US1963506A - Radiator - Google Patents

Description

June 19, 1934.

E. SCHUTZ RADIATOR l0 l 1I Filed Nov. l, 1952 lairi llllllll Il lllillll Patented June 19, 1934 RADIATOR n Schtz, Baden, Switzerland, ,assignorgto Aktiengesellschaft Oederlin Switzerland & Co., Baden, y

Applieetien November 1, 193j2, 'semil N6. 646,57; In Switzerland December 7,"1931 8 Claims.

My invention relates to radiators Of the kind comprising indirectly heated heat-exchange 'surfaces, and has for one of its objects to provide an irnprovedcons'truction which shall be more eiiicient than those knownheretofore o Iro this end, in a radiator of the kind described, according to the invention, the heating elements conducting the heating medium are arranged in the middle ofrheat-exchange cases with which they are in direct metallic connection along their entire length kand divide the cases into chimneylikeair channels. In thilsrway a doubleheating eiect is Yproduced as described hereinafter.'

`VAccording to a feature of the invention, the 1 said cases open below and above respectivelyinto ahollow base and a header having a removable COVGI- f Preferably, the saidrcases extend transversely of the header, and from each two chimneys vat oppositesides ofwanallotted heating element, which are approoxirnatelythe same lengthoas the heating elements, and vareso arranged thatwbef tweenthe casesaifrej space is left through which the air to Ybe heated can flow.' o o j Conveniently, the endi peoesorhaders' formed as containers are` surrofllll'dfd` eachV by Y a bex-V like ,housing to Whohlihe lower ,andunnor ends ofthe Said ,oaSS arooonneoted; andiform there.-V withman envelope or covering,whichncreases the suction action of the ,ehjinineys'v o A, l

o According to anetherofeaturelof the invention; the,1watexchange cases are of rectangular Crosssection and arey arranged'so spaeedapgart that the free. `Spano between them. assures' an .approximately uniform velocity ofthe air to be heated theroin. heatingA elements andthe hoatrexohanges may consist ofv a1me`tal of high thermall conductivity,'the formerlpreferably being of copper.'V L n One enbodmenof the. invention.. is. diagrammatically illustrated'by'way,ofhexample'in the acoolnnanyingfdrawnajwh'erein l ,.Feno 1" .isa .side elevation, partly in. Y$60,110.11, showing one form ofiradiator according to the in'-` ventoni i Figure 2 isa vertical sect through the same, FigureY 3: is a tophplan,y`1eW,mm ,Y n o Figure 4 is aL horizontal section taken on'the 1ine..fi -4y in Figure'l, and" FigureS isaperspective-view of the radiator drawn to a smaller scale than Figures 1 to 4.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of a modification. Like reference characters designate like parts e throughout the several views.

" Referring to the drawing, an upper header 1 'anda lower header 2 voi the radiator arejconnected by tubular heating elements 3 which-conyeyjhe heating medium, and are composed of,V arnetal. of highthermal conductivity, e. g. ,oopperforrp'rovidinga rapidtransrnission of heat. The veaders 1 `Zhave inadditon thfo ns'ualn'ine Connections 5 and 6, respectively, `which when the radiator is4 oonnectedto a hotwater pipo., enableA the hot water mfiewin the direction indicated by 5rrows shownby broken lines., 6L `Vy`Each heating element'is s Vrrounded, by a heatfexchah'ge lcase ,'7 of vrecta Aguiar contour lin the; mmdiegefrwhienit is s ted, o r approxi.- 'rnaUlY Sov. These Cases are so arrangodlthatthe longer sides of each rectangle lie transversely of the direction oflength of,the,radiator.1'1h cases '7A are connected with one anotherbelow by abx; lilgerh'ollow socket ,or, base. 8 supported` onA the lovfergheader 2.. .The upperend,of ,theicasing formed in' sections in'` thisuna'nn'er .is` closed by 75 apex-like remvablecfoverl` lOQWhich hasat the top;` air out1et1s',.l0f and isl supported' by itsends and ribs ,1,1'` between thelatl ontheili'pelrheadT er 1 ,Owi'ngto thisconstruc'tion of the outer ycasing eig-eine@ chimneysA iig am; 12' ferthe eireue 80 lation of air are formed at eitherssidepf, each heating element3r.y The casesk fl arein `directth" mal connection with the heating elements Yalofngwsubstantiallfy their entirelen'gth and.` are thereby heatedimqireeuy by .theneaung medium.

A 'lntliis way, adouble,heatingeffect 'of ythe radia.. torisproduced, firstly by ythe cuter faces of the cases 7 by heat exchange to theA surrounding vair, andY Secondly byv columns .ofe'r .that Vrise `in the 'seid' cnnneysenonow ,along thnheenng ele- 9 ments and the inner. ,faces of the heat-,exchange caseswhich may also be'comp'osed rof a, metallo@ vhigh thermal conductivity in' order to promote heat'transmissionL A Y v A'Slis Shown in Fia, 6 ,th hoatngelexnentsl 95 are situatednearer tov one end ofK theWheat-ex;- c'han'ge cases? than to the opposite sideuof them. Ilyhis particular arrangement of the heatingele; ments` in the1 cases '7 effectsva strongerlheating Qfthe foi-mer'` side' of the easesthaonefothe ep'pf OO Is,ite,side. If the radiator vis positioned closey to a; wail, er `in the `same with the Aend' ef pheoeases "1 lessneated opposite, ,the wan. the loss of. bien '53" ra'fiitionis.'.Smallrjtnanwhere. nenoating 'elrets'are located' inV- the Iddle of the heat'- 105 exchange cases.

The cases '7 may be of any other convenient form and this possibility enables the radiator Y to be shaped corresponding to its architectural ne environment, both as regards the room in which H0 it is placed and any furniture that may be present. For this purpose, the base and cover of the casing may also be of any desired shape.

One advantage of the improved construction of radiator is that after the removal of the cover, the radiator and the inner walls of the casing can be readily cleaned. Preferably, the casing is also made of copper in order to adapt its color to its surroundings by suitable surface treatment, as, for example, by chemical action.

The radiator of course may also be used with other heating media than water, as, for example, steam.

Tests have shown that the described radiator made of copper and delivering the same amount of heat to the surrounding air occupies considerably less space and weighs less than a cast-iron radiator as constructed heretofore. In addition, the volumetric space for the heating medium of the copper radiator is much less than that of the cast-iron radiator, so that the former is capable, under otherwise like conditions, of heating up more rapidly.

The following comparative numerical results have been obtained.

Whereas when heating up a cast-iron radiator constant temperatures were obtained only after minutes in the inow and outow pipes, they were attained in the described copper radiator after only 22 minutes. With the same cubic contents the copper radiator has about 52% more heat transmission than the cast-iron radiator. With the same delivery of heat a cast-iron radiator hasY 213% more weight than the improved copper radiator and 86% more cubic content.

I claim:

1. In a radiator, in combination with lower and upper headers, and a plurality of tubular heating elements connecting the same, a plurality of heatexchange cases each surrounding a heating element, said heating elements being in direct metallic connection with their heat exchange cases along their entire length and dividing them into two chimney-like compartments, and hollow members connecting the upper and lower ends of said heat exchange cases being in detachable engagement therewith.

2. Ina radiator, in combination with lower and upper headers, and a plurality of tubular heating elements connecting the same, a hollow base 0n the lower header, a hollow head piece at the upper header, and a plurality of heat-exchange cases each surrounding a tubular heating element and opening intorsaid base and said head piece, said heating elements each being in direct metallic contact with its allotted case along its entire length and dividing it into two air chambers each constituting a chimney.

3. In a radiator, in combination with upper and lower headers, and a plurality of tubular heating elements connecting the same, a hollow base on the lower header, a hollow head piece mounted on the upper header, and a plurality of heat-exchange cases each surrounding a heating element and opening into said base and said head piece, said heating elements being in direct metallic contact with their surrounding case along their entire length and dividing them into two air chambers each constituting a chimney, said cases and heating elements being substantially equal in length and so arranged as to leave a free space between adjacent cases for the iiow of air to be heated.

4. In a radiator, in combination with lower and upper headers, and a plurality of tubular heating elements connecting the same, a casing therefor comprising a box-like base part embracing the lower header, a box-like head part mounted on and embracing the upper header, and a plurality of tubular cases each surrounding a heating element and connecting said base and head part, each of said heating elements being in direct metallic contact with its surrounding case along its entire length and dividing it into two air chambers each constituting a chimney.

5. In a radiator, in combination with upper and lower headers, and a plurality of tubular heating elements connecting the same, a hollow base part on the lower header, a hollow head part on the upper header, and a plurality of tubular cases each of rectangular cross-section and each surrounding a heating element and each placing said base and head part into open communication one with the other, each of said heating elements being in direct metallic contact with its surrounding case and dividing it into air-chambers constituting each a chimney, said cases being so arranged spaced apart in the direction of length of the headers that said ree spaces between them permits an approximately uniform velocity of flow of the air to be heated rising therein.

6. A combination of parts as set forth in claim 2, characterized in that said base and head piece as well as the said cases consist of copper having a surface treatment adapted to Suit its environment.

7. A radiator comprising in combination lower and upper headers, a plurality of tubular copper heating elements connecting the same, a copper box-like base embracing the lower header, a copper box-like head piece surrounding the upper header and having a removable cover, and a plurality of copper tubular cases each of rectangular cross-section and each surrounding a heating element and each connecting said base and head piece each heating element being in direct metallic contact with its surrounding case along its entire length and dividing it into two air-chambers constituting chimneys, which cases are spaced apart in the direction of length of the headers and have said chimneys situated at opposite sides of the heating elements with the longer side of each rectangle lying transversely of the said direction of length.

8. In combination with a radiator comprising upper and lower headers and a plurality of tubular heating elements connecting the same, a plurality of tubular cases each enclosing a related heating element, said cases being of greater cross sectional area than said heating elements to provide air spaces between the cases and the heating elements, each case being in direct contact throughout its length with its related heating element, said cases being spaced apart to provide air spaces therebetween, said cases being open at their Lipper and lower ends, and a hollow head piece enclosing the upper header and the upper ends of said cases, said head piece having air egress openings therein.

EDWIN sCHTz.

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