US1917198A - Comminuting machine - Google Patents

Description

July 4, 1933. R. SCHEYNOST 1,917,198

COMMINUTING MACHINE Filed Aug. 21, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet l July 4, 1933. SCHEYNOST 1,917,198

COMMINUTING MACHINE Filed Aug. 21, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 4, 1933 i unite s'rres PATENT OFFICE RUDOLPH SCHEYNOST, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CHAS. I-IOLLENBAGI-I, INC., 013 CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS CO IVIMINUTING MACHINE as to counteract centrifugal force applied to the material being subjected to the action of the machine and thereby promote efficiency of the same as will more fully and particularly appear from the following specification.

Other objects of the invention will be pointed out and best understood from the detailed description of the embodiment thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings,

wherein:

Fig.1 1s a s de elevation, partly broken away, illustrating a machine constructed in accordance with the invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary radial sectional view thereof taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. '3 is a fragmentary perspective view of the machine. I

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary perspective View of one of the. cutter-carrying plates of the machine, showing the cutters in place thereon.

, The machine of this inventioncomprises an outer substantially cylindrical casing 1, closed at its ends and which is rigidly inounted upon a suitable base 2, which may be integral.

The said casing 1 is provided with a suit able feed'opening at the top thereof through which the material to be comminutcd is fed, the hopper 3 for said material being arranged to feed into said opening in a well-known manner.

The casing 1 comprises, preferably, the end ring plates 4: and a relatively thick; substantially semi-cylindrical wall 5, of cast iron or the like, composed of sections which are secured to said end plates, each of said sections being equipped with the cutters as hereinafter described. This cast wall-portion of said casing extends from the base 2 to the hopper 3 at the left of the latter in the instance v illustrated, thus leaving the balance of said casing 1 normally open. This normally open portion of said casing is closed in part by an arcuate sheet-metal plate 5*" extending to a point spaced from the lower end of the cast wall thereof at the right of the base to provide a discharge opening for the comminuted product. Each of the said sections of said cast wall is provided with a longitudinal groove of dove-tail or equivalent shape on its inner face into which the cutters 6 and spacing blocks are fitted in a well-known manner, said blocks and the portions of the said cutters 6 engaged between the same, being clamped against each other by means of set-screws 7 threaded into the end plates 4:. Said set-screws also permit ad ustment of an entire row of cutters 6 longitudinally of said casing and laterally of the cutters. The said cutters are non-rotatable about the'axis of said casing.

:Mo'unted upon the base are standards 8 carryingbearings 9 for the shaft or trunnions lOof-the rotatable drum 11 mounted concentrically of and within the casing 1. The said drum 11 is provided -with'longitudinal dovetail grooves in which similarly shaped plates 12 are fitted, one of said plates 12 being shown in Fig. 4. Each of said plates 12 is provided with a dove-tail groove in which the similarly shaped inner ends of cutters 13 are received, together with spacing blocks 14 therefor which maintain said cutters 13 spaced from each other a distance equal to the spacing of the cutters'6, the latter and said cutters 13 being disposed in staggered relation to each 8 other. 5

Set-screws 15 in the end plates 16 secured to the ends of the. drum 11, bear upon the outermost cutters'13 and serve to clamp all of said cutters 13 and spacing blocks 14 firmly together and likewise permit adjustment 7 of an entire row of said cutters 13 to vary their spacing from the cutters 6 within the limits of the spacing of the latter from each other.

In the instance illustrated, the drum 11 is rotatable anti-clockwise. It will be noted that the cutters 6 are disposed so that the cutting edges thereof are opposed to the direction of rotation of the drum 11 and cutters 13 and extend angularly inwardly from the casing 1 in the direction of rotation of the cutters 13 so as to tend to cause material brought into contact with said cutting edges of said cutters 6 to be moved toward the drum 11.

The cutters 18 are inclined oppositely to the cutters 6 and also tend to move the material toward the surface of the drum 11.

In the existing machines of this type, the cutting edges of the cutter blades are either radially disposed or are curved'so the cut-' ting edges of the cutters mounted on the drum tend to move the material outwardly toward the inner wall of the casing.

The drum 11 is rotated at high speed and thus exerts a strong centrifugal force on the material to be comminuted and this force is also exerted by the cutters on said drum to free them of the material and, so to speak, plaster it against the opposed inner wall of thecasing 1 in a thick layer into which the cutters on the drum merely cut grooves without detaching the material.

By the relative angular arrangement of the cutting edges of the cutters 6 and 13 here in illustrated and described, the said respective cutters tend to move the material toward the drum 11 inopposition to the said centrifugal force and thusserve to maintain said material-floating between the drum and casing in the path of the cutters, the relative disposition of the cutting edges of. the latter being such as to efi'ect'slicing cuts of said material.

' The adjustment of the cutters (Sand 13- relatively to each other serves to regulate the degree to which the material is comminuted, it being well-known in the art that by bringing the cutters 13 into closer spaced relation to the cutters 6, the material will be more finely comminuted than if said spacing is greater.

In effecting adjustment of the-cutters 13 relatively to the cutters 6, it is best to adjust alternate sets of cutters in respectively opposite directions to assure uniform comminution of the material.

The aforesaid relative disposition of the cutters 6 and 13 constitutes the essentially novel feature of the present invention and renders the machine far more effi'cient than other machines of the same class which are known to the applicant. 1

The end plates of the drum 11 disposed 0pposits the ends of the plates 12 comprise segments which are separately removable to permit any one of the plates 12 to be removed Without disturbing the remainder thereof.

In practice, the degree to which the meat or other material is comminuted, may be va ried to produce a very finely divided product by doubling the number of cutters 6. This is accomplished by removing all of the cutters of each row thereof, or any selected number of said rows, and the spacing blocks for said cutters, and substituting other spacing blocks of about one-half the width of those removed.

The cutters 6 and said narrower spacing blocks are then replaced with the result that a pair of said cutters 6 will be alternated with the respective cutters 13 and said cutters 6 and 13 will be far more closely spaced and thus will comminute the material subjected to their action to a far greater degree than I the aforementioned described arrangement.

1 claim as my 11117811131011; A comminutlng machlne lncluding a cas ing, a drum rotatablewithin and disposed concentric with said casing, and sets of cut ters mounted on said casing and on said'drum, respectively the cutting edges of said cutters on said drums being angularly disposed relatively to radial planes of the axis of said drum to cause the said cutting edges of the said cutters to tend to move materialcoming into contact therewith toward said drum, and said cutters on said drum having theircutting edges disposed angularlyto radial planes of said drum in a direction totend to move material engaged by said cutting edges during rotation of saiddrum toward-the surrounding casing, the respective angles of disposition of the cutting edgesof' the respective sets of knives being at respectively my hand this 12th day of August, 1931.

RUDOLPH soHEYNos rQ

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