medial portion of the entire device with the idling and low speed jet shown into the Venturi tube.

In the drawing in Figure 1, I have shown the Venturi of the device as A designed after the pattern set out in my Patent No. 1,937,714, dated Sept. 18, 1934. This particular type of suction device consists of two opposed frusto-conical chambers a and b joined together by a curved wall 0. This particular design being best fitted for the use is the one shown, but any Venturi tube of correct design may be used with the device and make it operative.

Onto one side of the Venturi tube A I secure a float chamber B having an idling jet l leading from the fuel in the chamber up one side of the chamber to enter an annular ring 2 which ring is secured around the point of greatest suction of the Venturi. A. Ports 3 are bored through the wall of the Venturi tube A into the interior of the annular chamber 4 within the annular ring 2.

Within the float chamber B I provide the inlet pipe 1 leading from the fuel supply tank (not. shown) into the interior of the float chamber with a float F pivotally mounted in the chamber to control the flow of fuel into the float chamber through the port 8 in the end of the pipe l by the insertion of a fuel valve 9 thereinto when the float is raised. In one end of the float chamber I provide an aerator pipe it having ports ll therein below the fuel level in the float chamber, and the top end of the pipe ii) is open to the atmosphere so that air will be drawn into the chamber B through the pipe in passing down through the fuel and out through the ports it up through the fuel and thus the air will be heavily laden with fuel. Leading from the float chamber into the annular ring is a conduit l3 which carries this fuel laden air or aerated fuel into the annular ring and thence through the ports 3 into the bore of the Venturi tube where it is mixed with incoming air and drawn into the engine for fuel. A spring controlled port i i is provided in the top end of the float chamber through which air may be drawn when sufiicient suction has been directed into the float chamber to be greater than the suction required to draw.

the fuel from the supply tank at which time the valve 55 in the port M will be opened by compressing the control spring lfi of the valve and air will enter the float chamber to relieve this extra vacuum. A bafile plate 69 is mounted in the float chamber between the aerating tube 90 and the float F to prevent the aerating from disturbing the fuel inlet or the float level. Ports l8 are formed through the baifle 59 to allow for passage of fuel and fuel vapors from the end of the float chamber beyond the baflle into the area in the chamber outside the baffle and this fuel laden air is drawn through the conduit into the annular ring for fuel for the engine.

As a high speed jet to provide a controlled fuel supply to the engine when driving fast or under full load when thethrottle valve C is fully open, I provide a jet 28 so set in the float chamber that the lower open end is directed upwardly to receive a control needle valve 2! on the end of a stem 22. The top end of the stem 22 is connected to an arm 23 which arm is secured to the shaft 24 of the throttle valve C. Thus, when the throttle valve is operated the stem 22 will be operated and the needle valve 2i will open or close the port 25 in the end of the jet 243 commensurate with the amount of opening of the throttle valve. The end 26 of the jet 2% is directed into the interior of annular ring through the conduit is and the force of the foe laden air past the end of the fuel jet will draw the fuel from the end of the jet into the interior of the annular ring and into the Venturi tube through the ports 3 when sufficient suction is created by opening the throttle valve 0 and speeding up the engine. As the suction is increased by opening the throttle valve, the port 25 will be opened by the'valve 2H and more fuel will be permitted to pass through the jet into the Venturi tube.

Thus, in this device, the amount of suction and the amount of fuel are controlled commensurately.

In Figure 2, I have shown the Venturi tube similar to that shown in Figure 1 as A, and with a float chamber D, but with the fuel inlet shown through the side of the float chamber through a pipe 28 controlled by a valve 29 and a float 3! The Venturi tube A is provided with an annular ring ill surrounding the point of greatest suc tion of the Venturi tube and an idling fuel and low speed inlet port or jet 32 is bored from the bottom of the fuel in the float chamber up into the annular ring. A high speed fuel jet is formed of a pipe 33 having the bottom end formed into an upturned port 34 and with the top end of the pipe leading into the annular ring to provide fuel therefor in excess of the amount provided by the idling and low speed jet 32. The fuel from the annular ring passes through ports 35 into the suction device or Venturi tube. A tube 36 to create suction in the float chamber D is directed from the annular ring into the top of the float chamber to create suflicient suction therein to draw fuel from the main supply tank through the pipe 28 into the float chamber. This provides fuel for the float chamber without the use of a pump or vacuum tank. A spring controlled port d prevents a vacuum from being created in the float chamber.

The control for the high speed jet consists of a needle valve 37 set into the port 34 to control the opening thereof. The bottom end of the valve is set in a tubular guide 38 and the valve is attached to a stem 39 which stem extends up through the top of the float chamber and is attached to the free end of an arm 40 which arm 40 is secured onto the end of a throttle valve shaft 4i with the throttle valve 42 mounted in the top end of the Venturi tube A.

In Figure 3 I have shown a suction device or Venturi tube G having a control throttle valve 44 mounted in the end thereof to control the suction through the device and surrounding the suction device is an annular chamber 45 having an extended portion 46 on one side thereof with a port 41 through the top side thereof.

A control valve 48 is mounted in the portion 46 to control the port 41 and the stem 49 of the valve is attached to an arm 50 which in turn is attached to the throttle Valve shaft 5| so that the amount of opening of the port 41 is controlled by the amount of opening of the throttle valve.

Ports 52 are bored through the Venturi tube G into the annular chamber 45 to draw fuel or air into the Venturi tube from the annular chamber 45.

The port 41 may be open to the atmosphere as shown in the drawing or may be directly into a fuel chamber or have a pipe leading from a source of fuel, depending upon what is desired or needed for the suction device. In this particular showing, the suction device is shown with the annular ring to draw air into the interior thereof with a fuel supply port 54 shown in dotted lines but with the rest of the carburetor not shown.

In Figure 4 I have shown the Venturi tube as A2 with the float chamber as B2. The throttle valve 55 is mounted in the top end of the Venturi tube so that there will be full engine suction in the Venturi tube at all times, the throttle valve being merely to control the speed of the engine and the suction through the device for drawing more fuel thereinto. An annular ring chamber 56 is secured around the Venturi tube A2 at its point of greatest suction and ports 51 are bored through the Venturi tube to connect it with the annular chamber. Leading from the bottom of the float chamber into the annular chamber I provide a low speed and idling port which will supply suflicient fuel for the suction device for idling and for low speed engine running.

As an increased supply of fuel I connect the annular chamber with the air over the fuel in the float chamber by a conduit 58. The fuel in the float chamber is then aerated so that this air will be heavily laden with fuel to augment that drawn through the idling and low speed jet 51.

The aerator consists of a pipe 59 leading down into the fuel with the top 60 open to the atmosphere. Ports 6| lead into the fuel from the pipe to direct air into the fuel below the fuel level in the float chamber. This air in passing up through the fuel aerates it and picks up some of the fuel therewith and this is drawn into the annular ring through the conduit 58. A pipe 63 leads into the float chamber from the main fuel supply tank (not shown) and a float 64 and valve 65 control the flow of fuel from the pipe 63 into the float chamber. A spring controlled valve 66 controls the area above the fuel in the float chamber opening when suction therein becomes too great to prevent partial vacuum being created therein.

As a high speed jet for this device I provide a pipe 61 with one end turned up to form a port 68 within the fuel near the bottom of the float chamber, and with the other end of the pipe leading into the interior of the Venturi tube to direct fuel thereinto in the stream of air passing therethrough when the throttle valve is open. As a control for this jet to augment the natural suction control I provide a needle valve 69 to fit into and close the port 68 with the lower end of the valve carried in a guide H1. The stem II of the valve 69 is extended up through the top of the float chamber and attached to an arm 13 which arm is attached to the shaft 14 of the throttle valve 55. Thus, when the throttle valve is opened, the port will be opened a like amount, or an amount commensurate with the opening of the throttle valve to control the flow of fuel through the high speed jet.

In Figure 5 I have shown the end of any one of the high speed jets shown in the drawing thereabove with the needle valve shown as 80, the port as 8!, the tubular guide as 82, and the high speed fuel pipe as 83, leading up to any of the desired positions shown thereabove.

In Figure 6 I have shown a modification of this high speed jet in which the high speed fuel pipe is shown as 85 with the fuel port 86 through the upturned end thereof. A fuel control valve is shown as 81, said valve being formed spool-shaped so that it is completely closed when resting on the tapered portion 88 but so that the medial portion 89 will fully open, being of smaller diameter and when the throttle valve is opened a greater amount the tapered lower portion 90 will slowly close off some of the supply of fuel through the jet to partially shut off some of the fuel when running at extreme high speed with the throttle valve wide open, it being my opinion that this will save fuel, as the increased suction when going at high speed draws more fuel through the same size port than when traveling at lower speed and therefore if the fuel is slightly shut off the same results will be accomplished with a reduced amount of fuel. A guide 9| on the bottom end of the valve 8'! is carried in a tubular guide 92 to keep the valve in alignment with the port 86.

In Figure '7 the control arm 99 for opening the needle may be delayed in its action by a curved arc I00 so that the high speed jet will not open until the throttle valve is open to a predetermined position at which time the high speed jet will open.

In Figure 8 the Venturi tube is shown as H with parts cut away, and surrounding this is the annular ring IIJI with ports I02 connecting the Venturi and annular ring. An idling jet 103 is shown leading from the float chamber Hi4 into the Venturi tube H without leading into the annular ring as shown in the other views of the drawing.

Having thus described my invention I desire to secure by Letters Patent and claim:

1. In a device of the class described, the combination of a Venturi tube and a float chamber to supply quick fuel to the Venturi tube; an annular ring surrounding the Venturi tube with 5 ports leading into the Venturi tube; a slow speed jet leading fromthe float chamber into the annular ring; a high speed jet leading from the fuel in the float chamber into the Venturi tube above the annular ring; means to control the opening of the Venturi, means to control the opening of the high speed jet commensurate with the opening of the Venturi tube, but to partially close the jet when the Venturi tube is completely open.

2. In a device of the class described, the combination of a down draft Venturi tube and a float chamber mounted adjacent thereto; an annular ring surrounding the Venturi tube with ports leading into the Venturi tube; a slow speed jet leading from the float chamber into the annluar ring; a high speed jet leading from the fuel in the float chamber into the Venturi tube; a throttle valve to control the flow of fuel and air through the Venturi tube with the throttle valve mounted at the top end of the Venturi tube; an arm extended from the control shaft of the throttle valve having an arcuate opening near the extreme end of said arm; a fuel jet control valve mounted with one end in said arcuate opening of the arm which is attached to the throttle valve and with the other end of said valve being passed down through the float chamber into the open end of the high speed jet, said valve being adapted to control the opening of the high speed jet when the throttle valve has been opened sufliciently for the connection of the valve in the arc of the extended arm to traverse the length of the arc and then the arm to raise the valve from the opening in the end of the jet.

3. In a device of the class described, the combination of a Venturi tube and a float chamber mounted adjacent thereto; an annular ring surrounding the Venturi tube with ports leading into the Venturi tube; a port leading from the area above the fuel in the float chamber into open connection with the annular ring to draw vaporized fuel into the annular ring; a high speed jet consisting of a pipe leading from the fuel into the float chamber into the Venturi tube above the annular ring with the entrance into the pipe on the top side; means to aerate the fuel in the float chamber; means to maintain a predetermined level of the fuel in the float chamber above the level of the inlet end of the high speed jet; a throttle valve to control the flow of fuel and air through the Venturi tube with the throttle valve mounted at the top end of the tube; an arm extending from the shaft of the throttle valve, said arm having an arcuate opening therethrough near the extreme end thereof; and a fuel jet control valve having the top end secured within said arcuate opening, said valve to be actuated when the arm has been moved sufficiently for the end of the arc to engage the end of the fuel jet and with the other lower end of the fuel jet passed down through the float chamber into the open end of the pipe of the high speed jet, said valve end being formed to control said jet by allowing full opening of the entrance when the throttle is nearly open, but partially close off the opening into the jet when the throttle valve is fully open.

CLARENCE I. JUSTHEIM.

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