US1996544A - Brush - Google Patents

Description

D. B. JUSTICE April 2, 1935.

BRUSH Filed Jan. 8, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 W .w n.

` April 2, 1935. D. Jusna 1,996,544

BRUSH Filed Jan. 8, 1934 2 sheets-sheet 2 Bg @ma Jwzzf m (Ittornega Patented Apr. 2, 1935 UNITED sra'r BRUSH David B. Justice, Charleston, 0.

Application January s, 1934, seriai No. 705,789

1o claims. (ci. is-iss) The invention relates to improvements in brushes, more particularly in rotary brushes; and one of the objects of the invention is to provide new and improved means for securing the bristles in the holders.

.Another object of the invention is to provide new and improved means for mounting Vthe bristle holders in the brush.

A further object of the invention is to provide means by which any bristle holder can be removed and replaced easily and quickly. Still another object of the invention is to provide means by which the brush can be expanded, for the purpose of taking care of the wear of the bristles, or for other purposes.

Another object of the invention is to provide a construction which permits the bristle holders to bend, to prevent binding action between the bristles and the element being cleaned.

Another object of the invention is to provide means by which the bristle holders can be mounted parallel to the axis of the brush or at any desired angle with respect thereto.

Other objects of the invention are to simplify the structure of brushes, with the consequent lowering of the cost thereof; to increase the strength of brushes, and to extend the life thereof.

Various other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings; in which, f

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of one form of the brush; parts being shown in elevation.

Figure 2 is a detail perspective view of one of the bristle holders.

Figure 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on line 3 3 of Figure l.

Figure 4 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on line 4 4 of Figure l.

Figure 5 is a detail perspective view of one of the end clamping members.

Figure 6 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of another form of the brush.

Figure '7 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken on line l-l of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 6, but showing the brush partly expanded; and

Figure 9 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken on line 9-9 of Figure 8.

Referring to the drawings in more detail, and particularly to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, the numeral I indicates the shaft or stem of the brush. This shaft may be driven by a motor or by anyother desired means; the driving means being connected to the end l' ofthe brush shaft. As the means for driving the brushconstitutes no part of the present invention, illustrationV thereof is unnecessary. At this point it may be mentioned that while `the brush constituting the present invention' is particularly adapted to the cleaning of boiler tubes, andfor similar purposes, yet it will be apparent that the brush is of general application. And it will also be understood that the invention is in no manner limited vto the specific forms shown and describedhereinafter in detail, for it will be apparent the structures may be changed and .modified in many respects withoutl departing from the invention.

Numeral 2 refers to thek bristles, which are mounted in theholders 3. These bristles may be of any preferred material, but for the purpose of cleaning the interior of boiler tubes and for similar purposes wire bristles are preferably mployed. The bristle holders may be made of wood or metal.

In the preferred construction illustrated the bristles are doubled upon themselves and placed in sockets Il formed in the holders 3; andthe bristles are then locked in placeby means of a wire 5 Vwhich Vextends throughout thelength of the holder. In the specific form illustrated'there are two rows of bristles ineach vholder and, of coursetwo of the locking wires 5. The bristlesL of the two rows are preferably arranged in staggered relation, as illustrated in Fig. 2.

' The mounting `of the bristle holders will now be described, and while six holders are shown in both forms, yet it is to be understood that this number can be increased or decreased as desired. Numeral B refers to a driver member which may be xed to the shaft l by any desired means; though it is preferably pressed thereon. This center piece or driver member, if employed, is provided with a number of radially extending projections 'l forming therebetween recesses 3 to receive the bristle holders 3. In'the specific form illustrated there are six of the projections with six corresponding recesses to receive the rsix bristle holders; but of course the number of projections' and recesses will Vary with the number of bristle holders employed in a particular brush. While in certain constructions I` prefer to employ l the driver member, yet itis tobe understood that this element is not essential and may be omitted. Also, in some constructions it may be desirable to employ more than one driver member, vin which event lthe twoor more driver members would he uniformly spaced along the shaft.

- are slipped loosely over the ends of the shaft I into engagement with the tapered ends Il Vof the bristle holders, and the parts are then clamped together by nuts I2, I2, which are threaded on the ends of the shaft I.,` Where the brush is to be employed for such work as the cleaning of the interior of boiler tubes the nut I2 on the leading end of the brush may have a rounded nose to facilitate entrance into the tubes.

The end holders or locking members I 0, I Il, may be rounded if desired, 'and in such event the top faces of the tapered ends II of the bristle holders would be similarly rounded. In such a construction the bristle holders would be locked securely in place by the clamping action between the distance pieces 9 and the locking members I0, and the fiat bottom face of the holders would cooperate with the flat faces of the distance pieces. But in the form illustrated the interior of the locking members is also provided with fiat faces, indicated by numeral I3, which cooperate with the flat inclined faces I4; .thus holding all of the cooperating parts securely against relative movement.

By reference to Figure 1 it will be noted that when all of the parts are assembled there is a space I5 between the shaft I and the holders 3. This space adds a very desirable resiliency to the brush, and by'permitting the holders to bend prevents any binding action between the bristles and the interior surface of a boiler tube or other element being cleaned.

The brush illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, is assembled in the manner hereinbefore described. When it is necessary or desirable to replace some or all of the bristle holders, it is only necessary to back off the nuts I2, L2, so that the locking members Ill, I Il can be slipped back. Any one or all of the bristle holders can then be removed and replaced easily and quickly; whereupon the nuts I2, I2 are again screwed. up to clamp the parts in place, and the brush is again readyV for use. Y

While I have shown the bristle holders as extending parallel to the shaft I, yet it will be understood that they may be mounted to extend at anyvdesired angle with respect thereto, and also the holders may be curved, if desired, to give a spiral effect.

Reference is now to be had to the form of brush illustrated in Figs. 6, '7, 8 and 9. In this form I have provided an expandible brush of extremely simple construction. Several of the parts of this brush are the-same as the parts shown in the first-described form. Substantially the same shaft I is employed, except that it is threaded to a greater extent. The bristles 2 are mounted in the pockets 4 of bristle holders 3 by wires 5, just as described hereinbefore; though it is to be understood that in neither form is the invention limited to any specific mounting of the bristles. Also, the center piece or driving member 6, if

employed, is substantially the same as shown in the first-described form.

In the expandible form of brush the ends of the holders 3 are inclined inwardly as indicated by numeral IS; the inner and outer faces of these inclined portions being preferably parallel. These inclined ends cooperate with distance pieces II, I "I, and end holders or locking members IS, I8, by meansrof which the bristle holders are held in any desired position.

The distance pieces Il, I'I,` are preferably though not necessarily, threaded on the brush shaft I, and are locked in place by the lock nuts I SJ, I 9. In the specific form illustrated these distancepieces are roundl and tapered at the same angle as the'ends of the holders 3; it being understood that vin this specic construction the bottom faces of theends are rounded to fit the contour ofthe end pieces. If preferred, the end piece may have a plurality of flat faces to cooperate with flat bottom faces of the holders, as shown in the first-described form; but whether the end pieces are round or angular they are preferably tapered to cooperate with the inclined ends of the holders. y y l The end holders or locking membersV I8 are loosely mounted on the shaft/I and are s ubstantially the same asy the members IQ shown in the first-described form.` The interior ofthe members I8 may be round to cooperate with rounded end portions of the bristle holders, or they may be provided with angular faces to cooperate with hat end portions of the bristle holders; but in the expandible form of brush the rounded or angular interior of the locking members I8 is inclined or tapered to'cooperate with the inclined endsY IS of the bristle holders. The members I8 are secured in place by nuts 20, 20, threaded on the shaftl.

By referring to Fig. 6 it ,will be apparent that the parts are assembled in the same manner as hereinbefore described in connection with the first form. It will be understood, however, that in this expandibleform when a new brush is being assembled the distance pieces are rst adjusted along the shaft I to the proper position to give the required diameter. Usually in a new brush the distance pieces are so positioned that the brush will have substantially its smallest diameter.

The bristles gradually wear down and after a certain amount'of wear a brush becomes useless for cleaning the interior of boiler tubes and for similar work if the diameter of the brush cannotv be increased. In the expandible form this is accomplished quickly and easily. It is only necessary to back off the nuts 20, 20, slip back the members I8, I8, and remove the holders 3. The lock nuts I9, I9, are then unlocked and the distance pieces I1, II, are run out to such position that the outside diameter ofthe brush will be brought back to its original size. To assist in this adjustment a scale (not shown) may be provided on the shaft. The distance pieces are now locked in vplace by the lock nuts I9, I9, the bristle holders are placed in position, the locking members I8, I8, are slipped up to engage the ends of the bristle holders, kand all parts are then securely clamped together `by the nuts 20, The brush is shown in Fig. 8 as expanded to almost its greatest size. It will be understood that this construction permits a considerable amount of expansion, and several settingsmay be made to compensate for the wear of the bristles before renewing the holder. It will be ob- `to give a conical or tapering effect.

vious, however, that the bristle holders can be easily removed and replaced irrespective of the positions of the holders. While for ordinary operations both distance pieces will be xed in the same relative position, and will be given identical adjustments, so that the brush will have a cylindrical shape; yet for special work one distance piece may be moved farther than the other And it should also be mentioned that While the brush holders are shown as parallel to the shaft they may be mounted to extend at any angle with respect thereto, and if desired the holders may be curved to give a spiral effect, as mentioned hereinbefore in connection with the first-described form. Also, the driver member 6 may be omitted from the expandible form if desired, as previously mentioned in connection with the description of the rst form.

It will be apparent from the foregoing description, that the brushes constituting the present invention are simple in construction, inexpensive in manufacture, and possess numerous advantages over brushes heretofore known. And while I have described the specic construction of the brushes in detail, yet it is to be understood that many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention; and the specic forms shown are therefore to be considered merely as illustrative rather than in any limiting sense.

What I claim is:

1. A rotary brush including a shaft, a plurality of bristle holders, distance pieces mounted on said shaft, a driver member intermediate the distance pieces and fixed to said shaft against relative rotary movement, said driver member engaging the bristle holders, and means for clamping the bristle holders on said distance pieces.

2. A rotary brush including a shaft, a plurality of bristle holders, distance pieces mounted on said shaft, a driver member intermediate the distance pieces and fixed to said shaft against relative rotary movement, said driver member provided with recesses to receive the bristle holders, and means for clamping the bristle holders on said distance pieces.

3. A rotary brush including a shaft, a plurality of bristle holders, distance pieces mounted on said shaft against relative rotation with respect thereto, said distance pieces being angular to provide at faces, the bristle holders mounted on the distance pieces in spaced relation with respect to said shaft, the bottoms of the bristle holders having at faces coooperating with the at faces of the distance pieces, and a single clamping member at each end of the brush for clamping all of the bristle holders on said distance pieces.

4. A rotary brush including a shaft, a plurality of bristle holders, distance pieces mounted on said shaft, the ends of the bristle holders mounted on the distance pieces, a single locking member at each end of the brush, said locking members loosely mounted on said shaft beyond the distance pieces, nat faces provided on said locking members, said flat faces cooperating with the ends of the bristle holders to clamp the holders on the distance pieces, and nuts threaded on the shaft and securing the locking members in place.

5 A rotary brush including a shaft, a plurality of bristle holders extending longitudinally of and spaced from said shaft, a driver member xed to said shaft and engaging the bristle holders, and means for removably securing said bristle holders in place, said means including distance pieces fixed to said shaft, locking members loose- 1y mounted on said shaft, and nuts threaded on the shaft and securing the bristle holders in clamped relation between the distance piecesand the locking members.

6. A rotary expandible brush including a shaft, a plurality of bristle holders extending longitudinally of said shaft, the bristle holders having portions turned inwardly toward the shaft, distance pieces adjustably mounted on said shaft, the peripheral face of the distance pieces cooperating with the inturned portions of the bristle holders, means for clamping the bristle holders to the distance pieces, and means for adjusting the distance pieces to vary the position of the bristle holders. 7. A rotary expandible brush including a shaft, a plurality of bristle holders extending longitudinally of said shaft, the ends of the bristle holders inclined inwardly, distance pieces mounted on said shaft, the bristleV holders mounted on said distance pieces, means for clamping the bristle holders on the distance pieces, the peripheral faces of the distance pieces having substantially the same inclination as the ends of the bristle holders where the distance pieces contact with the bristol holders, and means for adjusting the distance pieces longitudinally of said shaft to expand the brush. 8. A rotary expandible brush including a shaft, a plurality of bristle holders extending longitudinally of said shaft, said bristle holders having inclined portions adjacent the ends thereof, means for removably and adjustably securing the bristle holders in place, said means including distance pieces mounted on the shaft, locking members mounted on the shaft beyond the distance pieces, the distance pieces and locking members having inclined portions cooperating with the inclined portions of the bristle holders, and means for adjusting the distance pieces and the locking members to adjust the position of the bristle holders. 9 A rotary expandible brush including a shaft, a plurality of bristle holders extending longitudinally of said shaft, a driver member xed to said shaft and engaging the bristle holders, said bristle holders having inclined portions adjacent the ends thereof, means for removably and adjustably se- .d

ing with the inclined portions of the bristle hold-f ers, and means for adjusting the distance pieces and the locking members to adjust the position of the bristle holders.

10. A rotary expandible brush including a shaft, a plurality of bristle holders extending longitudinally of said shaft, the bristle holders having inclined portions, distance pieces mounted on the shaft, said distance pieces having inclined portions cooperating with the inclined portions of the bristle holders, means for clamping the bristle holders on the distance pieces, and means for adjusting one of the distance pieces independently of the other distance piece to give any desired angle to the bristle holders.

DAVID B. JUSTICE.

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