US1948188A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 20, 1934. D B, R 'BERT 1,948,188

1 OIL BURNER Filed Feb 21, 1930 @mwawzaa,

Patented Feb. 20, 1984 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 3 Claims.

My invention relates to oil burners and more particularly to those for household or domestic use, but I do not confine myself to any particular kind of burner. Generally stated, the object of my invention is to attain the ideal conditions,

as near as possible, of maximum utilization of fuel oil and thus achieve economy in operation, and elimination of noise during burning and prevention of coking on the burner tip.

My invention affects different elements or members in the apparatus and while most advantageous results are secured by embodying all in one burner or apparatus, it is to be understood that I do not confine myself to the presence of all in the same apparatus and the scope of protection of my invention is to be determined from the terms or scope of my claims.

My invention consists in whatever is described by or is included within the terms or meaning the claims.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section with parts in elevation of enough of a furnace embodying my invention as is sufficient to illustrate or exemplify the same;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are, respectively, views in section of different portions from pump to tip of means for supplying fuel from a source .of supply to the fire pot;

Fig. 6 is a detail view in side elevation of the upper end of a rotary tube employed in connection with a, non-rotary or stationary fuel-issuing tip or burner.

The type of burner forming the subject of my invention is one employing a motor-driven pump located in the ashpit of the furnace which draws fuel oil from a suitable source of supply, such as a tank, from the eduction side of which pump the oil passes through a vertical pipe to a burner or tip at the top thereof, situated in the fire pot and from which oil is issued, atomized by accompanying air iss'uingjrom the tip under pressure. The most advantageous form of atomized oil issuing from the tip is that of a thin horizontal disc or circular sheet because at once the fuel and flame produced from its ignition is delivered in every direction in the fire pot.

The heater shown in the drawing has a base or ashpit, 10, on the top of which is a hot water boiler, 11, within which is the combustion chamber or fire pot. Within the ashpit is placed an electric motor, 12, having a, hollow armature shaft, 13, to the lower end of which is keyed the impeller or rotor, 14, of the rotary pump which,

, in a way not necessary to describe, sucks oil and air for atomization from a source of supply, such as a storage tank, and'which discharges them by means of a port, 15, into the lower end of a vertical tube, 16, which extends up through the hollow armature shaft, 13, the lower end of the tube, 16, being fixedly secured in the pump base, 1'7, and the tube thereby supported in a stationary, non-rotary position. At its upper end the stationary tube, 16, reaches into the fire pot or combustion chamber, 18, and into such upper end is screwed the tubular shank of a burner tip, 19, in the form of a solid disc that extends across and closes the top of the tube, 16, so that oil and air, passing upward through the tube, will be stopped and deflected or spread horizontally in every direction through numerous horizontal 'holes, 20, that radiate in every direction. Be-

yond the holes, 20, the tip, 19, has a circular or annular lip, 21, which extends downward at a slight inclination so that the numerous streams issuing from the holes 20, encountering said lip will be coalesced and produce a continuous thin, circular, or disc-like, sheet that is directed horizontally in every direction within the fire pot, 18. Thus, no rotation of the burner tip, 19, is necessary to secure the uniform distribution of the fuel and the flame produced by the ignition thereof in every direction within the fire pot, 18.

Deposits of carbon upon the burner tip in the path-of fuel issuing from the tip are objectionable in that they impair the action of the burner. I,,therefore, provide means which will prevent any collection or accumulation ofcarbon which would have that effect. Such means, in the embodiment of my invention shown in the drawing, comprise a tube, 24, secured to and projecting upward from the armature shaft, 13, which surrounds and is spaced from the tube, 16, and which at its upper end reaches closes to the lip, 21, so that a narrow annular space, exists between the lip and the upper end of the tube, 24. Tube 24 and armature shaft, 12,, are secured together by a clamp which comprises a 100 nut, 22, and a packing thimble, 23.

The tube, 24, is rotated by reason of its connection with the armature shaft and the oil and air being directed over the upper end thereof, in a spray or atomized oil, a whirling action is given to the atomized oil which causes it, obviously, to break up or dislodge any carbon tending to deposit on the adjacent under surfaces of the nozzle tip. To promote the impartation of this whirling motion to the spray, the upper 1 end of the tube, 24, may, as shown in Fig. 6, be serrated or provided with teeth, 25.

In the bottom of the fire pot, 18, is a hearth that. includes radially placed, segmental blocks,

29, that are supported at their inner ends by the bottom of the fire pot, their positionbeing substantially horizontal, although they slant at a slight incline outward and upward. These blocks are hollow, or chambered, so that they have bottom and top walls, but no wall at their inner ends so that air flowing upward through a central opening, 26, in the hearth plate, under the furnace draft, will flow into the hollow blocks and then pass upward through holes, 30, in the top thereof into the fire pot. Thus, the air flowing into the fire pot moves upward and the blocks are so constructed and arranged as to produce this result, because it has been found that if air is introduced into the fire pot from the sides, from similar blocks so that it flows horizontally toward the flame, it results in a disturbance of thefiame which rolls it back upon itself and towards the burner tip and tends to cause coke or carbon deposits on the nozzle, and it also tends to drive the flame downward into the ashpit through such openings as lead from the fire pot into the ash-pit. The blocks, 29, are of ceramic material which becomes readily heated by the fire and, being perforated, or porous, or

of a honey-combed nature, the air passing through them is in intimate contact with the heated surfaces and is thus preheated before its delivery to the fire pot and is thus in a heated state when it reaches the flame. It is essential to supply air in addition to that which accompanies the oil to the burner tip because that supplied to the burner tip is not sufiicient to support combustion, but its primary purpose is to atomize the oil or convert it into a readily burning spray. It is found that the delivery of preheated air to the flame for combustion results in diminution Leas es of noise which results from the supply of in a heated state.

The burner shown in the drawing is supplied with electric igniting means, but that forms no part of the present invention and need not be described.

What I claim is:

1. An oil burner having a burner tip'with an annular lip, means to issue oil and air outward to and past such lip, a stationary support for said tip on which it is mounted non-rotatably, and means to impart a whirling motion to the stream flowing outward across the lip comprising 'a rotatable element contiguous to said lip, an oil pump having a rotary member, means to convey oil from pump to tip and means operatively connecting said rotary element and said rotary member. 2. An oil burner having a burner'tip with an annular lip, means to issue oil and air outward to and past such lip comprising a pump with a rotating element, a stationary support for said tip, and means to impart a whirling motion to the stream flowing outward across the lip, comprising a revolvingmember contiguous to said lip and having a driving connection with said pump element.

, 3. An oil burner having a. burner tip with an annular lip, means to issue oil and air outward ,to and past such lip, a stationary support for said tip, and means to impart a whirling motion to the stream flowing outward across the lip, comprising a revolving member contiguous to said lip, a tube upon which said tip is mounted, an oil and air-mixing pump having a rotary member with an eduction port in communication with the interior said tube, and said means for imparting a w irling motion to the stream fiowing past the lip'kbeing connected with and receiving motion fronithe rotary member.

DAVID B. ROBERTS.

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