US1983078A - Miniature phonograph - Google Patents

Description

4, 1934e l.. J. GRUiswlAli l MINIATURE PHONOGRAPH 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Feb. 19, 1934 lNvr-:NToR @i8 Leo J. Grubman N. v d, M ATTORNEYS MINIATURE PHONOGRAPH Filed Feb. 19, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 lol '00 INVENTOR 36 Leo J. Grubman 26,6664" BY/M ATTORNEYS' D- 4%11934 L. J. GRUBMAN 1,983,078

` MINIATURE PHONOGRAPH Fil-ed Feb. 19, 1934 5 Sheets-Sheet -3 WMI IIIlIlllllIlllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHI Patented Dec. 4, 1934 1,983,078 MINIATURE PHONOGRAPH Leo J. Grubman, Belle Harbor, N. Y., assigner to Voices, Incorporated, Newark, N. J., a corporation of Delaware Application February 19, 1934, Serial No. 711,882

20 Claims.

This invention relates to phonographs, and more particularly to a compact self-contained miniature phonograph.

Tb` primary object of the present invention is to generally improve miniature phonographs such as are adapted for use in dolls, animal toys, and the like. A more particular object of my invention resides in the provision of an improved sound box mounting which will afford movement of the l0 stylus and sound box, both for feed of the stylus across the record and disengagement of the stylus from the record, all while keeping the sound box and record in close compact arrangement and without necessitating that the phonograph be held strictly' in upright position for successful operation. Still another object of my invention resides in the provision of a central control cam system for controlling the resetting and engagement of the stylus, this mechanism being simplified by limiting the cam mechanism to a single revolution or less during the complete operation of the phonograph. Another object is the provision of a single operating means manipulation of which is sufiicient for operation of the phonograph. In the present case this operating means is a rewind knob rotation of which rewinds the phonograph, and, at the end of the rewinding operation, the phonograph is automatically started. Still further objects center about the general organization and arrangement of the important parts of the phonograph within the phonograph casing, the casing taking the form of a cylindrical housing disposed with its axis horizontal and having one end closed and its opposite end open for sound emission, and provided with the rewind knob. This arrangement is suitable for use in a doll, the sound emission and rewind end of the phonograph being disposed at the back of the doll.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and such other objects as will hereinafter appear, my invention consists in the phonograph elements and their relation one to the other, as hereinafter `are more particularly described in the speciiication and sought to be dened in the lclaims. `The specification is accompanied by drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section taken through a 50 miniature phonograph embodying features of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a section taken in the plane of the line 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3. is a section taken in the plane of the line 3--3 of Fig. 2, showing the stylus arm;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken in the plane of the line 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken in the plane of the line 5--5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the control cam and re- 60 wind mechanisms;

Fig. 7 is a similar view showing the parts during the playing of the phonograph;

Fig. 8 is a similar view showing the parts at the end of the playing of the phonograph;

Fig. 9 is an end view of the cam mechanism shown in Fig. 6, and indicates the start of the playing operation;

Fig. 10 is a similar view during the playing operation;

Fig. l1 is a similar view but at the end of the playing operation; and' Fig. 12 is a view. similar to Fig. 6 but showing Referring to the drawings, the phonograph comprises a record R, and a sound box and diaphragm assembly D, said assembly carrying a stylus S projecting over and cooperating with the record R. The resetting and engagement of stylus S is controlled preferably through the sound box assembly D by an appropriate cam system C. The cam mechanism C and the record R are interconnected by appropriate step-up gearing and are driven by a main spring M, the speed being limited by an appropriate governor G (Fig. 1) 85 and the spring M being rewound by means of a knob K.

The mechanism of the phonograph of Figs. 1 through 1l is somewhat complicated by the provision of an easily turned rewinding knob K which is geared, through reduction gearing, to the main spring M. The phonograph in more simple form may be provided with a rewind knob mounted directly on the cam shaft, and will accordingly rst be described in the simpler form. For this purpose reference may also be made to Fig. 12, showing a rewind knob K mounted on the shaft of cam mechanism C. Other slight changes accompanying this simplification will be developed -later in the specification.

Sound reproducing system Referring to Figs. 1 through 4, the sound repro ducing system comprises a diaphragm 12 clamped 105 between rings 14 and 16 within a sound box consisting of a closed preferably dished rear plate 18 and a hanged front plate 20, the central portion 22 of which is open for sound discharge. The plate 18 is projected upwardly to form the top arm 110 24, downwardly to form the bottom arm 26, and sidewardly to form the stylus mounting and weight carrying arm 28. Arms 24 and 26 are provided with vertical trunnions 30 which are in alignment and which extend transversely of the sound box assembly D. Trunnions 30 are received in bearing arms 32 and 34, preferably formed integrally with and connected by av base portion 36 secured to the inner end 38 of a motor frame 40.

Stylus S is mounted at one end of a stylus arm 42 formed of a single piece of sheet metal having a part 44 extending in a vertical plane and forming a bearing for the stylus arm, and another part 46 extending in a plane tilted upwardly from the horizontal and connected to the diaphragm 12. The stylus arm is made of light weight metal to reduce its inertia, while the sound box assembly is made relatively heavy to increase its inertia, so that lateral vibration of the stylus produces vibration of the diaphragm 12 without oscillating the sound box assembly about the trunnions 30. Trunnions 30, however, permit movement of the l sound box assembly during the travel or feed of the stylus in the sound grooves of the record.

When the sound box'is pivoted somewhat off-center, as is here the case, the assembly is balanced by the addition of a weight 48 secured to arm 28. This insures that the stylus will track freely in the sound groove even though the phonograph be tilted at a substantial angle away from the normal playing position. At the same time, the total mass and inertia of the sound box is increased.

The stylus arm 42 is pivoted on the sound box assembly by forming an outer knife edge 50 (Fig. 3) and an inner knife edge 52 at the top and bottom of the vertical part 44 of the stylus arm, which knife edges are seated in mating recesses or bearings formed on the outer and inner faces of the sound box arm 28. The stylus arm is held in position by leaf springs 54 and 56 mounted on arm 28 by appropriate screws 58 (Fig. 2) and urging the fulcrums 50 and 52 into their respective seats. It will be appreciated that the springs 54 and 56 are intended to hold the stylus arm in position when the stylus is disengaged from the record, because when engaged the pressure on the stylus itself serves to seat the fulcrums more firmly in place. In passing, it should be observed that the arm 44 is so shaped that the springs 54 and 56 bear against edges substantially in alignment with the fulcrums 50 and 52, so that the springs do not set up any resistance to free vibration of the stylus arm.

In order to prevent excessive stylus pressure, the weight of the sound box assembly is partially compensated by a leaf spring (Fig. 1) secured at 62 to the plate 36 and having its free end 64 bent upwardly against a thrust bearing 66 on the sound box by means of an adjustment screw 68 threaded in arm 34 and locked by nut 70. The stylus pressure may be adjusted to any desired value by adjustment of screw 68.

The sound reproducing system includes, in addition to the sound box assembly, the casing 72 which acts as an amplifying chamber or horn. One end of casing 72 is closed by a cap 74. 'Ihe .'otl'i'e'r end is provided with-.a cap 76, but this is largely cut away or provided with a'largenumber of sound discharge holes 78 for free soundl vides a damping of the diaphragm which is desirable and which improves the tone quality.

Record rotating mechanism The record rotating mechanism is carried in a dished or cup-like frame member 40 the open end of which is flared'outwardly at 80 and secured to Athe end plate 76, which itself forms a part of the motor frame. The plate 76 is threaded onto the end of cylindrical casing 72.

The main spring M is here shown of the helical type and is anchored at 82 to plate 76, as is best shown in Fig. 6. The opposite end of the spring is received in a collar 84 pinned to shaft 86 journaled in plates 76 and 38 of the motor frame. Shaft 86 carries a gear 88 meshing with a pinion 90 in turn mounted on shaft 92 carrying a sleeve 94 locked thereto by set screw 96 (see Fig. l). A helical gear 98 is mounted loosely on sleeve 94, being held against axial movement in one direction by a collar 100 locked to the sleeve by a set screw 102. The helical gear 98 and the sleeve 94 are interconnected by a coiled slip spring 104 which has been omitted in Figs. 6, 7, and 8 but which is clearly shown in Fig. l. The spring is wound in such direction that it is self-loosen ing during the rewinding operation, thereby dispensing with rotation of the succeeding gear train and record during rewinding. The spring is self -tightening during unwinding of the spring, resulting in rotation of helical gear 98 with shaft 92. A similar description is applicable to the rotation of gear 98 by shaft 92 in the simplified modification of Fig. 12,

Helical gear 98 meshes with a mating helical orlworm gear 106 formed directly on a shaft 108 which at its lower end carries a flanged record supporting member 110, The record R is clamped between member 110 and a collar 112 screwed upon a threaded extension 114 of record support member 110. The record shaft 108 is carried in an uppervbearing 116 and an adjustable lower bearing 118 adjustment of which is fixed by a lock nut 120. It will be noted from inspection of Fig. 2, that shaft 108 extends diametrically of the casing 72; that the record is disposed in the lower part of the casing with its recorded face on top or toward the drive mechanism; and that the wall 38 of the motor frame and the base 36 of the sound box support are cut away to clear the record, as well as for sound transmission.

The drive mechanism further includes governor G. Record shaft 108 is provided with a helical gear 122 which in the present case is riveted on and forms a part of the record support 110. Gear 122 meshes with mating gear 124 mounted on governor shaft 126. This carries a governor consisting of fixed and movable frustro- conical plates 128 and 130 between which are carried a series of balls 132. Upon rotation of the governor shaft, the balls 132 tend to fly outwardly, causing movement of disc 130 away from disc 128, this movement being resisted by a light compression spring 134. Axial movement oi disc 130 brings it into contact with a fixed brake shoe 136 adjustably mounted by means of a set screw 138 on an arm 140 which extends to and is formed with the base 36. It will be understood that because of the conicity of the outer surface of governor disc 130, a simple adjustment of brake screw 138 toward or away from the governor shaft produces adjustment of the phonograph operating speed.

` A r The. control mechanism C includes1annmber -o'fcamst whichfmay be distributed as desired Vto the largeradius path, and yet large enough to Stylus control mechanismV on a single cam shaft, but which are preferably here nested together. Referring to Figs. 1 and 4, the top-arm 24 of the sound box. assembly is'projected to support a cam follower 142 which rides.

Y, semblyglthereby disengaging the stylus from the record. The shape and construction of rider 146 will `be evident fromr examination of Figs. 4 through 11.0f the drawings. Therider includes a cam follower'portion148 which rides upon. a stylus lift cam formed at the end of the cylindrical member in which the reset cam 144 is cut.

During theplaying ofthe phonograph, thefollower 148 rests in a cut-away Apart 15.0 of the` cam, asis clearly shown in Fig. 10, thus permitting `the stylus to rest upon the record. .At the end` of the record playing operation, a stylus `lifting portion 152 engages follower 148, as is shown in Fig. 11, thereby disengaging the stylus from the record.` During therewinding operationthe` follower -148 rides in elevated position` on. the full radius path 154.just inside the cutaway part 150, as is clearly shown in Fig. 5 of thedrawings, The rider 146 is slldable axially of the cam in order to permit shifting from the small radiuspath 150, to the: large radiuspath 154, and vice versa.

Referring to Fig. 12, it will be observed that the rider 146 is normally-urged'inwardly by a leaf ,spring 156. This spring has been omitted in Figs. 9, 10 and 11 in order to simplify the'drawings. It willbe manifest from inspection of Fig. l1 `that at the end of the playing operation when the elevated portion 152 reaches follower 148, the rider is moved orsshiftedinwardly by spring 156. to the large radius path 154, as is shown in Fig. 8, this resulting from the factthat the raised portion 152 of path .150 is flush with thelarge radius path 154.V During the rewinding operation the follower 148 remains on the fullradius path, as is shown in Fig. 5, thus keeping the stylus elevated from the record. A't the same timer-helical cam` 144 resets the stylus"to initialposition.

At thevendof Athe rewinding operation the rider 146 is lshifted outwardly to. the small radius path 150,v thus permitting .the stylus to `again engage thevrecord. This outward movement is produced by a-rider shifting cam or knockout 160 whichis secured to ..the. outer face of gear 88 andv which cooperateswithja part 162 depending `from rider 146 'radially ofthe cam. mechanism.r As will be evident from. an inspectionof Figs. 6 and 9,'when .the rider shiftingcam `160 reaches surface 162 at the endI of the .winding operation, the rider is shiftedoutwardly'to the jsmall radius path 150,

so thatxupon unwindingior playing of the phonograph'the stylus islowered into engagement with the record. In order` to permit the record to accelerate to normal playing speed, the actual con- 4tact of the stylus on the record may be postponed, :and lfor this `purpose the small radius pathv may include a section1164 having a radius less than the part,l52,so that .therider cannot shift back prevent engagement of the stylus with the record. During travel in section 164, the record is accelerated, and at the beginning of small radius path 150 the stylus comes into engagement with the record. It will be understood that the same resultmay, if desired,be accomplished by prolonging the full radius section 152 to include the intermediate radius section 164, and at the same time vprolonging the shift cam 160 to prevent return movement of the rider until it rests in the small radius path 150.

Assuming the rapparatus to be provided with the directly connected knob K', as shown in Fig.l

12, to operate the phonograph it is simply necessary to grasp the knob K' and turn it from its unwound to its wound position by a single continuous rotative movement of slightly less than one revolution. During this movement the stylus is reset .to initial position by cam groove 144, the` stylus meanwhile being elevated by rider 146 resting on the large radius path 154. The main spring is, of course, being rewound, but the record is not rotated due to slippage of clutch spring 104 which permits helical gear 98 to remain stationary despite rotation of pinion 90 meshing with gear 88. At the' end of the winding movement the rider 146 is shifted outwardly by rider shifting cam 160. Upon release of knob K the parts rotate in opposite direction under the influence of spring M. Record R is rotated, and at the same time or .after slight delay the stylus engages the record, and the phonograph. is played. To prevent shock to the parts at the end of the winding operation, the gear 88 is preferably provided with a stop 166, best shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8, which may be formed opposite andintegrally with the knockout 160. A fixed abutment 168, mounted on frame plate 38, cooperates with the stop 166 to positively limit the movementof the shaft 86. Where the control mechanism C is designed to rotate almost a full revolution, as in the present casethe single abutment 168 serves as a motion limiting stop in both directions. If desired, the movement of shaft 86 maybe limited substantially below a full revolution, say to approximately a half revolution, this being more convenient when using a direct operation knob such as the'knob K', in order not to require excessive twist in a single movement.

Rewinding mechanism The-mechanism of Figs. 1 through 11 differs from the modification of Fig. 12 primarily in rewinding the phonograph through the agency of .shaft 92 rather than the cam shaft 86. This results. in easier winding, due to the large gear reduction, and also is more` convenient when a substantially complete revolution of the cam shaft is utilized. Referring to Fig. 1, the knob K is mounted on the driving portion 170 of a rew.nd clutch. A slip sprng 172, having one end secured to the plate 76 at 174, acts as a ratchet to prevent return or unwinding movement of the knob. Shaft 92 carries a driven clutch element 176 and is limitedly axially reciprocable to provide engagement or disengagement of the clutch. y

Referring; now to Figs. 6, 7, and 8, the rewind mechanism is clearly shown, except that the slip springs 104 and 172 on helical gear 98 and knob K, respectively, have been omitted for simplicity. The shaft 92 is provided with a collar 178 nested withinrlder 146,.in consequence of which the rider and shaft are shifted together.

Pinion 90 is of suiiicient width to remain in engagement during axial shifting of shaft 92, this being evident from comparison of F.gs. 6 and 7 with Fig. 8. It will be evident that at the end of the rewinding operation, as shown in Figs. 6 and 9, the rider shifting cam 160 moves rider 146 outwardly not only to permit stylus engagement, but also to disengage the clutch members 170 and 176, thus initiating operation of the phonograph in the direction of the arrow. During reproduction of the record, the rewind clutch is held disengaged, as is shown in Figs. 7 and 10. At the end of the playing operation of the phonograph when rider 146 is elevated by the cam portion 152, thus disengaging the stylus, the rider moves inwardly with shaft 92, thereby bringing the clutch parts 170 and 176 into engagement, as shown in Figs. 8 and 1l. If the position of knob K is such as to prevent clutch engagement, this engagement takes place when the knob is turned to begin rewinding the phonograph. The shaft 92 and rider 146 are, of course, constantly urged inwardly by a spring 156, best shown in Figs. 4 and 5, th.s spring being omitted in Figs. 6 through 11, and corresponding to spring 156' in Fig. 12.

It will now be evident that the arrangement of Fig. 12 dillers from that of Figs. 1 through l1 in omitting the collar 178, thus permitting shaft 92 to remain ax ally fixed. The rewind clutch and ratchet spring 174 are, of course, unnecessary. The spring 156 is applied directly to rider 146 instead of being applied to the end of shaft 92.

Operation The phonograph is placed in a doll body through the back. the axis of the cylinder being arranged horizontally when the doll s held vertically. The sound discharge end 76 as well as the rewind knob are located at the back of the doll and may be concealed by the clothing of the doll. The doll can bc tilted through considerable angle without spoiling the operation of the phonograph, although it cannot be held head downwardly. The phonograph is normally in unwound condition. with the stylus elevated. Upon turning the rewind knob, the phonograph is wound up and the stylus reset to initial position. Upon completion of the rewinding operation the rewinding clutch is disengaged and the phonograph begins to run. Slightly after beginning operation the stylus is lowered onto the record and the record played. During playing of the record, the stylus tracks naturally in the sound groove, there being some play .'n the reset cam groove 144. This groove may, in fact, be cut away so as not to force the stylus feed at all but to act merely as a reset cam. In the present case the groove is shaped to force the stylus feed should it fail to track properly and begin to play a single groove repeatedly. At the end of the playing operation, the stylus is elevated; the rider is shifted to the large radius cam path in order to hold the stylus elevated during the rewinding operat on; and the rewinding clutch is engaged.

With the arrangement shown in Fig. 12, the rewind handle is simply grasped, twisted and released, release of the handle initiating playing of the phonograph.

It is believed that the mode of constructing and using, as well as the many advantages of my improved miniature phonograph, will be apparent from the foregoing detailed description thereof.

It will also be apparent that while I have shown my invention in preferred forms, many changes and modifications may be made in the structures disclosed, without departing from the spirit of the invention, dened in the following claims.

I claim:

1. A miniature 'phonograph comprising a record, a sound box disposed near the record, a stylus arm projecting from the sound box toward and over the sound grooves on the record. and trunnions projecting transversely of the sound box at opposite edges for pivoting said sound box for feed of the stylus over the record', said sound box being reciprocable on said trunnions for engagement and disengagement of the stylus and record.

2. A miniature phonograph comprising a record disposed approximately horizontally, a sound box disposed approximately vertically near the record, a stylus arrn projecting from the sound box toward and over the sound grooves on the record, and vertical trunnions above and below the sound box pivoting the same for feed of the stylus over the record.

3. A miniature phonograph comprising a record disposed approximately horizontally, a sound box disposed approximately vertically near the record, a stylus arm projecting from the sound box toward and over the sound grooves on the record, vertical trunnions above and below said sound box pivoting thc` same for feed of the stylus over the record, said sound box being vertically reciprocable on said trunnions for engagement and disengagement of thc stylus and record, and means limitng the stylus pressure to a desired value.

4. A miniature phonograph comprising a disc record disposed approximately horizontally, a sound box disposed approximately vertically near the edge of the record, a stylus arm projecting from the sound box toward and over the sound grooves on the record, vertical trunnions above and below said sound box pivoting the same for feed of the stylus over the record, said sound box being vertically reciprocable on said trunnions for engagement and disengagement of the stylus and record, weight means balancing the sound box about the trunnions and serving to increase the sound box inertia, and resilient means urging the sound box upwardly and partially relieving the weight of the sound box in order to limit the stylus pressure to a desired value.

5. A min'ature phonograph comprising a record, a sound box and stylus cooperating therewith, a control cam shaft, a main spring and appropriate gearing for rotating the record and control cam shaft, said control cam shaft, cams. and associated followers including means to lift and reset the stylus during rewinding` of the phonograph.

6. A miniature phonograph comprising a record. a sound box and stylus cooperating therewith, a control cam shaft arranged to rotate one revolution or less during thc complete operation of the phonograph, a main spring and appropriate gearing for rotating the record and control cam shaft, said control cam shaft, cams, and associated followers including means to reset the stylus during rewinding of the phonograph, means to lift the stylus during rewinding of the phonograph, and means to make the lift means inoperative during playing of the record.

7. A miniature phonograph comprising a record, a sound box and siylus cooperating therewith, a control cam shaft arranged to oscillate one revolution or less during the complete unwinding and rewinding of the phonograph, a main spring and appropriate gearing and governor mechanism forrotating the record and control cam shaft, said control cam shaft, cams, and associated followers including means to lift and to reset the stylus during rewinding of the phonograph, and means to disengage the lift means shortly after starting of the phonograph.

8. A miniature phonograph comprising a record,

`a sound box disposed near the record, a stylus arm projecting from the sound box toward and over the sound grooves on the record, trunnions extending transversely of the sound box and pivoting the same for feed of the stylus over the record, said soundbox being reciprocable on said trunnions for engagement and disengagement of the stylus and record, a control cam shaft, a main spring and appropriate gearing for rotating the record and control cam shaft, said control cam shaft. cams, and associated followers including means to lift and reset the stylus during rewinding of the phonograph.

9. A miniature phonograph comprising a record disposed approximately horizontally, a sound box disposed approximately vertically near the record. a stylus arm projecting from the sound box toward and over the sound grooves on the record, vertical trunnions pivoting said sound box for feed of the stylus over the record, said sound box being vertically reeiprocable on said trunnions for engagement and disengagement of the stylus and record, a control cam shaft arranged to rotate one revolution or less during the com-` plete operation of the phonograph, a main springand appropriate gearing for rotating the record and ycontrol cam shaft, said control cam shaft, cams, and associated followers including means to lift and reset the stylus during rewinding of the phonograph. I

10. A miniature phonograph comprising a record disposed approximately horizontally, a sound box disposed approximately vertically near the record. a stylus arm projecting from the sound box toward and over the sound grooves on the record, vertical trunnions pivoting said sound box for feed of the stylus over the record, said sound box being vertically reciprocable on said trunnions for engagement and disengagement of the stylus and record, a control cam shaft arranged to oscillate one revolution or less during the complete unwinding and rewinding of the phonograph, a main spring and appropriate gearing for rotating the record and control cam shaft, said control cam shaft, cams, and associated followers including means to reset the stylus during rewinding of the phonograph, means to lift the stylus during rewinding of the phonograph, and means to make the lift means inoperative during playing of the record.

11. A miniature phonograph comprising a disc record disposed horizontally, a sound box disposed vertically near the edge of the record, a stylus arm projecting from the sound box toward and over the sound grooves on the record, Vertical trunnions above and below said sound box pivoting the same for feed of the stylus over the record, said sound box being vertically reciprocable on said trunnions for engagement and disengagement of the stylus and record, a control cam shaft, a main spring and appropriate gearing and governor mechanism for rotating the record and control cam shaft, said control cam shaft, cams, and associated followers including means to reset the stylus during rewinding of the phonograph, means to lift the stylus during rewinding of the phonograph, and means to disengage the lift means shortly after starting of the phonograph.

12. A miniature phonograph comprising a record rotating shaft, a record carried thereby, a sound box and stylus cooperating therewith, a control cam shaft arranged to oscillate one revolution or less during the complete unwinding and rewinding of the phonograph, a step-up gear train between said cam shaft and the record shaft, a spring for driving said gear train, said cam shaft including a stylus lift cam, an adjacent stylus lowering cam having a lift portion, a rider shiftable between said cams, and means shifting said rider to the lift cam dui'- ing rewinding and to the lowering cam during unwinding of the main spring.

13. A miniature phonograph comprising a record rotating shaft, a record carried thereby, a sound box and stylus cooperating therewith, a

i control cam shaft arranged to oscillate one revolution or less during the complete unwinding and rewinding of the phonograph, a main spring for driving said cam shaft, a step-up gear train between said cam shaft and the record shaft, said cam shaft including a stylus reset cam adapted to reset the stylus to initial position during rewinding of the main spring, a stylus lift cam of large radius, an adjacent stylus lowering cam of small radius but having a lift portion of large radius, a rider shiftable between said cams, and means shifting said rider to the lift cam during rewinding and tothe lowering cam during unwinding of the main spring.

14. A miniature phonograph comprising a record rotating shaft, a record carried thereby, a sound box and stylus cooperating therewith, a control cam shaft, a main spring connected positively to and driving said cam shaft, a step-up gear train between said cam shaft and the record shaft, said cam shaft including a stylus reset cam adapted to reset the stylus to initial position during rewinding of the main spring, a stylus lift cam of large radius. an adjacent stylus lowering cam of small radius but having a lift portion of large radius equal to that of the lift cam, a rider shiftable between said cams, resilient means normally urging the rider toward the lift cam, and a rider shifting cam for shifting the rider from the lift to the lowering cam at the beginning of the playing operation of the phonograph.

15. A miniature phonograph comprising a record shaft and record, a sound box and stylus cooperating therewith, a control cam shaft, a main spring for driving said cam shaft, a stepup gearing connecting said cam shaft and a rewind shaft, additional step-up gearing connecting said rewind shaft to the record shaft, a rewind knob, releasable clutch means between said knob and shaft, and means to prevent back rotation of the knob, said cam shaft including cams and followers to lift and reset the stylus during rewinding of the main spring. v'

16. A miniature phonograph'cornprising a record shaft and record, a sound box and stylus cooperating therewith, a control cam shaft arranged to rotate one revolution or less during the complete operation of the phonograph, a main spring for driving said cam shaft, step-up gearing connecting said cam shaft and a rewind shaft, additional step-up gearing connecting said rewind shaft to the record shaft, a rewind knob, clutch means between said knob and shaft engaged by axial movement of `the shaft, means to prevent back rotation of the knob, said cam shaft including a stylus reset cam, a stylus lift cam, an adjacent stylus lowering cam having a lift portion, a rider mounted on and shiftable with the rewind shaft between said cams, and means for shifting the rider from the lift to the lowering cam and for disengaging the rewind clutch upon playing of the phonograph.

17. A miniature phonograph comprising a record shaft and record, a sound box and stylus cooperating therewith, a control cam shaft arranged to oscillate one revolution or less during complete unwinding and rewinding of the phonograph. a main spring for driving said cam shaft, step-up gearing connecting said cam shaft and a rewind shaft, additional step-up gearing connecting said rewind shaft to the record shaft, a rewind knob coaxial with said rewind shaft, clutch means between said knob and shaft engaged by axial movement of the shaft, means to prevent back rotation of the knob, a one-way clutch between said rewind shaft and the record rotating gearing, said cam shaft including a stylus reset cam, a stylus lift cam, an adjacent stylus lowering cam having a lift portion, a rider mounted on and shiftable with the rewind shaft between said cams, resilient means normally urging.

the rider toward the lift cam and the rewind clutch into engagement, and a rider shifting cam for shifting the rider from the lift to the lowering cam and for disengaging the rewind clutch to start the phonograph.

18. A miniature phonograph comprising a casing arranged horizontally, one end of said casing being closed and the other end of said casing being open for sound emission, a disc record mounted on a vertical shaft in said casing, a sound box arranged vertically near the closed end of the casing, a stylus arm projecting from the sound box toward and over the record. and vertical bearings affording oscillation of the sound box and stylus arm for feed of the stylus over the record, said bearings also affording vertical reciprocation of the sound box for engagement and disengagement of the stylus.

19. A miniature phonograph comprising a cylindrical casing arranged with its axis horizontal, one end of said casing being closed and the other end of said casing being open for sound emission, a disc record mounted on a vertical shaft, a sound box arranged vertically near the closed end of the casing, a stylus arm projecting from the sound box toward and over the record, vertical bearings alfording oscillation ofv the sound box and stylus arm for feed of the stylus over the record, said bearings further affording lvertical reciprocation of the sound box for engagement and disengagement of thestylus, a main spring and gear train for rotating the record, and a rewind knob located at the sound emitting end of the casing.

20.. A miniature phonograph comprising a cylindrical casing arranged with its axis horizontal, one end of said casing being closed and the other end of said casing being open for sound emission, a disc record mounted on a vertical shaft extending diametrically of the cylindrical casing. a sound box arranged vertically near the closed end of the casing, said sound box being closed on the side toward the closed end of the casing and open on the side toward the sound emitting end of the casing, a stylus arm projecting from the Sound box toward and over the record, vertical bearings affording oscillation of the sound box and stylus arm for feed of the stylus over the record4 said bearings further affording vertical reciprocation of the sound box for engagement and disengagement of the stylus, a main spring and gear train for rotating the record, a rewind knob located at the sound emitting end of the casing, a control cam shaft, and appropriate cams on said control cam shaft for elevating and resetting the stylus during rewinding of the phonograph.

LEO J. GRUBMAN.

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