US1911379A - Cupola furnace - Google Patents

Description

May 30, 1933. MARX -CUPOLA FURNACE Filed Jan. 5, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet .1

FEIEYMaIX INVEINTOR m'w ATTORNEYS.

2 Shee ts-Sheet 2 P. MARX CUPOLA FURNACE May 30, 1933.

Filed Jan. 5, 1931 terMarx INVENTOR.

,ZATTORNEYS.

Patented May {twill 9 33 UNITED STATES PETER MARX, OF HENNEF SIEG; GERMANY CUIPOLA. FURNACE Application filed January 3, 1931, Serial No. 506,434, and in Germany January 3, 1830.

My invention relates to a cupola furnace for melting and refining metals, glass, enamel and the like. I

One object of my invention is to provide a melting and refining furnace having a shaft arranged centrally above and in direct com: munication with the refining chamber of the furnace.

Another object of my invention is to provide an inner furnace part which is remov- -ablefrom its operative position, the top of said part constituting the bottom of the furnace shaft, while its lower part serves as a closure for the aperture in the bottom of the refining chamber. F

A still further object of my invention is to provide a cross-partitioned refining chamber, in which top and bottom apertures establish a communication between the partitioned sections for the passage of the heating flames.

A further object of my invention is to provide a cupola furnace of an efficient, simple and durable construction by which a minimum of consumption in energy, and a minimum loss in energy respectively are obtained, thereby yielding maximum mechanical and volumetric efiiciency.

With the foregoing and other objects in view the invention consists in the arrangement and combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed, and while the invention is not restricted to the exact details of constructiondisclosed, still for the purpose of illustrating a practical embodiment thereof, reference is bad to the accompanying drawingsin which like reference characters designate the same parts in the several views, and in which I Figure 1 is a section on the line 11 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2+2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 4 is a broken-plane horizontal sectlon of the furnace of Fig. 3.

The cupola furnace structure is provided with a cylindrical shaft 7, 9 denotes an annular refining chamber, and, in the form shown in Figs. 3 and 4 g is the refining section of said chamber 9, for receiving the material" to be melted, said material being free from any slag, while the reference numeral a designates an inner part of the furnace, said part preferably being of cylindrical'shape, imperforate andfportable at will after having been removed downward. d is the refractory brick wall. It should be noted that the continuit of the part of said wall confronting the sha t f is fully interrupted downwardly, where the said wall is flared out to form the enclosure 8f the expanded part of the furnace, chamer 9. A suitable mechanical device operated by electricityQcompressed air or the like, may be used for the introduction and the removal of the inner part a of the furnace. Such av deviceis exemplarily indicated in the drawing as a hydraulic ram 1', such a lifting device being well known to those acquainted with the respective art. The furnace part a as lowered by the ram 1' and thus removed from its operative position as denoted at a and indicated in dotted lines in Figures 2 and 3, in which position entrance may be easily had through the aperture in the bottom of the refining chamber to the refining chamberg as well as to the shaft f of the cupola furnace. The top of the inner furnace art a is suitably constructed soas to form a ottom c for the cupola furnace shaft, while, at the same time, the lower part serves as a closure of the aperture at the bottom of the refining chamber g, the intervening part forming outwardly solid, continuous sides.

This refining cupola furnace may or may not include a flatfaced cross-partition u in the refining chamber 9. Figures 1 and 2 show the refining chamber without'the cross-partition to, while Figures 3 and 4 indicate the refining chamber divided into two so arate, parts 9 and g by the cross-partition u. en conditioning means are ,to be introduced into the bath of melted material, in which in- I stance the bath must be kept free from $18. the construction shown in Figures 3 and 4 is to be given preference. The conditioning means may be introduced in the front part g of the refining chamber by the top aperture .2

as provided for. In both instances, the heating flames produced by the oil burners is will pass Over the liquid melted material, through the channels 2' into the shaft 7, where the material fed from the platform is melted, said material flowing, in counterflow to the ascending gases, through the channels 11 into the refining chamber g.

According to Figures 3 and 4 heating flames escape from the annular or main refining chamber 9 through the upper apertures 6 provided in the cross-partition into the front part g of the refining chamber, whence they return to the refining chamber 9 through the top aperture 10, and into the shaft f the said partition it being disposed substan tially in tangential alignment with said shaft. The material free from slag is passed into the front part of the refining chamber by way of I the lower apertures I).

The burners is may alsobe arranged on the furnace wall in such a manner that the heating flames enter the furnace through the part 9' of the refining chamber.-Due to the arrangement of slag outlets j, the slag may escape from the refining chamber to the open. The refined material is fed from the furnace intohmoulds or conveying vessels by the outet I This refining furnace may also be operated with coke-, coal dust-, gasor oil-firing. In accordance with the requirements, the air nozzles w may be opened or closed by the throttle valve 0.

This refining cupola furnace is used in connection with themelting of gray iron, steel,

temper castings and metals of any kind, as well as in the ceramic industry, for instance in connection with the melting of glass and enamel.

What I claim is:

1.- A cupola furnace comprising a furnace structure formed with an annular refining chamber, a shaft substantially concentrically arranged above and in direct communication with said refining chamber, an upstanding imperforate; cylindrical inner furnace part, said part being adapted to be removed from and into operative position.

2. A cupola furnace comprising a furnace structure formed with an annular refining chamber, a shaft substantially concentrically arranged above and in direct communication with said refining chamber, an upstanding imperforate cylindrical inner furnace part adapted to be removed from and into operative position, thetop of said furnace part constituting thebottom of the cupola shaft, its lower part serving as a closure for the a erture in the bottom of the refining cham er.

I 3. A cupola furnace comprising a furnace structure, formed with an annular refining chamber, a shaft substantially concentrically arranged above and in direct communically through said chamber into said shaft,

and serving to support the furnace charge in said shaft.

5. A cupola furnace comprising a refining chamber, a shaft extending upwardly from said chamber, said shaft being flared out into the ceiling of said chamber at its lower end, and an inner imperforate part extending vertically through said chamber into said shaft, and serving to support the furnace charge in said shaft.

6. A cupola furnace comprising a refining chamber, a relatively narrow shaft extending upwardly from said chamber and an inner imperforatepart extending vertically through the bottom of said chamber into said shaft, and serving to support the furnace charge in said shaft.

7. A cupola furnace comprising a refining chamber, a shaft extending upwardly from said chamber, said shaft being flared out into the ceiling of said chamber at its lower end, so that said, shaft unobstructedly expands into said chamber, and an inner part extending vertically through said chamber into i said shaft, and serving to support the furnace 1 charge in said shaft.

8. A cupola furnace comprising a refining chamber, a shaft extending upwardly from said chamber, said shaft being flared out into the ceiling of said chamber at its lower end, so that said shaft unobstructedly' expands into said chamber, and an innerpart extending vertically through said chamber into said shaft, and serving to support the furnace charge in said shaft, the lower end of said shaft spacedly surrounding said inner part above said chamber.

9. A cupola furnace comprising a refining chamber, a relatively narrow shaft extending upwardly from said chamber, and an inner imperforate part extending vertically through said chamber into said shaft, and serving to support-the furnace charge in said shaft, said inner part being downwardly removable from said chamber.

1 10. A cupola furnace comprising a refining into said shaft, and serving to support the furnace charge in said shaft, and a device downwardly removing said inner part from said chamber.

11. A cupola furnace comprising a refining chamber, a shaft upwardly extending from said chamber, an inner part arising in said chamber into said shaft and servin to support the furnace char e in said sha and a substantially flatfa partition arising in said chamber alongside of said inner part and said shaft, apertures at the top and the bottom of said partition establishing communication for gases and the melted material in said chamber, res ctively.

12. A cupola rnace comprising a refining chamber, a shaft upwardly extending from said chamber, an inner part arising in i said chamber into said shaft and serving to support the furnace charge in said shaft, and

a substantially flatfaced partition arising in said chamber in tangentlal alignment with the wall of said shaft, apertures at the top and the bottom of said partition establishing communication for ases and the melted material in said cham er, respectively.

' PETER MARX.

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