US2063697A - Fuel burner - Google Patents

Description

' F. V. RISINGER FUEL BURNER YFiled oct.` 3, 1950 Sheets-Sheet l 4De:. 8, 1936. F.y v. RISINGER 7 2,063,597

- FUEL BURNER Filed oct. s, 17930 2 sheets-sheet z Patented Dec. 8, 1936 gPATENT OFFICE l FUEL BURNER g v V'.' Bisinger, Lakewood, Ohio Applicaatnocttber 3, reizen,l serial No. 486,221

zi claims. (o1. 15s-s3) The present inventionfrelates to the art f hydrocarbon burning apparatus and appliances and involves" an apparatus for burning, in gasecus or vaporized condition, a liquid hydrocarbon mixedwith air. One of the most available hy. drocarbons at present on the market isg'asoline, and/it is highly desirable to produce, if possible,

a burner appliance and .methodof burning a layf drocarbon of this nature for-household, furnace,

andany other uses'required. The methods and equipment-proposed by the prior art have been open to a decided disadvantage, .owing to the fact that the inherent danger attendant upon the utilization-of a highly volatile fuel such as gasoline, has not been `entirely eliminated, andv furthermore, it has been dirlicult to prevent condensation-of the vaporized fuel before it reaches the `burner openings.

`Thepresent invention deals with a modincation ofthe apparatus described 'and claimed in the copending application ofFra'nk V. Risingen Serial No. 458,327,A filed May 3l, 1930, and has for its object the provision'of an apparatus which will efciently burn highlyatomized or vaporized hydrocarbon fuel, such as gasoline-the apparatus being of such a nature as will adapt it for use in domestic -household appliances. such as stoves, furnaces, andthe like, and which can bei installed at a relatively low cost.

To accomplishV this object, an auxiliary reservoir proposed in the said identified' application' is'constructed in the form of a manifold, which.

maybe readily incorporatedinto `the stove structure in an advantageous and commercially adaptable form,l the manifold supplying fuel to the burners in a highly carbureted and vaporous condition, the manifold being provided with means for maintaining a predetermined quantity of hydrocarbon therein which isv supplied from a main reservoir under" air pressure as the fuel ln its vaporous form is being withdrawn from `the manifold.

Other and further'objects and advantages of the inventionwill becomey apparentA as the description ofthe invention proceeds.

The invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- I Figure 1 is a plan view of an installation made in accordance with the presentfinvention.

Flgure 2 is a view, partly in section, taken along the line 2-2 of Figure l.

Fig. 2a is aview, partly in section, taken along the line 2a--2a of Fig. V2.

Fig. 2b is a view, partly in section, taken along the line2b-2b of Fig. 2.v

ure l.

Figurei is` a View along the line kll--4 of Figure l, looking in the direction of the arrows, and

Figure 5 is a fragmentary side sectional v iew of the hydrocarbonsupply tank, showing the arrangement of air and liquid supply linesthererom. Y Referring more particularly to the drawings, A indicates generally the improved hydrocarbon vapor 4burnerswhich are supplied with hydrocarbon fuel vapor in a highlly carburetedv state from the auxiliary carbureting' receptacle B, which forms a manifold, as'above mentioned.

Themain supply tank indicated at C is pref`- erably disposed exteriorly of the buildingV in which the burners A and auxiliary reservoir or manifold B are located, the supply tank C being provided with the filling opening H having a suitable closure plug l2 and means for supplying air under `pressure thereto through a pipe i3, consisting of a compressor I4 operatedby any suitable power source, such as a motor I5.

` Associated with the compressor is a` pressure responsive controlling device I6 for discontinuing the operation of themotor and compressor when the pressure in the system reaches a predetermined degree, and starting again when the pres- "sure goes below a predetermined degree.

Themain supply tank C has leading therefrom a fuel delivery pipe I1 andan air delivery pipe Il. These vpipescommunicate with the interior of the manifold B. Pipes l1 and I8 terminate in seats at the manifold ends for needle valves `vaporizing the fuel, which fuel passes into these conduits from the branches 2l and2la through valves illustrated by 26 in Figure 2, which figure also shows that each conduit 24 and 24ahas a' rod 25 passing through it, the rod terminating in theneedle valve 25a, the regulation of which controls the amount of fuel passing through its conduit. It will be noted that the generator by the burner names after the burners are lighted.

Disposed within the branches 2i and 2la respectively, are fuel carbureting or atomizing devices 22, each of these devices consisting of a' U-shaped pipe having one end in communication with a passageway 30 in valve 26 and the other end disposed above the level of the liquid as indicated at 22b. The pipe extends downwardly intermediate its ends well below the level of the liquid and is provided with a small fuel receiving opening 22a. 'I'he passageway 30 com municates with the conduit 24. When the burner 21 is in operation, the pressure within' the manifold B causes air to flow through the open end 22h downwardly past the opening 22a, and upwardly into the passageway 30. Pressure on the liquid within the manifold B also causes a certain amount of the liquid to pass into the opening 22a, but due to the relatively minute size of this opening, the liquid is completely atomized or vaporized by the air passing through the pipe before it reaches the passageway 30. The valve 26 is provided with anauxiliarypassageway 3 l-32 for admitting additional air under pressure from the manifold B into the vaporous mixture as it isA conveyed through the passageway 30 in the valve, the quantity of such additional air being controlled by the valve control handle 23.

As above mentioned, each burner includes a needle valve 25a, the conduit 24 extending laterally and having the valve 26 secured thereto. Adjustment of the valve 25a is accomplished by operation of the handle member 28 which increases or decreases the space through the nozzle outlet. The fuel first in a mist-like form, then in vaporous form after the burners are startedis injected into the Bunsen burner 21, containing a gas chamber 29 whereupon it passes through the burner openings and is burned in the usual manner, theilame passing around the conduit 24 to heat the incoming fuel. A

It will be noticed that the vaporous fuel as it is injected'into the end of each Bunsen tube 21 causes the necessary additional air for proper combustion of the fuel to be sucked in therewith adjacent to the jet 25a.

Fuel will continue to ow through the pipe I1 until the level of the fuel. rises to a point where the float control valve member I9 will be.

lifted. This action seats the valve I9a over the fuel line and vents the pipe I8, permitting air under pressure from the supply tank C to pass through the pipe i8 into the manifold B which will equalize the pressure between the supply tank and manifold.

When the level drops sufllciently within the manifold B the oat I9 will again close the valve I9b at the end of pipe I8, causing a reduction of pressure between the manifold and the tank whereupon the higher pressure in the tank will again force the liquid upwardly through the pipe l1 until the level is againestablished.

The carbureting device or atomizer 22 consists of a U-shaped pipe having one end in communication with a control valve 23 and the other end disposed above the level of the liquid as indicated at 22h. The pipe 22 extends downwardly intermediate its ends well below the le'el of the liquid and is provided with a small fuel receiving opening 22a.

When the burner is in operation the pressure within the manifold B causes air to ow through the open end 22b downwardly past the opening in the appliance.

2,063,697 'tubes 24 and 24a are positioned so as to be heated 22a and upwardly into the control valve 23.. Pressure on the liquid within the manifold B also causes a certain amount of the liquid to pass into the opening 22a, but due to the relatively minute size of the opening the liquid is completely atomized or carburetted by the air passing through the plate before it reaches the valve 23. If desired, the valve 23 may be provided with an auxiliary air supply control valve for admitting additional air under pressure from the manifold B into the atomized mixture as it is conveyed from the valve through the conduit 28 through the burner-A.

It may also be here noted that this apparatus permits complete carburetting of the fuel without the necessity of the preheating, and it conveys the fuel to the burner in this carburetted condition whereby it may be immediately ignited and 'thus readily employed for bur-ner starting purposes, even though subsequently it may be heated additionally to increase its vaporized condition in which it will be burned during the continuous use of the burner. 'Ihis presents a marked advantage over the prior art, which has always proposed to convey the fuel inl a liquid stateto the burner, whereupon it is'introduced into a generator tube which must be maintained heated to a comparatively high degree in order to vaporize the fuel before it enters the burner. This prior art construction usually necessitates the preheating of the generator tube, which positively prevents immediate ignition and positive control of the vaporized -fuel as it enters the burner. v I

In the present apparatus there is obtained a most exible control of the richness of the ultimate gas generated from such liquid hydro-carbons as gasoline for which the invention` has been especially designed. .Thus there is effected a preliminary automatic admixture of air from the main liquid fuel supply tank with the rich fuel in the auxiliary manifold fuel reservoir, a supplemental mixture of air under manipulatable control of the vaporized fuel produced in the auxiliary reservoir and further additional admixture of atmospheric air with fuel quantity control, with an already highly vaporized fuel.,

at the location of the vapor jet or jets 25a from which the vaporous fuel is injected into the heatvfuel `gas so generally produced by burning appa- .'ratus of the type of this invention are thus largely obviated, along with carbon troubles and consequent ineiciency.

It will be understood that the description given above for the construction and operation of the device for one vburner is similar for each burner The illustration shows four burners, of a type such as is illustrated in Figure 2. It will be seen that each end of the cross of the T can be connected to other burners if desired, as for instance an oven (not shown) and it Will also be apparent that the illustrated form is merely one example of the several forms which the invention may take, and that many'details of construction can be changed without departing from the inventive concept. It Will be ac-f cordingly understood that it is intended and desired to embrace within the scope of this invention such modifications and changes as may be 2,083,697 'necessary to adapt it to varying conditions and manifold that must operate in conjunction with a plurality of burners. Itis clear that themexn-f ber B with the extendingbranches 2l` and 2id is designedfor supplying a single burner dust as much as for `a plurality of burners. Its pritive burners, and means for preheating the fuel mary function is to act as an auxiliary fuel and air receptacle and it is therefore not desired that supply a plurality of ifold for my claims be limited to a member@ designed 'to burners, but rather to ysuch a member acting as an auxiliary receptacle for supplying one or more burners. I n

Having .thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to. secure by Letters Patent of the United States, isv

1. In a hydrocarbon burningapparatus, the combination with a plurality of ,hydrocarbon burners, of a manifold for delivering hydrocarbon fuel to the burners, the said manifold forminga fuel supply reservoir for'conta'ining a supply of liquid fuel, means associated with the manatomizing the saidfuel kfor each burner, means for supplying fuel, andl air tothe manifold, and' means 'for controlling the vfuel and air supplies, the operation of the said means being determined by the'level of the liquid in the mani-l fold. I l

l2. In a hydrocarbonburnin'g apparatus, the

.combination with a' plurality of yhydrocarbonV burners, of ,a manifold for delivering' fuel to the burners, the said manifold forming a reservoirl for containing asupply of liquid fuel, means associated with the manifold for atomizing the" said fuel for each burner, means for supplying fuel and air to the manifold, and means for controlling the fuel and air'supplies comprising valves operated by the level of the. liquidfin the manifold. I l

combination f with a plurality of hydrocarbon burners, of a manifold forming a vreservoir for a supply of liquid fuel for the burners, means for introducingV liquid fuel andair to the said manifold, and means Within the manifold for controlling the fuel and ,air supplies, the said means comprising valves actuated by the level of liquid fuel in the manifold.

4. In a hydrocarbon burning apparatus, the combination with. a plurality, lof hydrocarbon burners, of a manifold forming a reservoir for a supply of liquid fuel for the'burnera'means for introducing liquid fuel and air into the said manifold, and means within the said manifold :for con'- trolling the fuel and air supplies, Athe said, means comprising a float controlled by the level of liquid fuel within the said manifold,v and valves op erated by the said float.

6. In a -hydrocarbon burning apparatus, `the 3. In a hydrocarbon burning apparatus, the

combination with a plurality of hydrocarbon `burners including `a heating tube, of a manifold for the,r burners, themanifoldhaving openings therein, one for each burner, themanifold forming a reservoir for a supply of liquid fuel for the burners, air andfuel lines leading into the mani- `fold for admission of air and fuel thereto; means adjacent each line for controlling the-said admission responsively to variation in the fuel level in the manifold, means adjacent each burner open-l ing inthe manifold for atomizing the fuel into a mist-like condition as it passes totherespecafter atomization to vaporize the atomized fuel while passing 'through the 'heating tube.

7.In a hydrocarbon burning apparatus, thecombination with a plurality off'hydrocarbon burners, of a manifold for the burners, the manifold lhaving-openings therein, one for each'burner, the manifold forming a reservoir for a supply of liquid fuel for the burners, air and fuel` lines leadingintoA the manifold for admission of airl under substantial `pressure and fuelthereto,

- means for controlling'the said admission, the said Ameans comprising a float'oontrolled by the level of liquid inthe-manifold and a valve for each line operated by the float. and means adjacent each burner openingin the manifold for atomizing the fuelpassing toA the lrespective burners.`

8. A hydrocarbon burning apparatus which `comprises the Vcombination with one' or more burners having an inlet, of a` manifold for' sup-2 plying fuel to the burners, means for admitting fuel and air under pressure to said manifold', fuel atomi'zing instrumentalities 'in the manifold, conduitlmeans for conducting a mixture of air and fuel in atomizedfform under pressure from the manifoldk to the inlet of the burners, a :lethaving means for varying the rate of flow Vof atomas `long as any, or all,` of the jets remain open.

9, A hydrocarbon burning apparatus, which comprises the combination with a plurality of burners havingY inletopenings, of a manifold for supplying fuel to the'burners, means for admitting fuel and air under pressure to said manifold,

instrumentalities in the manifold'for atomizing the fuel into a mist-like form, conduit means for conducting tlie fuel in mist-like form mixed'with air,from the manifold to the burners, jets associated with the'conduit means and each directed into a burner, means for controlling the jet to regulate theysupply of the said fuel and air mixture to the burners, a 'portion of said conduit means being so disposed as tov receivethe heat from the said burners when ignited for heating the said fuel mixture before it passes through the jet, the fuel and air mixture continuing from the manifold as long las all or any one of the jets remains open,v and means for controlling admission of fuel and air into the manifold, comprising valves adjacent the'fuel and-air intakes, and a float for operating the respective valves respon# sively to changes in level of the fuelk in the manifold. v

10. Ina hydrocarbon burning apparatus of the class described,kthe combination with a plurality of hydrocarbon burners having inlets, of a manifold having air and fuel intakes and having ay .fuel reservoir for liquid fuel, conduits for delivering fuel and air from the manifold to the burner inlets, means associated with the conduits for controlling the fuel and air supply to the burners, means for controlling the supplies of fuel and air entering the manifold, said means including valves in the fuel and air intakes, respectively, and a float for actuating the said valves responsively to variations in the level of the fuel in the manifold, whereby a lowering of the fuel level and float tends to open the fuel intake valve and close the air intake valve to increase the flow of liquid fuel to restore the fuel level in the manifold, the restoring of the fuel level closing the fuel intake valve and opening the air intake valve.

11. A hydrocarbon burning apparatus having a burner provided with a fuel receiving port and a perforated zone, in combination with a fuel conducting and atomizing system which comprises a manifold, an atomizinginstrumentality in said manifold, a conduit for conducting fuel to said manifold, a conduit for conducting air into said manifold. a source of pressure for imposing a pressure upon the fuel and the air travelling through said conduits, valve means in each conduit for varying the amount of fluid admitted to said manifold, a float for operating said valves, a conduit for conducting fuel under pressure from the manifold to the burner porta jet in said conduit directed toward a burner port, means for varying the opening of the jet to govern the supply of fuel admitted to the burner, said burner and said last named conduit being juxtaposed whereby the llame from the burner impinges on the conduit to heat the fuel mixtur before it passes into the burner port.

12. In a liquid hydro-carbon burning apparatus, the combination with a plurality of hydrocarbonburners, burner inlets, atomizers for mixing liquid fuel and air, means comprising a manifold for carrying a supply of said fuel and air under pressure to each of the atomizers, conducting passages extending from said atomizers, said passages having outlets for directing the atomized fuel to said burner inlets for supplying combustion at the burners, means for maintaining an average depth of the fuel in said manifold at each of Ythe atomizers, means for heating the fuel and air mixture before it has passed from said outlets for transforming the mixture into a vaporous condition for operation of the burners and means for supplying under pressure the air which forms part of said mixture and for maintaining a predetermined average air pressure at all times during the flame operation.

13. A liquid fuel burner and fuel conditioning system comprising a reservoir for the supply of liquid hydro-carbon fuel, a burner having an inlet, said reservoir being of any desired capacity and suitable to be located outside of a building or other enclosure, an atomizer suitable to be located inside of a building or other enclosure, means for conducting fuel from said reservoir to the atomizer, means for conducting the supply of air under pressure to the fuel at said atomizer for creating an atomized mixture of the fuel and air, a conducting passage for said mixture extending from said atomizer to said burner inlet, said passage having an outlet, means for heating a portion of said passage for transforming said mixture into a vaporous condition, means including said outlet for injecting the vaporous mixture into the burner inlet for supplying a flame, and means operated by power automatically controlled for supplying the air which forms part of said mixture and for maintaining a predetermined average amount of pressure ofthe air throughout the flame operation.

14. A liquid fuel burner and fuel conditioning systemcomplising means for creating a mistlilre mixture of fluid-hydrocarbon and air, means including an inlet for carrying said mixture and additional air to the burner for supplying a flame, a nozzle for injecting said mistlike mixture into said inlet, means comprising a generator through which the mist-like mixture passes to saidnozzle, said generator receiving heat of the flame for transforming the mixture into a vaporous condition for further supplying the flame, means for applying under pressure the air which forms part of the mixture and means for maintaining a predetermined average amount of the air pressure throughout the flame operation.

15. A liquid fuel burner and fuel conditioning system comprising means for creating under enclosure and under pressure a mist-like mixture of fluid hydro-carbon and air,- means including an inlet for carrying said mixture and additional air to the burner for supplying a flame, a jet for injecting the mist-like mixture into said inlet.-`V

means comprising a generator through which the mixture passes and `is transformed into a vaporous condition before passing from said Jet for further supplying the flame and means for maintaining a predetermined average amount of pressure on the air which forms part of said mixture, said air passing with the fuel to the flame continuously throughout the flame operation.

16. A liquid fuel burner and fuel conditioning system comprising means for creating a mistlike mixture of fluid hydro-'carbon and air, means including an inlet for carrying said mixture and additional air to the burner for supplying a flame, a jet for injecting said mist-like mixture into said inlet, means comprising a generator through which the mixture passes to said `iet, said generator receiving heat of the flame for transforming said mixture inta a vaporous condition, means for changing the air ratio of the fuel and air as required for a combustible mixture after being transformed to a vaporous condition and means operated byL power automatically controlled for supplying the air which forms part of said mixture, said air being under pressure throughout the flame operation.

17. A liquid fuel burner and fuel conditioning system comprising means for mixing fluid hydro-carbon with air, a burner having an inlet, a conducting passage comprising a generator and including a jet through which said fuel with air .is directed into the inlet for supplying a ame at the burner,'means including said burner for directing a portion of the flame against the generator for transforming a. further supply of said mixture into a vaporous condition before it has passed from the jet for further operation of the flame and means for maintaining a predetermined average amount of pressure on the air which forms part of said mixture throughout the flame operation.

Y 18. A liquid fuel burner and fuel conditioning system comprising means for creating a mist-like mixture of fluid hydro-carbon and air, said burner having an inlet for receiving said mixture and a plurality of outlets through which the mixture passes to supply a ame, a jet for injecting the mixture saidinlet'; means comprising a generatorl, whichv said mixturepasses and is transformed into a'vaporousl condition by y heatfofthe, flame beforepassing from said Jet fof jfn'ther sllpplyig the name and means oper- .v atdf'ibypower automatically controlled for I v'1nai1-1taining a predetermined average amount of pressure on the air" which forms part of said 1 mixture 'throughout the flame operation. l0 'syste'mfcomprising means for creating a mist- 19.A1liquid fuel burner and fuel conditioning likemixture of fluid-.hydro-carbon and air of a Jratio to permit starting a flame, said burner V for further operation of the ame and means forv i 'having an inlet, a conduit, said conduit having an outlet for injecting said mixture into the burner inlet, means comprising said conduit and including said ame for heating the further supply of said mixtureY to transform it into a vaporous condition before it has passed ,from

said outlet, means for changing the ratio of the v air to fuel as necessary for a combustible mixturel after being heated to a vaporous condition supplying under pressure the air which forms part of said mixture andy for constantly maintaining a predetermined average amount of 'said pressure throughout the `llame operation.

20. A liquid fuel burner, and fuel conditioning system comprising means for creating a mist- I0 like mixture of fluid hydro-carbon and air, said burner having an'inlet, a conduit, said conduit having an outlet for directing the mixure to Vsaid inlet for supplying a ilame, comprising said conduit and including' heat supplied by the flame for transforming said mixture into. ave;- porous condition before passing. from" said outlet for further operation of the flame and means operated by power lautomatically controlled for supplyingthe air which forms part of4 said mixture through all time of the flame operation.

2l. vA liquid fuel burning and fuel conditioning system, comprising a plurality of burners for combustive operation, said burners being arranged as for cooking or other purposes, a main liquid fuel and air reservoir, an auxiliary liquid fuel and air reservoir, said auxiliary reservoir comprising an outlet means. from which the fuel and air may pass for being directed to oneor more of the burners, said auxiliary reservoir being disposed externally of the main reser- FRAliK V. RIBINGER.

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