US1914567A - Oil or gas burner - Google Patents

Description

June 26, 1933. R Z HOPKINS ET AL 1,914,567

OIL OR GAS BURNER Original Filed May 26, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet l 1% en qra: $351 K/ZZor/zeys,

June 20, 1933. R. Z, PKINS ET AL 1,914,567

OIL OR GAS BURNER Original Filed May 26, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 g 4 l7 3 izkuufxzfqrsv 3 5;

June 20, 1933. R. z. HOPKINS ET AL 1,914,567

OIL OR GAS BURNER Original Filed May 26, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 y 3y W (15% @s xzb wu,

Patented June 20, 1933 reuse? ear a RALrn' z norkinsnitnnnr nrnttiin's, AND HARLEY n. RAYMOND, or nnraorr, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNORS TO HUDSON MOTOR can COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN,

A OORCPORAT'ION or MiOH'IeAN OIL on. Gas BURNER Original application filed Ma 26, 1928, sea-m1 no. 280,764. n'iviae'a and this application filed A ia 1,

1930. Serial This invention relates to burners or heaters especially, although not exclusively, adapted for use in connection with drawing furnaces or the like of the type disclosed and claimed in our prior application Serial No. 280,764, filed May 26, 1928,11OW Patent No. 1,841,583, issued January 19,1932, of which this case is a division.

The invention has for an object to provide a burner or heater having a combustion chamber structure of such character as to permit the use of either liquid or gaseous fuel.

Another object of the invention is to provide'a heater or burner unit so constructed as to'be readily detachable from the remainder of the furnace or Oven structure and of a portablecharactenso as'tobe readily replaceable by another spare unit, thereby permitting relining and other necessary repairs without shutting down the whole plant, said burner unit being so organized as to permit the'ready' and convenient renewal of the combustion' chamber linin A further object of the invention is to provide a' burn'er unit having provision for the cir'culationof air therethr'ough to and from the oven, whereby the heat may be fully and efficiently utilized, but in'whichthe burner is at the same time adequately cooled.

The foregoing and other objects of the invention, together with means whereby the latter may becarried into effect, will best be understood from the following description of a preferred construction thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It will also be understood, however, that the particular construction andarrangement described and shown'have been chosen for purposes of e:- emplification merely, and that'said invention, as defined'by the claims hereunto appended, may be otherwiseembodied Without departure from the spirit and scope thereof.

In said drawings,

Fig. 1 is 'a'diagrammatic plan view of the complete furnace showing the relation of the heater or burner to the oven.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation looking from the inlet end ofth'eoven, or from the left in Fig. 3-is a transverse vertical section, taken The apparatus as a whole includes an oven or tunnel unit, generally indicated at A in Flgs. 1 and 2, a separate heater or burner unit, generally indicated at B, and detachable conduit connections, generally indicated at C, whereby the hot products of combustion in the burner unit B, together with a. certain amount of air heated thereby, may be circulated in a substantially closed circuit through said units.

The provision of a separate detachable burner unit B for the drawing oven makes it possible to employ a spare burner unit, so

that it is unnecessary, in case relining or other.

repairs are required in the heater, to shut down the entire plant. On the contrary, by disconnecting the conduit connections C, as hereinafter more fully described, the disabled heater may be removed and replaced by a spare heater, whereupon the necessary repairs can be made at leisure while the furnace continues in operation. In order to facilitat-ethis, the burner or heater unit is. supportedin elevated positionby an open frame work comprising transverse structural niem bcrs and legs 21 providing a space he neath the burner unit proper to receive the platform of an industrial truck which, when rep Jirs are needed, may be run under the unit to lift and. carry thesame away and in a similar manner to replace it by the spare unit.

As shown in Fig. 3, longitudinal angle iron bars 200 are mounted at each side of the frame along the underside of the members 20, these bars having vertical flanges acting as guides for the truck platform L when inserted beneath the members 20. The bars 200 also have inwardly extending horizontal flanges adapted to overlie the truck platform L and receive the upperthrust thereof-when frame members 20 are riveted or otherwise circulated through the oven.

permanently secured, said casing having a fire brick lining 23 and enclosing a circulation chamber 24. At one end the casing 22 is provided with an opening to receive a thimble 25 removably seated therein, said thimble comprising spaced co-axial inner and outer members or walls 27 and 28 connected by bolts 26. l ithin the circulation chamber 24 is a combustion tube or tubular combustion chamber 29 carried by fire brick supports 30 within said circulation chamber and spaced from the walls of the latter by crossed angle bars 31. The combustion tube 29 communicates at one end, as shown at 32, with the circulation chamber 24 and at its opposite end is enclosed by the inner member 27 of the thimble Said combustion tube is of relatively small diameter in proportion to its length and has relatively thin section walls composed of separate blocks or tiles of highly refractory material, such. as a suitable carborundum composition.

Supported by the thimhle 25 in alinement with the combustion chamber 29, so as to direct its flame into the latter through a suitable Venturi bushing 33 of refractory material, is a burner proper, generally indicated at D, said burner being of any approved and suitable type capable of employing either oil or gas as a fuel. It will, of course, be understood that the air necessary to support combustion is supplied to or about the burner and enters the mouth of the bushing 33 with the fuel.

The space 34 between the inner and outer members of the thimble 25 communicates with the circulation chamber 24 around the combustion tube 29 immediately adjacent the burner end of said tube and also communicates, outside the casing, with the outer air through suitable air inlets 35 controlled by a manually rotatable ring damper 36, whereby the amount of air admitted to the circulation chamber can be controlled.

The construction and arrangement of parts above described adapts the apparatus for use with either liquid or gaseous fuel. The long thin walls of the combustion tube absorb the interior heat quickly and transfer it quickly to the air in the circulation chamber by which said combustion tube is completely surrounded. The fresh air admitted through the space 34 around the burner cools the hottestend of the combustion tube. As a result, overheating of the combustion tube is effectually prevented and the heat thereof transferred to the air which, as hereinafter explained, is For efficient heating by gaseous fuel a long thin combustion chamber is required, whereas oil burning furnaces, as heretofore constructed, have required a larger combustion chamber to prevent overheating. permits the use of liquid fuel in a combustion chamber of the type required for the most Renewal of thecombustion chamber tiles can, when necesefficient use of gaseous fuel.

The present construction end 38 thereof to the circulation chamber 24 adjacent the point of communication 32 of the combustion chamber 29 therewith.

The supply conduit 42 includes a short section 44 communicating with the circulation chamber 24 at the top of the latter through the lining 23 thereof, a T-fitting 45 communicating with the section 44, a section 46 connected at one end by a detachable coupling 47 with one branch of the fitting 45 and at its opposite end communicating with a r the inlet of a blower 48 supported on the top of the oven and driven by a suitable motor 49 and a section 50 leading from the outlet of the blower 48 to two branches 51 which communicate with the'interior of the tunnel A adjacent the outlet end of the latter. The other branch of the T-fitting 45 is connected by a detachable coupling 52 with a stack 53 supported independently of the burner unit, as by hangers 54 from the roof 55 of the building within which the furnace is housed. The fitting 45 is provided with dampers 61 and 62 adapted to control communication between said fitting and the conduit section 46 and stack 53 respectively.

The return conduit 43 includes two branches 56 communicating with the interior of the tunnel adjacent the inlet end of the latter and two branches 57 communicating with the circulation chamber 24, said branches 57 being connected by detachable couplings 58 withbranches 59 with which communicates a sectional trunk connection 60 leading from the branches 56.

It will be seen that, by disconnecting the detachable couplings 47, 52 and 58, the burner unit B, with the portions 44, 45 and 57 of the conduit connections, may be removed as above described and replaced by a substitute unit having corresponding conduit portions.

It will now be seen that the system described provides for a substantially closed circuit circulation induced by the blower 48, of the air and products of combustion through the heater unit and oven unit, the

hot gases leaving the heater unit adjacent the burner or hottest part of said unit, entering the oven unit adjacent the discharge end of the latter, leaving said oven unit adjacent the inlet end, and returning to the heater at the cooler end of the latter, being thereafter caused to flow about the combustion tube so as to hold down the temperature of the latter and to be reheated thereby. By suitable regulation of the dampers 36, 61 and 62, sullicient, but only sufficient, outside air is admitted to the system to maintain combustion and make up the losses from the oven in charging and discharging, as hereinafter described, thereby fully utilizing all heat units. In starting the furnace, the damper 61 is closed and the damper 62 opened, thereby cutting off the oven and directing all products of combustion to the stack, until the burner unit has then become thoroughly heated. Thereafter, relative adjustment of the dampers 61 and 62 controls the proportion of gases circulated through the oven or discharged from the stack. Such fresh air as is admitted to the system, in addition to that directly supplied to the burner, is admitted through the space 3% of the thimble 25 immediately around the burner end of the combustion tube so as to become immediately heated as well as serving to cool the hottest end of the tube as above explained.

Having thus described our invention, we claim:

1. A heater for drawing furnaces and the like comprising a casing, a circulation chamber extending substantially the length of said casing and enclosed thereby, a long, thin walled combustion tube within said circulation chamber and surrounded thereby and having a length substantially that of said circulation chamber ano a diameter relatively small in proportion to its length, said combustion tube having a burner at one end and communicating with said circulation chamber at its other end, and means for admitting air to said circulation chamber surrounding said tube at the end of the latter adjacent said burner.

2. A heater for drawing furnaces and the like, comprising a casing enclosing a circulation chamber and having an opening at one end, a removable thimble in said open ing, a burner c rried by said thimble, and a combustion tube supported Within said circulation chamber in alinemcnt with said burner and removable through said opening when said thimble is removed.

A heater for drawing furnaces and the like, comprising a casing enclosing a circulation chamber and having an opening at one end, a removable thimble in said opening, a burner carried by said thimble, and a combustion tube supported within said circulation chamber in alinement with said burner and removable through said opening when said thimble is removed, said thimble having air inlets opening into said circulation chamber around said combustion tube.

4. A heater for drawing furnaces and the like, comprising a casing enclosing a circulation chamber and having an opening at one end, a removable thimble in said opening, a burner carried by said thimble, supports in said chamber, and a sectional combustion tube alined with said burner and comprising sections carried by said supports and removable through said opening when said thimble is removed.

.5. A heater for drawing furnaces and the like, comprising a casing enclosing a circulation chamber and having an opening at one end, a removable thimble in said opening a burner carried by said thimble, supports in said chamber, and a sectional combustion tube alined with said burner and cou'iprising sections carried by said supports and a section carried by said thimble, said sections being removable through said opening when said thimble is removed.

6. A. heater for drawing furnaces and the like, comprising a casing enclosing a circulation chamber and having an opening at one end, a thimble in said opening comprisspaced coaxial inner and outer members, a combustion tube supported at one end by said inner thimble member and communicating at the other with said chamber, a burner carried by said thimble in alinement with said tube, the space between said thimble members communicating with said chamber around said tube and having air inlets outside said casing, and a damper for controlling said air inlets.

7. in a drawing furnace or the like, having an even, a heater having a circulation chamber for the products of combustion, a combustion chamber communicating therewith, a burner for said combustion chamber, a thimble surrounding said combustion chamber at the end adjacent said burner for admitting air to said circulation chamber and for cooling said combustion chamber at the burner end, and conduits communicating with said circulation chamber adjacent the opposite ends thereof, respectively, whereby heated air may be circulated therethrough to and from the oven of said furnace.

8. In a drawing furnace or the like having an oven, a heater having a circulation chamber for the products of combustion, a combustion chamber communicating therewith, a burner for said combustion chamber, a thimble surrounding said combustion ch ainber at the end adjacent said burner for adi'nitting air to said circulation chamber and for cooling said combustion chamber at the burner end, and conduits communicating with said circulation chamber adjacent the opposite ends thereof, respectively, whereby heated air may be circulated therethrough to and from the oven of said furnace.

9. In a drawing furnace or the like having an oven, a heater having a circulation chambeer for the products of combustion, a combustion chamber surrounded by said circulation chamber and communicating therewith at one end, a burner at the opposite end of said combustion chamber, a thimble surrounding said combustion chamber at the end adjacent said burner for admitting air to said circulation chamber and for cooling said combustion chamber at the burner end, a conduit communicating with said circulation chamber adjacent the burner end of said combustion chamber, and a second conduit communicating with said circulation chamber adjacent the point of communication of said combustion chamber therewith, whereby heated air may be circulated therethrough to and from the oven of said furnace.

10. In a drawing furnace or the like having an oven, a heater having a circulation chamber for the products of combustion, a long, thin-walled combustion tube of relatively small diameter in proportion to its length within said circulation chamber, said tube being surroundedby said circulation chamber and communicating therewith at one end, a burner at the opposite end of said tube, a thimble surrounding said tube at the end adjacent said burner for admitting air to said circulation chamber and for cooling said tube at the burner end, a conduit communicating with said circulation chamber adjacent the burner end of said tube, and second conduit communicating with said circulation chamber adjacent the point of communication of said tube therewith, whereby heated air may be circulated therethrough to and from the oven of said furnace.

11. In a drawing furnace or the like having an oven, a heater having a circulation chamber for the products of combustion, a long, thin-walled combustion tube of relatively small diameter in proportion to its length within said circulation chamber, said tube being siiirrounded by said circulation chamber and comnnmicating therewith at one end, a burner at the opposite end of said tube, a thimble surrounding said tube at the end adjacent said burner for admitting air to said circulation chamber and for cooling said tube at the burner end, a conduit communieating with said circulation chamber adjacent the burner end of said tube, and a second conduit communicating with said circulation chamber adjacent the point of communication of said tube therewith, whereby heated air may be circulated therethrough to and from the oven of said furnace.

In testimony whereof we afiix our signatures. RALPH Z. HOPKINS.

ALBERT E. FELLERS. HARLEY D. RAYMOND.

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