US1994052A - Frame - Google Patents

Description

Marah 12,1935.

M. B. STONE FRAME Filed Dec. 14, 1955 ATTORNEYfi Patented Mar. 12, 1935 .i I

UNITED'STATES PATENT fOFFlCE FRAME Malcolm B. Stone, Milton, Masai, assignor' toLudtowtManufacturing Associates, Boston; Mass, rus ees .l

Application December 14, 1933, Serial No, 102,292 5; Claims. (01. 19-130) This invention relates to the drawing of tween the retaining rolls and, the drawing rolls fibers in the manufacture of yarn, and is cone ofthe frame is subjected to control by means cerned more particularly with a novel apparatus of a plurality of different devices'which engage for controlling and restraining the fibers inthat it, and these devices include apair of gripping 5 portion of the strand undergoing draft, as for and feeding means, each of which preferably 5 example, in drawing, roving, or spinning frames. takes the form of a pair of rolls. Each pair of The apparatus of the invention is specially rolls includes a driven roll in--fixed bearings and adapted for use in the manufacture of yarn a roll which is free to approach and recede from from long fibers such, for example, as those of the driven roll in accordance with inequalities the bast variety including jute, hemp, and flax; in the'strand. The movable or floating roll is 10- Accordingly, for purposes of explanation, emdriven at the same surface speed asthe driven bodiments of the invention suitable for use in roll and the two roll combinations permit fibers drawing frames for jute will beillustrated and nipped by thefdrawingarolls to pass freely, while described in detail, although it is to be under restraining fibers which are not thus nipped.

stood that the utility of the invention is not The roll .combinat ionsalso insurethat the fibers 15 limited to the particular fibre. Will ,be positively fed to the drawing rolls of the In drawing and roving frames heretofore used frame. V I v in the manufacture of jute yarn, gill bars have; In addition to the two rotary control devices been customarily employed to support that pormentioned. the control means includes a memtion of the strand undergoing draft between the ber in the form of a conductor which engages 20 retaining and drawing rolls, and these gill bars the strand'and forces it out of its, normal path contain gill pins which. extend into and through and imposes drag upon it. The conductor conthe strand and serve to hold back and restrain fines the strand laterallyand prevents it spread fibres which are not nipped by the drawing rolls. ing while thus being acted on and the conduc- If restraint were not thus imposed upon, the; tor is movably mounted so that it takes different 25 V fibres, those fibres, which are nipped -by the positions in accordance with the pressure of the drawing rolls would carry forward with them strand upon it. The conductor is-connected to by entanglement other fibres which are not atleast one of the gripping devices so as to vary nipped by the drawing rolls, and as a consethe effect of the latter in accordance with varirolls at a uniform rate and the strand produced both floating rolls of the two gripping devices would not be level, but would contain thin and v are mounted ina single mounting which may be thick spots. Although such gill bars have here-' a pair, of swinging .arms and one of these rolls tofore been widely employed for the purpose is ,mounted .in fixed hearings in the mounting recognized as objectionable because it represents capable of bodily movement relative thereto. a heavy item of expense in the construction ofa- The conductor is also connected to the arms frame and is costly to operate and maintain; and with this arrangement, any increase in pres- Also, there is a definite limit to the speedat sure on the conductor causes that gripping de- 40 which the bars may be operated by their screws, vice which includes the roll supported in'fixed 40 and frames equipped with the bars thus have a bearings in the arms to grip the strand more relatively limited rate of production. tightly and thus exercise a greater restraining In .copending applications, Serial No; 646,266, v action. f a l filed December 8, 1932, of which I am a -00- For a better understanding of the invention,

quence, the fibres would not feed to the drawing ations in the pressure referred to. Preferably 30 I mentioned, the gill mechanism is generally 1 and, the other loosely carried in the arms and 5- applicant, and Serial No. 674,986, filed in my. reference may be had to the accompanying 45 name June 9, 1933, there are illustrated and dedrawing, in which scribed novel apparatus for drawing and spin- Fig. 1 is a sectional ,view of one form of the ning which include new devices for controlling apparatus of the invention; the fibresin that portionof the strand under Fig. ,2 is aplan view of the apparatus shown going draft and the apparatus ofthe present inin Fig. l with parts removed; and 50 vention is a further development of those dis Fig. 3 is 'a sectional'view on'the line 3-3 of closed in the applications referred to and Fig. 2. particularly adapted for use in drawing frames. Referring to the drawing, the drawing frame In the apparatus of the present invention, illustrated comprises an assembly of retaining that part'of the strand undergoing draft berolls which includes rolls 1.0 and if in fixed 55 bearings and a jockey roll 12 which rides upon the rolls 10 and 11. The strand 13, which is guided to the rolls in any suitable manner, passes under the roll 10, around the jockey roll, and under the roll 11, and the rolls cooperate to grip the strand tightly. From the retaining rolls, the strand passes to a drawing roll combination comprising a drawing roll 14 and a presser roll 15 mounted in arms inv the usual way and weighted so that the rolls grip the strand tightly and prevent slippage. The strand is guided to the rolls of the drawing roll assembly by a conductor 16 of standard construction and the rolls rotate at a surfacespeed higher than that of the retaining rolls and thus draw the strand, the draft being determined by the difference in roll speeds.

In order to control the fibres in that part of the strand undergoing draft and to prevent fibres which are not nipped by the drawing rolls from being carried along by fibres whichare nipped, a plurality of control devices are used and these devices include apair of combined gripping and feeding means which not only serve to restrain the fibres which are not nipped but also act to feed the fibres positively and evenly to the drawing rolls. v

In the construction illustrated, the two gripping and feeding means comprise driven rolls 17 and 18'mounted in fixed bearings anddriven in any appropriate manner. Ordinarily these rolls are portions of shafts "which extend throughout the length of 'the frame and are provided with driving means at the ends'of the frame. Associated with the driven rolls are floating or jockey rolls 19and 20, and eachof the floating rolls acts on a single strand only. Both of the rolls referred to as floating rolls are mounted so that they may approach and recede from their associatedrolls in fixed bearings and these movementsof the floating rolls are in accordance with inequalities in the strand, although one of the floating rolls isn'ot wholly free in its movements but is under control of a member, the operation of which is responsive to the pressure of the strand-moving in engagement therewith. Neither floating roll is substantially weighted.

In the constructionillustrated, the mounting employed forthe floating rolls comprises a pair of arms 21 mounted for swinging movement on a suitable part of the frame and roll 20 is in fixed bearings in the arms while the trunnions 22 of the roll 19 are received in openings in the arms which are of somewhat greater'diameter than the trunnions.'

The rolls '17, 18, 19, 'and2 0 may have various kinds of surfaces as, for example the surfaces may be plain, scratched, or fluted. The latter type of surface appears to give the best results and is illustrated in the drawing. Also, the rolls 19 and 20 are positively driven at the same surface speed as the rolls with which they are associated and, for this purpose, the rolls 19 and 20 may be provided'with gear teeth 23 at their ends, the teeth meshing with the flutes of the rolls 17 and 18, respectively; The flutes and the gear teeth are 'cut sufliciently deep so that the rolls 1'? and 18 continue to be driven even though they maybe moved away from their respective fixed rolls a substantial distance by thick spots in the strand. The two roll combinations are driven at a slightly greater surface speed than theretaining' rolls and preferably the rolls 17 and 19 immediately adjacent to the fibres. fibres to the drawing rolls and this function is of considerable importance in the production of a level strand and is particularly advantageous when the strand breaks and has to be rethreaded through the rolls.

Just in front of the rolls 18 and 20, the strand engages a member 24 which forces the strand out of its normal path and imposes drag upon it and thus restrains the fibres. This member is preferably in the form of a conductor and it may comprise a non-rotating bar 25, extending between the arms 21, and side pieces 28 mounted on the bar. The side pieces engage the strand along its edges and impose drag upon it and they also serve to prevent the strand from spreading laterally to too great an extent, with the resultant formation of ragged edges.

While the conductor 24 would perform a useful function if held in fixed position, it is preferable to mount the conductor on the mounting of the floating rolls, since with this arrangement any increase in the pressure of the strand on the conductor by reason of the passage of a thick spot in the strand over the conductor causes the mounting to be moved downwardly. This in turn causes the roll 20 to press the strand more firmly against roll 18 and the roll combination accordingly exercises a greater restraining action and also feeds the strand more positively.

In the construction described, variations in the pressure of the strand on the conductor 24 act to vary the effectiveness of the first roll combination only, but if desired, both rolls 19 and 20 maybe mounted in fixed bearings in the arms, in which event the conductor controls the effectiveness of both of the gripping and feeding means.

In addition to the conductor and the two rotary control devices, the frame illustrated includes a fixed rod 27 and this rod engages the strand as it leaves the retaining rolls and forces it out of its normal path and imposes drag upon it. In some frames, the relative positions of the retaining and drawing rolls are such that the rod 27 is not necessary but in many standard drawing frames, the retaining and drawing rolls occupy substantially the positions illustrated in Fig. 1. In such frames, the rotary control devices and the conductor 24 would have to be raised above the normal path of the strand from the retaining rolls to the drawing rolls in order to insure that the strand pressed firmly against the conductor and the rolls 17 and 18 is mounted in fixed bearings. This might necessitate placing the rotary control devices back from the nip of the drawing rolls a substantial distance. It has been found that best results are obtained when one of the rotary control devices is placed as close as possible to the nip of the drawing rolls. Therefore, in frames of the construction referred to, the rod 27 which" is fixed and non-rotatable ismounted so as to deflect the strand downward from the drawing rolls and the strand then bears firmly against the conductor and-'thetwo control rolls'mounted in fixed bearings. The rod thus permits the rotary control device to be placed close to the.

nip of the drawing'rolls, and in addition, since it imposes drag upon the strand, it exercises a' :for each roll, and these cleaners are mounted on any suitable part of the frame and have free ends which engage the roll'surfaces. Asimilar cleaner 29 is provided for the floating rolls 19 and 20, this cleaner being mounted on a'bracket 30, one end of which is supported on a rod 31 driven and in'fixed bearings and the other being extending between the arms 21 What I claim is: 1. In a frame, the combination of rolls for retaininga fibrous strand,ir olls for drawing said strand, and means for controlling the fibres in that part of thestrand between the retaining rollsyand drawing rolls and undergoing draft, said means including a member. engaging the strand and forcing it out of its normal path'of travel and imposing drag upon it, said member being movable in accordance with variations in the pressure of the strand upon it, a pair of rotary devices, each of which includes a pair of rollspositively drivenand engaging thestrand on opposite sides to impose drag upon it and to' feedit positively, one roll of one device freely approaching and receding from the other roll of saiddevice in accordance with variations in the thickness of the strand, the second device including a roll approaching and receding from' its associated rollin accordance with variations in the thickness of the strand but under the control of said member, and a connection between said member and said second device for varying the restraining and feeding action" of said device in accordance with variations in the pressure of the strandupon said member.

2. In a frame, the combinationof' rolls for retaining a fibrous strand, "rolls for drawing said strand, and means for controlling the fibres in that part of the strand between the retaining and drawing rolls and undergoing draft, said means including a pair of cooperating control rolls engaging the strand from opposite sides,..

one of said rolls being in fixed bearings and driven and-the other roll being-mounted to approach and recede from its associated roll in accordance. with inequalities in. the strand, and means for driving said; movably mounted roll at the same surface speed as its associated driven roll, said control means also including another pair of cooperating control rollsengaging the strand from opposite sides, one of said rolls being driven and in fixed bearings and the other being mounted to approach and recedefrom its associated roll in accordance withinequalitiesin the strand, a movable mounting for said latter roll, said pairs of control rolls permitting fibres nipped by the drawing rolls to pass freely while retaining a fibrous strand, rolls. for drawing said strand, and means for controlling thefibres' in that'part of the strand between the retaining and drawing rolls and undergoing draft, said means including a pair of cooperating control rolls engaging the strand from opposite sides, one of said rolls being in fixed bearingsand driven and the other roll being mountedto approach and recede from its associated roll in accordance with inequalities in the strand, and

means fordriving said movably mounted roll at the same surface speed as its associated driven roll, said control means also including another pair'of cooperating control rolls engaging the strand from'opposite sides, one of said rolls being mounted to approach and recede from its associated roll in accordance with inequalities in the strand, a movable mounting for said latter roll, and means for driving said movably mounted rollat the same surface speed as its said mounting, said member acting through'theconnection to move said mounting to vary the restraining action of said movably mounted roll in accordance with variations in the pressure o the strand on said member.

'4. In a frame, the combination of rolls for retaining a fibrous strand, rolls for drawing said strand, and means for controlling the fibres in that part of the strand between the retaining and drawing rolls and undergoing draft, said means including a pair of cooperating control rolls engaging the strand from opposite sides, one of said rolls being in fixed bearings and driven and the other roll being mounted to approach and recede from its associated roll in accordance with inequalities in the strand, and means for driving said movably mounted roll at the same surface speed as its associated driven roll, said control means also including another pair of cooperating control rolls engaging the strand from opposite sides, one of said rolls being driven and in fixed bearings and the other being mounted to approach and recede from its associated roll in-accordance with inequalities in the strand, a movable mounting for said latter roll, said pairs of control rolls permitting fibres nipped by the drawing" rolls to pass freely while restraining fibres not nipped, a memberengaged by the strand on its way to the said other pair of said control rolls engaging said strand, said member forcing the strand out of its normal path and imposing drag upon it, and a connection between said member and said mounting, said one side, a movable mounting, a pair of rolls in said mounting, each associated with a driven roll and engaging the strand on the opposite side, at least one of said rolls being supported in fixed bearings in said mounting and, said mounting permitting the rolls therein to approach and recede from their associated rolls in accordance with inequalities in the strand, said pairs of rolls permitting fibres nipped by the drawing rolls to passfreely while restraining fibres not nipped, means for driving each roll in said mounting at the same speed as its associated driven roll, a member engaged by the strand and forcing the latter out of its normal path and imposing drag upon it, and a connec tion between saidmember and said mounting, said member acting tliroughthe connection to move said mounting to vary the restraining action of said roll in fixed bearings in said mounting in accordance with variations in the pressure of the strand on said member.

6. In a frame, the combination of rolls for retaining a fibrous strand, rolls for drawing said strand, and means for controlling the fibres in that part of the strand between the retaining and drawing rolls and undergoing draft, said means including a pair of driven rolls mounted in fixed bearings and engaging the strand at one side, a movable mounting, a roll in fixed bearings in said mounting, a second roll carried loosely in said mounting, each of said rolls being associated with a driven roll and engaging the strand on the opposite side, said mounting permitting the rolls therein to approach and recede from their associated rolls in accordance with inequalities in the strand, said pairs of rolls permitting fibres nipped by the drawing rolls-to pass freely therebetween while restraining fibres not nipped, means for driving each of the rolls in said mounting at the same speed as its associated driven roll, a member forcing the strand out of its normal path and imposing drag upon it, and a connection between said member and mounting, said member acting through the connection to move said mounting to vary the restraining action of the roll in fixed bearings in said mounting in accordance with variations in the pressure of the strand on said member.

'7. In a frame, the combination of rolls for retaining a fibrous strand, rolls for drawing said strand, and means for controlling the fibres in that part of the strand lying between the re taining and drawing rolls and undergoing draft, said means comprising a member fixed in position and engaging the strand and forcing it out.

of its normal path of travel and imposing drag upon it, a pair of cooperating control rolls engaging the strand from opposite sides, one of said rolls being rotatable in fixed bearings and driven and the other roll being mounted to apdriven roll, a movable member engaging the strand and forcing the strand out of its normal path and imposing drag upon it, and a connection between said member and one movably mounted roll, .said member acting through the connection to vary the restraining action of said movably mounted'roll in accordance with variations in the pressure on said member.

8. In a frame; the combination of rolls for retaining a fibrous strand, rolls for drawing said strand, and means for controlling the fibres in that part of the strandbetween the retaining rolls and drawing rolls and undergoing draft, said means including a pair of driven rolls mounted in fixed bearings and engaging the strand from beneath, a pair of movably mounted arms, a roll mounted in fixed bearings in said arms and pressing the. strand against one of said driven rolls, a second roll loosely journaled in said arms and'pressing the strand against the other of said driven rolls, means for driving each roll in the arms at the same surface speed as the driven roll with which itcooperates, said cooperating pairs of rolls permitting fibres nipped by the drawing rolls to pass freely between them while restraining fibres not nipped, said rolls .in the. arms being movable toward and'away from their associated driven rolls in accordance with inequalities in the strand, a member engaging the strand and forcing it out of its normal path and imposing drag upon it, and a connection between the member and said arms, said member acting through the connection to move said arms to vary the restraining action of the pair of cooperating rolls including the roll mounted in fixed bearings in said arms, in accordance with variations in the pressure of the strand on said member.

9. In a frame, the combination of rolls for retaining a fibrous strand, rolls for drawing said strand, and means for controlling the fibres in that part of the strand between the retaining rolls and drawing rolls and undergoing draft, said means including a pair of driven rolls mounted in fixed bearings and engaging the strand from beneath, a pair of movably mounted arms, a roll mounted in fixed bearings in said arms and pressing the strand against one of said driven rolls, a second roll loosely journaled in said arms and pressing the strand against the other of said driven rolls, meansfor driving each roll in the arms at thesame surface speed as the driven roll with which it cooperates, said cooperating pairs of rolls permitting fibres nipped by the drawing rolls to pass freely between them while restraining fibres not nipped, said rolls in the arms being movable toward and away from their associated driven rolls in accordance with inequalities in the strand, a member engaging the strand and forcing it out of its normal path, said member imposing drag upon the strand and confining it laterally, and a connection between said member and said arms, said member acting in response to an increase in the pressure of the strand thereon to move said arms to cause the roll mounted in fixed bearings therein to press said strand against its associated roll.

'MALCOLM B. STONE.

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