US1911264A - Rotary oil burner - Google Patents

Description

May 30, 1933- L. s. cHADwlcK Er AL 1,911,264

ROTARY OIL BURNER 4 Sheets-Sheet l Filed July 27, 1929 MMMMM www May 30, 1933. s, cHADwlcK ET AL 1,911,264-

ROTARY OIL BURNER Filed July 27, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 gwumatow /L/QQW 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 L. S. CHADWICK El' AL ROTARY OIL BURNER Filed July 27, 1929 May 30, 1933.

May 30, 193.3 L. s, cHADwlcK r AL 1,911,264

ROTARY OIL BURNER 4 Sheets-Sheerl 4 Filed July 27, 1929 Patented May 30, 1933 UNITED STATI-:s

PATENfn ol-luca LEE S. CHADWICK, OF'SHAKER HEIGHTS VILLAGE, 'MARC BESEK, OF CLEVELAND HEIGHTS, AND JOHN ALGER DAHLSTROM, F BAY VILLAGE, OHIO, ASSIGNOBS T0 vIEEIRIEII'.CTION STOVE COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A .GOBPOMTION OF OHIO ROTARY OIL BURNER Application mea :my 27,

Aare to simplify, cheapen and improve oil burners of the type referred to.

Another object is to provide a very substantial and compactvstructure that is selfcontained to the 'inclusion of motor and hearth and that is designed to be placed in the lower portion, as in the ash it, of a furnace of standard type with the earth so located with respect tothe frebox that maximum efficiency is obtained. p

A further object of the invention is to provide a rotary oil burner that is es ecially quick and convenient of installation, 1t being unnecessary with our improved burner to close any opening or space that is left between the hearth of the burner and the wall of the furnace, inasmuch as the lower portion of the furnace below the hearth is closed to the admission 'of superfluous or excess air by a proper emplacement of the burner, the air necessary for the promotion of combustion lenteringthrough a part of the burner structure.

In line lwith the foregoing are the further objects of providing simple and easily o erated means for regulating the air supp y to the burner, and the designing of the burn- `er so that the air admitted for combustion purposes is utilized to prevent overheating of the parts of the apparatus, especially the motor.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a construction that is made up largely of sheet metal stampings, thus maintaining the cost of production relatively low by eliminatin much machine work, insuring proper fittlng of the parts together, along with uniformity of product and lightness of structure. Also, the sheet metal, being of relatively small mass, dissipates the heat rapidly thereby keeping the burner parts comparatively cool.

These, and other objects that will appear as the description-proceeds, are attained in in number, with the hearth 3 dispos 1929. Serial N0. 381,800.

the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings whereinFig. 1 is a central vertical section from front to rear through our improved oil burning apparatus and the adjacent part of the furnace in l which it is installed, the oil reservoir and atomizing cup, with the latters associated parts, being shown in elevation; Fi 2 and 3 are horizontal sections through t e apparatus on the respective lines 2-2 and 3--3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a central vertical section through the upper portion of the apparatus on a scale considerably enlarged over that of Fig. 1, the present view showing the oil reservoir, atomizing cup, and parts associated therewith, rin section; Fig. 5 is a'*horizontal section, substantially on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4, the scale of this and the following figures being somewhat reduced with respect to that of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a section substantially on the line 66 of Fig. 4; and Fig. 7 is a sectional detail on the correspondingly numbered line of Fig. 5. i

The furnace, the lower vportion of which is shown in Fig. 1, is designated A, and the same is of standardtype and construction and access is had to the ash pit al thereof through the usual openin a. The bottom ofthe ash pit is shown as ormed by theioor a2, and above' the ash pit is the iirebox or combustion chamber designated a".

Our improved burner consists of three major parts which may be referred to, generally, as the lower or bottom unit assembly 1, the upper or top unit assembly 2, and the hearth 3. Thestructure comprising these major parts is supported a suitable distance above the floor a2 by legs 5, preferabl three4 in the lower portion of the rebox or combustion chamber as.

The lower unit assembly 1 is made up of a circular bottom wall 6, a cylindrical wall 7 and an annular top wall 8. The bottom wall is dished throughout its central portion, as shown at 9, and is surrounded by a flange 10, .while the top wall 8 is formed with a peripheral flange 11'. The top and bottom edges of the cylindrical wall 7 are spot welded or otherwise secured to the flanges of the respective walls 8 and 6. For convenience of assembly, the front portion of the cylindrical wall 7 is made removable, as best disclosed in Figs. 2 and 3, said portion being designated 12, and shown as 'held in place by thumb screws 13. The previously mentioned legs 5 are preferably'threaded through thimbles 14 whose upper ends are reduced and riveted within openings in the bottom wall 6. By reason of this construction, the legs 5 are 'adjustable with respect to the structure so that the latter may be made level notwithstanding irregularities in the floor a2.

' The inner end of an air supply conduit 15, shown as formed of telescoping sleeves, is fitted through an opening in the front portion 12 of the cylindrical wall 7 of the bottom unit assembly 1, the forward end of said conduit projecting through a collar 16 that is applied to a plat-e 17 over an opening 18 therein, and which plate closes the ash pit opening a of the furnace. An air control damper 20 is adjustably connected to the front of the air supply conduit 15 as by means of slotted tongues 21 through 'which bolts 22 are engaged, said bolts extending through apertures in the outer sleeve of the conduit 15- (and the upper one through a hole ina bracket'23) beyond which they are provided with Wing nuts 24. The bracket 23 is in the form of an angle Whose inner branch bears against the collar 16 and, therewith, is connected to the plate 17 by a screw 25. The inner-end of the air supply conduit cngages a stop 26 that is fastened to the removable portion 12 of the wall 7. A cylindrical wire screen 27 is connected to and is adjustable with the air control damper 20 and extends into the conduit 15 for preventing the entrance of foreign matter with the air.

An electric motor 30 is suspended, lthrough bolts 31, from the annular top wall 8 of the,

lower unit assembly 1, the casing of the motor having a circular extension 32 that fits within the opening of said annular wall. The motor shaft 33 extends a material distance above the wall 8 and has in its end a transverse notch 35, the upper portions of whose side Walls are flared outwardly, as shown at 36. According to prevailing practice, a dust cover 37 is fitted to the shaft 33 adjacent a boss 38 of the motor casingwherein said shaft has bearing.

The top unit assembly 2 includes a pan like housing whose body portion is drawn from sheet metal to form a bottom 40 and a side wall 41. The upper edge of said wall is flanged outwardly at 42, and suitably secured thereto is the periphery of a. top 43, the central portion of which is ofi'set upwardly to form a cylindrical extension 44. Said extension has formed integral with it an annular wall 45 that surrounds an opening 46.

The hearth proper is made of suitable refractory material, such as fireclay or brick, and the same includes a rim 48 that rises from the edge of a flat bottom wall 49, and this refractory body is contained within a sheet metal hearth receptacle 50 that is supported by the top 43 of the upper unit assembly 2. The hearth receptacle is shown as securedv to said top 43 by screws 51 Whose heads are accommodated by a cavity in the bottom wall 49 of the hearth.

Situated centrally, and secured to the bottom 40, of the aforesaid housing that constitutes a part of the upper unit assembly, is a reservoir 55 to which fuel oil is conducted through a supply pipe 56. It may be explained that by suitable means (not shown),

I such as a float control, or an overflow device,

like that disclosed in our above mentioned application, the oil is maintained at about the level indicated by the like a: in Fig. 4. It will be noted that the bottom of the reservoir is formed with a reentrant portion 57 that rises to almost the height of the peripheral Wall, and applied to said peripheral wall is a dust guardv 58. A bailie 59 rises from the bottom of the reservoir in concentric and spaced relation to the reentrant portion 57 and the same has a series of holes 59a adjacent its lower end through which the oil spaces Ainwardly and outwardly of the baiiie communicate. The aforesaid'reentrant portion 57 constitutes an air flue, as will hereinafter appear.

Dipping into the reservoir below the normal oil level therein, and inside the baflie 59, is the receiving end 60 of an 'atomizing cup 61 that is supported through a disk-like member 62 from a head 63 that includes an elongated hollow hub 64 that lits over the motor shaft 33, a pin 65, that extends transversely through the hub, occupying the notch 35 in the motor shaft. By this means a driving connection is effected between the atomizing cup andmotor shaft which is readily established by simply lowering the cup in place,

the upwardly fia-red Walls 36 of said notch.

-It will be noted, especially from Figs.y 4 and 6, that the supporting member 62 is provided with a series of openings 66 that overhang the shoulder 67 that. is formedibetween the enlarged upper end of the atomizing cup and the receiving end 6() thereof. The receiving end and bowl of the cup are upwardly divergent and the latter is flared outwardly at its upper or discharge end to provide a lip 68. Surrounding the receiving end of the cup, a short distance above the baiiie 59, is What we shall term an oil slinger 69 Whose function it is to arrest upward How of oil about the exterior of said end of the cup and return it to the reservoir, thus preventing its escape into the housing of the top unit assembly.

To protect the interior of the atomizing cup from the intense heat of the products of combustion in the irebox a3 of the furnace, a so-called cooling bell occu ies the cup, and said bell has a cover` 71 wliich extends a material distance beyond its periphery and is of considerably greater diameter than the atomizing cup. A ring 72 is spaced below the overhangmg portion of the cover 71 and is connected thereto by fastening means 7 3, a Ventilating space 74 being thus provided between said ring 72 and the edge portion of the cover 71. The bottom of the bell 70 is spaced from the supporting member 62 by thimbles 75, and said thimbles have threaded bores for the reception of screws 76 that secure the bell and the supporting member 62 to the head 63. Rivets 77 connect the edged portion of the supporting member 62, the shouldered portion 67 of the atomizing cup, and a ring 78 together, said ring, in turn, having secured to its peripheral portion, as by rivets 79, a shell 80 which extends upwardly about the atomizing cup and immediately below the lip 68 thereof is equipped with radial fan blades 81.

The bottom and top unit assemblies 1 and 2 are secured together by screws 85, and the portions of their respective walls 8 and 40 that are in engagement with each other are provided with large registering openings 86, as best shown in Figs. 5 and 7. The wall 8 has smaller openings 87 immediatel adjacent the motor casing and throug these smaller openings the interior of the bottom unit assembly communicates with a space 88 provided by the elevated central portion of the wall 40. It will be noted that the central opening of said wall 4() is approximately of the same diameter as the reentrant portion 57 of the reservoir 55, and that the top of said reentrant portion is open to the interior of the receiving end 60 of the atomizing cup. The purpose of this will later appear.

A pilot burner 90, preferably a gas burner, is located within the lower front portion of the hearth 3 and the same is connected to a gas supply line 91 that includes a mixer 92 through which primary air is admitted to the burner. The line 91 is shown as including also a dirt trap 93.

Current is supplied to the motor 30 through suitable conductors (not shown) and when said motor is energized it Whirls the atomizing cup at a relatively high rate of speed, the direction of rotation being from left to right as the parts are viewed in Fig. 1. By reason of the gradual upward divergence of the receiving end and bowl of the cup, the oil, through centrifugal action, is caused to travel up the receiving end of the cup, through the openings 66, and upwardly across-the inner surface of the cups bowl in a thin film to the discharge end or lip 68 from which it is hurled outwardly in a spray or unit assembly about the motor 30, through the holes 87, space 88, the interior of the reentrant portion 57 of the oil reservoir and through the same openings 66 of the supporting memberthrough which the oil rises into the bowl, and the major portion of this air that rises through the cup, is hurled outwardly and intermixed with the oil, while the remaining part passes out through the ventilating space 74 between the ring 72 and the overhanging edge portion of the cover 71 to properly ventilate the same.A Additional air is drawn upwardly through the relatively large openings 86 and through the houslng of the top unit assembly and out by way of the central opening 46 in the upwardly extended portion of the top wall 43. In other Words, the fan comprising the blades 81 acts to induce a draft of air upwardly through the oil reservoir, the interior of the cup and the Ventilating space of the cooling bell, and a second draft of air upwardly about the exterior lof the reservoir and atomizing cup. This entraining of the air about the burner parts has the tWo advantages: first, that of maintaining the burner parts relatively cool;

and, secondly, that of preheating the air so that it will have a vaporizing effect upon the fuel oil. Thus, in our improved burner, the oil is not only atomized by mechanical means, but vaporized by thermal action. Immediately after the motor is started and the oil and air are hurled outwardly into the conlines of the hearth, the combustible mixture is ignited by the pilot burner 90 and is deflected upwardly by the rim of the hearth.

By forming the rim of the hearth with the groove 48a in the plane of the discharge end or lip 68 of the atomizing cup, so that the mixture of oil and air is hurled into said groove, a Aturbulence is set up that greatly enhances combustion, rendering it practically complete.

The air supply may be varied in order to .obtain the most elficient mixture and a satisfactory flame by the adjustment of the air control damper 20, in the manner hereinbefore described.

An lmportant fcaturc of our improve` ments is the use of so-calledy stainless steel-which is an alloy, largely of iron, having a chromium content of from 10% to` 20%-for the cooling bell 70, and mol'e especially for its cover 71. low heat conductivity, low heat capacity, and high heat resistivity. 'lhese qualities make it peculiarly suited to our purpose.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is:

1. In oil burning apparatus, the combina- This metal is of Larnaca tion of an oil container surrounding an air flue, an atomizing element having a hollow upwardly diverging receiving end dipping into the container about said air flue, means for rotating the atomizing element, and a fan associated with said element.

2. In oil burning apparatus, the combination of an oil container surrounding an air flue, an atomizing element having a hollow upwardly diverging receiving end dipping into the oil container about said flue, a centrifugal fan associated with the atomizing element, and means for rotating the atomizing element and fan.

3. ln oil burning apparatus, the combination of an oil container, driving mechanism below the same, the Container having its bottom formed with an elevated portion provided with an aperture, an atomizing element having an upwardly diverging receiving end dipping into the container, a fan associated and operating withsaid element for drawing air upwardly through said aperture, and driving connections between said element and the driving mechanism passing through said aperture.

a. lin oil burning apparatus, the combination of a reservoir having its bottom formed with 'a reentrant portion provided with an air-emitting opening at its top, an atomizing element having va hollow upwardly' diverging receiving end dipping into the reservoir about said reentrant portion, and means for rotating the atomizing element.

5. ln oil burning apparatus, the combination of a reservoir having its bottom formed with a reentrant portion that is provided with an air-emitting opening at its top, an atomizing element having a hollow upwardly diverging receiving end dipping into the reservoir about said reentrant portion, a centrifugal fan associated and rotatable with the atomizing element, and means for rotating the atomizing element.

6. ln oil burning apparatus, the combination of a reservoir having its bottom formed with a reentrant portion that is provided with an air emitting opening at its top, an atomizing element having a hollow upwardly diverging receiving end dipping into the reservoir about said reentrant portion, a fan associated and operating with said element, and means extending upwardly through said reentrant portion for rotating the atomizing element.

7. 1n oil burning apparatus, the combination of a reservoir having its bottom formed with a reentrant portion that is provided with.

an air-emitting opening at its top, an atomizing element having a hollow upwardly diverging receiving end dipping into the reservoir about said reentrant portion, a baille within the reservoir surrounding the receiving end of the atomizing element, and means or rotating the atomizing element.

with an air-emitting opening at its top, an

atomizing element having a hollow upwardly diverging receiving end dipping into the res'- ervoir about said reentrant portion, a bame l within the reservoir and surrounding the re ceiving end of the atomizing element, and means extending upwardly through said -reentrant portion for rota-ting the atomizmg element.

9. in oil burning apparatus, the combination of a reservoir having its bottom formed with a reentrant portion th at is provided with an opening at its top, an atomizing element having a hollow upwardly diverging' receiving end depending into the reservoir about said reentrant portion, a baffle within the reservoir surrounding and spaced from the receiving end of the atomizing element, an oil slinger carried by the receiving end of the atomizing element and overhanging the upper end of the baille, and means for rotating the atomizing element.,

l0. in oil burning apparatus, the combination of an open-top reservoir surrounding an air flue, an atomizing cup whose peripheral wall merges into an integral depending and upwardly diverging sleeve-like extension, a perforated bottom set within the cup at its junction with said extension, means connected to'said bottom for rotatably supporting the cup with said extension in the reservoir, a fan associated and operating with said cup, and means for rotating the atomizing cup.

l1. ln oil burning apparatus, the combination of an open-top reservoir having its bottom Jformed with a reentrant portion that is also open at the top to provide an air emitting opening, an atomizing cup formed with an upwardly diverging sleeve-like receiving end that extends into th-e reservoir about said reentrant portion, draft inducing means as- Sociated and operating with said cup, and rotating means extending upwardly through the reentrant portion of the reservoir and having driving connection with the atomiz# ing cup.

12. In oil burning apparatus, the combination of an open-top reservoir having its bottom formed with an open-top reentrant portion providing an air flue, an atomizing cup formed with an upwardly diverging sleevelike receiving end, a supporting member sustaining the cup with its receiving end in the reservoir about said reentrant portion, draft inducing means associated and operating with said cup and rotating means extending upwardly through the reentrant portion of the reservoir and having driving connection with said supporting member.

13. In oil burning apparatus, the combination of an open-top reservoir having its bottom formed with a reentrant portion that is tion providing an air flue, a drive shaft disposed axially of said reentrant portion, an

atomizing cup formed of sheet metal and comprising a bowl and a receiving end there below that is of lesser diameter than the bowl l thereby to form a shoulder between said said drive shaft, draft inducing means associated and operating with said cup, and driving connections between said hub member and said shaft.

l5. In oil burning apparatus, the combination of a rotatably supported atomizing cup,

e a fan surrounding said cup and rotatable therewith, a cooling bell within the cup and spaced from the bottom and peripheral wall thereof, a cover for said bell extending outwardly over the fuel discharging lip of the cup, and a ring supported below and in spaced relation to the edge portion of said cover.

16. In oil burning apparatus, the combinationl of top and bottom u nit assemblies consiting of intercommunicating casings, a Inoto supported within` the bottom unit assembly with its shaft projecting upwardly into the top unit assembly, the top Wall of the latter assembly having an opening in line with the motor shaft, an annular oil reservoir surrounding an air flue and situated Within l the top assembly about the motor shaft, an

atomizing Vcup arranged within the opening of said top wall with its discharging end above the' same and its receiving end extending into the oil reservoir, fan blades surrounding the cup and rotatable therewith, driving connections between the atomizing cup and the motor shaft, and means for admitting air to the bottom unit assembly, said air, by the action of the fan blades, being entrained upwardly about the motor, a part of said air passing through the casing of the top unit assembly and outwardly through the opening in the top Wall thereof, and a part through the aforesaid air flue.

17 In oil burning apparatus, the combination of top and bottom unit assemblies consisting of intercommunicating casings, a motor supported within the bottom unit assembly with its shaft projecting upwardly into thetop unit assembly, the top wall of the latter assembly having an opening in line with the motor shaft, an annular oil reservoir surrounding an air flue and situated withinthe top assembly about the motor shaft, an atomizing cup arranged within the opening of said top Wall with its discharge end above the same and its receiving end extending into the oil reservoir, fan blades surrounding the cup and rotatable therewith, driving connections between the atomizing cup and the motor shaft, means for admitting air to the bottom. unit assembly, said air, by the action of the fan blades, being entrained upwardly about lthe motor, a part of said air passing through the casing of the top unit assembly and outwardly through the opening in the top wall thereof and a part through the aforesaid air flue, and an air control damper for regulating the amount of air admitted to the bottom unit assembly.

18. In oil burning apparatus, the combination of upper and lower unit assemblies consisting of intel-communicating casings, driving mechanism Within the lower unit assembly, the top wall of the upper assembly having an opening, an annular oil reservoir surrounding an air flue and situated within the upper unit assembly, an atomizing cup arranged Within the opening of said wall with its discharge end spaced above said wall and its receiving end extending into the oil reservoir, driving connections between the cup and said mechanism, a centrifugal fan carried by the atomizing cup and having its blades disposed between the dischargev end of the cup and said top Wall whereby its action will draw air through said air flue and through the opening in the top wall of the upper assembly, means for delivering fuel to the reservoir, and an air supply conduit leadin into the bottom unit assembly.

19. n oil burning apparatus, the combination of top and bottom unit assemblies consisting of intercommunicating casings, legs adjustably connected to the bottom unit assembly for supporting the same, driving mechanisin within the bottom unit assembly havin a shaft extending upwardly into the top unit extending into the oil reservoir, a centrifugal fan carried by the atomizing cup and having its blades disposed between the discharging lend of the cup and saidxtop wall, a cover eX- tending over the cup and projecting outwardly over the fan blades, means for delivering fuel to the reservoir, a hearth surrounding the upper portion of the top unit assembly in operative relation to the atomizing cup,

an air supply conduit leading into the bottom unit assembly, and an air control damper adjustable with respect to the outer end of the air supply conduit for regulating the amount of air admitted through said conduit, the air admitted through the action of the centrifugal fan being entrained upwardly about the motor and about the oil reservoir and through the aforesaid opening about the atomizing cup.

20., ln a rotary oil burner, the combination of a motor so positioned that its shaft projects upwardly, an annular oil reservoir surrounding and spaced radially from the upwardly projecting motor shaft thereby to provide an air izing cup arranged with its receiving end in the oil reservoir, said cup being operatively connected to the motor shaft, and draft inducing means associated and operating the said cup.

2l. ln a rotary oil burner, the combination of a motor arranged with its shaft vertical, an annular oil reservoir surrounding oand spaced radially from the upwardly projecting motor shaft thereby to provide an air flue about the same, an atomizing cup supported by the motor shaft with its receiving end dipping into the oil reservoir, and draft inducing means associated and operating with said cup.

22. In a rotary oil burner, the combination of a motor so positioned that its shaft projects upwardly, an annular oil reservoir surrounding` the upwardly projecting inotor shaft, an atomizing cup arranged with .its receiving end in the oil reservoir, operative connections between the motor shaft and cup., and a baie in the reservoir surrounding and spaced from the receiving end of the c up..

23. In a rotary oil burner, the combniation of a motor so positioned that its shaft projects upwardly, an annular oilreservoir surrounding the upwardly projecting motor shaft, an atomizing cup arranged with its receiving end in the oil reservoir, operative connections between the motor shaft and cup, a balile in the reservoir surrounding and spaced from the receiving end of the cup, and an oil slinger carried by the cup above the ballie.

24. In a rotary oil burner, the combination of a housing having an opening in its top, a motor supported in the housing with its shaft vertically disposed, an annular oil reservoir surrounding the upwardly projecting motor shaft, an atomizing cup arranged with its discharge end above the housing and its receiving end in the oil reservoir, a fan surrounding and rotatable with the cup, and operative connections between the cup and 'motor shaft, said fan acting to draw air through the housing and induce a draft upwardly through the oil reservoir and the interior of the cup 'and a second draft upflue about the saine, an atomanimee wardly about the exterior of the reservoir and cup,

25. lln a rotary oil burner, the combination of a houshing having an opening in its top, a hearth surrounding said' opening, a motor supported in the housing with its shaft vertically disposed, an annular oil reservoir surrounding and spaced radially from the upwardly projecting motor shaft thereby to provide an air flue about the same, an atomizing cup arranged with its discharge end above the hearth and its receiving end in the oil reservoir, a fan surrounding and rotatable with the cup above the housing, and. operative connections between the cup and motor shaft.

26. In a rotary oil burner, the combination of a housing having an opening in its top, a motor supported in the housing with its shaft vertically disposed, an annular oil reservoir surrounding the upwardly projecting motor shaft, an atomizing cup arranged with its discharge end above the housing and its receiving end in the oil reservoir, a cooling bell arranged in a position to protect the interior of the cup from the heat of the products of combustion, said bell having a Ventilating space, a fan surrounding and rotatable with the cup, and operative connections between the cup and motor shaft, said fan acting to induce a draft of air upwardly through the oil reservoir, the interior of the cup and the Ventilating space of the cooling bell and a second draft of air upwardly about the eX- terior of the reservoir and atomizing cup.

In testimony whereof, we hereunto aiix our signatures.

LEE S. CHADWICK.

MARC RESEK. JOHN ALGER DAHLSTROM.

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