US2066677A - Grinding machinery - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 5, 1937. s EINSTEIN 2,066,677

GRINDING MACHINERY Filed Oct. 26, 1931 6 Shets-Sheet 1 y lhmentor Gttorncg Jan. 5, 1937. s. EINSTEIN 2,066,677

GRINDING MACHINERY Filed 0012. 26, 1931 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 1&q4

lhmcntor (Ittorncg 1937- V s. EINS TEIN ,0

I GRINDING MACHINERY 'Filed Oct 26, 1951 e Sheets-Sheet s Jan. 5, 1937. s. EINSTEIN 2,066,677

GRINDING MACHINERY Filed oct'. 26, 1951 s Sheets-Sheet 4 Z f: max? I W 4 A:

g [if Zmventor s. EINSTEIN 2,066,677

G MACHINERY GRINDIN Filed Oct. 26, 1931 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Q) s I i I k Buvcntor Gttomcg Jan. 5, 1937. s, ElNSTElN 2,066,677

GRINDING MACHINERY Filed Oct. 26, 1951 6 Sheets$heet 6 llllu J74 V m Cttorncg Patented Jan. 5, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,066,677 GRINDING MACHINERY setts Application October 26, 1931, Serial No. 571,029

36 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in machine tools and especially to improvements in grinding machinery.

An object of thisinvention is the provision of an improved grinding machine for grinding or generating the hole or bore in hollow work pieces.

Another object of the invention is the provision of an improved internal grinding machine operating on centerless principles for simultaneously grinding or finishing a plurality of work pieces.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a grinding machine for simultaneous rough and finish grinding of work pieces on a single machine, embodying an improved work supporting and rotating mechanism whereby the work may be advanced from one support to another and rotated about the same axis, a result which was extremely difficult with multiple internal grinding machines of previous constructions.

A still further object of the invention is a provision of a multiple spindle, internal grinding machine operated in accordance with well established centerless grinding principles that is automatic in nature for continuously finishing work pieces and thereby reducing idle time of the machine to the absolute minimum.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention should be readily apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating one possible embodiment of the invention and described in the following specification and it is to be understood that any modifications may be made in the exact structural details there shown and described without exceeding the spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a grinding machine embodying the improvements of this invention.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the machine illustrated in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3--3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is an elevational view of certain parts shown in Figure 1 and as seen particularly from line 4-4 thereon.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 55 of Figure 2, certain parts being shown in elevation.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary sectional view through the grinding wheel slide as seen from line 6--6 of Figure 1.

Figure 7 is an elevationalview of the control parts for the slide as seen from ure 1.

Figure 8 is a vertical sectional view through a hydraulic valve forming a detail of the slide control mechanism.

Figure 9 is a sectional view taken on line 99 of Figure 2.

Figure 10 is a sectional view taken on line Ill-l0 of Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a sectional view taken on line ||--ll of Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a sectional view taken on line l2--l 2 of Figure 3 illustrating the indexing mechanism for automatically advancing work pieces relative to the grinding throat.

Figure 13 is a top plan view of a modified machine embodying the principles of the invention.

Fi ure 14 is an elevational view of the machine shown in Figure 13 being partly in section as seen from line I l-l4 of Figure 13.

Throughout the several views of the drawings similar reference characters are employed to denote the same or similar parts.

In the past internal grinding machines have been provided for grinding or finishing the internal surface of the bore of cylindrical work pieces. These machines were of the chuck type in which the work was clamped or secured and rotated with the chuck about the axis of the shaft or spindle to which the chuck was secured. The work piece could not be removed from the chuck and later reinserted therein and rotated about the identical axis each time nor could the work be transferred from one machine to another and rotated about the identical axis. The inability to mount a work piece in a chuck with the bore of the workpiece exactly concentric to the axis of. rotation of the chuck has made impossible, in precision grinding, the rough grinding of a workpiece by a wheel of the proper grade and the subsequent repositioning of the workpiece in the same or another machine for a finish grinding operation by a second wheel of a suitable grade to provide the desired finish on the workpiece. Accurate grinding to a predetermined diameter has necessitated in the past the complete grinding of the work at the initial chucking and was done by a grinding wheel that was a compromise between the proper roughing wheel and the proper finishing wheel.

By the invention here disclosed the work is rotated on its previously finished external surface so that the said work may be shifted from machine to machine or from position to position in the same machine and. still rotate about a single line 'l--'I of Figidentical axis. By this method the work may be first rough ground at one station of a single ma-' chine, for example, and then advanced to another station for a semi-finishing or a finishing operation thereon. In this way the objections above noted have been eliminated and work pieces having a satisfactory finish produced.

A device for accomplishing this result may comprise a bed 20, having formed on its upper surface ways 2| for the work supporting and con trolling unit 22 and additional ways 23 for supporting and guiding the grinding wheel head 24. As will be noted in Figure 1 the ways 2| and 23 are at right angles to one another, whereby the work may be positioned so that the operator can readily observe the action of the grinding wheels on the work.

The work holding unit 22 consists of a lower slide 25 mounted upon the ways 2| and supporting an upper slide 26 superimposed thereon. The slide 26 in turn supports a head 21 in which is journaled a spindle 28, (see Figure 3). The spindle 28 has secured to its free end a regulating wheel 29 composed of suitable abrasive material for frictionally engaging and controlling the rotation of the work. The lower slide 25 has secured to it at its inner end a block 38, Fig. 5, from which rises a bracket 3| supporting at spaced intervals thereon work rest blades 32 and 33. The work rest blades 32 and 33 are each provided with an inclined upper surface 34 inclining in the direction of the active face of the regulating wheel 29 and forming therewith work receiving troughs. As seen in Figure 5, the work 35, herein illustrated as a hollow cylindrical bushing, simultaneously engages the surface 34 of the blades and the. adjacent surface of the regulating wheel 29. The said work pieces are held or retained in their respective positions by means of pressure rolls 36 and 31, respectively rotatably supported by arms 38 and 39, each pivoted as at 48 and 4| to a bracket 42 which is in turn pivoted at 43 to arm 44 carried by the block 30. Springs 45 and 46 are provided for respectively actuating the arms 38 and 39 toward the work pieces.

The wheel head 24 consists of a main or lower slide 47, Fig. 5, engaging with the way 23, and is provided on its upper surface with a way 48 for the supplemental or upper slide 49. This slide 49 has rising from it a vertical column 50 provided on its forward face with a dovetailed guide 5| on which are mounted a pair of heads 52 and 53, Fig. 1, each head having journaled therein a spindle for supporting the grinding wheels 54 and 55 respectively.

The grinding wheels 54 and 55 are adapted to simultaneously enter the bores in the work pieces supported by the blades 32 and 33 respectively. The heads 52 and 53 are adjustable independently relative to the column 56 by means of screws 56 and 51 respectively, Fig. 5, received in threaded bosses 58 and 59 extending respectively from the heads 52 and 53. Each adjusting screw has secured thereto a bevel gear 60, meshing with a complementary gear 6| on the end of a shaft 62, said gears being operated by hand wheels 63, Fig. 1. The grinding wheels 54 and 55 are adapted to be rotated at a high grinding rate of speed by means of a belt or like 64 extending about pulleys 65 on the ends of the grinding wheel spindles, the belt deriving its power from a pulley 66 secured to and driven by motor 61 mounted on the upper side of slide 49.

The work is adapted to be automatically fed radially into the grinding wheel through the following mechanism. The upper slide 26 has secured thereto a nut 68, Figs. 1 and 9, receiving the threaded end of an adjusting cross feed screw 69 which passes through the housing 10 secured to the bed as at H. The screw 69 has secured thereto exteriorly of the housing 10 a pilot or hand wheel I2 whereby the screw may be rotated for adjusting the slide. Interiorly of the housing 18 the screw has secured to it the slide block 73, Fig. 9, guided in the bearing 14 integral with said housing. Pitmans 15 are pivoted at one end as at 16, to the slide block 13 and at their other ends by pins 16a to lugs 11 extending from the arm 78. The arm 18 is in turn pivoted at 19 to housing 10 and carries at its lowermost end a roller received in cam groove 8| of the cam 8|a carried by the cam shaft 82. The cam shaft 82 has secured to it a worm wheel 83, Fig. 10, meshing with a worm 84 on worm shaft 85 driven through suitable transmission means 86, Fig. 1, I

from the motor or prime mover 8'! secured to the housing 18 at its lowermost surface.

From the foregoing it will be noted that rotation of the cam 8|-a will oscillate the arm 18 for effecting an axial shifting of the cross feed screw 69 and slide 26 for effecting a feed of the work toward the grinding wheel to effect a stock removal therefrom. The rotation of cam 8|a also provides for a withdrawal of the workpieces from engagement with the work rests 32 and 33 and pressure rolls 36 and 31 to make possible the movement of the workpieces from one grinding position to the next. The movement of the regulating wheel 29 to withdraw the workpieces from the work rests and pressure rolls renders the yielding holding means, that is, the pressure rolls, inoperative while the workpieces are moved from one grinding position to the next.

As will be noted from the drawings two workpieces will be operated upon simultaneously, one having a roughing cut performed while the other is having the internal bore thereof finish ground. The work pieces are advanced from the roughing to the finishing station automatically and an unground workpiece automatically brought to the rough grinding position. The mechanism for accomplishing this result comprises a magazine 88, Fig. 5, in which are loaded the workpieces or to which they may be fed by a hopper and are retained therein by means of a spring pressed trigger 89 pivoted as at 98 to the regulating wheel head 21. An arm 9| pivoted at 92 cooperates with the trigger 89 and holds the work pieces in the magazine during the discharge of the lowermost work piece from the magazine. plished through a pin 93 carried by-the arm 9| engaging with the tail 93a of the trigger 89. For this purpose the arm 9| has an arcuate seat 9|a for engagement with the second lowermost work piece. The operation of these parts is as follows: The trigger 89 is actuated in a clockwise direction to withdraw the lug 89a .of the trigger 89 from the lowermost work piece and allow same to drop from the magazine. This movement of the trigger 89 carries with it the tail 93a which pushes on the pin 93 extending from arm 9| and actuates it in a counter-clockwise direction to shift the arcuate seat 9|a into holding engagement with the second lowermost work piece.

The trigger 89 terminates in a long curved finger 94 adapted to be engaged by the carrying arms 95 of work carrying frame or drum indicated generally in Figure 5 by the numeral 96. As seen in Figure 3 the frame or drum 96 comprises'end plates 91 and 98 joined together by suitable con- This is accom: i

.rack bar I20.

2,066,677 necting pins 99. The plate 98 is provided with.

an enlarged bore I00 surrounding and spaced from the regulating wheel spindle 28 and lying to the rear of the back face of the said regulating wheel 29 when seen from the front of the machine. The plate 91 is on the forward side of the regulating wheel 29 and has extending from it a sleeve IIII which passes through the cover I02 of the head 21. The sleeve IOI has secured to its forward end a ratchet I03 being held against relative movement as by the key I04. The sleeve IOI in addition is journaled in a bearing I05 of an adjustable supporting plate bracket I06 to whichis secured a cover I01 enclosing the ratchet I03. The bracket or plate I06 is held in adjusted position by means of bolts I06 which extend through elongated perforations I09 in the forward end of the head 21. The plate sleeve IOI has loosely journaled therein a shaft IIO to the end of which is secured the arm III, Figs. 3 and 12, bearing spring pressed pawl II2 for engagement with the teeth of ratchet I03. One end of a link H4 is pivoted at one end to'the arm III and has its other end adjustably pivoted at II5 to a plate II6 secured to the end of a stub shaft III. The stub II! is rotatably journaled in the bracket I06 near its lowermost end. The plate I I6 is provided on its circumferential surface with gear teeth II8 meshing with rack teeth II9 of This bar I20 extends longitudinally on the front face of the machine and is guided at its rear end in a bearing I2I, Fig. 11, integral with the housing 10. The terminus of the bar I20 is within the housing I0 and carrier a roller I22 received in a cam slot I23 formed in the face of the cam I24 which is secured byany desirable means to the cam shaft 02.

From the foregoing it will be noted that the work carying frame or drum 96 is actuated in timed relation to the in and out movement of the slides 25 and 26. This is accomplished by mounting the cams BI and I24 on the same shaft so that they are rotated in unison and kept in timed relation. The cam I24 in rotating with the 'shifted, rotating the work carrying drum in a counter clockwise direction. This causes the fingers 95 to successively engage with the finger 94 of the trigger 89 for relieving the pressure against the lowermost work piece in the magazine and permitting it to drop into position for conveyance to the roughing station for the first operation thereon. At this time the workpiece previously roughed is carried down to the finishing station from which the previous workpiece has been discharged. It should be noted that this loading and ejecting of the workpiece takes place when the slides 25 and 26 are in their fully retracted position.

In order that the slides may be manually adjusted for setting up purposes and thelike, the rack bar' I20 is so mounted or constructed as to have the rack teeth Il9 thereof disengaged from the rack teeth H8 of the disc I I6 during this adjustment. A readily releasable support is provided which may comprise, as seen in Figure 4, an arm I25 pivoted at I26 to the adjustable plate or bracket I06. The arm I25 is so mounted that the weight of the rack bar I20 tends to oscillate it about its pivot in a clockwise position as seen in Figure 4, but this tendency is restrained by means of the pin I2 'I extending from a latch I28 pivoted at I29 to the plate I06. A spring I30 having opposite ends secured to the latch I26 and the plate I06, effectively holds the latch and arm I25 in position tomaintain proper driving engagement between the rack bar teeth II9 and the disc teeth II8. In order to break this driving connection it is merely necessary to exert a force on the finger piece I3I of the latch I28 to overcome the resistance of spring I30, whereupon the bar I20 drops by gravity breaking the connection with the plate H6.

The grinding wheels are axially reciprocated during the grinding operation in order to break up grinding lines on the work and provide the most desirable finish thereon. This reciprocation of the wheels is accomplished by the reciprocation of slides 41 and 49 together with the parts carried thereby by hydraulic pressure acting on opposite sides of a pistonI32 contained within the cylinder I33. The piston I32 has extending from it the piston rod I34 connected to the lower end of the arm or bracket I35 secured to the under surface of the lower slide 41. The said bracket I35 extends through a suitable opening in the upper surface of the bed 20 to the interior thereof where there is mounted the block or bracket I36 containing the cylinder I33. The block or bracket I36 further has pressed into it, beneath the cylinder I33, a bushing I31 forming a sleeve for the spool valve I38 acting as a reversing valve for controlling the direction of flow of the hydraulic pressure. As seen in Figure 6 the hydraulic pressure is conveyed to the valve by means of conduit I39 and is directed to'the port I40 connected with channel I4I terminating at the right hand end of the cylinder I33 as seen in Figure 6. This causes the pressure to actuate the piston I32 to the left as seen in said figure discharging the hydraulic medium ahead of the piston through the channel I42 to the port I43 where it enters the valve bushing I31 and is directed by the valve I36 to the exhaust conduit I44. In response to this movement of the piston I33 the slides 41 and 49 are actuated to the left therewith until the valve I38 is reversed or shifted to its extreme right hand position which is opposite tothat illustrated in Figure. 6. This is accomplished through a reversing lever I45 secured to a shaft ,I46, journaled in the walls of bed 20 and carrying on its inner end a valve shifter arm I 47, the end of which is positioned between collars I40 at the end of the piston rod I49 for the valve I 36.

The lever I45 has extending from it intermediate its end a pin I50 adapted to be normally engaged by adjustable dogs I5I and I52 which normally determine the limits of the reciprocatory stroke of the grinding wheels through the work. After the valve 38 has been shifted for reversing the flow of .fluid the said flow will be from the conduit I39, port I43, and channel I42, to the left hand'end of the cylinder I33, for actuating the piston I32 therein to the right as seen in Figure 6 and exhausting the hydraulic medium therein through the channel I4I, port I40, valve chamber I3I and branch exhaust conduit I53.

The normal reciprocation of the grinding wheels which takes place during the actual grinding operation does not completely withdraw the said wheels from bore of the work so that additional movement must be given the wheels at the time the workpieces are shifted from one station to the next. For this reason the reversing dog I52 is pivotally mounted at I54 on the slidable core I55 of a solenoid I56 which is adjustably carried by the lower slide 41. The solenoid I56 is included in a normally interrupted electrical circuit whereby the dog I52 lies in a position to engage the reversing pin I and the said dog I52 is held against movement about its pivot in one direction by a stop I51 extending from the core I55. The circuit of the solenoid I56 is completed at the time that the cross feed mechanism is procuring retraction of the cross feed movement, said solenoid being energized by the closing of a switch I58, Fig. 10, in the circuit through the cam I59 depressing the movable switch member I60. The energization of the solenoid I56 retracts the dog I52 from alinement with the pin I50 so that the slides 41 and 49 continue on past their normal reversing point retracting the grinding wheels completely from bore of the work, and shifting of the work from one station to the other thus takes place without interfering with said grinding wheels. The mechanism is so timed that the slides continue in a retracting direction and carry with them a cam I6I, Fig. 7, which engages through its inclined face I62 a depressible valve actuator I63 for closing a needle valve I64, Fig. 8, in the feed line through which the hydraulic medium flows. This needle valve is normally open a definite amount to determine the rate of the hydraulic medium and the normal rate of reciprocation of the slides. The closing or partial closing of this valve I64 reduces the flow of the hydraulic pressure or medium and thereby slows up the rate of movement of the slides. The slow movement continues until the reversing lever pin I50 is engaged by the dog I65 which is also carried by the slide 41 whereupon the reversing of valve takes place. The return movement of slide 41 is at first a slow one until the cam face I62 rides off the valve actuator I63 whereupon the previously compressed spring I66 expands and returns the valve I64 to its normal proper operating position. At this time the work pieces have been properly positioned so that the grinding wheels now enter the bores therein and the grinding operation is resumed.

During the operation of the machine, the member 42 is held against movement and the feeding action between the grinding wheel and the work piece is procured by an advancing movement of the regulating wheel 29 toward the left, Fig. 1, which urges the work pieces against the grinding wheels. With the machine in the position of Fig. 5, the grinding operation on the work pieces continues with the grinding wheels 54 and cutting deeper and deeper into the work piece as a result of the forward movement of the wheel 29 until the latter is advanced to a predetermined point as determined by' the cam 8| on the rotating shaft 82. As the regulating wheel reaches its forward position, the cam I59 which rotates with the cam 8| operates the switch I58, thereby withdrawing the grinding wheels 54 and 55 toward the rear of the machine for positioning said wheels in spaced axial relation to the bores of the work pieces. During the axial separation of the grinding wheels, the regulating wheel 29 is withdrawn to the right by the cam BI to separate said wheel from the work supports 32 and 33 and from the pressure wheels 36 and 31, this retracting movement being suflicient to permit the upper work piece 35 to move-downwardly between the support 32 and the regulating wheel. As the grinding wheel reaches its retracted position, the cam I24 on the shaft 82 procures, through the pawl H2 and the ratchet wheel I03, a counterclockwise movement of the carrier 96, thereby shifting the upper work piece 35 downwardly into a position for engagement with the grinding wheel 55 during a subsequent advance of the regulating wheel and releasing the lowermost work piece from the magazine 88 and positioning said work piece for engagement with the upper grinding wheel 54. After the counterclockwise advance of the carrier 96, the regulating wheel 29 is again advanced by the cam 8I bringing the spaced work pieces into engagement with the supports 33 and 34 and the pressure wheels 36 and 31 for centerless rotation of the work pieces during the subsequent grinding operation. During the advance of the work pieces from one grinding station to the next, the carriage 49 carrying the grinding wheels moves slowly toward the rear of the machine, the direction of movement being reversed by the dog I so that when the work pieces are in the position of Fig. 5, during the advance of the regulating wheel 29, the grinding wheels 54 and 55 are returned axially toward the work pieces for entry within the bores thereof. The grinding operation is then repeated as above outlined.

The modification shown in Figures 13 and 14 embodies the same principles as above'described and includes a bed I61 of a substantial T-shape. The arm of the bed has formed on its upper surface, and extending from opposite ends toward the center thereof, guides I68 and I69 on which are respectively mounted wheel heads I10 and HI. As above, the wheel heads consist of a pair of slides I12 and I13, the former being guided by the guide ways I68 and I69, the latter being guided on additional ways I14 formed on the slide I12. The upper slide I13 is provided with a threaded portion I14 receiving'the screw I16 rotatably journaled in block I11 extending upward from the slide I12. Secured to the screw of I16 whereby it may be operated is a hand wheel. I18. The upper slide I15 supports a motor I19 geared or belted as by means of belt I to a pulley I8I on the end of a grinding wheel spindle I82 journaled in bearing box I83. The motor I19 is rotated at a high rate of speed for properly rotating the spindle I82 and small internal grinding wheel I84 secured thereto.

The stem or bed extension I85 is provided with a guide way I86 for guiding the work driving and controlling head I81. The head I 81 has journaled in the bearing I88 a spindle to which is secured a pair of regulating wheels I89 and I90. The wheel head I81 is secured to or formed integral with a slide I9I superimposed on a lower or second slide I92 that engages with the guide I86. Clamps I93 and I94 may be provided for connecting the slides to one another for movement as a unit relative to the bed and for securing the lower slide to the bed for independent actuation of the slides. The lower slide I92 carries at its foremost end a, work rest I95 having a pair of supporting surfaces I96 and I91 spaced from one another by a center upstanding lug I98 which limits the movement of the work pieces I99 and 200 toward one another.

The slides are independently and jointly adjusted by means of a screw 20I threaded into a nut 202 carried by the rear portion of the upper slide I9I in a manner similar to the mounting of nut 60 as shown in Figure 9. The screw is journaled in a box 203 carried by the bed exten- 75 sion I85 in a manner similar to the mounting of the adjusting screw 69 in box or housing 19. The same mechanism is inclosed within the box or housing 203 as above described in connection with the box' or housing I9 so that the screw 20 I is axially shifted to effect a relative feed between the grinding wheels I84 and the work toeifect the proper stock removal therefrom.

The slides I12 and I13 are reciprocatedrelative tothe bed I61 and the ways I68 and IE9 by the hydraulic means illustrated in connection with Figures 1 to 12 inclusive, the corresponding parts being indicated with prime characters in Figures 13 and 14.

The operation of the modified disclosure is as follows: A Work piece is placed on the work supporting surface I96 and the machine started in operation which consists in'axially shifting the head "I from the position shown in Figure 13 to insert the wheel within the bore in the work piece I99. The work head I81 is then actuated toward the front of the machine to feed the work piece and grinding wheel into one another, the grinding wheel reciprocating continuously while in contact with the work. As soon as the work head has been shifted the full amount as determined by the cam within the housing 293, it is retracted to separate the wheel and the .work. Simultaneously the stroke of'the grinding wheel is extended through the retraction of the normal stroke limiting dog whereupon the grinding wheel of the wheel head II passes completely out of the work.

The work piece I99 is now placed in the position of the work piece 200 and a new unfinished work piece placed onthe supporting surface I96 whereupon both wheel heads I10 and III are actuated towards one another. Atthis time the wheel head III is roughing, in the same manner as above described, the new work piece 'on the supporting face I96 while the grinding wheel of the head H9 is finishing the previously roughed work piece.

prising a bed, a plurality of work supports onv the bed for peripheral engagement with work pieces, a rotary drive wheel frictionally' engagingv the peripheries of the work pieces for effecting their rotation, a plurality of pressure members adjacent said work supports for holding the work pieces against the drive wheel, and a grinding wheel for each work support carried by the bed and reciprocable relative to the work pieces.

2. An internal grinding machine for grinding the bore of hollow cylindrical work pieces commeans for efiecting a relative feeding movement.

between the grinding wheels and the work pieces on the work supports to reduce the work pieces correspondingly. I

work pieces in the work receiving troughs and 3. In a grinding machine, the combination of a. plurality of work supports, an opposed regulating wheel forming, with the work supports, work receiving troughs at points peripherally spaced along the regulating wheel surface, a plurality of grinding wheels corresponding in spacing to the work supports for grinding the internal bore of work pieces on the work supports simultaneously, and means for holding the against the regulating wheels.

4. In an internal grinding machine the combination of a bed, grinding wheels carried thereby, a slide carried thereby and translatable relative thereto, a bracket on the slide, a plurality of work rests on the bracket, a regulating wheel opposed to the work rests and forming work receiving troughs thereby, means mounting the regulating wheel on the slide, pressure means for urging work pieces on each of said work rests into engagement with the regulating wheel, and means'for actuating the slide and parts sup-- ported thereby toward the grinding wheels for effecting a stock removal from the work.

5. In an automatic internal grinding machine the combination of a bed, a rotatable friction drive wheel carried by the bed for movement relative thereto, a hopper, a work carrier, a plurality of work supports peripherally spaced about the friction drive wheel and defining spaced grinding stations, and means carried by the hopper and carrier cooperating with one another to re lease workpieces from the hopper and advance same to the several grinding stations.

6. In an automatic internal grinding machine the combination of a bed, a rotatable friction drive wheel carried-by the bed for movement relative thereto, a hopp'ena work carrier, a plurality of work supports peripherally spaced about the friction drive wheel and defining spaced and carrier cooperating with one another to release workpieces from the hopper and advance same to the-several grinding stations, means for intermittently actuating the workcarrier, and

means for holding the workpieces in frictional engagement with the friction drive wheel.

, 7. In an automatic internal grinding machine 'thecombination of a bed, a rotatable friction drive wheel carried by the bed for movement relative thereto, a hopper, a work carrier, a plurality of work supports peripherally spaced about the friction drive wheel and defining spaced grinding stations, means carried by the hopper and carrier cooperating with one another to reiease workpieces from the hopper and advance same to the several grinding stations, means for intermittently actuating the work carrier, means for holding the workpiece in frictional engagement with the friction drive wheel, a grinding wheel foreach grinding station, means for reciprocating the grinding wheels within .the bore slide, a second slide superimposed on the main 70 slide, a column rising from the second slide, a plurality of wheel heads on the column, means for adjusting the wheel heads relative to the column, means for adjusting the slides relative to one another, and means coupled with the main 5- grinding stations, means carriedby. the hopper slide for effecting the reciprocation thereof and parts carried thereby.

9. A wheel head for internal grinding machines comprising a slide, a bed supporting the slide, a second slide superimposed on the main slide, a column rising from the second slide, a plurality of wheel heads on the column, means for adjusting the wheel heads relative to the column, means for adjusting the slides relative to one another, means coupled with the main slide for effecting reciprocation thereof and parts carried thereby, said means comprising a piston, a piston rod connected to the slide, an hydraulic pressure source for axially actuating the piston, a valve operable to control the direction of flow of the hydraulic medium and consequently the direction of reciprocation of the slide, and dog means for determining the length of stroke of the piston.

10. A wheel head for internal grinding machines comprising a slide, a bed supporting the slide, a second slide superimposed on the main slide, a column rising from the second slide, a plurality of wheel heads on the column, means for adjusting the wheel heads relative to the column, means for adjusting the slides for effecting reciprocation thereof and parts carried thereby, said means comprising a piston, a piston rod connected to the slide, an hydraulic pressure source for axially actuating the piston, a valve operable to control the direction of flow of the hydraulic medium and consequently the direction of reciprocation of the slide, dog means for determining the length of stroke of the piston, and means for rendering the dog means inoperative to eifect an extended stroke of the slide and parts carried thereby.

11. An internal grinding machine for roughing and finishing work pieces comprising a regulating wheel, a slide supporting said wheel, a bracket on the slide having a plurality of work rest blades secured thereto and cooperating with the regulating wheel for forming work receiving troughs defining spaced grinding stations, a second slide on the bed and shiftable transversely thereof, a grinding wheel for each work support carried by the second slide, means for actuating the first slide to effect a relative feed between the regulating and grinding wheels, and means for advancing work pieces from station to station at the conclusion of each grinding operation.

12. An internal grinding machine for roughing and finishing work pieces comprising a regulating wheel, a slide supporting said wheel, a bracket on the slide having a plurality of work rest blades secured thereto and cooperating with the regulating wheel for forming work receiving troughs defining spaced grinding stations, a second slide on the bed and shiftable transversely thereof, a grinding wheel for each work support carried by the second slide, means for actuating the first slide to efiect a relative feed between the regulating and grinding wheels, means for advancing work pieces from station to station at the conclusion of each grinding operation, said means for feeding the work and wheel toward one another and for advancing the work from station to station comprising a cam shaft, and a pair of cams on the cam shaft each having operative connections respectively with the work advancing means and the feeding means.

13. An internal grinding machine for grinding the bore of hollow cylindrical work pieces comprising a bed, a plurality of spaced work supports on the bed for peripheral engagement with work pieces, a rotary drive wheel frictionally engaging the peripheries of the work pieces for effecting their rotation, a plurality of spaced grinding wheels carried by the bed and reciprocable relative to the work pieces, means to withdraw said grinding wheels from operative relation to the work, and means for procuring advancement of the work pieces from one work support to the next while said grinding wheels are in inoperative position.

14. An internal grinding machine for grinding the bore of hollow cylindrical work pieces comprising a bed, a plurality of spaced work supports on the bed for peripheral engagement with work pieces, a rotary drive wheel frictionally engaging the peripheries of the Work pieces for effecting their rotation, a plurality of spaced grinding wheels carried by the bed and reciprocable relative to the work pieces, means for effecting a radial feeding movement between the grinding wheels and the work pieces to reduce said work pieces, means to procure withdrawal of said grinding wheels relative to the work pieces to inoperative position, and means to advance the work pieces to the successive work supports while said grinding wheels are in inoperative position.

15. An internal grinding machine for grinding the bore of hollow work pieces comprising a bed, a plurality of spaced work supports on the bed for peripheral engagement with work pieces, a rotary drive wheel frictionally engaging the peripheries of the work pieces on said work supports for effecting a rotation of said work pieces, a plurality of spaced grinding wheels carried by the bed, means for withdrawing said grinding wheels from operative relation to the work pieces, and means for advancing the work pieces from one work support to the next while said grinding wheels are in inoperative position.

16. An internal grinding machine for grinding the bore of hollow work pieces comprising a bed, a plurality of spaced work supports on the bed for peripheral engagement with work pieces, a rotary drive wheel frictionally engaging the peripheries of the work pieces on the work supports for effecting a rotation of said work pieces, a plurality of spaced grinding wheels carried by the bed, means for effecting a radial feeding movement between the grinding wheels and the work pieces for grinding the latter, means to procure withdrawal of said grinding wheels relative to the work pieces to inoperative position, and means to advance the work pieces to the successive work supports while said grinding wheels are in inoperative position.

1'7. An internal grinding machine for grinding the bore of hollow cylindrical work pieces comprising a bed, a plurality of spaced work supports on the bed for peripheral engagement with work-pieces, a rotary drive wheel frictionally engaging the peripheries of the work pieces for effecting their rotation, a plurality of spaced grinding wheels carried by the bed and reciprocable relative to the work pieces, means to withdraw said grinding wheels from operative relation to the work, and means for procuring advancement of the work pieces from one Work support to the next while said grinding wheels are in inoperative position, and for simultaneously placing an unground work piece on the first work support.

18. In a grinding machine, the combination of a plurality of work supporting members, an opposed regulating wheel forming, with the work supporting members, work receiving troughs at ing wheel, and a work carrier for advancing the work pieces from one support to the next.

19. An internal grinding machine comprising a bed, a plurality of spaced work supports on the bed for peripheral engagement with work pieces, arotary drive wheel frictionally engaging the peripheries of the work pieces on the work supports for effecting the rotation of said work pieces, a plurality of spaced grinding wheels carried by the bed, means for effecting a radial feeding movement between the grinding wheels and the work pieces for grinding said work pieces, means operating in timed relation to the feeding means for procuring separation between said grinding wheels and the work pieces, and means for advancing the work pieces to the successive work supports while said grinding wheels are in inoperative position.

20. An internal grinding machine comprising a bed, a plurality of spaced work supports on the bed for peripheral engagement with work pieces, a rotary drive wheel frictionally engaging the peripheries of the work pieces on the work supports for effecting the rotation of said work pieces, a plurality of spaced grinding wheels carried by the bed, means for eflecting a radial feeding movement between the grinding wheels and the work pieces for grinding said work pieces,

and a work carrier actuated in timed relation to the feeding means for advancing the work pieces from one work support to the next.

21. An internal grinding machine comprising a bed, a plurality of spaced work supports on the bed for peripheral engagement with work pieces, a rotary drive wheel frictionally engaging the peripheries of the work pieces on the work supports for efiecting the rotation of said work pieces, a plurality of spaced grinding wheels carried by the bed, means for efiecting a radial feeding movement between the grinding wheels and the work pieces and a subsequent retraction of the feeding movement, means to procure axial separation between the grinding wheels and the work pieces, and a work carrier for advancing the work pieces from one work support to the next while said grinding wheels are axially withdrawn from the work pieces, said carrier being actuated in timed relation to the radial feeding means.

22. An internal grinding machine for grinding bores of hollow cylindrical workpieces, comprising a base, a plurality of work supports on the base for peripheral engagement with workpieces, a rotary drive wheel frictionally engaging the peripheries of the workpieces on the several supports for rotation thereof, means for holding the workpieces against said work supports and drive wheel, and a grinding wheel for each support carried by the base.

23. An internal grinding machine for grinding the bores of hollow cylindrical workpieces, comprising a base, a plurality of work supports on the base for peripheral engagement with workpieces, a rotary drive wheel frictionally engaging the peripheries of the workpieces for a rotation thereof, and a grinding wheel for each work support carried by the base and movable relative to said Work supports.

24. An internal grinding machine for grinding the bores of hollow cylindrical workpieces, comprising a base, a plurality of work supports on the base for peripheral engagement with workpieces, a rotary drive wheel frictionally engaging the peripheries of the workpiecesfor a rotation thereof, a grinding wheel for each Work support carried by the base and movable rela tive to said work supports for withdrawing the wheels from the bores of the workpieces, and

means for advancing the workpieces from one work support to the next.

25. An internal grinding machine comprising a base, a plurality of centerless work supporting structures on said base, each of said structures having a plurality of supporting members engageable with the periphery of a workpiece, a grinding wheel for eachof said structures carried by the base and movable relative to the structures, and a carrier for advancing workpieces from one supporting structure to the next.

26. An internal grinding machine comprising a base, a plurality of centerless work supporting structures on said base, each of said structures having a plurality of supporting members engageable with the periphery of a workpiece in said structure, one of said members being common to all said structures, a grinding wheel for each of said structures carried by the base and movable relative to the structures, and a carrier for advancing workpieces from one supporting structure to the next.

27. An internal grinding machine comprising a base, a rotary drive wheel on said base, a magazine, a plurality of work supports peripherally spaced about the rotary drive wheel and defining spaced grinding stations, a grinding wheel for each grinding station, a work carrier for advancing workpieces from one station to the next, and cooperating means on the magazine and carrier for releasing workpieces from said magazine.

28. An internal grinding machine comprising a base, a rotary drive wheel on said base, a magazine, a plurality of work supports peripherally spaced about the rotary drive wheel and defining spaced grinding stations, a grinding wheel for each grinding station, a work carrier for advancing workpieces from one station to the next, cooperating means on the magazine and carrier for releasing workpieces from said magazine, and means for intermittently actuating the carrier.

29. In a grinding machine, a base, a plurailty of centerless work-supporting structures on said base, each of said structures comprising a plurality of supporting members engageable with the periphery of a workpiece, a grinding wheel on said base for each of said structures, said wheels corresponding substantially in spacing to the spacing of the supporting structures, and a carrier for advancing workpieces from one structure to the next.

30. In a grinding machine, a base, a plurality of centerless work-supporting structures on said base, each of said structures comprising a pluraldefining spaced grinding stations, a plurality of 7s grinding wheels corresponding in spacing substantially to the spacing of the work supports, a slide, and means for actuating said slide 'for a relative axial movement between the grinding wheels and workpieces on said work supports, and a second slide for procuring a transverse movement between said wheels and workpieces.

32. An internal grinding machine comprising a base, a plurality of centerless work-supporting structures on said base, each of said supporting structures comprising a plurality of work-supporting members engageable with the periphery of a workpiece, one of said members being positively rotated for a rotation of the workpieces, a plurality of spaced grinding wheels carried by the base, means for withdrawing said grinding wheels from operative relation to the workpieces in the work-supporting structures, and means for advancing the workpieces from one supporting structure to the next while said grinding wheels are in inoperative position.

33. An internal grinding machine for grinding the bore of hollow cylindrical workpieces comprising a bed, a plurality of spaced work supports on the bed for peripheral engagement with workpieces, a rotary drive wheel frictionally engaging the peripheries of the workpieces for eifecting their rotation, a plurality of spaced grinding wheels carried by the bed and movable relative to the workpieces, means for effecting a radial feeding movement between the grinding wheels and the workpieces to reduce said workpieces.

34. An internal grinding machine comprising a base, a plurality of centerless work-supporting structures on said base, each of said supporting structures comprising a plurality of work-supporting members engageable with the periphery of a work-piece, one of said members being positively rotated for-a rotation of the workpieces, a plurality of spaced grinding wheels carried by the base, means for effecting a radial feeding movement between the grinding wheels and the workpieces in the supporting structures, means for withdrawing said grinding wheels from operative relation to the workpieces in the work-supporting structures, and means for advancing the workpieces from one supporting structure to the next while said grinding wheels are in inoperative position.

35. In an internal grinding machine, a plurality of spaced grinding wheels, means for supporting and rotating an annular workpiece during a grinding operation on the bore thereof by each of said wheels successively, said means including a regulating wheel and at least one work rest, said regulating wheel and work rest being engageable with the periphery of the workpiece, means operative at the end of each grinding operation for procuring a relative axial withdrawal movement between the operative grinding wheel and the workpiece engaged thereby for removing the wheel from the bore of the workpiece, and means for advancing said workpiece relative to said grinding wheels between successive grinding operations and while the previously operative grinding wheel is withdrawn from the bore of the workpiece, said advancing means positioning said workpiece in a position for engagement by the succeeding grinding wheel.

36. In an internal grinding machine, a plurality of spaced grinding wheels, means for supporting and rotating an annular workpiece during a grinding operation on the bore thereof by each of said wheels successively, said means including a regulating wheel and at least one work rest, said regulating wheel and work rest being engageable with the periphery of the workpiece, means operative at the end of each grinding operation for procuring a relative axial withdrawal movement between the operative grinding wheel and the workpiece engaged thereby for removing the wheel from the bore of the workpiece, and means for advancing said workpiece relative to said grinding wheels between successive grinding operations and while the previously operative grinding wheel is withdrawn from the bore of the work. piece, said advancing means positioning said workpiece in a position for engagement by the succeeding grinding wheel, said advancing means also placing an unground workpiece in position for engagement by the previously operative grinding wheel during the successive grinding operation.

SOL EINSTEIN.

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