US1997348A - Oil burner apparatus - Google Patents

Description

April 1935- o. c. SCHROEDER Er AL 1,997,348

OIL BURNER APPARATUS Original Filed Oct. 26, 1932 '7 26 2 2 J9 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 InvefzZans.

ramean eefless V U ER APPARATUS7 Oscar Cgschroedergand Stanley ,Perry,Chicago,- r Ill said Perryassignor to Automatic Burner Corporation, Chicago, 111., a corporation of Illinois Originalapplication ctober'26,1932,-Serial No. v 639,685. Divided and this applicatlon 'ApriI3, i

v 1933, Serial, No. 664,217 1 h Our invention relates to oil burner structures of the type comprising upwardly extending'sh'ells,

.;, betweenthem a combustionehamber andymore commonly of cylindrical form andfspa'ced apart', certain thereofxrbeing perforated, "and forming especially, though not exclusively, to burnersv of the typereferred toinwhich wicks are located at thebottoms ofthecombustion' chambersffor absorbing oil supplied thereto and which isignited at thelwicks :by the operator for the pr s heating of the burners; ,thejtype of ,burner'sto which, this invention more particularly relates being the type which are locatedin the fire pots of ranges, stoves, or the like, and are-commonly referred to as range burners, the subject matter of the present application constituting a division of our application for United" States Letters PatentSerialNo. 639,685,'fi1ed October 26, 1932.

Heretofor'e the constructions of burner appara; tus of this type and employing wicks have been such that the lighting of the wicks is effected by,

the introductionof atorch or taperdownwardly through the top of the burner structure, which .is not only an awkward Way i of lighting" the burner but is often inconvenient and often re suits in objectionable displacementof parts of the burner and is generally regardedin practice as an objection much desiredto be overcome,

this objection being more pronounced instoves,

ranges, or'the like, without cover lids, and requ'iringthe useof a torch ortapergfor the'lighting of :the wicks, whichisintrodueed downwardly into the {combustion chamber through door in the side of the stoveor range.

1 Oneof our objects is to-provide for the simple and easy lighting of the ,wickof oil'burners especially when I installed in" stoves, ranges, or

"the like, and without requiringthe introduction "of" the lighting element into the combustion chambers through their tops and without disturbing the" shells or cover plates at the tops thereof when formed or separate parts. p j Another object is to provide improvements in burner structures to theend that theburner will become quickly conditioned, after lighting, for -norn1al*functioning. l i i Another object is to accomplish such quick conditioning 0f the burner for normal function- 'ing the case of a burner formed of'aplurality of combusti'on chambers -locatedone within the other and other objects "as will be manifest from the following description. 1 I -Referring to the accompanying drawings;

" "Figure -1'is a view' in'front elevationofan oil burner embodying. my inventionshowing it installed: in astovei11ustrated invertiealsectional f elevation.

Figure 2 is a broken sectiontaken atlthe line i i 2 chi-Fig. 1 and viewed in th'ebdirection of' the arrow, the burner beingshown in side elevation. -I Figure- 3 is an enlargedfragmentary sectional view of one of the similar burners, the section,

beingtaken at the line 3 on Fig. 1 and viewed in ,thegdirection of the arrow. i

I Figure 4 is "a broken view in elevation of a burner showing another "embodiment of the invention.

Figure5 is ajplan View of theburner assembly Figure: 6 is a'"p1an view of one of the similar burner heads of Fig 5 with certain parts re;

inovedq a Figure "7 "is anenlarged broken sectional view,

taken at the line "I onFig." 5 an dfvieweld in the direction of thearr'ow: i a Figure 8 is anenlarg'edbroken sectional view takenat the line 8 on Fig. 5 and viewed in the direction of thearrow. t

Figure 19 is an enlarged plan View showing a modification of the burner assembly; and

fiFigure 10, an] enlargedbrokendeveloped sec,- tional View taken at' the line ID on 1Fig. 6 and viewed the filleqtlOl lflf the arrow. N {Referring to the construction shown in Figs.

1, 2, 3,5, 6, 7, 8 and 10,-gll represents, by way of 'example, arange generallyof common-"confstruction and presenting an elongatedfire pot [2 extending lengthwise: across one end of the range and an oven [3 at the other end thereof, the outer sidewall of the fire pot LIZ which ex,- tends acrossthe adjacent end of the range having an opening controlled-by a door l5 hingedly supported at its lower edgeias representedatflfi andshown as provided with a substantially verticalbalileplate extending into the opening f4.

Located in theme pot I2 is an oil burner embodying my invention and shown as comprising 'two oil burner heads l8 alike in construction and which ,extendin a series lengthwise of the TjIirepot-IZ. a

fsubstantially in thehorizontal plane of'the openi edt a j, i

Thefburner heads [8 are shown as, supplied The burner heads are shown as supported on a j j plate l9 which, in turn, isfsupported at legs!!! 'withfuelfat the rear thereof (viewing thelstruc- I "ture as in Fig; 1*)Ihle oil may befsupplied to the burner heads inany desirable way and under and presenting terminal outlet pipes 23 which open into the rear portions of the burner heads i8.

The particular burner heads l8 illustrated are of the same general construction as the burner heads shown and described in cur pending application for United States Letters Patent Serial No. 497,314, filed November 21 lBSQeach involve ing a base ring 24 having upturned flanges .25 and'26 at its inner and outer peripheries, with its base portion upwardly, deflected as represented at 2?, except at the zone represented at 28 at" which the, oil feed pipe? discharges upwardly into the burner head, a ring 29 having depending ane nular flanges 30' and 3! anertured at intervals along their lower Ledges .and superposing the deflected por ion andwithwhich latter and the flan es Ziand; 26 formin troughs. show as containing annular wicks 32 and 33,, and four p rfor e y i dr al h lls 34, 35, .35 an 1 tending one within the other and spaced apart and telescoped with the flanges 25, and 2,6 and th a e 3,0. and-31M. the r n .9, the shells 34 and 35 forming the side walls of'an inner comus ien ch mb r 3.8 and he hells at and 3.! forming the side walls of an outer combustionlchamhe 33 t nnu ar space, be w en heshells an 3 op nin at. t ow r end to the at,-

rnosphere through an annular series of pipes one o ich, ie-r resented t 4Q, wh reby omb q -s p lt i eai suppli d throu h th shells 35 and 36 to the combustionchambers 38 and 39.

A Q-V l" re a emt senieda ext nds O h nnu ar chamberf rm d by the h lls; 35 and 38 and the combustion chamber 3.8 and is ap u e as r rese ted. at torenclerv h top of the lamhe 3. o en.

The burner shown isstarted into operation by the operator igniting the oil; on the outer wicl gfi; 33 and Supplied h e h qils t e pi the appara u t he end ,oi m ins of the: ea y and e d l g n o hew ks nvol ng h pr si n o n ening 3 he; front-si e o a h shel 31 adj ce t lower dge an hu substantially in line. with the upper dge of; the icks 33,, us r ich he Q eretQsr chns t rou h the open M n t e fi potwal ss min e 0 '5V o, hav b en pre s op ne inserts a a h, rethe su table i h r ing means, forigniting the oilonthewick As, will be understood, shouldthe fuel used be highly volatile the wicksrnay be. dispensed; with,

in which case the fuel would be; ignited. by igniting the. vapor rising therefrom by any: suitable lighting means. introduced through the openm 1 The opening 43 is provided with a closure shown as the form of, a door 44, there being preferablyinterposed betweenthe door 44 and the "shell 31, av tubular casing 45. secured to the shell 3]; andito yz hich, the door 44 ishinged at;its upper ed e-as re ent d t a he hi se fi be n positioned at such a distance from the shell 3:! that, the swinging of the door 44. upwardly to open osi ion move e ond. de e ter a d thus remains. in. open;v position until swung by the q emtqr out f-th snos tiqn- According to the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 4, the removable closure memher for the opening 43, instead of being in the form of a hinged plate as in Figs. 1-3, is in the form of a slide which is represented at 41 and slides at its opposite vertical edges in vertical guides formed by angle plates 48 secured to the outer surface of the shell 31, the closure member 41 being provided with a projection 49 tobe enga ed. by the handof the operator to facilitate the opening and closing thereof.

Where theburner heads are of such construction or size asto render it necessary or advisable to introduce the oilinto the base member of the base at each oil inlet to permit flow of oil to all of the wick troughs) the parts of the apparatus "would be so positioned that the closure-equipped opening'in each outer shell and. corresponding with theopenings 43 of Figs. 3 and 4, would be located midway between adjacent ones of the oil inlets of each burner head. Thus, byway of example and'as shown in Fig; 9, where two oil inlets'for each burnerhead and shown-at 50 are provided in diametrically opposed position, the closure-equipped opening for each burner head Would'be located midway between the inlets 50. It may be here stated that the purpose of pro? viding, the opening 43 at a pointndiametrically opposed to. the single oil inlet as in the case of the construction shownin Figs. 1, 2 and5, and midway betweenthe oil inlets of a burner head where two such inlets are provided, as. in the case. of the construction shown in Fig. 9, is to provide for the igniting of the fuel at a point as far remote as. possiblefrom the oil inlet, or oil 'inlets, as the case maybe, thereby insuring the rapid propagation of the flame throughout the circumference of the combustion chamber and the rapid establishment, of uniform combustion conditions throughout the, circumference of the burner and which is of particular importance in constructions employing wicks as above described.

In the starting of the burner, wherein the ignitic-n flame is applied to the outer wick at the farthest point from the-oil inlet, the application of the heat by the ignition flame to. the. outer wick opposite the oil inlet tends to drawthe first vapors produced to that pointallowing that portion of the outer burner element (which contains less oil) to be preheated sufficiently in. advance of the oil inlet portion to overcome-the tendency. of the burner to developmore heat; near the oil, inlet sidedue to, the'greater amoun of oil contained at hat point Inc he words, the; app cat n o heat at the pointreferred to. establishes a. draft which'dra-ws more vaporto the side, ofithe outer burne el ment where theleast amount of oil: is

By the timeljthe fla me fully established f which the burner islighted by first lighting the inner wick, or lighting the burner at a point adjacent the oil inlet. If the inner wick islighted first there is a tendency of all of the vapors generated to be drawn to the center of the burner thereby delaying the J establishment of normal combustion conditions in the outer burner ring. Where the wick is ignited at the oil inlet there is, a tendency, due to the extra quantity of oil at the oilrinlet, bothgwhen priming and during the. oil

flow to replace thatwhich has been burned, to overheat the burner at this point when first lighted and the incoming oil to continue to burn at thispoint as in the case where theinner burner element is lighted first, this condition being possibly worse than the first as the heat is concentrated at one point, namely, at the oil inlet.

While the burner may eventually reach a balance it is generally necessary to flood the burner with oil to overcome this condition.

In either case, namely, lighting the inner wick first or lighting the burnerat the oil inlet, it requires from to minutes for full generation of the burner as compared with the relatively: short time required where the burner is constructed in accordance with my invention and,

operated as above described.

The oil supplying means is preferably adjusted to prevent the oil supplied to the burner from rising to a height sufficient to fill the space 28 which connects the two combustion chambers 38 and 39. The oil at the bottom of the outer combustion chamber 39 having become ignited,

the oil in the space 28 becomes vaporized with i the result that by reason of the propagation of the flame across the space 28 the oil at the inner wick 32 becomesignited, the lighting of the,

inner wick 32 from the-outer wick 33 quickly occurring upon lighting the outer wick, dueto the wide passage connecting the inner and outer. J

combustion chambers at 28 and which lends itself to the ready propagation of the fiame across this passage to the inner wick. A

The claim of this application is not directed to anyvfeature of the burner structure independent of the provision of a lighter opening in the outer side wall of the burner, as the novel features of the burner construction, regardless of the provision of the lighter opening, form the subject of our pending application Serial No. 497,314, filed November 21, 1930. f

While we have illustrated and described certain particular embodiments of our invention,

,we do not wish to be understood as intending to limit it thereto, as the same may be variously modified and altered and the invention embodied in other forms of structure ithout departing from the spirit of y the invention,

What we regard as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent isz An oil burner comprising a base member havmg spaced, continuous, innerand outer fuel groovesin the upper face thereof, coaxial, perforated, shells surmounting said base and cooperating with said fuel grooves to provide combustion chambers therefor, an oil supply for said grooves, a duct interconnectingsaid grooves adjacent said oil supply, said duct being sufficiently large to permit an igniting flame to pass from a said outer groove to said inner groove, igniting wicks in said fuel grooves, and an opening, in

said outer shell at a point farthest from said fuel supply and having a closure means, whereby,

upon starting, the wick in said outer groove may be ignited through said opening only after said j wick has become fully saturated, and wherebyv said inner wick will become ignitedthrough said connecting duct after the flame in the outer I groove has traversed said outer groove and materially preheated the entire burner outer groove inwardly.

OSCAR C. SCHROEDER.

STANLEY PERRY. 7

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