US1901271A - Liquid fuel burner - Google Patents

Description

March 14, 1933. w, E, TAF 1,901,271

I LIQUID FUEL BURNER 4 Filed May 51, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I bus'tion will. .the combustion c am opne supply provision of a Patented Mar. 14, 1933 gi'l'ATES,

PTENT orrics i i CHUSETTS,

A CORPORATION OF GHUSEITS LIQUID FUEL BURNER Application filed Kay 81,

This inventionrelates to oil burners of the type wherein liquid fuel is vaporized in an open top channel or trough and burns in the space between perforated combustion tubes or chimneys that surround the channel opening and extend upwardly thereabove In large burners of the present type, it is desirable to admit liquid fuel, as oil, into the m vaporizing channel at a plurality of s ocations to insure a uniform distribution of vapor throu bout the channel so that come uall good at all parts of or between the'perforated tubes. Such an arrangement in the past has necessitated the use of a plurality b of oilipes and separate connections be-' tween t em and'the source of fuel sup ly, which thereb increases. the cost of insta lation of the urner and makes the burner troublesome to clean if carbon should form around the openings of the separate pipes.

It is an ob ect of the present invention to provide a burner wherein the oil from but ipe is introduced into the vaporizing cham r at a plurality of spaced locations.

A further ob'ect of the invention is the burner having a vaporizing channel provided with ofiset pockets into which the fuel the main portion of the fuel is vaporized.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a burner rovided with a plurality of vaporizing poc ets and fuel entrances thereto that are so arranged that they can be maintained clean and free from carbon in a convenient manner.

A yet further ob'ect of the invention is the provision of'a urner having a vapor channel provided with oflset fuel vaporizing pockets and air passe es located between the pockets, together wit a ca which forms a cover for the channel and t e pockets and has openings therein which are in register with the air passages between the pockets.

I provide'the burner with an electric heating element which is carried on the bottom wall of the vaporizin channel to'heat and vaporize the fuel in t e burner to facilitate starting.

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simultaneously, so that the vapor urn as soon as sufiicient amounts thereof are burner embodying is introduced and in which 1930. semi m.- asasse A yet further object of the inventibn is the prov1s1on of a plurality of heat-transfer ribs connecting the channels, in addition to the gas-condults therebetween, so that the heat of one channel is transmitted readily to another channel, to assist in the ready vapor:

Itis a further object of the resent invention to provide the burner wit v5 or igniting'means'which is associated wit the circult of the electric heating elements and which is so arranged that both are operated begins to generated.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a burner having a vapor channel provided with vaporizing pockets therein and air passages between the ockets, and an electric ignition device that is located in one of the air pockets and serves to i the vapor rising from the opening 0 the vaporchannel. i

A further object of the invention is generally to improve the construction and operation of liquid fuel burners.

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the base of a the present invention with the combustion tubes removed.

Fi 2 is a sectional elevation of the burner ta on along line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

.Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of the burner ta on along line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

ization of the oil and the starting of the burner.

ite

Fig. 5 is a sectional detail taken along line 55 rangement provides a very sim 60 said branches trically spaced therefrom angularly-spaced upstanding inner walls 26 located about a common center and a horizontal bottom wall 28 that provide between them a fuel vapor- 5 izing channel 30'which is wide in radial extent and is open at the top. A plurality of, and as here shown, four e ui-angularly spaced and inwardly directe vaporizing pockets 32 communicate with said vaporizing channel and are formed by the relatively closely spaced upstandin radial walls 34 which are connected at their outerends with the arcuate walls 26 and at their inner ends with a vertical boss or hub 38, the pockets being closed at the boss andfreely open into the channel. The cooperating walls 34 and 26, and the boss 38, form segment-shaped vertical air passages 40 which are'located between the pockets 32 and also between the boss and the channel 30 and are open at the top and also at the bottom of the burner base. I

The channels 20 and "30 are spaced apart by an air passage 42 which is concentric with said channels and is open at the top and the bottomv of the burner base. A plurality of, and as here shown, four equi-angularlyspa-ced webs 44, extend across the air passa e and have ducts open nto both channels so that the vapor generated in the vaporizing channel can flow 'into the vapor channel 20 and fill it uniformly. Other ribs 47 extend. across the annular 'air passage and connect the rings containing the channels and are solid. Said ribs 47, together with the ribs 44, serve to conduct heat from the vaporizing channel to the vapor channel, especially when the walls of the vaporizing channel are heated electrically, as will be explained hereinafter to facilitate vaporization of fuel. when starting the burner in operation, liquid fuel at this time being in bothchannels. The central boss 38 is provided witha vertical passage 48 which extends completely therethrough and so is open at the top. ed in the lower end of said passage and extends to a suitable source of liquid oil supply, not shown. Small oil passages or 50 branches 54 pass dia onally outwardly through the boss from %he passage therein into the inner ends of the vaporizing ockets 32 so that oil is introduced from said pipe 50 into the end of each pocket. This arle and reliable meansfor distributing t e oil in a lurality of s aced locations mto the vaporizin channe 30. When the burner is. in stea y operation, the oil that passesthrough 54 is vaporized mainl in the vaporizing pockets 32 so that the y of the channel 30 1s filled mainly with oil va r."

At this time there Wlll be no liquid 0" in the channels 20 and 30. Projections 55 up- 6 stand from the bottom wall 28 in the'vapor- 46 therein which An oil pipe 50 is thread- .with the passages freely through the disc into' the interior of the combustion-tube 64; The electric heatizing wick 57 in position therein when the use channel and serve to retain an igniting I of such wick is considered desirable to facilitate ignition. of the oil.

A cap 56 is seated upon the to of thewall 26 and extends radially over the open top of the vaporizing channel 30 and terminates in confronting and spaced relation with the outer wall 24 whereby to provide the channel with an annular opening 58 of reduced radial extent. The cap is provided with a plurality of segment shaped openings orapertures 60 therethrough which correspond and are in register with the air passages 40 so that the air passing upwardly through said passages can enter the burner above the top of the cap. Preferably the cap is provided with depending prqections 62 which fit between the walls 34 of the vaporizing 6 pockets adjacent the boss 38 for the purpose of holding the cap with the openings 60 therein in register with the. passages 40 of the burner base. The cap is also seated on the walls 34 and the top of the boss 38 and forms a closure for the oil passage 48 in the boss, the level of oil in the passage always standing below the cap. The cap sup orts a'perforated cylindrical combustion tu e 64 which upstands thereabove at the inner side of the annular passage 58. A similar outer combustion tube 66 is supported on the wall 24 and is spacedradially from the tube 64 and provides an annular combustion chamber68 in which the fuel vapors rising from the opening 58 of the vaporizing chamber are burned. Similar tubes 70 and 72 surround and upstand channel 20 and provide a combustion chamber 74 therebctween. The top" of the tube 64 is closed by a cover 76 which is secured to thecap 56 by a screw 78 so that the cover, the cap and the tube 64 are united and can be removed as a .unit for inspection or cleanin The annular opening between the tu s 66 and 70 is closed by an annular ring above the open top of the vapor 80. This arrangement closes the to s of the between the tubes an so conair passages strams the air to flow through the perfo- M of a centrally apertured disc containing an internal resistance element and is secured vaporization of the liquid fuel in the va- 7 I porizmg chamber 30 is initiated by an-electric heating element 82 which is in the form' against the bottom wall 28 of the vaporizing c amber by plates 84 which underlie the disc and are secured removabl 86 of the burner base.

a circular passage 88 in which is disposed beneath and is in register 40 so that air can flow he heater disc has to de endin lugs the middle thereoi ing element is adapted to be energized from a suitable'source of electric power as the v lighting or power mains of a house onl unend of said plug is extended so t heating element an intermediate combustion tube 64 is base when the cover 76 and the til sufiicient vapor is given off to permit the starting of combustion. The heat of combustion is then sufiicient to continue the va-- porization.

In accordance with this is provided to ignite the vapor electrically coincidentally with the electric vaporization thereof. Saidmeans includes a high resistance electric conductor 88 which is arranged in spiral form in the end of an insulated support or plug 90 that-is secured removably by a strap 92 to the generator cap 56. The

roh which the at the spiral igniting conductor is freely exposed to the combustible mixture in the combustion space 68. The plug is provided with-a depend ing insulating extension 93 that is located in one of the apertures of the generator cap 56 and in one of the passages 4.0 that is in register with said aperture. The bottom end of the plug is provided with terminals 94 that are in removable engagement with terminals 96 of a contact base 98 which base is secured, see Fig. 5, to a depending leg 100 of the burner base and is located under the plug. The connection between the plug and the base is detachable so that the lug 90 is removed from its connection with t e contact associated cap 56 are withdrawn from the burner. The igniting conductor 88 is adapted to be associated with the circuit" of the heating element 82 so as to be energized concurrently therewith. In Fig. 6, it is shown as being in series with the heating element so that when the switch 101 is closed, the circuit from the source of ower 102 through the igniting conductor is completed. Obviously, the igniting conducinvention, means vided with an aperture throu tor can be connected in multiple with the heating element, if desired. The igniting conductor is adapted to operate at a temperature sufiiciently high to ignite the combustible mixture in the chamber 68 as soon as the heating element 82 has generated sufiicient vapors to form a combustible mixture. After the combustion has progressed for a sufiicient period of time for the heat thereof to maintain the work-of vaporization, the heating element and igniting conductor can be tie-energized. With this arrangement, the

ignition of the combustible mixture is performed automatically and without any separate operation and also without, the necessity for special circuits and apparatus and thereby greatly facilitates the use of the burner.

Certain features of construction herein shown are described and claimed in my coelement dis osed nding application Serial No. 457,855,'filed I claim:

- 1.'A liquid fuel burner having a vaporizing channel that has an opening at the top, spaced combustion tubes surrounding and upstandin above said opening, an electric heating e ement .located in a position to heat and vaporize the liquid fuel in said channel, and a resistance conductor disposed within the bottom of the space between said tubes and immediately above the open top of said channel in position to ignite the fuel vapors at the time they issue from said open top said heating element and resistance conductor being connected together for concurrent energization.

2. A liquid fuel burner comprising a base having a va orizing channel that has an opening at t e top, combustion tubes surrounding and upstanding above said 0 ening a cap which rests removably on said ase and constitutes a support for one of said tubes, an electric heating element located in position to heat and vaporize the liquid fuel in said channel, and an electric resistance conductor in the circuit of said heat ing element and adapted to be heated by the current passing therethrough and disposed in position to ignite the fuel va or, said resistance conductor being earned by and being removable with said cap and aving terminals, and a terminal connector carried by said base and with which said terminals removably en ge.

' 3. A liquid fuel ing'channel that has an opening at the top, combustion tubes surroun ing and upstanding above said opening, an electric eating in osition to heat and vaporize the uel in said channel, and an 'elec* tric resistance conductor in series with said resistance element and adapted to be highly heated by the current passlng through'said element and located immediately above said channel in the space between said combustion tubes and in osition to ignite the vapor as they issue rom said topopening, said resistance conductor havin a concensource of heat.

burner having a vaporiz-' 4. A liquid fuel-burner having a base provided with an air passage and an annular open-top va orizing channel therein which encloses sai air (passage, spaced combustion tubes surroun ing the open top of said channel and providing a combustion chamber between them, a removable ca overlying said base and a portion of sai channel and constituting a carrier for one of said tubes, an electric resistance conductor carried b said removable cap and extended throng one of said tubes into said-combustion chamber and also beingi-idowm 'wardly extended into said air passage,and ii30 grovided with terminals which are carried y said cap, and an electric heating element carried by said base in position-to heat and vaporize the fuel in said channel and hav- 5 in fixed terminals which are carried by said base and are detachably engaged by said resistance conductor terminals.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

WILLIAM EDWARD TAFT.

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