US2072336A - Duplicating machine - Google Patents

Description

March 2, 1937. E. K. JoHANsEN DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed May 14, 1934 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 March 2, 1937.

l E. K. JoHANsEN 2,072,336

DUPLICA'r-ING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 14, 1934 March 2, 19.37. E, K, JQHANSEN 2,072,336

DUPLICATING MACHINE 5 sheets-sheet s `Filed May 14, 1954 March 2, 1937. E. K JOHANSEN 2,072,336

DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed May 14, 1934 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 March Z, 1937. E. K. JoHANsl-:N

DUPLICATING- MACHINE Filed May 14, 1934 5. sheets-sheet 5` `5 profiles of arelativelysoft pattern,

rianne Mu. 2, 1931 `vlvlilrli STATESPATENT OFFICE M nurucaz'ismcnmn A. l l

'EinarK. JohansemGhicago, Ill., assignonhy `meme assignments, to poration, Chicago, Ill.,

Clearing `Machine Gora kcorporation of Illinois Y Apputatmnumy `14, 1934, serial No. 125,460

s claims. (ci. sla-13.5)

` This invention relates to improvements in duplicatingmachines of the type in which the cutteras well as the feeding oi the work to thecutter is controlledby a traceradapted to follow the and although such soit pattern, is designed `and in turn operating against f i to control'relatively heavy pressure,

relatively heavy cutting machinery. Y

\ Still more speciilcally the invention relates to i atype ofmachinefgenerally known'anddesignated as na verticalkneecolumnmilling machine, in which' the work supporting table as well as the pattern support are `respectively advanced toward the cutter -tool and the tracer. by hydrauli. i cally operated means, the movements of the work and pattern in both a forward and `backward direction,"with respect" to the tools, being autornatically controlled bythe action of the .tracer against the pattern.

-A further object is to provide an improved, simple andrelatively inexpensive attachment or this character which may be readily applied to a milling machine of the type'referred to, and thus provide an eiilcient machine for producing or duplicating an article from an inexpensive pattern or master.

A further object is to provide improved safety mechanism whichwill operate automatically to protect the machine and parts therefrom from injury, due to carelessness or neglect of the opi erator, and improved means for controlling the advancing movement of the work and pattern carrying supports, at the will of `the operator.

To theattainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful objects as will appear, the invention consists in thefea- 'tures of novelty in substantially the construction, combination and arrangement of the several parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed and shown 1n the accompanying drawings illustrating this invention and inwhich `Figure ul isa side elevation of a machine of this character constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention.

Figure 1 is a. detail view in elevation, on an enlarged scale, of the tracer.

Figure 2 is an elevation taken from-'the left hand side of Figure 1.

- Figure 2a is an enlarged detail view of the tracer, supporting means therefor and the adjusting mechanism.

Figure 3 `is taken on line Figure 4 is a 55 4I, Figure 3,

an enlarged detail vsectional view 3-3, Figure 2.

detail sectional view taken on line AFigure 5 is an' enlarged detail sectional view `taken on line 5 5, Figure 1.

y -Figure y6 is a detail sectional view taken online Bei-0,', .Figure 5. Y f f Figure ..7 is a detail l-yl, Figure 5. i

Figure 8 is an e ged detail, vertical. sectional view, showingthe manner of converting the usual telescoping feeding knee `screw and nut into a .sliding connection.

Figure 9 is a detail vertical sectional view, on kan enlarged scale, taken on line 9--9, Figure 1.

`Referring more particularly to the drawings, the numeral l5 vdesignates a supporting base upon which is mounted the standard IB, provided `with theusual knee I1 and spindlehead or bearing I8, whichlatter is maintained in a iixed position upon the standard lli.` 'Ihe cutting tool I9 is secured tothe spindle and the latter is rotated in` any desired or suitable manner.

Mounted upon the knee I1 is the usual cross slide 20, and carried by the cross slide 20 is a work supporting table 2l, the slide and table being reciprocatedv transversely with respect to each other in the usual manner.

The numerals 22 and 23 (see particularly Figure 8) designate the usual telescoping knee screw and nut which are usually employed for raising and lowering the knee, and which passes into the knee bearing 24 for raising and lowering the -30 knee. In the present invention these elements are converted into a sliding bearing, and to that end there is provided a sleeve 25 which replaces .the ordinary knee screw nut, and is threaded upon the screw element 23. This element 25 35 telescopes into a sleeve 26 and is held against rotation with respect thereto by means of suitable fastening devices, such as pins 21, or the like. The sleeve 26 slides in the knee bearing 2las the knee is raised and lowered.

The base I5 (see particularly Figure 9) is cored out as at 28 to receive the ends of cylinders 29, two ofsuch cylinders being disclosed-in the present invention. Within each of the cylinders a piston 30 is reciprocable, and connected to each 45 of the pistons is a piston rod 3|, which projects through the top of the cy nder and is secured to an arm or bracket 32 carriedby the knee l1 so that when the piston 33 is raised, the knee I1 will be raised, and as the piston 3l) descends 50 elevation.` taken online 5 the knee I1 will also descend.

Hydraulic means are provided for raising the pistons 30, and to that end there may be provided a suitable pump 33, the inlet side of which has communication with a liquid tank or reser- 2 f 2,072,336 voir 3| by means of a pipe connection 3l. 4Leadstylus is provided for maintaining the valve meming from the outlet side -of the pump is a pipe 36 ber I5 and the stylus member against axial rota-' which is connected with a branch pipe 31 that in tion one with relation to the other.' y turn is connected with passages 38 that lead to Leading through the end member l are pas 5 the bottom of each of the cylinders 29 beneath sageways 68 having communication with the the piston I0, and leading from the top of each oi' hollow portion II of the end member, and these the cylinders above' the piston 3l is a Passage 39 passageways discharge into a cup or receptacle t communicates with a passage Il withwhich Il from which adrain pipe 1l leads. and which a pipe 4| has communicat n, and which pipe 4| drain pipe communicates with the tank or reserleads back to and discharges into the tank or voir lIl so that. if during the operation of thel l reservoir Il, preferably adjacentthe top thereoftracer or at any time any liquid should 11nd its With this part of the invention and when the way past the end of the valve It and past the Dump through the pipe'l'linto the cylinders 2l space 63,-it will flow therefrom into the receptacle l under the pistons Il to raise the latter. and any Il and be discharged back into the tank or reserliquid in the cylinders above the pistons Il will voir u, I

be discharged through the passages Il-ll and 'lhe tracer, as well as the valve member Il, are

pipe Il. back to the tank. held in their forward positions. that' is. so that The raising movement of the pistons' 3l and the passage 41 will be closed to the pressure pipe consequently the knee I1 is controlled by 5|, and the passage I3 will be open to the exhaust tracer which is adapted to follow the contours pipe I5 or in the position shown in Figure 3,

nsists v housing u having a chamber therein (see par- A md 14 is secured by one end u at 1| to the ticularly Figure 3) and in which chamber is arend of the valve It and projects through the top 80 ranged a sleeve contacting with the Wall member 'I3 l for any desired distance, and also one end of the nst the end of thel valve sages Il are also provided through the sleeve member and the other end of the springwill rest cates with the passage 5l and'this pressure pipe be provided for locking the member 16 in its ad- II is connected and has communication with the justed position. By the provision of this 40 pipe 31 as at 52, and is adapted to receive liquid 16,'it will lbe manifest that the stress of the spring *Y under pressurefrom the pump n. 'li may be varied, and thereb Within the W31! 0f the caihg 'u is other y against which the stylus or ngeris operated may an opening 54 through the sleeve 46, with an exmember 12 passes and is of a diameter considerhaust pipe 55 that leads back to and discharges ably greater than thev diameter of the tubular into the tank orv reservoir 34. A slidable valve member so as not 4to interfere with the operation member 5i, which is preferably hollow for the of the parts 50 sake of lightness, slides within the sleeve 4I and Assuming the parts to be in the position shown is provided with a circumferential recess or in Figure 3, and with' theend of the stylus 'or channel 51 opening through the periphery thereof. nger 58 out of contact with the pattern 42, the

'Ihis recess or channel 51 is adapted to be moved, valve I6 will be in the limit of its forward movehollow as at 63 and is provided with a tubular be raised until the work Il is brought into contact ,portion M through which a shank 65 constituting with the cutter I9. which will occur at substantiala part of the stylus freely passes. The diameter ly the same time that the pattern 421s brought into of the shank 65 is considerably less than the incontact with the stylus or ilnger 5l.'

ternal diameter of the tubular portion so as As soon as the stylus or linger Il is moved by as a pin 66, carried by the valve member It and i and this will establish communication between '5 extending into a slot 61 in'the head ll o! the the passages l1, Il, M and exhaust pipe 55, there. 75

the pistons n, se the piston 80 and by relieving the pressure under that the upward movement .or lknee |1 will be arrested during the cutter upon the work and the traversing ci the stylus over the vpattern 42. e `Any irregularities in thepattern will 'cause a 1 corresponding movement of the stylus 58 and consequently lthe valve 66, and this will ycontrol the extent or degree of. raising movement` of the knee. 'I'he amount of pressure exerted uponthe piston 98 will then be cqutrolled by the degree or size .of the. opening forming communication between the'passages48 and 68. 1 4 4 As the piston 80 rises, anyliquid which is in the cylinder 29 above v'the piston, will be discharged through the passage 99 (see Figure 9), passage 40, pipe4l, back to the tank or'reservoir 84. Y

The operation of the stylus or iinger 58, which in turn operates the valve 56, will control the raising and lowering movement offthe knee, :thehlowzerlng movement being effected by gravity.` y

4In order tofipreventthe building up of excess pressure bythe pump 36 beneath. the pistons I0,

diagrammatically indicated byv the reference character 8|, may be provided in the pipe 86 between the 'pump and the connection 52 of the pipe 5| with the pipe 36, and a control valve `82 may also be provided in the pipe 36.

In order to prevent undesired operation and the sucking of the liquid above the pistons 80 when the knee descends, there may be provided avent 83 in the tank or reservoir 84 above -the liquidl level.

given reciprocatory movements in the manner usual in milling machines of this character.

`The tracermechanism may be supported in any suitable manner, such as by means of an arm or bracket 84 secured to the standard I5 and i having a bearing 85 therein in which a stem 86 is mounted, and which stem is adjustable vertically by means of an adjusting wheel or member 61 that engages a, threaded portion 88 of the stem, a gage 89 being provided, i! desired, for indicating the adjustment.

The stem is provided with a laterally projecting bearing member 90 having a slide 9| (see Figures 2 and 2a) movable therein, and the slide is provided with keys o`r ways 92 to prevent rotation in the bearing. The bearing is split and is provided with a clamping member 93 so as to secure the parts in adjusted position. A screw 94 is `threaded into a seat 95 in the'bearing 90 and the screw passes through a loop or flange 96 on the slide so that when the handle 91 is operated the bearing member 9| may be adjusted transversely with respect to the stem 66. y A slide 98 is arranged transversely of the bearing member 9| and is adapted to be adjusted by means of a hand wheel or screw 99 and the slide is held in its adjusted position by `means of screws |00 passing through slots in the bearing' member and into the slide. Obviously, any other form of adjustmentot these parts may be provided. The slide 98 is-provided with a semi-circular bearing lol, which encompasses a portion of the housof the knee I1. To that end there may be pro,-

ing or casing 44 oi'` the stylus. Another semi-circular member |02 encompasses the other portion of the housing 44, and these parts are secured to'- gether by meansof fastening screws |03.

Thus it will be manifest that -a vertical adjust- .u ment oi' the tracer casing 44 may be obtained by the operation of i,

` or themas' wheels arf-sa.

a pressure regulating valve of any desiredtype, v

Obviously, vduring the operation Aof the cutter a 'upon the work, the cross slide 20 and table 2| are.

act tion of the hand wheel 81, while a transverse and longitudinal movement of the tracer casing 44 may be had through the adjustment or operationfa It sometimes happens that through carelessness or for other" reasons, it is desired to arrest the upward movement ofthe knee o! the machine at a predetermined point in its movement to prevent injury to parts oi!l the machine, 'andtherefore safety mechanism for that purpose may be employed.

A simple and emcient means for accomplish-v ing this result comprises a verticallyarranged rod or bar |04 (see particularlyFigures 1 and '2) which is 'secured to the knee I1 and is vertically adjustable with respect thereto. VArranged within the path oi movement of the end of the rod |04 and supported preferably by the arm 84 is a rack member |05, having a head |06. and which member moves in a casing |01.` The casing is pro;4 vided with an opening |08.through which a gear` wheel '|09 projects to engage the teeth o! the rack|05.

A spring ||0 is arrangedin the casing |01 and f operates upon the rack member |05, tending normally to lower the head |06 into the path of the upward movement of the end of the rod |04. The shaft of the gearwheel |09 is connected by meansofa swivel joint ||2 to a rod or member comprising telescoping sections\| |3. At the forward end of the rod H9 a section ||4 isconnected by means of a universal'joint H5, and this memlber ||4 -isjournaled in a suitable bearing ||6. On the end of the member ||4 is arranged a cam or eccentric ||1 which engages a pivotally mounted rocker member H9. The end of this rocker member ||9 is preferably bifurcated to stand astride of the rod 14 which is connected'to the valve.56 (see Figure 3), adjustable nuts or collars ||9 being secured to the end of, the rod. When the knee of the machine is in a position that the end of the rod |04 is out of contact with thehead |06 of the rack member |05, the cam ||1 will be in a position so that the rocker member ||8 will be' inactive with respect to the rod 14, and the spring ||0 will force the rackmember |05 downwardly. As soon as the end of the rod |04 engages `the head |06 of the rack member |05, a furtherraising movement of the knee will cause the rack |05 to be raised, thereby rotating the gear |09 and with it the shaft'or rod II3. This will rotate the cam member lll and 'the same will act against the rocker member H9, causing the latter to raise the rod 14 and with it the valve 56,thereby establishing communication between' the passage 41 `(Figure 3) of the trac/er valve andthe passage 53, so as to relieve the pressure of the. pump in the cylinders 29 as the liquid will iiow through the pipe- 5|, into the passage 41 and thence into the -passage 53, through the exhaust pipe 55, back to the tank. As soon as the knee is lowered sufciently `to permit the rack |05 to be lowered ,under the stress of the Spring ||0 a sufficient distance the cam ||1 will allow the valve 56 tof move to the position shown in Figure 3.

If desired a manual means may be provided for similarly controllingI the upward movement vided amember |20 (see particularly Figure 5) having a cam surface 2|,'mounted to yslide in suitable bearings and through` the casing |01 To this end of this member |20 is connected a handle ,|22 in a suitable position for the oper- K ator.'4 Mounted upon the rack member |05 is a 58.01.' the tracer is with the pattern 42, the spring 1| limit of its forward tank or/reservoir 34.

Any excess pressure will pressure controlled valve l0 reservoir 34.

escape through the back to the tank or will trol the raising movement of the knee.

As the stylus or nger 5I correspondingly raised and lowered, thelowering movement being eiected by gravity.

At the It it is desired to mest the raising movement of the knee at tracer and there automatically controlling automatically effected through the operation of the tracer upon the pattern.

' lng' from the spirit-oi' this invention.

What is claimed as new is:- 1. In a duplicating machine a slidable carriage such' uid pressure, for also actuating said valve to reduce 'such pressure.

2. In a duplicating`machine, va. work cutter mounted in ing the work and pattern respectively in conthe cutter and `vary the effective 1 transverse to mounted intermediate its ends, and a cam on one end of the lever adjacent the pattern tracer, said cam upon movement of the lever about its pivot engaging the side of the tracer shank to shift the latter to move the said valve.

4. In a duplicating machine, a tracer andy a cutter, mounted in fixed position, a support for the work and a master, means against which fluid pressure is expended to push the said support toward the cutter and. tracer and for holdtact with the cutter and tracer, means embodying a valve'variously operated by the tracer as the latter follows the prole of the pattern to fluid pressure, means, a portion of which, is arranged in the path of movement of the work to the cutter to be engaged and shifted by the Work holder to vary the effective fluid pressure, and means controllable at will and operable upon a portion of the last recited -means for also varying the effective fluid pressure.

5. In a duplicating machine, a rotatable cutter and a, tracer mounted in fixed positions, a slidable carriage for the work and a master, an hydraulic system for moving the carriage in a plane the plane of its sliding movement to bring and hold the work and master respectively in contact with the cutter and tracer, said system embodying a cylinder, a piston in the cylinder and operatively connected with the carriage, fluid pressure creating means in the system, a Valve at one end of the system, the master engaging element of the tracer operating when vibrated by following the prole of the pattern to variably open the valve to cause variable drops in the system, and means for conveying back into said system any fluid which may leak past the said valve.

6. In a duplicating machine, a tracer and a work cutter mounted in fixed positions, a support for the work and a master, means against which fluid pressure is expended to move said support towards the cutter and tracer and for holding the work and pattern respectively in contact with tracer, means embodying a valve variously operated by the tracer as the latter follows the prole of the pattern to vary the effective fluid pressure, means arranged within the path of movement of the said support in a direction toward the 'cutter for operating the valve to vary the effective fluid pressure, and manual means co-operating with the last recited means for also operating said valve at will and at any point in the path of movement of said support.

7. In a duplicating machine, a tracer and a work cutter mounted in xed positions, a support for the work and a master, means against which fluid lpressure is expended to move said support towards the cutter and tracer and for holding the work and pattern respectively in contact with the cutter and tracer, means embodying a valve variously operated by the tracer as the latter follows the profile of the pattern to vary the effective fluid pressure, means arranged within the path of movement of the said support in a direction toward the cutter for operating the valve to vary the effective fluid pressure, manual means co-operating with the last recited means for also operating said valve at will and at any point in the path of movement of said support, and an additional manual means operable at will and upon said tracer for also operating said valve. l 4

8. In a duplicating machine, a slidable carriage for the Work, a pattern support connected with the carriage, a cutter for the work, a tracer for the pattern, both said cutter and tracer mounted in xed positions, an hydraulic system embodying means for circulating a fluid medium under pressure for moving said carriage in a plane transverse to the plane of sliding movement thereof to bring the work and pattern respectively up to the cutter and tracer, means embodying a valve responsive in its operation to thel action of the tracer upon the pattern, for controlling the pressure of the fluid medium and thereby `control `the movement of the carriage under the effect of such fluid pressure, additional means operating automatically by the movement of the carriage past a predetermined point in the path of movement of the carriage under such fluid pressure for also actuating said valve to reduce said pressure, and a manually operable device co-acting with the last said means for also actuating said valve at any time in the cycle of operation of the machine.

INAR K.- JOHANSEN.

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