US2090771A - Burner - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 24, 1937 A. J. WHITCOMB 2,090,771

BURNER Filed Sept. 23, 1935 INVENTOR.

Arthur J Whiicomb ORNEY.

practice.

Patented Aug. 24, 1937 UNHTEQ STATES BURNER Arthur J. Whitcomb, Chicago, 111., assignor to Freyn Engineering Company, Chicago, lit, a

corporation of Maine Application September 23, 1935, Serial No. 41,637

8 Claims.

The present invention relates to burners.

More particularly the present invention relates to burners of the pressure type such as are used in connection with stoves used in blast furnace In such installations it is common to supply air under pressure for mixture with gas, the nozzles for delivering the air and gas being coaxially disposed one within the other. Careful inspection of certain pressure burner installations in which fumy gas was being used has disclosed the fact that most of the gas, being lighter than air, passed through the top portion of the gas nozzle. Back-firing has been more or less common, due, it is thought, to the fact that the supplies of gas and air in the combustion chamber of the stove were stratified. As a consequence, imperfect mixing of the gas and air has been had until the gas and air have reached the upper portions of the combustion chamber, resulting in delayed ignition and consequent back-firing.

The present invention relates to subject matter similar in some respects to the subject matter described and claimed in Patent No. 2,034,- 932, granted March 24, 1936, in the name of Arthur J. Whitcomb and Charles G. Bigelow, the application for which was filed March 19, 1932.

The present invention has for one of. its objects the provision of a pressure burner which will reduce the stratification above referred to.

A further object is to provide a pressure burner having means for compensating for the difference in weight between the gasand air being used whereby improved mixing of said gas and air will be had throughout the combustion chamber.

A further object is to provide improvements over pressure burners as now commonly used, which improvements are simple and cheap and readily adaptable to pressure burners already in service.

Further objects will appear as the description proceeds.

Referring to the drawing Figure l. is a vertical sectional view of a burner construction embodying the principles of the present invention; and

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along the plane indicated by the arrows 2--2 of Figure 1.

The pressure burner forming the subject matter ofv the present invention is indicated as a whole by the numeral ill. Said burner is shown in cooperative relationship with a stove II, or the like, said stove it having the inlet l2. The burner H3 includes the housing i3 fixedly supported upon the foundation I 3a. Said housing It includes a substantially cylindrical throat por tion Hi, which has communication through the casting Ma with a supply of gas. A damper I5 may be used for controlling the supply of gas to the burner, which damper it: is operable by means of the chain wheel [6 adapted to be operated by the chain ll. Cooperatively associated with the cylindrical throat portion l 4 of the housing it is the movable sleeve l8. Said movable sleeve is provided with the rack portion l9, which is adapted to be operated by a pinion 2B. Said pinion 29 is in turn operated by means of the hand wheel 2!. Said sleeve i8 is provided with bearing means adapted to slide upon the guides 22 supported by the foundation iia. By operation of the hand wheel ill the sleeve l8 may be moved into operative relationship with the stove H or may be racked back so that the inlet !2 to said stove H may be closed by a gate (not shown), as for example when the stove is on blast.

Coaxially disposed relative to the throat M of the housing It is the air conduit 23 provided with a fan (not shown) housed within the fan housing 24. Said conduit 23, fan housing 24 and associated parts may be supported in part directly from the foundation Hid, and may also be secured to the removable plate 25, which is removably secured to the rear end of the housing ll.

Secured to the inner end of. the air conduit 23 is the bafile 26, which in the preferred form of the invention will take the form of a segment of an annulus of a truncated frustum of a cone. Said bafiie 26 is located in the upper portion of the annular space between the air conduit 23 and the throat M of the housing l3. As shown, the extremities of the bafile 26 lie approximately in a horizontal plane disposed diametrically of the air conduit 23. Said baffle 26 is mounted upon the exterior of the air conduit 23 by means of a plurality of. brackets 2'l2l and is so disposed as to direct gas flowing through the upper half of the throat l i downwardly and inwardly toward the axis of the air conduit 23. To this end, the inner extremity of the bafile 28 is disposed preferably a short distance beyond the inner end of the air conduit 23. Preferably, also, the outer extremity of the annular baiiie 26 is spaced inwardly a short distance from the throat M.

The mode of operation of the above described embodiment of the present invention may be described briefly as follows. Gas will flow past the damper l 5 through the throat l4, and air will flow through the air conduit 23. Inasmuch as the gas will ordinarily be lighter than air, the tendency for the gas will be to concentrate in the upper half of the throat it, tending to deliver gas to the stove H in a somewhat distinct stratum from the air which has passed through the air conduit 23. By reason, however, of the baflle 26, the gas in the upper portion of the throat M will be deflected downwardly and inwardly toward the axis of the air stream. Moreover, a certain portion of the gas is deflected toward the bottom portion of the throat M. This gas passing 5 through the bottom portion of the throat It tends to rise into the air stream. The net eiTect is the mixing of the air and gas at the end of the air conduit 23, thereby holding the ignition point near to the end of the burner, and thereby shortening the flame and causing combustion of the air and gas at the base of the combustion chamber of the stove H. In practice, the annular flame deflector 26 has eliminated the back-firing above referred to, and has produced a smooth operating burner.

The question may arise as to why only half of an annular cone is used in the deflector 25. A complete frustum of a cone will be less advantageous than the construction illustrated, inasmuch as in the case of a complete frustum of a cone there would be considerable restriction in the gas passage, which would tend to reduce the capacity of the burner. Moreover, the portion of the frustum of the cone at the bottom of the burner would be rather unnecessary, inasmuch as the gas normally tends to rise into the air stream at the bottom of the burner.

Though a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, many modifications will occur to those skilled in the art. It is intended to cover all such modifications that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is-- 1. In a burner, in combination, a gas conduit and an air conduit coaxially disposed relative to one another, one within the other, and a deflector disposed in the annular space between said conduits for deflecting fluid in the outer of said conduits toward the axis of said conduits, said deflector comprising a member in the form of a segment of a frustum of a cone, having its forward extremity disposed a short distance beyond the end of the innermost of said conduits, the portion of greatest diameter of said deflector being disposed within and spaced from the inner periphery of the outer of said conduits.

2. In a burner, in combination, a gas conduit and an air conduit coaxially disposed relative to one another, one within the other, and a deflector disposed in the annular space between said conduits for deflecting fluid in the outer of said conduits toward the axis of said conduits, said deflector comprising a member in the form of a segment of a frustum of a cone, having its forward extremity disposed a short distance beyond the end of the innermost of said conduits.

3. In a burner, in combination, a gas conduit, an air conduit housed within said gas conduit and coaxially disposed with respect to said gas conduit, said conduits being normally disposed in generally horizontal position, and a deflector in the upper portion of the annular space between said conduits for deflecting gas in the upper portion of said gas conduit downwardly and inwardly, said deflector comprising a member in the form of a segment of a frustum of a cone, having its forward extremity disposed a short distance beyond the end of the innermost of said V conduits, the portion of greatest diameter of said deflector being disposed within and spaced from the inner periphery of the outer of said conduits.

4. In a burner, in combination, a gas conduit, an air conduit housed within said gas conduit and coaxially disposed with respect to said gas conduit, said conduits being normally disposed in generally horizontal position, and a deflector in the upper portion of the annular space between said conduits for deflecting gas in the upper portion of said gas conduit downwardly and inwardly, said deflector comprising a member in the form of a segment of a frustum of a cone, having its forward extremity disposed a short distance beyond the end of the innermost of said conduits.

5. In a burner, in combination, a housing providing a substantially cylindrical throat adapted to deliver gas, said throat being normally disposed in a generally horizontal position, a substantially cylindrical conduit disposed within said throat for carrying air, said conduit being substantially coaxially disposed with respect to said throat, and a deflector in the upper portion of the annular space between said conduit and said throat, said deflector being located at the discharge end of said conduit, said deflector comprising a member having the form of a segment of a frustum of a cone tapering inwardly in the direction of gas flow.

6. In a burner, in combination, a housing providing a substantially cylindrical throat adapted to deliver gas, said throat being normally disposed in a generally horizontal position, a substantially cylindrical conduit disposed within said throat for carrying air, said conduit being substantially coaxially disposed with respect to said throat, and a deflector in the upper portion of the annular space between said conduit and said throat, said deflector being located at the discharge end of said conduit, said deflector being mounted upon said conduit, said deflector comprising a member having a form of a segment of a frustum of a cone tapering inwardly in the direction of gas flow.

'7. In. combination, a gas conduit and an air conduit coaxially disposed relative to one another, means for delivering gas to said gas conduit, means for delivering air to said air conduit, one of said conduits being located within the other, said conduits being normally disposed in generally horizontal position, and a deflector disposed in the annular space between said conduits for deflecting fluid in the outer of said conduits toward the axis of said conduits, said deflector comprising a member in the form of a segment of a frustum of a cone, having its forward extremity disposed a short distance beyond the end of the innermost of said conduits, the portion of greatest diameter of said deflector being disposed within and spaced from the inner periphery of the outer of said conduits.

8. In combination, a gas conduit, an air conduit coaxially disposed relative thereto, means for supplying gas to said gas conduit, means for supplying air to said air conduit, one of said conduits being disposed within the other, said conduits being normally disposed in generally horizontal position, and a deflector disposed in the annular space between said conduits for deflecting fluid in the outer of said conduits toward the axis of said conduits, said deflector comprising a member in the form of a segment of a frustum of a cone having its forward extremity disposed a short distance beyond the end of the innermost of said conduits.

ARTHUR J. WHITCOMB.

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