US2077727A - Grinding machine - Google Patents

Description

April 20, 1937. VF.,A WARD GRINDING MACHINE Filed June 50,1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR flaky/c4 5 fird' ATTORN EYS April 20, 1937. WARD 2,077,727

. GRINDING MACHINE Filed June 50', 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 l 'I I H C 0 11 r w J J u 1 na/mmhwzz ATTORNEY s A ril 20, 1937.-

. F. A. WARD GRINDING MACHINE Filed June 30, 1930 5 Sheets-Shee t 5 O M Q QBQZ Q/E 5 i I Q0 Q7 INVEN TOR I flfdj/IZ/im/ I 87 2fm W ATTORN EYS' April 20, 1937. F. A. 'WARD 9 17 GRINDINQ'MACHINE Filed June 50. 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 ATTORN EYS April 20, 1937. W D 2 077,???

- GRINDING MAQHINE I Filed June 30-, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR v v fleyerl afgh ard ATTORNEY 5 45 member of a universal joint which may be finhave their axes non-parallel to the axis of the arbor is a grinding wheel L which is suitably Patented P 1937 t 4 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE" GRINDING MACHINE Frederick A. Ward, Detroit, Mich., assignor to The Gear Grinding Machine Company, Detroit, Mich a corporation of Michigan Application June 30, 1930, Serial No. 465,048

4 Claims. (Cl. 51-92) The invention relates to the art of form grindshank A but all of said axes intersect in a coming and has for its object the extension of this 'mon point which is also in the axis of the shank general method to the grinding of articles of a A. Thus as illustrated in Figure 4, D and D are different character than those heretofore OP- ball races of segmental cylindrical form, the axes 5 erated upon. of which intersect the common point E in the 5 In the p n state 01 the art nd g m axis of the shank A. It will be noted, however, chines have been devised in which a formed that the races D on one side of each of the rinding W eel, is successively presented to a prongs C never assume coincident positions with ries of surfaces in the work to be finished to a the races D' upon opposite sides of said prong,

corresp nding f m. Where these successive surand therefore it is impossible to successively place 10 faces are so arranged about a common axis of the races D and D' in operative relation to a rotation. that ey ay be b ou t to o in grinder wheel by a mere rotationabout a single i p t ns t work ay b p rf rm W t axis such as that of the shank A. It is, how- Ollt difliclllty- For instance, in thegrinding of ever, possible to arrange the axis of the shank a. gear each of the teeth may be successively A in such relation to the plane of a formed 15 ground o a predetermined form y indexing the grinder wheel that all of the races of one of the I work a d relatively p ating th same in series D or D may be brought into the same rerelation to the r ding wheel. 4 On the other lation to the grinder wheel by rotation about the hand, where t e ur a s t be gr und ar i axis of the shank A. Thus as illustrated in Figdissimilar relations this method is not applicable. ures 4, 4A and 4B, the axis D E of the races D 0 The p s t nv nt on provid s a m ans for lie in the plane of the rotation of the grinder t e grinding of articles having a e s o wheel F, so that a relative reciprocation of the a a l Of w ch ca n t b b ou t n eeihwork and the grinder wheel parallel to such axis eldellt positions y rotation b u a le axis, will cause the formed cross-sectional contour of and the invention therefore consists in the novel the wheel to trace the race D. Each of the other 25 apparatus as hereinafter s t o races D may besuccessively placed in the same In the drawings: position by a rotation of the shank A, but none Figure 1 is a P V w Of y improved of the races D can be so registered. If, how-' e; ever, the axis of the shank A should be revolved Figure 2 is n d elevation e eof around the point E into the dotted position A, 30 Figure 3 is a side v i then the race member D' will have its axis coures 4, 4 B re sp y a plan view, incident with the axis D E .of the race member side elevation and end elevation of a universal l) d will b in the same operative relation to joint member which is a specific article that may th grinder wheel F.

be ground by y improved method; In view of the geometrical relations just de- 35 Figure 5 i a cross s n through the indexscribed, it is evident that to form grind both seing mechanism; ries of races D, D, requires the rotation of the Figure 6 is a sectional side elevation of the work not only about th axis of the shank but trimming mechanism n also about a transverse axis which passes through Flgure 7 Is an (enlarged crass sectmn on line the point of intersection of the axes of all of the 40 of Figure races and that of the shank. I have therefore .Whfle my 8 means is afppucable to devised a construction of grinding machine which ig g g z gfi g fg fig g ggz fl gzg ga permits of such adjustment and which is of the following construction.

The frame of the machine G has supported thereon the reciprocating carriage H which may be driven by any suitable aultgismatitlr1 mecaaiiism n 1 formed Ion s on a coo mun (not shown). Adjacent to t car age s an 50 fig i f yEach f g i has g i upward extension I of the frame having slidably 50 opposite sides thereof segmental cylindrical races secured thereto the Vertically movable cross ad for receiving balls placed intermediate the prongs J. The head J has bearin s J r all b r K and which constitute a pivotal and substantially having-its axis extending perpendicular to the frictionless joint' therebetween. These races axis of movement of the carriage H. on this ished in this manner. This member has a shank A at one end of which is a head B having a series of spaced prongs C for inter-engaging correy I I fashioned by the operation of a trimmer as hereinafter described/ Work holder 5 Upon the carriage H is mounted a work holder M which is adapted to receive the shank A of the universal joint'member and to hold the same in member N has mounted thereon the upwardly 15 extending housing in which the work holder M is journaled concentric with the axis of the shank A. The housing 0 also contains an index mechanism by which the holder M may be rotated to predetermined positions as hereinafter described.

With the construction as thus. far described it will be understood that the axis of the work holder M and 'of the shank A engaging the same lies in a horizontal plane and that it may be adjusted in this plane from the angular position shown in full lines in Figure 1 to the position indicated in dotted lines in the same figure. The amount of such angular movement and the exact terminal positions thereof is determined by stops P and P shown as adjustable screws and thus the axis of the holder M may be set at an exactly predetermined angle to the plane of the grinding wheel in both of said positions. It will be further understood that the axis of the holder M lies in a horizontal plane in all positions of adjustment and that each of the axes of the races may be adjusted to lie in this same horizontal plane. Consequently the reciprocating movement of the table H will move the head B of the universal joint past the 40 grinding wheel with one of the race members in position to be ground by said wheel while passing the same. Through the index mechanism to be hereinafter described, the head M maybe rotatively adjusted to bring the race members suc- 45 cessively into operative relation to the grinding wheel until the entire series is ground, after which by adjusting the member N into the dotted position, all of the races D may be in a similar manner successively ground. 50

Trimming mechanism The accuracy of the work performed depends upon the exact location of the form grinding wheel in relation to the path of the work. This exact lo- 55 cation is obtained first by the setting of the wheel and arbor and second, by the forming of the wheel through operation of the trimming mechanism. This trimming mechanism Q is mounted on one end of the table H so that periodically it may be 60 carried by said table into operative relation with the grinding wheel. The essential features are first, that the trimmer in fashioning the cross sectional contour of the grinder should rotate about the exact axis of the race when in grinding position; second, that the trimming point should be an exactly predetermined radial length from this axis. The trimmer comprises a shaft Q which is journaled in bearings in a head Q with its axis horizontal and parallel to the direction 70' of movement of the carriage H. The forward end of the shaft Q' is provided with a tapering socket to receive the correspondingly tapered end of the trimmer tool Q This tool has an oil-set portion Q provided with a radial aperture receiving the 7 trimmer point holding member Q which is clamped in different positions of adjustment by the set screw Q. Thus the adjustment of the memher Q will determine the radial distance of the trimmer point from the axis of the shaft Q. To correctly position this axis of the shaft so as to 'align the same with the correct axis of the race member to be ground, there is provided adjustments for the head Q vertically and transversely. The vertical adjustment is secured by mounting the head Q on an inclined base Q to which it is adjustably clamped by headed boltsQ i engaging a longitudinal slot in said base. Adjusting screws Q are arranged at opposite ends of the base Q to engage the head Q and to move the same either upward or downward on the inclined base. During this movement the head Q is held from any transverse movement by tongue or key members Q thereon fltting the longitudinal slot in the base Q". Thus the effect of adjusting the head Q up or down the incline :is to raise or lower the axis of the shaft Q.

To adjust the axis of the shaft Q transversely the base member Q is mounted on the sub-base member Q and is provided with a tongue or key portion Q" fitting the transverse slot in said member Q Adjusting screws Q engaging the threaded bearings in upwardly extending ears Q on the sub-base Q serve to move the base Q laterally and headed clamping screws Q secure the members Q and Q in fixed relation after adjustment. Thus the axis of the shaft Q may be adjusted vertically and transversely into anexactly predetermined position and the movement of the table H will carry the trimmerto the position where the trimming point is in the vertical plane of the arbor K. In this position a rocking of the shaft Q by ahandle Q will move the trimmer point in an arc concentric with the axis of the shaft and of exactly predetermined radius, thereby fashioning th grinding wheel L to corresponding form.

Index mechanism The work holder M is a rotary member journaled in bearings in the housing 0 and provided with a socket for receiving the shank A of the work. Mounted on the member M within the housing 0 is an index disk M having notches M in the periphery thereof. These notches are engaged by a tapering detent M on a rockable dog M pivoted within the housing and a spring pressed plunger M operates to yieldably hold the detent in engagement'with the notch. Adjacent and secured to the index disk M is a ratchet wheel M provided with notches M corresponding in number to the notches M. M' is a sleeve rotatable upon the member M and extending out through the bearing in the housing 0. This sleeve has within the housing a cam portion M which is adapted to engage with a roller M on the dog M to lift the detent M out of engagement with the notch M The cam M also carries a pawl M which is engageable with one of the notches M of the ratchet wheel M and in the return rotation of the sleeve M will move said ratchet wheel and the index disk M until the detent M= engages another notch M The sleeve M is actuated by a handle M on the outside of the casing O.

Complete operation In the complete operation or the machine the work holder and trimming mechanism being first suitably adjusted, the operator first trims the grinding wheel L by moving the carriage H to until all of the raceways bring the trimmer point into the vertical plane of the axis of the arbor K. The arbor may then be adjusted downward to bring the grinding wheel L into operative relation to fashions the cross section of the wheel to the exact 'arc of the races D and D. One of the universal joints having its shankengaged with the work holder M, the carriage H is reciprocated to move the head B past the grinder wheel, thereby grinding one of the raceways in one of the prongs C. If the amount of stock to be removed in finishing this raceway is more than can be accomplished by one reciprocation of the grinder, the arbor K can first be raised and then fed downward after each reciprocation until the finish position is attained. The adjustment of the arbor is accomplished by a hand wheel R which through the medium of suitable gearing (not shown) rotates the, feed screw R. to raise or lower the head J upon the frame extension I.

After the completion of the grinding of the raceways the work is adjusted through the index mechanism operated by the handle M to bring another raceway into operative relation to the grinding wheel and these operations are repeated The operator then adjusts the work holderby swinging the member N upon the vertical pivot N to assume the position shown in dotted lines in Figures 1 and 4. It is then clamped by the clamping screw N to prevent accidental displacement and the grinding is repeated with reference to the raceways D. Thus in the finished product all of these raceways will be cylindrical segments of an exactly predetermined radius, the axes of all of which will intersect in a common point E, also lying in the axis of the shank A.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. A grinding machine comprising a frame, a grinding wheel and a table mounted on said frame in relatively reciprocating relation, a member mounted on said table to be angularly adjustable thereonv about a vertical axis at the central portion of the table, means forrlimiting the angular adjustment of said member, a work holder rotatively mounted upon said member eccentric to said vertical axis with plane parallel to the plane of said table, the angular adjustment being through an arc greater than ninety degrees (90) to present opposite portions of the work in said work holder to operative engagement with the tool, and an index mechanism cooperating with said rotary work holder,

2. A grinding machine comprising a frame,-a' grinding wheel and a table mounted on said frame in relatively reciprocating relation, a mem- 'ber mounted on said table to be angularly adjustable thereon about a vertical axis at the central portion of the table, a rotary workholder the trimmer which D have been ground.

its axis of rotation in a mounted on said member eccentric to said vertical axis with its axis of rotation in a plane parallel to the plane of 'said table, the angular adjustment being through an arc ninetydegrees (90) to present opposite portions of the work in said work holder to operative engagement with the tool, an index mechanism cooperating. with said rotary work holder, and means for limiting the angular adjustment of said member to arrange the axis of said rotary work holder at the two extremes of its adjustment at equal and opposite angles to the direc-,

tion of relative reciprocation of said grinding wheel and table. I 3.. A grinding machine comprising a frame, a carriage mounted for reciprocation thereon, a formed grinding wheel mounted on said frame with its plane of rotation parallel to the direction of reciprocation of said carriage, the cross sectional contour oi-said grinding wheel being arcuate, a member mounted on said carriage to be angularly adjustable about a vertical axis at'the central portion of the carriage, a rotary work holder mounted on said member eccentric to said vertical axis with its axis of rotation in a plane parallel to the plane of said carriage and passing through the center of the arcuate cross section of said grinding wheel, the angular adjustment being through an arc of greater than ninety degrees (90) to present opposite work in said work holder to operative engagement with the tool, and an index mechanism cooperating with said rotary work holder.

4. A grinding machine comprising a frame, a

carriage mounted for reciprocation thereon, a

formed grindingwheel-mounted on said wheel with its plane of rotation .parallel to the direction of reciprocation of said carriage, a cross sectional contour on said grinder wheel being arcuate, a member mounted on said carriage to be angularly adjustable about a vertical axis lying in the same plane of reciprocation as the center of arcuate cross section of said grinding wheel, a rotary work holder mounted upon said member with its axis of rotation intersecting said vertical axis and located in a plane parallel to the plane of move- 'ment of said carriage, the angular adjustment being through .an arc of greater than ninety degrees (90) to present opposite portions of the work in said work holder to operative engagement with the tool, index mechanism for said rotary work holder, and means for limiting the angular adjustment about said vertical axis of said member mounted on the carriage, so' that the angle of the axis of said work holder to the direction of reciprocation at one limit is equal and opposite to that at the other limit.-

FREDERICK A. WARD.

of greater than portions of the

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