US1979787A - Wax polish - Google Patents

Description

Patented Nov. 6, 1934 UNITEDSTATESLPATENT OFFICE r I 1,979,787 I I .Standard Oil Company,

tion 01' Indiana Chicago, 111., a corpora- No Drawing. Application June 22, 1931,

Serial No. 546,168

' 11 Claims. (01. 134- 24)- This invention relates to asolid wax polish for use on automobiles, Iurniture, etc.

The object of this invention is to provide a polish which will give a lasting. tough, hard, durable wax coating and which may be applied without the use of an abrasive and without undue manual effort.

There are at present two general types of automobile polishes One type is applied as a liquid or cream, which contains an abrasive, soap and/or cleaning material in addition to an oil and a soft wax base, and although a single application is sufiicient to obtain, an oily or. waxy coating, the resulting coating is usually soft, shows finger prints and is not lasting. The other type of polish gives a much harder'and more permanent type of coating, but it must be preceded by the use of an abrasive cleaner, the cleaner must be thoroughly removed and theapplication of the wax itself requires a greata'mount of manual efiort. The object of my invention is to obtain the hard, tough, durable coating of the latter without the use of a cleaner and. with the manual ease which characterizes the use of the former.

In practicing my inventionI make a wax base .of a hard wax-like carnauba or japan wax and a plasticizing agent such as petroleum or a mixture of petrolattun' and petrolatum wax. I heat the wax base above its melting point and incorporate .it in an ioil -in-water emulsion which is prepared in such a manner that it will "set or solidify on cooling. Theoil is sufliciently nonvolatile to act "as a carrier to effect distribution of the wax on the surface to'be polished and it is sufiiciently volatile to be completely evaporated from the surface after a few moments of rubbing. The polish has all the advantages of solid wax polishes and it is in fact a solid cake. At the same time it is an aqueous emulsion and it may therefore he applied to .an automobile surface which has mot been previously cleaned (of course any abrasive material must be removed which would scratch ,the surface when the polish is being applied).

My invention will be more clearly understood from a description of my preferred formula and my preferred method of processing the ingredients. I will first describe the preparation of my wax base containing hardwax and plasticizing agent. I will then describe the preparation of the emulsion and the incorporation oi. the wax base therein. q

The wax base may be made by melting together the i'ollowing ingredients:

Percent by 7 weight Carnauba wax 66.5. Petrolatum wax (160 to 165 F. melting I point) 26.6 Petrolatum (140 F. melting point)..- 6.3 Rosin 0.6

- It should be understood, of course, that the above formula is illustrative only and that I may vary somewhat from the above proportions without departing from my invention. Carnauba wax or japan wax are my preferred hard waxes but I may use others, such as candelilla, Montan wax, etc. Petrolatum wax is a tough, amorphous (non.- crystallin) oil-free, petroleum wax which resembles beeswax in appearance and physical properties. Ordinary commercial petrolatum is petrolatum wax admixed with a small amount 01' residual oil. Petrolatums oi diflerent melting points may be used in other proportions without departing from my invention. Rosin may, if desired, be omitted entirely.

My finished polish may be made according to the tollowingformula: v i

, Percent Wax base prepared as above desoribed.. 9 Refined oil (narrow cut) 41 Emulsifier 0.5 Water 49.5

The refined oil is a distillate having an initial boiling point 01' about 350 F. and an end point of about 475 F. Although it is not necessary that these precise limits be maintained, it is important that a narrow out be used of about this range: The so-called W.W. 150 (water white kerosene), with a boiling range of about 373 to 504 F. evaporates too-slowly, while ovleum spirits, with a boiling range of about 300 to 425 F. evaporates too rapidly to give best results. The narrow boiling range of the refined oil is of particular importance in a set or solid emulsion of this type. It is also of particular importance that the oil be highly refined (treated with sulfuric acid for the removal of unsaturateds and othe i p ties) because I have. found that un- 1 will permit. 3 i

treated light petroleum distillates may be injurious to the skin.

The emulsifier is preferably ordinary starch, although equivalent emulsifiers may be used provided that they will give a stable emulsion as hereinafter described.

In preparing my finished product I melt the base stock with the refined oil and heat the mixture to a temperature of about 175 to 200 F. I then boil a 1% starch solution and make an oilin-water emulsion in a colloid mill at atemper'ature above the melting point of the 'wax and below the boiling point of the water, usuallyat about 130 to 200 F. When the resulting emulsion cools, it sets to form a semi-hard, solidified emulsion which is extremely stable and which possesses entirely different structural properties from the ordinary liquid oil-in-water emulsions of the same concentration'smThe' product may be stored for an indefinite period of time without separation, and it may be easily handled and applied. Although my preferred formula calls for about 50% water, I may vary the formula to in either direction.

While I do not limit myself to any theory, of operation I would like to point out a few features which I believe contribute toward the phenomenal success of'this polish. The use .of a narrow cut of an oil carrier results in the application of an even coat which on polishing is substantially free from oil. Since the polish is in the form of an aqueous emulsion, it spreads easily on any surface, wet or dry, and although it contains no abrasive material it has a pronounced cleaning efiect, due apparently to its emulsified form and to the solvent power'of the water contained as an external phase. Where-the surface to be polished is excessively dirtyfthe wax may. of course, be preceded by an abrasive cleaner of the usual type. The polish is mucheasier to apply than solid wax-polishes heretofore used and it yields a hard, durable, lustrous finish which is unexcelled.

While'I-have described a preferred embodiment of my inventionit is understood that I do not limit myself'to the details therein set forth except as defined by the following claims which are to beconstrued broadly as the prior art I claim:

1. A wax polish comprising a mixture of hard waxand a petrolatum wax incorporated in a light petroleum oil dispersed in a set aqueous emulsion.

2. A waxpolish' comprising a hard wax, and a petrolatum wax incorporated in a refined oil having a boiling-range of about 350 to 475 F. dispersed in a solid aqueous emulsion.

3. A combination of claim 2 wherein the hard wax is carnauba wax.

4. A combination of claim 2 wherein the hard wax is Montan wax.

5. A wax polish comprising a hard wax, petrolatum wax, and petrolatum incorporated in a refined petroleum oil having a boiling range of about 350 to 475 F., said oil being dispersed in a set aqueous emulsion.

6. A wax polish comprising a set oil-in-water emulsion having about the following formula:

Percent Hard wax-petrolatum mixture 9 Refined oil (350 to 475 F.) 41

Emulsifier .5 'Water 49.5;

*7.'The method ofimaking a wax polishfor automobiles .which comprises boiling .about 5% starch in 49.5% water, and emulsifying therein a mixture of about 9% of a hard wax base with 41% of a refinedlight petroleum oil at a temperature below the boiling point of water and above the melting point of the wax base.

8. The method of making a solid wax polish for automobiles which comprises incorporating a hard wax in a refined light oil carrier, emulsi- 'fying the same in a hot starch solution and allowing the emulsion to cool and solidify.

9.; A wax polish comprising a hard wax-petrolatum mixture dissolved in'a solvent having a boiling range of about 350-475" F., said'wax and solvent being emulsified with a volume of water substantially equal to the volume of the solution, and an emulsifying agent for emulsifying said hard wax solution with said water; v

10. The method of makinga solid wax polish, which comprises forming a wax mixture consisting ofabout two parts oi a hard wax ofthe class consisting of carnauba, Montan, candelilla and japan wax with about one part of a plasticizing agent comprising a petrolatum wax, incorporating said wax mixture in a refined light oil carrier, emulsifying" the light oil solution of wax in about an equal volume of water, and allowin the emulsion to solidify.

11. A wax polish comprising a hard wax of the class consisting of japan wax, carnauba wax, Montan wax and candelilla wax admixed with a smaller volume of petrolatum wax, both waxes being dissolved in a solvent having a boiling range of about BSD-475 F., theysolvent containing said wax being emulsified with a volume of water substantially equal "to the volume of the wax solution, and an emulsifying agent for emulsifying the wax solution in the water.

' MAURICE H. ARVESON.

CERTIFICATE or CORRECTION.

rmm No. 1,919,787. November 6, 1934.

' MAURICE H. ARVESON.

It is herehy'eertified that error appears in the printed specification of the "above numbered patent requiring correction as ioliows: Page 1, line 27, for

"petroleum" read petrolatumwgnd that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that'ithe same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office. v i

Signed ind seal-ed thi: 5th day ofgFebruary, A. D 1935. I

Leslie Frazer (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.