US1971692A - Method and apparatus for forming concrete piles - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 28, 1934. O L, NADEL 1,971,692

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING CONCRETE FILES Filed Feb. 15. 1932 g 2:1NVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 28, I934 PATENT, OFFICE.

METHOD ANDAPPARATUS FOR FORMING CONCRETE PILES Louis Nadel, New York,

Steel Pile Corporation poration of New York N. Y., assignoi' to Pierce New York, Y., a cor- Application February 15, 1932 Serial No. 592333 12 Claims.

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for forming concrete piles, and more par ticularly for sinking into the ground a thin shell in which the pile is subsequently cast.

An object of the invention is to facilitate the sinking of these comparatively frail shells.

A further object is to enable such pileforms to be driven against great resistance and to overcome ground conditions which prevent the installation of ordinary cast-in-place concrete piles.

A further object is to obviate any necessity for expensive and troublesome collapsible driving forms inside the shells.

In accordance with the invention, the shell is provided with an integral, reinforced, armorclad, pre-cast concrete point. The driving force can be applied to the top of this solid point through a simple solid mandrel, readily removable from the shell.

More specifically, the form comprises a tubular, corrugated shell, a sheet or plate metal boot overlapping the end of the shell, and the concrete point cast in the boot and the lower part of the shell, forming a mechanical bond and affording a point of such strength that it can be driven like a projectile through timbers, riprap, boulders, etc, to firm bearing. The shell extending upward from the point can be pulled into the ground, aided or not by gentle pressure.

The steps include the assembling of the shell and boot, the casting of the point in'the lower end of theshell, and the sinking of the shell by applying driving force to the armored and reinforced point. i i j In the accompanying drawing, forming part hereof:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section showing a shell and point being driven into the ground, upper and intermediate portions being broken away; and

Fig. 2 is a cross-seotion on the line 2-2 of Fi 1.

A cylindrical shell 2 is formed of light sheet metal, preferably corrugated circularly or spiral- 1y, or stiffened in an equivalent manner to enable it to withstand earth pressure. The lower end of this shell has a rolled or wire head 3, providing a strong circular reinforcement at this region.

A hollow boot 4, preferably tapering to a rounded point, constitutes an armor for the concrete body 5 of the point. Such a boot can be easily and cheaply formed from sheet or plate metal, and may or many not be of heavier gauge than the shell proper. The upper portion of the boot is preferably bulged over the reinforcement 3 and is then drawn in to the side of the shell, to which it is integrally united by a weld 6 afiording an additional circumferential reinforcement. V

A special reinforcement 7 is placed inside the closed lower end of the shell, and the concrete point 5 is then cast in the boot and. the lower part or" the corrugated shell, rigidly bonding the joint and strongly connecting the shell with the point, so that there is no possibility of the point pulling away from the shell during driving. The embedded reinforcement 7 is of wire disposed in a broad helix, or otherwise of such nature as to enable the concrete to resist the effect of the driving force, and more particularly to bind it together against any tendency to split asunder under the stress of resultant forces acting outward from the center.

' The form and point are driven into the ground by means of a hollow, rigid mandrel 8, which may be allowed a free clearance in the shell. The lower end of this mandrel is provided with a blunt end piece 9 adapted to distribute the force of the blows over the top of the concrete body 5. This end may be slightly coned or convexed, in which event the concrete point is formed with a corresponding concavity at the top.

After the form has been driven to the proper resistance, the driving mandrel is lifted out and theshell is filled with concrete. 7 It will be understood that the shell may be extended by any suitable number of sections of any desired length,- and that the mandrel may also be extended by, adding sections.

The preferred embodiment and method of execution of the invention have been described in detail, but it will be evident that various modifications are-permissible.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for the construction of concrete piles in the ground, comprising a sheet-metal shell to be sunk to serve as a permanent form for the casting of a pile, a pre-cast, concrete point connected to the lower end of the shell by a connection of sufficient strength to pull the shell into the ground when a driving force is applied to the concrete point by a mandrel within the shell, and an armor connected to the shell and covering the face of the concrete point to protect it from breakage so that it is capable of penetrating against great resistance and through soil containing obstructions.

2. In apparatus for the construction ofconcrete piles in the ground, the combination of a sheet-metal shell, a pre-cast concrete driving point in the lower part of the shell, the lower portion of said concrete driving point extending beyond the bottom edge of the shell, and a boot connected to the shell and covering the driving face of the concrete point to serve as an armor for the concrete point.

3. In apparatus for the construction of concrete piles in the ground, the combination of a sheet-metal shell, a hollow boot connected to the shell, and a pre-cast concrete driving point in the boot and the lower part of the shell, so that a mandrel inside the shell and applying driving force to said point will pull the shell into the ground.

4. In apparatus for the construction of concrete piles in the ground, the combination of a corrugated sheet-metal shell, a sheet-metal boot overlapping the lower end of the shell and connected therewith, and a body .of. concrete, with internal reinforcement, pre-cast in said boot and the lower end of the shell, bonding the same and forming a reinforced armored point of great strength adapted to receive driving force applied through a mandrel and capable of penetrating against great resistance.

5. In apparatus for the construction of concrete piles in the ground, the combination of a corrugated sheet-metal shell having a reinforcement bead around its lower end, a sheet-metal boot, the top of which extends upward over the reinforced lower end of the shell, a concrete point pre-cast in said boot and the lower part of the shell, and reinforcing means embedded in said concrete point. 7 w

6. In apparatus for the construction of concrete piles in the ground, the combination of a corrugated sheet-metal shell having a reinforcement bead around its lower end, a sheet-metal boot, the top of which extends upward over the reinforced lower end of the shell, a weld uniting the top of the boot to the outside of the shell, a concrete point pre-cast in said boot and the lower part of the shell, and reinforcing means embedded in said concrete point. i I

'7. The method of constructing concrete piles which comprises attaching an armor boot to the lower end of a sheet metal shell, introducing concrete in the boot and the lower part of the shell to form a point, after the concrete has set sinking the shell and boot into the ground by a driving force transmitted through the interior of the shell to the concrete point, and thereafter introducing additional concrete into the shell to complete the pile.

8. Apparatus for the construction of concrete piles, comprising a tubular sheet-metal shell formed with circularly extending corrugations for stiffening the shell to withstand earth pressure,

a bead at the lower end of the shell providing a strong circular reinforcement at this region, a hollow sheet-metal boot having a tapering point at its lower end and having its upper portion bulged over the bead and welded to the shell, a reinforced concrete point pre-cast in the hollow boot and lower end of the shell, and reinforcing wire in the concrete and extending circularly around the axis of the shell to bind the concrete together against resultant forces acting outward from the center when the assembly is driven into the ground by means of a mandrel applied to the upper side of the reinforced concrete point.

9. In apparatus for the construction of concrete piles in the ground, the combination of a sheetmetal shell having a reinforcement bead around its lower end, a sheet-metal boot, the top of which extends upward over the reinforced lower end of the shell, and a concrete point pre-cast in said boot and the lower part of the shell.

10. In apparatus for the construction of concrete piles in the ground, the combination of a sheet-metal shell having a reinforcement bead around its lower end, a sheet-metal boot, the top of which extends upward over the reinforced lower end of the shell, a weld uniting the top of the boot to the outside of the shell, and a concrete point pre-cast in said boot and the lower part of the shell.

11. In apparatus for the construction of concrete piles in the ground, the combination of a metal shell for serving as a permanent form for the casting of a pile, and a body of pre-cast con crete covered with armor to form a driving point capable of penetrating against great resistance, said point being connected to the shell by a connection of sumoient strength to pull said shell into the ground when the point is driven into the ground by means of a mandrel which extends within the shell and contacts with the upper side of the pre-cast concrete point.

12. Apparatus for the construction of concrete piles,- comprising a tubular sheet-metal shell formed with corrugations for stiffening the shell to withstand earth pressure, a bead at the lower end of the shell providing a strong reinforcement at this region, a hollow sheet-metal boot having a tapering point at its lower end and having its upper portion bulged over the bead and welded to the shell, a reinforced concrete point pre-cast in the hollow boot and lower end of the shell, and reinforcing wire in the concrete to bind the concrete together against resultant disrupting forces when the assembly is driven into the ground by means of a mandrel applied to the upper side of the reinforced concrete point.

LOUIS NADEL.

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