US1982581A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

Nom-27, 1934.

H. HUEBER ET AL CARBURETOR Filed Jan. 20, 1950 l vPatentec'l Nov. 27, 1934 I n CABBUBETOR 'nem Hueber, Buffalo, ma nrwm c. nunon, Hamburg, N. Y., asaignnrs to Trieo Products Corporation, Buffalo, N. Y.

applicati@ January zo, 19:0, seran N. 422,093 Y 11 claims. (ol. zei-a4) claims, reference being lhis invention relates to a fuel carbureting device for internal combustion engines and is primarily adapted for the motor vehicle engine of this type.

In the normal operation of the motor vehicle the driver will depress his accelerator pedal to increase the speed of 'the engine, and when the accelerator is quickly depressed there is a brief interval of time before the engine responds to the sudden acceleration demand. At times the demand is not satisfied, and the engine does not pick up with suillcient rapidity, to such an extent that the action of the engine might appear sluggish and retarded. Such slowness in response is due largely, if not altogether, to the fact that the combustible mixture is for the moment rendered too lean by the sudden gust of air which rushes in upon the opening of the throttle without a corresponding increase in the feed of gasoline. The liquid feed does not respond readily by reason of the column of liquid which must be moved by the induced action of the inrushing air.

The present invention aims to provide a carburetor which will maintain the proper proportion of air and gas entering into the combustible mixture both during the normal running of the engine as well as during an acceleration thereof; to provide thefuel passage, adjacent the fuel nozzle of the carburetor, with a device which will render the liquid fuel column more sensitive and responsive to variations in the air currents envelopingthe fuel nozzle 'whereby the inducedV lifting action on the column of liquid for the moment of sudden acceleration is hastened; and to provide a controlled air inlet for the carburetor working in conjunction with the liquid control device whereby a combustible mixture of a uniform grade will be delivered by the carburetor to the engine during' all periods of operation.

The invention also has for its object to provide a carburetor which will enable a more rapid pick-up or get-a-way and which will avoid the sluggish operation of the motor vehicle engine due to an over lean combustible mixture during the initial period of an acceleration demand The invention alsov has for .its object to provide a simplified carburetor construction lacking the well known float chamber, and'further, to provide a carburetor with improved means for enriching the combustible mixture for priming purposes.

Further the invention resides in the arrangements and combinations of the gas and liquid controls and the associated parts, all as is more fully set forth in the following description and had to the accompanying drawing in which the view is a vertical section, with parts in4 elevation, througha carbureting apparatus embodying the present invention.

Refen'ing more in detail to the accompanying so drawing, the numeral 1 designates the fuel line and 2 the air chamber, the former having -a fuel nozzle 3 controlled by the valve 4 and discharging within the atomizing chamber 5 at a pointV beneath the throttle valve 6. The usual idling g5 jet "I may be provided when desired. The fuel line 1 is provided with a chamber 8 preferably enlarged and communicating 4through one or more orifices 9 with an underlying sediment trap 10 into which the supply pipe l1 de- 70 livers the gasoline from the supply tank 12. A screen or other iilter 13 may be provided in the upper portion of the sediment trap 10 to purify` the liquid. The fuel is, therefore, lifted direct from the supply tank rather than through the vacuum tank and float chamber of the carburetor. Y

Within the fuel line is provided means for momentarily displacing a portion of the liquid therein during the initial period of acceleration whereby it will become unnecessary to move immediately the entire column of liquid between the nozzle and the tank. This means inthe preferred embodiment comprises a yieldable or flexible wall for responding to fluid pressure conditions in said line and adapted for being readily displaced thereby. To gain greater sensitiveness and responsiveness to the rpressure conditions we have inserted this flexible wall in the enlarged chamber 8 whereby a. larger wall surface is obtained for the fluid pressure to act upon. This exible wall 9@ is herein depicted as being in the form of a diaphragm 14, and when the butterfly or throttle valve 6 is opened to accelerate the engine speed the sudden increase in the vollnne of air passing over and aboutthe nozzle 3 win produce a greater 95 eductive force and cause an increased discharge of the fuel from the nozzle/3. This demand for an increased supply of fuel has in the past been difficult to meet by reason of the column of liquid which was required to be acted upon and there- '1m Afore resulted in a leaner mixture for the initial period of acceleration and a consequent lagging in engine response. f

With the improved construction, the increased suction about the nozzle 3, whichis produced upon opening the throttle, will cause the fuel in the feed line to move more rapidly at the outstart because in lieu of moving the entire column of liquid from the supply tank 12, the flexible wall i4 will displace a portion of the liquid by moving or uo displacing action of the Wall 14 the liquid will well up in the nozzle and pass with increased flow into the augmented air stream toward the maintenance of a uniform mixture.

The air chamb'er 2 is provided with an inlet opening or port 15 having a valve or closure plateI 16 pivoted at 17 for movement toward and from its seat. The valve 16 is yieldably held closed by a spring 18 which is compressed between the valve and a collar 19 in turn adjustably supported by the screw 20 so as to vary the spring tension or pressure exerted by the spring on the valve. The collar 19 in its practical embodiment may be carried by a stem 21 slidably mounted within the screw 20, threaded through a wall of the air chamber, and is adapted to be temporarily depressed by a priming control 22, whereby an increase in the spring pressure may be temporarily provided to restrict or retard the opening of the valve 16 and theladmission of air to the carburetor thereby insuring a richer mixture for starting the engine. The port 15 is preferably disposed in opposition to the diaphragm 14 so as to simplify the connection between the valve and said diaphragm. This connection may consist simply of a single link or rod 23 which will transmit the movement of the diaphragm to the air valve, and vice versa, whereby the uniformity of the combustible mixture is maintained not only throughout the 4normal operation of the vehicle but also during sudden accelerations thereof.

Furthermore, any priming pressure on the l spring 18 will be more or less transmitted to the diaphragm with a resultant displacement of the fuel in the fuel line and a rise of the liquid in the nozzle.

The operation of the improved carburetor is briefly described as followst-In starting the engine by means of a priming operation, the lever 22 is actuated to urge the air valve 16 closer to its seat, and any movement of the valve 1-6 will be transmitted through the connecting link 23 to the diaphragm 14 which, when pressed inwardly, will cause the gasoline to well up into the nozzle 3 so as to be more readily enriched and be acted upon by the nozzle-enveloping air currents.

With the priming lever 22 released, the air valve 16 will open to its normal position substantially as indicated in the drawing, or to such extent as to'supply the requisite volume of air for the effective carburetion of the liquid fuel. When an accelerated action is desired, by a further opening of the throttle 6, an increased air supply Will result, and during the operation of the ordinary carburetor this volume or" air is momentarily increased more rapidly than the liquid fuel can be supplied thereto, resulting in a leaner combustile mixture insucient to maintain the engine active up to its normal efeiency.

However, mproved carburetor the opening of the air valve resisted or opposed by the fuel displacing device i4 which in turn is acted upon by 'se variation in the liquid fuel line. T` n increase in the volume of air passing tr., ,nel nozzle 3 is thus enriched by a more or less corresponding increase in the fuel therefrom` f with the sudden ow or spurt of fuel line the diaphragm 14 urge the valve 16 toward u' of' acceleration, or until feed line accommodates the liquid 4 Wil itself to the accelerated conditions whereupon the diaphragm 14 will return to its new normal as defined by the volume of air passing through the port 15. In other words, the tendency for the valve16 to open and remain open and admit the increase in the air volume called for by the opening of the throttle has a counter-force in the diaphragm 14 responding to the sudden and momentary pressure reduction in the feed line, the counter-acting 4effect resulting in a controlled or measured inflow of air sufflcient to carburet the increased fuel feed whereby the elements entering into the combustible mixture substantially maintain their proper proportions to render the combustible mixture substantially uniform throughout the accelerating period. The air valve thus aids in returning the displacing member 14 to a non-displacing or inoperative position. As soon as the entire fuel column between the supply tank and the nozzle catches up and accords with its new fiow, required by the accelerated action of the engine, the diaphragm 14 will gradually respond to the urge or pull exerted by the valve 16 so that the volume of air admitted to the carburetor will be gradually increased in substantial proportion to the increased supply of fuel to the nozzle 3. As the pressure maintaining in the passage 5, adjacent the mouth of nozzle 3, will be sufficient to prevent retrograde movement of fuel in the passages 1 and 3, full opening movement of the valve 16, following the initial accelerating action, will cause the diaphragm 14 to raise, lifting fuel from the tank 12 through the line 11 into the chamber 8. This lifting action will accelerate the flow of fuel through the fuel line 11, enabling it to catch up with the accelerated flow of fuel through the passage 1 and nozzle 3. This action is of particular importance where the fuel line 11, which bustible mixture when suddenly called -upon therefor, and maintains the gas uniform throughout the acceleration of the engine.

What is claimed is:

1 l. A carburetor comprising an atomizing chamber, a co-operating fuel nozzle associated therewith, a fuel passage leading to the nozzle and having a exible wall displaced by and in response to pressure variations in the passage, an air chamber communicating with the atomizing chamber and having a port opening to the atmosphere in opposition to the flexible wall of the fuel chamber, a valve controlling the air flow through said air port, and motion transmitting means connecting the air valve to the flexible wall whereby the opening movement of the valve is resisted and controlled by an outward nexing of the wall.

' 2. A carburetor comprising an atomizing Chamber, a fuel nozzle associated therewith, a fuel passage loading to the nozzle and having an enlarged chamber formed with a diaphragm, an air chamber communica-ting with the atomizing chamber and having a port opening to the atmosph'ere, a valve controlling the air flow through said air port and opening in a direction away from the diaphragm, a lini: connecting the air valve to the diaphragm .*Tereby the opening mavcment of the `valve is resisted. an outward ing movement of flexing of the diaphragm? and means for exerting a counter-acting pressure on the valve-diaphragm unit for resisting and controlling openthe valve.

3. A' carburetor comprising an atomizing chamber, a fuel nozzle discharging therein, a fuel passage leading to the nozzle and having a ilexible wall, an air, chamber commimicating with the -atomizing chamber, a valve controlling the air now through said air chamber, a link connecting the air valve to the flexible wail whereby the opening movement of the valve is resisted by an outward iiexingof the wall, and a spring for urging the valve to a closed position.

4. A carburetor comprising an atomizing chamloer, a cooperating fuel nozzle, a fuel passage leading to the nozzle and having an enlarged chamber formed with a flexible wall, an air chamber communicating with the'atomizing chamber and having a port opening to the atmosphere. a valve controlling the -air flow through said air port and opening in a direction away from the :dexible wall, a link connecting the air valve to the flexible wail whereby the opening movement of the valve is resisted and controlled by an outward ilexing-of the wall, a tubular member ad- `iustably disposed in o'ppodticuiI to the valve, a stem slidable in the tubular member and carrying a collar fin opposition to the air valve, a spring compressed between the collar and the air valve for urging the latter to its seat, and means for shifting the stem to tresiiientiy' urge the air valve toward its seat for priming purposes.

5. A carburetor comprising an atomizing chamber, a fuel nozzle discharging therein, afuel passage leading to the nozzle, a flexible wall in `said passage. an air chamber communicating with the atomizing chamber and having a port, a valve controlling the air iiow lthrough said air port, means connecting the air valve to the flexible wall whereby the opening movement of the valve willberesistedbyanoutwardfiexingofthewall, and means for moving the air valve toward its seat and through said connecting means flex the .wall inwardly thereby to exert an increased pres-v sure on the `fuel line for priming purposes.

6; A fuel feed system comprising a supply tank, a carburetor having an atomizing chamber and a cooperating fuel nozzle, said body having an air port, a valve for controlling the passage of air through the port. a fuel line connecting the tanktothecarburetor,amemberrespcnsivcto pressure variationsinthefuelline,andmcans connecting said member to the air valve whereby responsive action of seid member will correspond to the movement of the valve `toward and from its seat to effect a substantially uniform proporticnment of the carbureting air to the supplied fuel whereby a uniform combustible mixture results. '1. In a fuel feeding withasupplytanhacarburetorhavinganatomthe combination izing chamber and a.A nozzle discharging therein. and a fuel line connecting the nomic to the supply tank, of means for exerting a displacing pressure upon the fuel in the said fuel line at a point adja cent the nomic, and an airivalve for admitting air to the carburetor and connected to said displacing means to act by and during opening movement of the valve for urging the displacing means to its inoperative position.

8. In combination with a source of fuel supply, a carburetor and a fuel supply line connecting said source and said carburetor, the latter having an air valve, a fuel discharge nomic, a fuel passage connecting said supply line yand said nozzle, and a iiexible portion'in a wail of said fuel supply line operably associated with said air valve and said fuel passage to increase the volume of said fuel passage upon opening movement of said air valve, whereby opening movement'of said valve will effect an acceleration of fuel in said passage and supply line between said source and said means.

9. Acarburetor comprisinganatomizing chamber, a fuel nozzle associated therewith, a fuel passage leading to the nozzle and having a chamber, a member movable into the passage chamber for displacing fuel therein, an air inlet passage into the atomizing chamberna valve controlling the air iiow through said air inlet passage, and means connecting the displacing member to the air valve for transmitting movement therebetween to effect displacing action of said member when said valve closes, the fuel passage in the carburetor being constantly open to fuel now into said atomizing chamber whereby fuel may flow into the atomizing chamber regardless of the positions of said air valve and said movable member.

l0. In a carburetor, an atomising chamber, a fuel nomic associated therewith, a fuel passage for normally conducting fuel to said nozzle, a closed chamber in the fuel passage adjacent the nozzle,-a throttle valve, a fluid responsive member movable in accordance with the position of the throttle valve by fluid passing thereby. and means operable by said fluid responsive member for eniargingandcontractingsaidchamberastheiiow of fluid past said throttle valve respectively increases and decreases.`

11. a carburetor comprising a body having an atomizing chamber and a cooperating fuel nozzle, a fuel passage for conducting fuel tofsaid nomic, saidbodyhavinganairmavalve for controllingthepassageofairthroughtheport, and means for automatically increasing the supply of fuel passing through the fuel passage to the nozzle whenths air valve is closing. said passage between the meansand nozzle being open for fuelpassage irrespective of the position of said valve.

HENRY HUEBER. IRWIN C. HORTON.

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