US1965652A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

,July 10, 1934.

G. L. KENNEDY 1,965,652

CARBURETOR Original Filed Aug. 7, 19.26

3/ mvE/vTon:

Gqy L. Kennedy I .HTT0RHEY Patented July 10, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT; OFFICE Ken-Grip Corporation, poration of New York New York, N. Y., a cor- Application August 7, 1926, Serial No. 127,858 Renewed October 15, 1931 15 Claims.

My invention pertains to an improved carburetor; especially a carburetor intended to serve the purpose of mixing liquid fuel with air, and converting same into a suitable motive agent for internal combustion engines.

It is an object of the invention to provide a carburetor which is inexpensive to manufacture, of few parts, compact in form and size; and yet capable of supplying fuel and air in correct proportions and in the full volume required.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor of such construction that the relative quantities of air and liquid fuel can be obtained in the necessary ratio for all conditions and speeds of the engine to which the carburetor is attached.

Further objects and advantages of my invention will be apparent from the following specification; which, with the drawing, discloses a preferred form of my improved carburetor; but I of course reserve the right to make changes in details which do not depart from the principle of the invention or exceed the scope of the appended claims.

On the drawing:

Figure 1 is an end view, and Figure 2 a side view of a carburetoraccording to my invention;

Figure 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Figure Figure 4 is a section on the line 4--4 of Figure 1; and

Figure 5 is a top view of the carburetor, and Figure 6 a bottom view thereof.

The same numerals identify the same parts throughout.

The carburetor as set forth herein comprises a casing 1 in the shape of a hollow open-ended cylinder, one side of which has a pair of alined extensions making a flange 2 by which the carburetor can be secured to the intake of the engine. In this side is the outlet 3 of the carburetor; and the cylinder or casing 1 also has, preferably on the opposite side, a pair of bosses 4 and 5; the latter of which communicates with the interior of the casing-through a port 6. The boss 5 contains a compartment '7, and its end is threaded internally to receive a screw plug 8, having a duct 9. This plug can be united in any suitable way to the gasoline supply conduit, so that gasoline or other fuel can enter the compartment '7 and flow thence through the inlet or port 6 into the casing 1. At the delivery end of the port 6, the interior surface of the casing 1 is recessed to provide a small chamber or well 10. This well or pocket serves as a reservoir of limited capacity, in which the liquid fuel collects and from which it is drawn and vaporized by the air flowing through the casing 1, in the quantity required by the conditions of operation at any given instant.

Inside the casing 1 is a rotary valve or controlling member comprising an outer shell 11, open at one end, and with an external flange 12 at the opposite end, which is closed except for an opening at the center. Through this shell passes a hollow tubular stem 13, having a head 14 which closes the open end of the shell 11; the stem 13 passing through the central opening in the closed end of the shell. This head 14 has an extension 15 that projects into the open end of the shell 11, and. centers the stem 13 therein. The flange 12 and the periphery of the head 15 engage and close the two opposite ends of the casing to keep the valve in place, and the extremity of the stem 13 projecting through closed end of the shell 11 which has the flange 12, is threaded to receive a binding nut 16. Between the nut 16 and the casing 1 is a disk having an .arm 17 to enable the valve to be rotated. This disk is clamped tightly by the nut 16, but it may also be pinned to the shell 11 if desired, so that it is rigid with the valve.

In one side of the shell 11 is a port 18, to open and close, wholly or partly, the outlet port 3; and in the opposite side of the casing are inlet ports 19, on both sides of the boss 5 with port 6 and well 10; To open and close the ports 19, the shell 11 has ports 20 therein. Between the ports 20, the outside surface of the shell 11 has a number of small axially extending grooves or channels 21, made by scoring the surface of this shell; these grooves all lying across the well 10 when the valve is in such position as to open the port 3 fully. 4

In practice, liquid fuel fills the reservoir or pocket 10 and runs through the grooves 21 into the ports 19 at the sides, and is vaporized by the air which flows through the ports 19, and inside the valve around the stem 13, and out to the engine through the ports 18. and 3. When the valve is in open position, all the grooves 21 will be in communication with the reservoir 10, and the quantity of gasoline and air supplied will both be a maximum. When, however, the port 18 does not fully register with the port 3, as by rotating the valve in clockwise direction with reference to Figure 3, only a part of the grooves 21 will be over the well 10, and the quantity of gasoline which can then flow to the openings 19 will be reduced. The grooves 21 serve not only to divide the liquid fuel into a number of fine streams or jets, so that it can be instantly and thoroughly vaporized and taken up by the air, but they also enable the quantity of gasoline to be admeasured to the finest degree. Since an increasing number of these grooves register with the reservoir 10 as the valve is moved to carry the port 18 more and more to uncover the port 3, more and more fuel can be fed into the air stream .in proportion to the increase in the volume of air flowing through the carburetor, and the ratio of the gasoline and air can be kept constant and at the value required. Thus when the opening 3 is half uncovered, only half as much gasoline or the like fuel will be supplied to the air entering the casing through the ports 19 and 20, as when the.

opening 3 is fully uncovered, because only half the grooves 21 will then be in communication with the well 10, and so for all other positions of the rotary valve in the casing 1, so far as natural conditions permit. Hence the motive agent for the engine is always of constant composition, and the vaporization is always so efficient and thorough that a perfectly dry product is obtained which ignites instantly in the engine, gives complete combustion, maximum power and smooth running of the engine. 7

' The chamber '7 communicates with the boss 4 by a small port 22, which is normally closed by a conical valve head 23 on a stem 24. This head has a shoulder 25, against which abuts a spring 26 encircling the stem 24; and the other end of the spring 26 abutsa cap 27 that screws upon threads at the outer end of the boss 4 and closes it. In the stem is a hole 28 for a wire to enable the stem 24 to be pulled to open the valve 23. The interior of the boss 4 communicates with the inside of the casing 1 by way of a duct 29, and the shell 11 has a port 30, which registers with the duct 29 when the valve in the casing 1 closes or substantially closes'the ports 3 and 19, and none of the grooves 21 are in communication with the reservoir 10. Then if the stem 24 be pulled, the valve 23 opens the port 22, and fuel can be supplied to the casing through the bypass formed by the port 22 and the duct 29. Thus fuel can be provided for starting by priming the engine with relatively much fuel but only a little air, as required.

Opposite the boss 4 and in line therewith on the opposite side of the boss 4 may be a similar boss 4, closed by a plug 31. This boss can be used to receive the priming or starting valve, if desired, when connections can more conveniently be made on the side Where the second boss is situated. 7

The stem or core 13 of the valve leaves just enough free space around it and between it and the interior surface of the shell 11 to allow sufficient air and fuel to flow to keep the engine running and develop full power at its maximum speed. In other words, this stem restricts the air space inside the valve, so that when the engine is operating at its highest permissible speed, just enough air and fuel as is required, and no more, can flow through the carburetor.

I prefer to leave the ends of the stem 13 open.

' Then, if desired, I can insert a heating element,

in the form of an electric coil or some other appliances for the purpose, into the stem, to warm the air and make it vaporize the fuel more readily. Such an element is indicated at 32.

Having described my invention, what I believe to be new and desire to secure and protect by Letters Patent of the United States is;

1. A carburetor comprising a casing, and a controlling member therein, the casing having a reservoir for fuel, and the member having a plurality of open channels in its outer surface movable into communication between their ends with the reservoir to provide a variable number of outlets for the fuel therefrom, and thus regulate the quantity of fuel supplied to the carburetor.

"buretor in accordance with the volume of air entering the casing.

3. A carburetor comprising a cylindrical casing having a transverse reservoir for fuel on its interior, and .a rotatable controlling valve in the casing, the surface of the valve closing the reservoir, said valve having a plurality of axially disposed open channels on its exterior, so that as 'the valve is turned a variable number of said channels can be carried into position to communicate between their ends with said reservoir, and

thus regulatethe exit of fuel therefrom.

4. A carburetor comprising a cylindrical casmg, with ports for the admission of air thereto, said casing having a transverse reservoir for fuel on its interior, and a rotatable controlling valve in the casing having corresponding ports, the surface of the valve closing the reservoir, said valve having a plurality of axially disposed open channels on its exterior so that as the valve is turned, a variable number of said channels can be carried into position to communicate between their ends with said reservoir and thus regulate the amount of fuel supplied to the carburetor in accordance with the volume of air entering the casing.

5. A'carburetor comprising a cylindrical casing with a flange at one side, and a boss at the opposite side, the casing having inlet ports at each side of said boss and an outlet port through the flange, to provide a passage through said casing, and a rotatable valve disposed transversely in the casing and having corresponding inlet ports, and an outlet port to be moved into or out of registry with the ports in said casing, the casing having a fuel reservoir in its interior surface between said inlet ports, and the valve having axial channels on its exterior crossing said reservoir, a greater or smaller number of channels putting the reservoir into communication with said inlet ports, according to the position of the valve, for the purpose set forth.

6. A carburetor comprising a casing with a reservoir for fuel therein, and having a plurality of continuous ducts controllable so that the fuel can be delivered through a variable number of said ducts from the middle byway of both ends thereof into the air stream flowing through said carburetor.

' 7. A carburetor comprising a casing with a reservoir for fuel therein, and having a plurality of continuous ducts controllable so that the fuel can be delivered through a variable number 01' said ducts from the middle by way of both ends thereof into the air stream flowing through said carburetor, said ducts delivering directly into the air stream so that the latter can create a substantial vacuum in said reservoir.

8. A carburetor comprising a casing having a fuel reservoir therein, and a part having a plurality of continuous ducts and movable so that ducts from the middle by way of both ends thereof into the air stream through the carburetor, said ducts being connected with the air stream so that the latter can create a substantial vacuum in said reservoir.

10. A carburetor comprising a casing having a valve rotatably mounted therein, the casing having a pair of inlet ports and an outlet port, the casing also being provided with a fuel feeding chamber between the inlet ports, and the valve having corresponding ports to be moved into and out of registry with the ports of the casing, the valve having fuel feeding ducts on its exterior to connect said chamber to said inlet ports.

11. A carburetor comprising a cylindrical casing, and a rotatable valve in the casing closing the ends thereof, the casing having two alined inlet ports in one side and an outlet port in the opposite side, the valve having corresponding ports to close or open said inlet and outlet ports of the casing in proportion to the degree of the turning movement of said valve, so that the volume of air passing through the carburetor increases in proportion to the degree of turning movement of said valve from closed to open position, and decreases similarly during the turning movement of the valve from open to closed position, said casing also having a fuel chamber adjacent the inlet ports and the valve having ducts to connect said chamber to the interior of the casing adjacent said ports.

12. A carburetor comprising a cylindrical casing and a rotatable valve in the casing closing the ends thereof, the casing having two alined inlet ports in one side and an outlet port in the opposite side, the valve having corresponding ports to close or open said inlet and outlet ports of the casing in proportion to the degree of the turning movement of said valve, so that the volume of air passing through the carburetor increases in proportion to the degree of turning movement of said valve from closed to open position, and decreases similarly during the turning movement of the valve from open to closed position, said casing and valve being further shaped to control a stream of liquid fuel supplied to the casing and. delivered at said inlet ports, so that the volume of said stream of fuel will also increase in proportion to the degree of turning movement of said valve from closed to open position and decrease similarly during the turning movement of said valve from open to closed position, and thus sustain a substantially constant ratio to the quantity of air passing through the carburetor, said casing also having a fuel chamber adjacent the inlet ports and the valve having ducts to connect said chamber to the interior of the casing adjacent said ports.

13. A carburetor having a cylindrical casing, a rotatable cylindrical valve in said casing, the valve having an axial stem spaced from the body of the valve, the casing and valve having ports communicating with the interior of the valve, the stem reducing the free space in said cylindrical valve to the minimum value permitted by maximum speed conditions, the casing having a chamber to contain fuel and the valve having ducts on its outside surface to connect said chamber with the interior of the casing.

14. A carburetor comprising a casing having a fuel inlet, and a port and a duct forming a bypass to supply fuel to the carburetor around said inlet, a valve to control said port and having a stem projecting to the exterior of the carburetor to enable said valve to be connected to an outside operating member; and a spring encircling said stem in the carburetor to impel the valve to close said port, the casing having a chamber to contain fuel and the valve having ducts on its outside surface to connect said chamber with the interior of the casing.

15. A carburetor comprising a casing having a fuel inlet, and a port and a duct forming a bypass to supply fuel to the carburetor around said inlet, a boss on the outside of the casing in line with said duct, a valve in the boss seating in said port and having a stem, a cap through which the stem projects closing the end of the boss, and a spring encircling the stem and engaging the valve and the cap to hold the valve against the port to close the latter, the casing having a chamber to contain fuel and the valve having ducts on its outside surface to connect said chamber with the interior of the casing.

GUY L. KENNEDY.

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