US2074430A - Pump and valve assembly - Google Patents

Description

March 23, 1937. D. HJREED" 2,074,430

PUMP AND VALVE ASSEMBLY Filed Aug. 19, 1932 DEMPJON 11.12550.

INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYfi Patented Mar. 23, 1%37 STATE htiitfitt auteur di ries ll Claim.

The invention relates to an improvement in pumps particularly of the type which are to be positioned in wells for raising fluid to the sur= face.

It is one of the objects of the invention to provide an improved form of pump and valve wherein a maximum of service will be obtained and wherein there will be a minimum of wear upon the parts.

Another object of the invention is to provide, in a deep well pump, valves which are restrained from pounding by the provision of a dashpot.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved standing valve for deep well pumps wherein the shock of closing'the valve is eliminated so that the service obtainable from the valve is materially increased.

Another object of the invention is to provide traveling and standing valves for a deep well pump which valves are provided with a replaceable gasket and may thereby be renewed to extend the service obtained.

Another object of the invention is to provide, in combination with a deep well pump plunger,

' packing rings which are positioned upon a flexible base to prevent the entrance of grit and abrasives behind the rings.

Another object of the invention is to provide a combination pump plunger which has mounted thereon resilient packing rings as well as fluid pressure packing rings.

* Another object of the invention is to provide a releasable mechanism for sucker rods, so that the rods may be withdrawn from the well inde- 5 pendently of the pump plunger.

The invention will be readily understood by having reference to the drawing wherein Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a tubing equipped with the pump and showing certain parts of 40 the pump in section and certain of the parts in elevation.

Fig. 2 is the top portion of the pump shown in Fig. 1 and Figs. 2 and 1 when taken together show the complete pump assembly. 45 Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line H of Fig. 2.

Figs. 1 and 2 show the working barrel at 2. This barrel may be of any desired length in order to provide for a suitable stroke for the pump 50 plunger, which is indicated at 3. Below the working barrel 2 is a coupling 4, which supports the standing valve 5, and connected to this coupling is the supporting pipe 6, which may be in the form of a strainer which extends downwardly 55 into the well to elimte abrasives and grit from the fluid, and in some instances to support the string of tubing on the bottom of the well. The upper end of this working barrel 2 is provided with a head 8, which is in turn connected to the string of tubing Q, which extends to the surface. 5

As is usual with pumps of this type the plunger is manipulated by means of a string of sucker rods 6 l which are passed into the well through the tubing 9 and connected to the pump plunger. Reciprocation of this string of rods causes reciprol0 cation of the plunger 3 to cause a pumping action.

' On the up stroke of the plunger 3, the traveling valve i3 is in the closed position shown in Fig. 1. The closing of this valve causes a suction in the pump plunger Ml, which lifts the standing valve 5 5 to permit an inflow of fluid. On the return or downward stroke of the plunger 3, the standing valve 5 will fall by gravity, trapping the fluid in the chamber M and forcing the same past the traveling valve 83 into the working barrel 2 and 20 the tubing 9. V

The plunger 3 is of special construction and includes the body portion 20, which is beveled at 2i adjacent its base in order to direct the flow of fluid into the center passage 22 of the plunger. 25

The body may or may not be formed with a base 23, which serves as a support for the packing element assemblies 2d. The base 23 is provided with a sealing ring 25, positioned in a groove 26 in such a manner that the backing element 27 can 30 be positioned in the groove behind the sealing element 25. In this manner the sealing element is held in contact with the inside surface of the working barrel 2, but the groove is filled-with the resilient backing so that no accumulation of grit will occur and cause scoring of the working barrel. This backing element 21 also serves to prevent leakage by the ring 25 when the direction of travel is reversed at each end of the stroke of the plunger when the ring'is moving from one 40 side of the groove 26 to the other side.

The packing assemblies on the body 20 include the support rings 29 and the packing cups 30. The support rings are cut away on their outer face to provide for the cup 30 and to also provide a space 3i which may receive any fluid leaking by the adjacent rings so that the cup 30 will be caused to press against the surface of the working barrel and maintain a seal therewith.

It is to be understood that any desired number of these packing assemblies may be provided, two having been illustrated in the present case. These packing assemblies are positioned on the body 20 by sliding them over the top so that they rest on the base 23. A crown or cap 33 is protaining a seal to prevent leakage of the pump fluid from the tubing back into the plunger.

The cage 33 and valve 93 are oi special construction in that the valve includes a body M, which is cut away on its under side to receive a resilient packing ring or gasket M. This gasket surrounds a center bolt or stud 32 and is held in position by a washer t3 and a nut Ml.

Extending from the body :30 is the valve stem it, which projects upwardly through the spider or cage 33 into the cage head as. The upper end of the stem is provided with a piston G9, which is arranged to reciprocate in the chamber 5@ in the nature of a dashpot, because the chamber hill is provided with the outlets M at the top and the bottom. Inasmuch as the area above the valve 53 is occupied with pumped fluid it seems apparent that the chamber 551 will always be filled. The area of the openings 5i however, is less than that of the chamber so that any sudden movement of the piston M is prevented because excessive resistance would be developed to the escape of fluid through the opening M in a manner Well known to common forms of dashpots. This arrangement prevents the sudden opening or closing of the valve and serves to absorb the shock normally incident to the opening and closing of the traveling valves in deep well pumps.

Beyond the head 68 is the rod portion E'iii, which has connected thereto the coupling or sucker rod release device 58. This device constitutes a sleeve 59, which surrounds a plurality of segmental parts 59. These segments are shown as three in number and are arranged to completely surround the rod 55 and the lower rod i l of the sucker rod string. These two rods are each provided with.

an enlarged head 62, which heads preferably abut together as at 63.

The head 62 merges with the rod 55 by a square shoulder as which is arranged to fit within an enlarged groove in the segments til. It seems readily apparent that when the two rods are abutting end to end the segments are positioned as in,

Fig. 2, there can be no longitudinal play or movement of one rod with respect to the other. In order to hold these segments in position the sleeve 59 is provided which moves vertically and confines them by means of the keys 66. A shear pin til serves to hold the sleeve in a normal position, clamping the segments about the rod heads, and it is in this position that the apparatus is lowered into the well. The lower ends of the segments 60 are beveled at 68, so that they may pivot with respectto the rod and the beveled surface 68 moved over into a position parallel with the circumference of the rod.

After the pump has seen considerable service, and it is desired to renew any of the parts thereof, or for some other reason, it is desired to pull the rods and tubing, it is only necessary to raise the string of rods ii, beyond the normal path of travel, so that the sleeve 59 will strike the spider it, which is carried by the barrel head 8. This spider is of such diameter that it will prohibit the sleeve 59 from passing upwardly with the rods. When the sleeve strikes the spider iii the pin 61 will be sheared so that the sleeve will slide downwardly with respect to the segments til. As the sleeve slides downwardly it seems apparent that the segments will be caused to pivot so that the surface 63 moves over to a position parallel with to the lower end of the valve, so that it may be positioned below and outside of the pump chamber. This stem is indicated generally at and enters a dashpot it, which is similar to the one previously described, except that there is no entrance at the top because the sleeve ll is open and does not limit the upward movement of the valve. The upward movement of the valve, however, is limited by the guide lit in which the stem 19 is arranged to move. The dashpot it is carried by a support 80, which is shown as connected between the coupling Q and the pipe 6. The body of this valve is the same in that it has the resilient packing which has been found to render exceptional service.

The invention contemplates broadly the provision of control valves in combination with a deep well pump which will prevent pounding of the valves and in this manner materially increase theservice to be obtained.

What is claimed is:

A standing valve construction for wells comprising a pipe, a valve seat therein, a valve arranged to engage said seat, a stem extending from said valve, a guide for said stem comprising a perforated plate through which the fluid flows, a cylinder ca'rriedby said plate, a stem having a piston thereon, said stem extending below said valve, said piston being disposed in said cylinder,

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