US1965097A - Dump body door control - Google Patents

Description

R. E CARTZDAFNER DUMP BODY DOOR CONTROL Filed March 11,

July 3, 1934.

INVENTOR T 4 R ECartzda/he ATTO R N EY Patented July 3, 1934 UNITED STATES DUMP BODY DOOR CONTROL Roy E. Cartzdafner, Passaic, N. 3., assignor, to Magor Car Corporation, llassaic, N. 3., a corporation of Delaware Application March 11,

34 Claims.

The invention relates in general to. an improved form of control for the drop door of a dump car of the type in which a door or doors on opposite sides are released automatically by body is elevated to its normal righted position to positively move the door into its closed position; which will lock the door in such closed position and which will maintain its locking en gagement with the door not only when the car body is in its normal righted position but also when the car side equipped with the door is elevated from its normal position in effecting a tilt ing towards the opposite side of the car.

Among the other objects of the invention, particularly pertinent to the form of the invention herein disclosed, are to provide door control mechanism which will be operatively independent of the underframe when the car body is in its normal righted and elevated position and which control mechanism will beheld in an inoperative-position to permit the door to open when moved into engagement with the underframe on the depressed side of the car body.

Another object of the invention is to provide in a dump car of the type where the car is turned about out-bearing trunnions a rugged structure for supporting the car body centrally on the underframe and minimizing if not entirely eliminating the transference of body strains through the outbearing trunnions while the car body is in its normal righted position.

Still another object of the invention is to pro- 45 vide a self-closing -door locking construction which will tend when free of restraint to move into an operative door locking position.

Various other objects and advantages of the' 1927, Serial No. 174,689

in its normal righted or horizontal position, with one of the side doors and its associate control mechanism omitted, with one side taken on a plane to show the opposite door and its control mechanism in elevation and the other side shown in a plane to show one of the outbearing, supporting trunnions, it being understood that each half of the car illustrated is duplicated transversally of the showing in this figure;

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing in full lines the car dumped to the left and in dot and dash lines showing the car dumped to the right; and

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing the socket connection between the car body and the underframe and taken on the line 3-3 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows. I,

In the illustrated showing, each side of the car is illustrated in parallel transverse planes in order to avoid duplication of parts, but it is to be understood that the right side of the car is similarly equipped with a side door and associated control mechanism as is shown for the left side and that the car may be rocked about a line of trunnions on opposite sides of the car, the trunnions on one side being in line with the pivotal mountings of the door controlled levers for the corresponding side. The detailed description herein will apply equally to the door and its control mechanism on opposite sides of the car and to the outbearing trunnions on opposite sides with obvious changes in direction of the door controlling features.

In the drawing there is shown a car underframe 10, sometimes referred to hereinafter as a support. It is obvious that the door control mechanism and the car body support herein disclosed can be used, with necessary changes inconstruction, upon any form of dumping body, and which construction need not necessarily be a railway car.

A dumping body '11, herein shown to be a car body, is pivotally mounted on the support 10 for tilting movement in opposite directions from its normal horizontal position shown in Fig. 1. The car body includes a floor 12 supported at the center by a body center sill 12'; braced at opposite edges by angle irons 13 and between which center sill and each angle iron fit a transverse stiffening member 14 beneath the floor. It is understood that the car body is tilted, righted, and maybe locked in its righted position, by mechanism forming no part of the present disclosure.

The car body is opened on opposite sides and these openings are closed by drop doors, one of which 15 is illustrated in the drawing. The door 15 is hinged at its lower edge on a concealed hinge connection 16 and the door is so arranged relative to the interior of the car body that the weight 2 when the door is released from the holding efiect of the mechanism particularly constituting the subject matter of the disclosure. It is understood that the showing is conventional as thus far described and has been illustrated to show the adaptability of the invention to conventional side door dump car constructions now in general use.

The door 15 is provided with a depending extension 17 which is most conveniently formed by extending one of the usual upstanding door braces 18. The door is defined on its inner side with sheeting 19 which coacts with the floor 12 to prevent leakage of the car lading on to the hinge connection 16. The extension is provided on its inner edge beneath the pivotal'connection 16 with a cam face 20 designed to cooperate with a door locking lever 21 hereinafter more fully described to ease the opening movement of the door as the car body is tipped. The extreme lower inner face 22 of the extension 17 is fashioned to be engaged by a roller 23 defining the adjacent end of the lever 21 to secure the door in locked position as indicated in Fig. 1. The mechanism for controlling the locking and closing of the door includes the locking lever 21 which is in the form of a rugged casting pivotally mounted adjacent its horizontal center on pivot pin 24 secured to the lower end of a supporting block 25 in turn secured to the adjacent transverse stiffening member 14. The lever is somewhat Y-shaped with a stem arm 25 provided at its outer end with the roller 23 for engaging the door extension 17. The inner end of the lever is bifurcated to form an upper guiding arm 26 adapted to ride over the top of the underframe 10 as hereinafter described and a depending underframe abutting arm 27 adapted to abut against the side of the underframe as indicated in Fig. 2 and as hereinafter more fully described. The pivotal connection 24 is positioned above a line a.-b passing through the points of contact of the lever with the door extension 17 and the point of engagement of the arm 27 with the adjacent side of the underframe as shown in Fig. 2. This construction forms a toggle lock when the car is in the normal, righted position shown in Fig. 1 and the door is similarly locked in closed position when the car side provided with the door is elevated as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2. In this case the toggle arrangement tends to maintain the end 28 of the arm 26 in engagement with the underside of a body door control stop 29 secured to the center sill 12. In this case, it will be noted that the pivotal connection at 24 is above a line c-d passing through the point of engagement of the lever 21 with the door and with the stop 29 on the car body.

The door controlling locking lever 21 thus far described constitutes a complete operable structure and will function as hereinafter described without the use of the spring controlled reach rod illustrated. In order to insure positiveness of operation and the maintenance of the lever in door locking position, especially when the car side is elevated as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, it is suggested herein that a spring be utilized to positively hold the lever in its locking position and to return it to its locking position, if for any cause, such as the accumulation of ice, the lever should fail to move automatically into its several operative positions. For this purpose, a two part reach rod 30 is positioned above the lever with one part 31 pivotally connected to a lug 32 extending upwardly from the lever 21 above the pivotal connection. 24 and the other part 33 pivotally connected to the center sill by means of a bracket 34 preferably forming part of a casting, the lower portion of which constitutes the stop 29. The parts 31 and 33 are mainiained in distended position by means of a coil spring 35.

The underframe 10 is of somewhat conventional structure comprising a center sill 311 formed of longitudinally extending plates 321 and 331 connected across the top by a top plate 341. The plates 321 and 331 are provided along their lengths with door controlling stops 351 provided on their outer faces with side bearing surfaces 36 adapted to be engaged by the arm 27 of the adjacent door locking lever 21. It is understood that there is one such stop for each door controlling mechanism at each side of the car. The door stops 351 are provided at their upper ends with a guiding member 37 which is designed to co-act with the plate 341 to guide the arm 26 into position on top of the underframe when the car body is lowered from the dotted line position in Fig. 2 towards the horizontal full line position shown in Fig. 1. The locking lever 21 is disposed at all times on the side of a longitudinal medial line through the underframe indicated by the line ef, and the side of the car provided with the door which it controls. In this way it is possible to mount the lever controlling the door on one side in the same transverse plane as the lever which controls the door on the opposite side of the car body.

The underframe includes a plurality of cross members 33 spaced along the length of the car underframe to provide on each side outbearing trunnions constituting fulcrums about which the car body is turned during the dumping movement towards either side. Each of the cross members is provided with an outbearing support 39 carrying a trunnion pin 40. The trunnion pins on each side are in longitudinal alignment with the axis of the aligned pivotal connections 24 of the door controlling levers on the respective sides of the car. The trunnions 40 are adapted to be engaged by inverted U-yokes 41 depending from the transverse stiffening members 14 and the car parts are preferably so designed that the transverse stiifening members 14 of the car body are positionedabove and in the same plane with the underframe cross members 38.

The device herein disclosed features the mounting of the car body so that when in normal righted position, all or practically all of the weight of. thecar body and its lading will be transmitted directly-to the massive underframe center sill construction rather than to have any material portion of the lading weight transmitted to the under frame through the outbearing supports.

For this purpose the parts are so designed that normally the yokes 41 are not in engagement with the trunnions 40 but are spaced therefrom a short distance as indicated at 42 in Fig. 1. This clearance is so designed that the yokes will not contact with thetrunnions during slight rocking movement of the car body on the underframe, but will come in contact with the trunnion to resist any abnormal rocking movement of the car body.

It is obviously within the scope of the disclosure to suggest that the car body may'rest directly on the center sill without providing any special means for securing it in position and placing dependence upon the yokes 41 in their loose engagement with the outbearing supports to maintain the car body from shifting on the underframe. In the more complicated form of the invention selected for illustration, means are provided along the medial line of the car for preventing horizontal shifting of the car body relative to the underframe and at the same time providing a construction which will permit the car body to be moved clear of the center sill construction when the car body is selectively tilted to dump in either lateral direction. For this purpose, there is provided at the cross members 38 a socket plate 43 bent to form an open top socket 44 preferably rectangular in plan and with the side walls 45 inclining downwardly and inwardly to provide guiding .surfaces for receiving an extension from the underside of the car body when returned from its dumped into its normal horizontal position. It is obviously within the scope of this disclosure to reverse the position of the parts placing the side walls '45 on the car body and the extension on the underframe. The car body center sill and coacting stiffening members are provided with depending extensions 46 fashioned to fit 2(1) each into its corresponding socket 44.

In operation and assuming that the car is in its normal, righted position as shown in Fig. 1; that it is desired to tilt the car in the direction towards the door herein illustrated, the car body is moved by the usual body turning mechanism and the car side is lowered into the position shown in full line in Fig. 2. During this tilting movement the extensions 46 will be lifted clear of their associated sockets and the line of yokes 41, not shown on the left side of the car, will move into engagement with their associated trunnions, and the car will turn about an axis coinciding or substantially coinciding with the axis of the pivot pins 24 onthe left side of the car.

It will be appreciated from examining the showing in Figs. 1 and 2 that the door locking lever 21 is held in substantially fixed position relative to the underframe while the car body is rotated about the fulcrum of this lever. With the arm 25 thus held in position, the door extension 17 will move past and beneath the roller 23 and which roller may or may not ride along the cam face 20 depending upon whether the cam face has been designed for this purpose, as more fully described in my above identified patent. In either case, the door will fall to the open position shown in Fig. 2, either by its own weight or by its own weight supplemented by the pressure of the lading in the car body. The door is lim ited in its opening position by engagement with a suitably disposed stop 47 carried by the supporting block 25. In case the spring controlled reach rod has been used, this reach rod will become foreshortened as shown in Fig. 2, due to the decreasing of distance between the lever 21 held from inward rotation by the underframe and the car body center sill bracket 34 which in the tilted position tends to approach the lever 21.

In the succeeding elevating movement of thecar side to right the car, the lever is held in position by its engagement with the underframe and the elevating of the depressed side of the car body will cause the cam surface 20 of the extension to ride under and into engagement with the roller 23 thus causing the door to be elevated into its closed position as shown in Fig. 1 until finally the roller 23 is in engagement with the end 22 of the extension in which case the door is restored to its normal locked. position. v

Should it be desired to tilt the car in the opposite direction, that is in the direction away from the side herein disclosed in full lines, it will be understood that the door on the opposite side will function as has been described for the door illustrated. It is a feature of the present disclosure that the door on the elevated side remains locked and is not affected by the tilting operation towards the opposite. side. is illustrated in the dotted line showing in Fig. 2. As the car side is elevated the locking lever 21 moves with the elevated side and away from the underframe. The toggle construction of the lever, either with or without'the spring controlled reach rod, maintains the lever in its normal door locking position and holds the door from accidental opening which might occur as the car body is moved back towards its normal, horizontal position.

By means of the device illustrated, it is possible to provide a positive and simple form of control for the side doors which will be entirely independent of the underframe and will be confined to the car body. It is possible withsuch a construction to separate the car body from the underframe without necessity of disconnecting the door controlling parts from the underframe as would be necessary in similar constructions now known. At the same time, there is Provided a construction in which the door is locked when the car body is in its normal, righted position and when elevated and which lock becomes inoperative and permits the opening movement of the door when the car side is depressed for dumping. I In order-to attain this there is no necessity of modifying conventional car underframe structure, except to provide or utilize a part to constitute a stop for engaging the door controlling lever.

With reference to the central mounting of the car body on the center sill, there is attained all of the advantagesof transferring strain on to rugged underframe parts particularly designed to withstand and transmit such strain and at the same time there is avoided the objectionable features which characterize dump cars centrally supported on relatively weak pivotal mountings. The broad based engagement between the socket and car body illustrated provides for extensive bearings capable of distributing loads in the car body along a material length of the car underframe and which offer no obstruction to the freedom of dumping movement in either direction. As the cross members are not designed to carry the load of the car body when in normal righted position, these members may be made of lighter construction than-is usual in the case of similar structures where the lading is transmitted to the center sill through the outbearing supports. However, in the case illustrated the outbearing supports are present and available to resist any abnormal rocking of the car body on the under-- frame.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe including a center sill provided on one side with a door control stop and with a top plate, cross members secured to opposite sides of the underframe center sill and projecting laterally therefrom, outbearing supports carried by said cross members adjacent their outer ends, a car body including a center sill, a pair of transverse stiffening members projecting laterally of the car body center sill and overlapping the cross members therebelow, said stiffening members provided on their undersides with inverted U-shaped yokes each'adapted respectively to engage the outbearing support beneath the same to provide a ful- This action.

crum for the car body when tilted about the same lever pivoted to the car body adjacent the door controlled by the lever and disposed normally between the door and the adjacent control stop and said levers each provided with a guiding arm adapted to ride across the top plate as the car side provided with the lever is lowered into its normal righted position, a telescopic reach .rod between the car body center sill and the adjacent lever, a spring acting on each lever and tending to maintain it in door locking position, and door stops for limiting the opening movement of the doors.

2. In a dump car, the combination of an under frame including a center sill provided on one side with a door control stop, cross members secured to opposite sides of the center sill and projecting laterally therefrom, an outbearing support carried by each of said cross members adjacent its outer end, a car body including a center sill, a pair of transverse stiffening members projecting laterally of the car body center sill and overlapping the cross members therebelow, said stiffening members provided on their undersides with means adapted respectively to engage the outbearing support beneath the same and coacting therewith to provide fulcrums for the car body when tilted about the same during dumping, said car body provided with side doors, a door control for each door comprising a lever pivoted to the car body adjacent the door controlled by the lever and disposed normally between the door and the adjacent control stop and said levers each provided with a guiding arm adapted to ride over the underframe center sill as the car side provided with the lever is lowered into its normal righted position.

3. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe including a center sill provided on one side with a door control stop, cross members secured to the center sill and projecting laterally therefrom, outbearing supports carried by said cross members adjacent their outer ends, a car body provided on its underside with means adapted to engage the outbear ing supports beneath the same and coacting therewith to provide fulcrums for the car body when tilted about the same during dumping, said car body provided with side doors, a control for each door comprising a lever pivoted to the car body adjacent the door controlled by the lever and disposed normally between the door and the adjacent control stop, and said levers each provided with a guiding arm adapted to ride over the underframe as the car side provided with the lever is lowered into its normal righted position, a telescopic reach rod between the car body center sill and each of said levers and a spring acting on the rod and tending to maintain its associated lever in door locking position 4. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe, a car body mounted thereon for tilting movement and provided on one side with a hinged door adapted to be moved into open position by the weight of the lading in the car body, a door closing and locking means pivoted to the car body, operatively controlled by the movement of the car body into normal righted position for engaging the door to move the same into and to secure the same in closed position, said means adapted to be moved into engagement with the underframe but otherwise free of any connection with the same, and said means being held in abutting engagement with the underframe when the car body is tilted and held by the underframe in position to permit the door to clear said means and to fall past the same into open position.

5. In a dump car, the combination of two parts, mounted for relative rocking movement, one part constituting an under frame and the other part constituting a car body provided with a side door, a door controlling and locking lever pivoted to one of the parts, said lever adapted to be moved into bearing engagement with the other part but otherwise independent of and disconnected from said other part, said lever being disposed between the door and said other part and controlled by the position of the car body to secure the door in locked position when the car body is in its normal, righted position and said lever disposed when the car body is tilted to assume an inoperative position permitting the door to clear the lever and fall into an open position.

6. In a dump car, the combination of an under frame, a tiltable car body carried thereby and provided with a side door, a rigid-door controlling member secured to and elevated with the car body into a position clear of the underframe when the side of the car body provided with the door is elevated, said member fitted between the underframe and door when the car body is in its normal righted position and in this position acting as a compression lock to secure the door in closed position and disposed when the door side of the car body is depressed in position engaging the underframe to permit the door to clear the same as the door is lowered with the car body and thus permit the door to move into an open position.

7. In a dump car, the combination with an underframe provided with an exposed side hearing surface, and a tiltable car body provided with a side door, of door closing and locking mechanism controlled by the relative position of the underframe and car body, including a lever pivoted to the car body with one end fashioned to engage the door and adapted to act on the same and move the same into a closed locked position, said lever having its other end exposed to form an abutting engagement with said side bearing surface and coacting therewith to hold the lever in position fixed relative to the underframe when the door side of the car body is depressed from its normal righted position, said lever and the meeting part of the door designed to permit the door to escape said locking means when the lever is held by its bearing engagement with the underframe during the dumping movement of the car body.

8'. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe provided with a door control stop, a tiltable car-body provided with a side door having a depending extension', a door locking device pivoted to the car body, and disposed when the car body is in its normal righted position substantially filling the space between said stop and door extension and thus tending normally to maintain the door in closed position, and said extension movable on the depression of the door side of the car body past and out of engagement with the door locking device when so disposed in engagement with the underframe thereby to permit the door to open when clear of said locking device.

9. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe, a tiltable car body provided with a door, means carried by the car body and tending normally to maintain the door in its locked position, said door locking means being operatively indeendent of the underframe and adapted to bemoved with the car body into bearing engagement With the underframe when the side provided with the door is depressed and to be held thereby in position to permit the door to clear the member necaoe'r underframe, a tiltable car body provided with a side door, and a door control comprising a single door locking lever pivoted to the car body and controlled thereby, one end of said lever movable into locking engagement with the door and the other end movable into bearing engagement with said underframe, said lever substantially filling the space between said underframe and door when the car body is in its normal righted position'and thus tending to maintain the door in closed position when the car body isrighted.

11. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe, a tiltable car body provided with a side door, and a single door locking lever pivoted to the car body and controlled thereby, one end of, said lever movable into locking engagement with the door and the other end movable .into bearing engagement with said underframe when moved towards the same, said lever substantially filling the space between said underframe and thus tending to maintain the door closed when the car body is in its normal righted position, said car body having a tilting movement about an axis substantially coinciding with the axis of the lever whereby when the car body is tilted about said axis the lever remains in fixed position relative to the underframe and the door clears the coacting end of said locking lever and is permitted to fall into open position.

12. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe, a car body adapted to tilt about trunnions on said under frame for dumping to either side, a lever connected to said car body in the line of one of the trunnions, a side door for said car body adjacent said trunnion, said lever acting on the door to maintain the same in closed position when the car body is in its normal righted position and when said door side is elevated and adapted to be moved into bearing engagement with the underframe when the door side is depressed to release its locking engagement with the door.

13. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe, a tiltable car body provided with a side door, a door locking lever pivoted to the car body intermediate its ends, with one end adapted to bear on the door to secure the same in closed position and the other end adapted to be moved into engagement with the underframe to hold the lever in positive fixed relation to the underframe when the car body is dumped, the pivotal connection between the lever and car body being above a line connecting the points of contact of the lever with the door and under frame and resilient means acting on the lever and tending to maintain the same in door look-- ing position when the lever is lifted with the car body clear of the underframe.

14. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe, a tiltable dump car provided with a side door, a door locking lever having one end fashioned to engage said door and having its other end fashioned to abut against the under-' frame and thus form a compression lock between the door and underframe, a pivotal connection between the lever and car body positioned above a line passing through the points of engagement of the lever with the door and underframekthereby to form a, toggle lock for the door.

15. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe, a tiltable dump car provided with a side door, a door locking lever having one end fashioned to engage said door and having its other end fashioned to abut against the underframe and thus form a compression lock between the door and underframe, a pivotal connection between the lever and car body positioned above a line passing through the points of engagement of the lever with the door and underframe there-= by to form a toggle lock for the door and a spring acting on the lever and tending to main tain the same in position locking the door in closed position.

16. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe and a tiltable car body provided with a side door, a door controlling lever pivoted to the car body and normally having one end engaging the door to lock the same in closed position, the other end of the lever being bifurcated to provide an upper arm for engaging an upper surface of the underframe and a depending arm for engaging a side surface of the underframe to limit inward rotation of said lever and said car body provided with a stop for limiting the upward movement of said upper arm in all positions of the car body.

17. In a dump car, the combination of a tiltable car body provided with a side door, a lever pivoted to the car body and constituting a door lock of the compression type, said lever having one end adapted to bear on the door to maintain the same in closed position and having its other end bifurcated, one of said bifurcated ends adapted to bear on a side of an underframe to transmit strains on the door directly to the underframe and the other bifurcated end adapted to ride over the underframe and said car body provided with a door control stop for restraining any tendency of said last named arm to elevate itself as it moves across the underframe.

18. In a dump car, the combination of a tiltabl car body provided with a side door, a door looking lever confined to the car body and adapted to engage one door to secure the same in closed position and spring controlled means acting on the lever and tending to maintain the same in its door locking position.

19. In a dump car, the combination of a tiltable car body provided with a side door, a door looking lever confined to the car body and adapted to engage the door to secure the same in closed position, spring controlled means acting on the lever and tending to maintain the same in its door locking position and an underframe disposed in the path of movement of the lever when it is moved into position with the car body lowered from its normal righted position and acting on the lever to hold the same against the tension of said spring and in position substantially fixed relative to the underframe and said door when lowered with the car body capable of escaping from the lever when so held whereby the door is permitted to open. i

20. In a dump car, the combination of a center sill provided on its upper side with a socket having a flat'bottom, a tiltable car body provided with a socket engagingmember contained in said socket and having a flat bottom resting on the flat bottom of the socket when the car body is in its normal righted position and coacting with the socket to restrain relative horizontal movement between the car body and center sill while permitting dumping movement of the car body.

21. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe, a car body mounted thereon for dumping movement in both lateral directions and provided with side doors on each side thereof, a door closing and locking means for each door controlled by the tilting movement of the car body and secured thereto, said means being confined to the side of the car body adjacent the door controlled thereby, said means having all of its parts positioned to one side of its associated door, adapted to bear on the door to close the same but otherwise independent of the door movement whereby the door may be moved from an open into a closed position independent of said means, and said means being disposed so that the two means controlling opposite doors may be disposed in transverse alignment.

22. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe including a center sill and a pair of oil-centered outbearing supports, a car body normallysupported solely on the center sill while the car body is in its normal righted position, and adapted to be dumped selectively to either side about said off-centered out-bearing supports as fulcrums, means between the center sill and car body for resisting relative longitudinal movement of the car body while on the center sill and means between the car body and said outbearing supports for resisting both longitudinal and transverse movement of the car body on the underframe while the car body is in its normal righted position.

23. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe including a center sill, a tiltable car body normally resting on said center sill having a broad based engagement therewith, an outbearing support forming a part of the underframe and located beneath the tiltable car body when the same is resting on said center sill, said car body being provided with a bearing member positioned beneath the car body above and normally spaced from said outbearing support whereby strains from the car body are transmitted directly to the central portion of the underframe and not through the outbearing support, and said car body adapted when tilted towards the side provided with the bearing member to move the same into engagement with said support and thus provide an outbearing hinge connection between the car body and underframe during the dumping movement of the car body.

24. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe provided with a rugged center sill and a pair of outbearing supports on opposite sides thereof, a car body widely supported in substantially stable equilibrium directly on said center sill when in normal righted position and movable selectively into engagement with and rotated about one of said supports as a fulcrum when the car body is tilted from its normal righted position towards said support.

25. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe including a center sill having a top plate and outwardly extending cross members, said cross members provided with trunnions about which the car body turns during dumping, a car body supported when in normal righted position entirely on and transversely across said center sill top plate and transferring its weight selectiveentirely on said center sill in substantially stable equilibrium and transferring its weight selectively to said trunnions only when tilted from its normal righted position and said trunnions acting normally to ,permit slight lateral rocking of the car body on the center sill and acting to prevent abnormal rocking of the car body.

27. In a dump car, the combination of an underframe provided with a centrally positioned socket having a wide flat bottom, a car body mounted on the underframe for lateral dumping movement selectively towards either side, said car body provided with a depending extension having a flat underside normally seated on the flat bottom of said socket and adapted to be raised clear of the socket when the car body is dumped.

28. In a dump vehicle, an underframe, a dump body tiltable for dumping at either side about rocking fulcrums spaced laterally from the center of said underframe, downfolding side doors pivoted to said body at each side thereof, gravity held locking means at each side of the dump body, the means at each side consisting of a single pivotally mounted lever solely connected on said body, disconnected from but bearing on its adjacent door to hold said door closed while the body has been tilted about the fulcrum on the side opposite said door, and means on the frame engaged by said lever to release its locking engagement with its associated door when the body turns about the fulcrum at the side adjacent said door.

29. In a dump vehicle, an underframe, a dump body mounted centrally thereof on the underframe during normal transport and tiltable from said normal position for dumping at either side about fulcrums at opposite sides of said underframe, said fulcrums being spaced apart to prevent accidental dumping while permitting 2. limited rocking movement of the dump body on the underframe during normal transport, a downfolding door at each side of said body, devices associated with each door for independently, automatically and selectively controlling the opening and closing of the door when said body is tilted toward and from dumping position, and for holding said door closed when said body is elevated for dumping at the other side, said devices being located wholly at the same side of the medial plane through said body as the door with which they are associated.

30. In a dump vehicle, an underframe, a dump body centrally supported during normal transport and tiltable therefrom for dumping at either side about fulcrums at opposite sides of said underframe during dumping, said fulcrums being spaced apart to prevent accidental dumping, a downi'olding door at each side of said body, independent devices for each door for automatically, independently and selectively controlling the opening and closing of the door through which dumping is to be effected, and for holding the door closed at the elevated side during dumping, said devices acting to prevent the opening of the doors when said body is supported on the underframe in transport position, said devices being located wholly at the same side of the medial plane through saidjoody as the door with which they are associated. v i f 31. In a dump vehicle, an underframe, a dump body centrally supported during normal transport and rockable selectively about fulcrums at opposite sides of said frame during dumping,

said fulcrums being spaced apart to prevent acbody to fold down for opening, and independent devices for each door for automatically, independently and selectively controlling the opening and closing of the door through which dumping is to be effected, throughout the entire opening movement of the door relative to the body, said devices acting to prevent the opening of the doors when said body is supported on said underframe in transport position, each of said door operating devices being located wholly at the same side of the medial plane through said body as the door with which they are associated. I

32. In a dump vehicle, the combination of an underframe, a dump body mounted thereon for lateral dumping in both directions, downfolding doors at each side of the dump body, fulcrum means at opposite sides of the vehicle for securing the dump body against accidental dumping during normal transport, means for mounting the car body on the underframe with the body weight substantially centered at the longitudinal medial plane through said body during normal transport and said center of body weight shifting laterally therefrom towards the depressed side and said dump body engaging and turning about the adjacent fulcrum means during dumping, independent devices ior each door for controlling the opening and closing movement of the door on the depressed side of the vehicle and for securing in closed position the door on the elevated side of the dumped vehicle, each of said door controlling devices being located wholly at the same side of the medial plane through said body as the door with which they are associated and said devices each including an element pivoted to the dump body and bearing on the door but otherwise free of the same, said devices acting to elevate and then hold the door in locked position and the door for the time being on the depressed side free to move towards its closed position independently of its associated control device.

33. In a dump vehicle, the combination of an underframe, a dump body tiltable for dumping to either side, downfolding side doors for said dump body pivoted thereto, said doors provided with depending cam forming extensions, independent door controlling devices for each of said doors mounted solely on the body, located beneath the floor of the dump body, disconnected from but adapted to engage and slide along the cam forming extension on the associated door for automatically, independently and selectively regulating the opening of the associated door and to positively close the door when the dump body is tilted for dumping and to hold the door closed at the elevated side during dumping, said devices locatedwholly at the same side of the medial plane through said body as the door with which they are associated and acting as a compression lock to prevent the opening of the doors when said body is supported in transport position.

34. In a dump vehicle, the combination of an underframe, a dump body tiltable for dumping to either side, downfolding side doors for said body pivoted thereto, independent devices for independently and automatically controlling the opening and closing of the doors when said body is tilted toward and from dumping position and for holding said doors closed when the. body is elevated for dumping at the other side, said deices each comprising a single pivoted lever mounted solely on the dump body, located wholly at the same side of the medial plane through said body as the door with which it is associated, and the door for the time being on the depressed side being free of its control device whereby the lowered door may be moved towards its closed position independent of said control device.

ROY E. CARTZDAFNER.

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