US1916330A - Roller for crushing clods - Google Patents

Description

July 4, 1933. A. NORDSTRCM ROLLER F OR CRUSHING CLODS 5, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug.

y 1933. A. NORDSTRGM 1,916,330

ROLLER FOR CRUSHING CLODS Filed Aug. 5, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 4, 1933 UNITED STATES ABEL NORDSTRflM, 0F BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA ROLLER FOR GRUSHING CLODS Application filed August 5, 1932, Serial No. 627,657, and in Argentina May 19, 1932.

The present invention refers to improvements in rollers for crushing clods, the said improvements consisting in providing the said rollers with an oscillating system of earth scrapers whichhave been proved of high efliciency. This system of scrapers is used preferably in connection with rollers of the type formed by series of discs or constituted by a slotted or corrugated surface.

In use, when the ground is very damp, it tends to adhere to the roller, making the work very imperfect and facilitating the subsequent accumulation and detrimental caking of the earth.

To avoid this, it is possible to provide the rollers with fixed scrapers or combs. However, these have proved unsatisfactory because the earth sticks to the roller and forms a brake to prevent its advance.

It is to avoid these difficulties that I have invented the system above referred to and which consists, as I have already said, of oscillating scrapers, each supported, on an oscillating arm, independently of the other, so that the scrapers exert, by their own weight, a certain pressure against the earth adhered to the roller and expels it therefrom.

It happens, however, that when the earth is very damp, the accumulation of the earth on the rollers resists the action of the scrapers and, little by little, owing to the volume of the adhered earth, lift the scrapers from the rollers, so that their action is lost. The apparatus is, therefore, provided with a device to meet these conditions, which device is constituted by a system of levers placed in such manner that they work as hammers striking violently on the bars which support the scrapers. Likewise, these levers may actuate the bars carrying the scrapers, forcing these downwardly against the rollers and expelling the earth adhering thereto.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood and easily carried into practice, a preferred form is shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a view of the rear part of a roller, having the system of scrapers applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is a side view of a roller, clearly showing the arrangement of each element of the scraper, as-well as the conformation of the hammering lever which, in this case, is shown at the moment of striking;

Fig. 3 is a side view similar to the former, but with the hammering lever in its raised position, i. e., when the roller is working on earth under normal conditions and does not require the striking against the scrapers;

Fig. at shows a side View of a roller with a system of levers applied, which press the bars of the scrapers; and

Fig. 5 is a similar view of the same device, showing the movement of the pressure lever.

The plates 1 constituting the roller are on axle 2 having fixed thereto, on bearings 3, the frame 4. The frame carries the traction iron 5 for pulling the roller.

For the present case, the scrapers 6 are placed in front of the slots formed between each two discs and are fixed by means of screws 7 to the ends of bent arms 8 which, at their upper ends, are fixed to the frame 4 by means of nuts 9.

These arms may be elevated, or lifted, but in normal conditions they remain in contact with the bottom of the slots 10 in which is provided the support plate 11, or, otherwise, on the angle iron 12. The support plate 11,

also has other slots on its lower part, through which pass the arms 8. These slots, both those of the bottom andupper part, serve as guides for preventing the lateral movement of the arms 8.

WVhen working on very damp earth, this earth adheres tenaciously to the roller and, resisting the weight of the scrapers, elevates them little by little from the surface of the rollers. It is necessary at such times to re turn the scrapers to the normal position, for separating the earth adhered to the roller.

This can be brought about by means of at least two different arrangements which have as their only difference, the location of the supporting point of the lever relative to its free end or contacting point. Because of this difierence, in the first instance a strong blow is used (the supporting being remote from the contact point), and in such case the free end of the lever strikes on the scraper arms. In the second case the weight factor is used (the support being near the contact point), and in such case the free end of the lever presses on the lever arms.

For the first case, the roller is provided with a set of like levers 14:, the free ends of which .are secured to an angle iron 15 common to them all. These levers are pivoted on a support plate 16 and project therefrom forming arms 17 it being the object of such arrangement that the levers may act as a hammer.

Levers 14: and arm 17 occupy, normally, the position indicated in Fig. 3, being retained there by the action of any pulling means 18 such as a rod, cord, etc., which is fastened to the end 19 of each arm 17.

hen the scrapers 6 and the arms 8 have initiated their ascending movement due to the accumulation of earth in the roller, the arm 17 is loosened and a violent push is given the same in the direction shown by the arrow at, so that the iron 15 will strike against the respective bends of the arm 8 in the manner of a hammer, as shown in Fig. 2. The operation is repeated as many times as will be necessary for completely separating the damp earth so that the scrapers may again assume their normal position. I

The movement of the lever 14 is limited in the lower part by the frame 4 of the roller and in its upper part by the upper edge of the guides 21 which, at the same time, prevent undesired movements of the levers 14.

However, during operation in dry earth, that is to say, when it is not necessary to use the hammering levers, these are fixed in the positionindicated in Fig. 3, for which purpose guides 21 are provided with perforations 22 through which is passed a stop 23 which fixes the levers.

The other arrangement to which I have previously made reference, where the levers operate by pressure, is that indicated in Figs. 4- and 5.

Here the said levers are indicated at 24, pivoted on support 25, and carrying on their free ends the angle iron 26 which presses directly on arms 8 of the scrapers, when it is actuated by means of a cord or similar device 27, fastened to the hook 28. A guide 29 fixes the position of the lever 24.

During the normal operation of the roller, the lever 24 is maintained in the position indicated in Fig. 4 and the arms 8 and scrapers 6 in the position indicated in the same figure in dotted lines. When the work is effected on very damp earth, this accumulates on the roller, forming a film which forces the scrap ers 6 and arms 8 to rise to the maximum distance from the rolls which is permitted, as indicated in full lines on Fig. 4. For returning the scrapers to the normal position, it will be sufficient to pull the cord or like 27 (preferably violently) and the lever 24 will occupy the position indicated in Fig. 5, where the angle iron 26 will have depressed the arms 8 until they assume the position indicated in Fig. 5, corresponding to the normal work.

It is evident that modifications may be introduced in the construction and details without departing from the scope of the invention, which is more clearly determined in the following claims.

I claim:

1. Improvements in rollers for crushing clods, comprising a roller, a system of scrapers placed closethereto, a plurality of pivoted arms, each slightly oscillatable through a vertical angle, a transverse member with which each arm is adapted to contact, said member, under the action of said arms, contacting with the adjacent ends of said scrapers, said scrapers being adapted to be forced outwardly by the earth adhering to the roller and to be returned to the normal position when said arms strike said member.

2. Improvements in rollers for crushing clods, comprising a roller, a system of scrapers placed close thereto, a plurality of pivoted arms, each slightly oscillatable through a vertical angle, a transverse member with which each arm is adapted to contact, said member, under the action of said arms, contacting with the adjacent ends of said scrapers, said scrapers being adapted to be forced outwardly by the earth adhering to the roller and to be returned to the normal position when said arms strike said member, and means for causing said arms to strike said member.

3. Improvements in rollers for crushing clods, comprising a roller, a system of scrapers placed close thereto, a plurality of pivoted arms, each slightly oscillatable through a vertical angle, a transverse member with which each arm is adapted to contact, said member, under the action of said arms, contacting with the adjacent ends of said scrapers, said scrapers being adapted to be forced outwardly by the earth adhering to the roller and to be returned to the normal position when said arms strike said member, and means for causing said arms to press against said member.

4. Improvements in rollers for crushing clods, comprising a roller, a system of scrapers placed close thereto, a frame supporting said scrapersand carried by said roller, a

plurality of arms pivoted to said frame, each slightly oscillatable through a vertical angle, an iron common to the said arms and adapted to contact with the adjacent ends of said scrapers, said scrapers being adapted to i be forced outwardly by the earth adhering to the roller and to be returned to the normal position when said arms strike said iron, thereby causing said iron to contact the end of the scrapers.

ers being adapted to be forced outwardly by the earth adhering to the roller, through said slots and to be returned to the normal position under the action of said arms, and guides on said frame for guiding said arms in their movement through said vertical angle.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

ABEL NORDSTRGM.

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