US1941865A - Steam boiler and furnace therefor - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 2, 1934. H. 1 KERR 1,941,865

kSTEAM BOILER AND 'FURNACE THEREFOR Filed June'r18. 1930 3 heets-Sheet l ATTORNEYS.

Jan. 2, 1934. H J KERR 1,941,865

STEAM BOILER AND FURNACE THEREFOR Filed June 18. 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig Z- AINVENTOR 77 MATToRNEYs.

Jan. 2, 1934.

H. u, KERR STEAM BOILR AND FURNACE THEREFOR V3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed June 18, 1930 boocooooooooooncooocoooooooooooo ooooooooooooo INVENTOR aww/ BY 2 l, l ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 2, 1934 UNITED STA STEAM BOILEB AND FUaNAcE 'rnEaEFon Howard J. Kerr, Westileld, N.A J., assigner to The Babcock & Wilcox Company, Bayonne, N. J.,

a corporation of New Jersey Application June 18, 1930. Serial No. 461,864

17 Claims.

My invention more particularly relates to a steam boiler and furnace with wall cooling tubes for the furnace arranged in two decks or sections.

My invention will best be understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in which I have illustrated a preferred embodiment of my invention, and in which Fig. 1 is a vertical section through Fig. 2 illustrating a steam boiler and furnace embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a section, the right-hand portion of which is taken on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1, and the lefthand portion of which is taken on the line 2*--2' lof Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a view similar'to Fig. 1, illustrating the upper portion of the boiler and furnace and showing the steam and water drum in a position different fromthat shown in Fig. 1.

Like reference characters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.

Referring now to the drawings, 10 is an upper steam and water drum, and A and B indicate generally a lower and an .upper section or deck of furnace walls with wall cooling tubes associated therewith, there being a return circulation to the steam and water drum for each set of tubes. I

The lower section or deck comprises lower headers 11 located at opposite ends of the boiler (only one of said headers being illustrated in Fig. 1). Water is supplied from the steam and water drum l0 to the header l1 at the left of Fig. l by tubes 12, and to the header 11, which is not illustrated in Fig. 1, by tubes 13 (see Fig. l). The header 1l at the left of Fig. 1 is connected to an upper header 14 associated with the lower deck or section of the wall by wall cooling tubes 15. The headers 11 and 14 are also connected by tubes 151 which, with the tubes 15, form a local circulation between the headers.

The header 14 is connected to the steam and water drum by a row of riser tubes 16 which are distributed along said header. The other header 1l is connected to an intermediate header 17 by a row of wall cooling tubes 18. The header 17 is connected to an upper header 19 associated with the upper deck or section by tubes 20 which are inclined upwardly and inwardly to a point 21 from the header 17 to form a roof 201 over the lower portion of the furnace. From the point 2l, the tubes 20 extend vertically along the furnace wall to the header 19, the tubes 20 serving to cool the walls of said roof and the vertical walls. From the header lg, riser tubes 22 extend upwardly to the upper steam and water drum 10.

The headers l1 and 19 at the end of the boiler are connected by tubes 23 forming a local circulation between said headers, the upward flow of fluid being through the intermediate header 1'?. L

A header 24 is located adjacent to the lower portion of the upper deck B (see Fig. 1), and water from the water space of the drum is supplied thereto by tubes 25. Riser tubes 26 extend upwardly from the header and cool the associated wall, and from the point 28 slope lupwardly and. inwardly, as at 29above the upper section of the furnace chamber, the sloping portion of these tubes also cooling the associated wall of the roof. From the inner end of the roof, the tubes 29 extend upwardly and communicate with the steam and water drum 10.

A header 31 is also associated with the upper deck or section of the furnace walls, and tubes 32 connect the water space of the steam and water drum with said header. Riser tubes 33 extend upwardly from the header 31 to a point 34 where the tubes are bent and slope upwardly and outwardly, as at 35, and are connected to a header 36 which is, in turn, connected to the steam and water drum by tubes 37. The sloping portions 35 of the tubes cool a. roof 38 which is a continuation of the roof 29, the two ' roof portions 29 and 38 forming a complete roof over the top of the combustion chamber. As will be noted from Fig. 1, the upper ends of the tubes 33 are bare, and some of the tubes are bent while others are straight, to provide passages for the flow of gases from the upper end of the contracted portion of the furnace chamber to the upper right-hand portion of the furnace chamber, as viewed in Fig. 1. j

A header 39 Fig.,2) is located ach'acent to one of the side walls of the furnace. This header.is connected to an upper header 40 by wall cooling tubes 41 enclosed in a'wil 42, and circulation tubes 43 also connect the two headers to provide a local circulation therebetween. Water is supplied to the lower header 39 by tubes 44 which are connected to the'water space fof the steam and water drum, the upper. header 40 being also connected to the steam and water drum by riser tubes (not illustrated).

A header 45 at the opposite side of the boiler is connected toan upper header 46 by wall cooling tubes 47, other tubes 48 connecting the headers l5 and 46 to provide a local circulation therebetween. Water is supplied from the steam and water drum to the lower header 45 by tubes 49 which communicate with the water space of th steam and water drum.

The upper deck or section of the furnace comprises a header 50 which is connected to an upper header 5i by wall cooling tubes 52. Water is supplied to the lower vheader 50 by tubes 55 which are connected to the water space of the steam and water drum 10. Other-tubes 511 connect the drum 51 to the steam and water drum. Tubes 54 also connect the hders 50 and 5l.

to provide a local circulation.

An economizer indicated generally at C is located between an end wall of the upper deck or section of the furnace and the outer wall or casing 56 of the boiler. Water is supplied to the inlet header 5'7 of the economizer and passes in a generally upward direction through the economizer tubes 58 which extend back and forth across a flue 59 to an outlet header 60 which is connected to the steam and water drum by tubes 61.

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated, a superheater, indicated generally at D, is preferably located above the economizer C, the superheater comprising an inlet header 62 to which steam is conducted from the steam space of the steam and water drum 10 by tubes 63. Superheater tubes 64 connect the inlet header 62 of the superheater to the outlet header 65, the tubes preferably being bent and extending back and forth across the flue a plurality of times.

Burners 66 extend through the walls at each end of the furnace, and air for combustion purposes, which may be preheated by an air heater which is not fully illustrated in the drawings, is supplied through ducts 67.

Referring to Fig. 1, it will be noted that header 14 associated with the lower deck and which is located adjacent to the header 24 for the upper deck, is mounted on a common standard 69, which is, in turn, mounted on a fixed structure 70. This construction permits the upper wall section to expand upwardly away from the header 24. and the lower wall section to expand downwardly in the opposite direction away from the header 14. Similarly, the headers 19 and 31 are mounted on a common standard 71 which is, in turn, mounted on a fixed structure 72.

Referring to Fig. 2, it will be noted that the headers 46 and 50 are also mounted on a common standard '73 which is, in turn, mounted on a fixed structure 74. i

The operation of the boiler will readily be understood from the foregoing description and is as follows:

The lower enlarged space beneath the roof 201 f orms a comparatively large primary combustion chamber which is of sufcient Width from one end to the other of the boiler to prevent the flame from the burner 66 from impinging against the opposite wall and injuring the same. After leaving the primary combustion chamber, the gases pass upwardly through the contracted portion of the furnace chamber, which forms a secondary combustion chamber and where the combustion is completed. From the upper contracted portion of the furnace chamber, the

gases pass between the portions of the tubes 33 into the space above the superheater D and thence pass across the tubes of the superheater and downwardly over the tubes of the econornizer to an outlet flue 68.

Fig. 3 of the drawings illustrates the upper steam and water drum located at the left-hand side of the figure instead of the right-hand as in Fig. 1.

By providing an upper and lower deck or section of the furnace wallswith respect to the wall cooling tubes, adequate heating surface for the boiler is provided. At the same time, the tubes in the upper section are not subjected to as high a temperature as would be thev case if the tubes were continuous throughout the furnace wall. The roof 201 also forms a shielding means at least partly preventing radiant heat from the lower or primary combustion chamber from reaching the tubes in the upper section B of thc furnace wall.

The boiler and economizer, together with the superheater, fall within a rectangle outside of which are the supporting columns '75 so that the whole arrangement is compact and economizes floor space.

Certain features shown herein and not specically claimed are more fully described and are claimed in my copending application Ser. No. 337,295.

While I have shown the invention as embodied in a specific form, it is to be understood that various changes in details may be made without departing from the scope of the invention, and I therefore do not intend to limit myself except by the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In combination, a steam boiler, a furnace, an upper steam and water drum, two sections of furnace wall cooling tubes located at different levels, and connections between said sets of furnace wall tubes and said steam and water drum so constructed that separate circulations therefor are provided, the lower section of the furnace being provided with a roof extending towards the center of the boiler, wall cooling tubes of said lower section extending along said roof to cool the same.

2. In combination, a steam boiler, a furnace,

an upper steam and water drum, two sections of furnace wall cooling tubes located at different levels, connections between said sets of furnace Wall tubes and said steam and water drum so constructed that separate circulations therefor are provided, the lower section of the furnace being provided with a roof extending towards the center of the boiler, wall cooling tubes 'of said lower section extending along said roof to cool the same, and an economizer located above said roof.

3. In combination, a steam boiler, a furnace, an upper steam and water drum, two sections of furnace wall cooling tubes located at different levels, connections between said sets of furnace wall tubes and said steam and water drum so constructed that separate circulations therefor are provided, the lower section of the furnace being provided with a roof extending towards the center of the boiler, wall cooling tubes of said lower section extending along said roof to cool the same, and an economizer located above said roof, the gases from the furnace flowing upwardly in said furnace and .then downwardly over the tubes of said economizer.

4. In combination, a furnace having two sections of furnace wall cooling tubes located at dierent levels, headers to which the respective sets of tubes are connected, headers for two adjacent sections being located adjacent to each A' other, a common support for the headers of two adjacent sections, the respective sections being expansible in opposite directions from said commori support, means cooperating with each one of said sets of cooling tubes to form therewith a circulation system, whereby a cooling medium may ilow through each set of tubes independently of the others.

5. In combination, a furnace comprising an upsections for creating circulation therein, said lowlower section comprising a roof extending above a portion of the lower furnace chamber and an economizer located above said roof, the structure comprising the furnace and economizer being approximately rectangular in horizontalcross section, the gases flowing upwardly through a contracted portion of the furnace and at one side of said economizer and thence downwardly over said economizer. A

7. In combination, a furnace comprising an upper and a lower section, an upper steam and water drum, two sections of wall cooling tubes associated with the walls of said upper and lower sections, respectively, connections between said steam and water drum and the respective tube sections for creating circulation therein, said lower section comprising La. roof extending above a portion of the lower furnace chamber and an economizer located above said roof, the structure comprising the furnace and economizer being approximately rectangular in horizontal cross section, the gases flowing upwardly through a contracted portion of the furnace and at one side of said economizer and then downwardly over said economizer, some of the wall cooling tubes extending upwardly above the wall to form bare portions, some of which are bent away from the others to provide passages for the flow of gases.

8. In combination, a furnace having a vertically extending wall, sets of water tubes forming part of said wall with one set above another, a steam and water drum, independent connections from said drum to opposite ends of the tubes in each set, whereby each set of tubes and said drum form a complete circulation system, and means for burning fuel adjacent the bottom of said wall.

9. In combination, a furnace having a vertically extending wall, sets of water tubes forming part of said wall with one set above another, a steam and water drum, independent connections from said drum to opposite ends of the tubes in each set, whereby each set of tubes and said drum form a complete circulation system, means for burning fuel adjacent the bottom of said wall, the lower portion of said wall being directly exposed to radiant heat from said burning fuel, and means at least partly shielding the upper portion of said wall from said radiant heats.

` 10. In combination, a furnace having a vertically extending wall, sets of water tubes forming part of said wall with one set aboveV another, a steam and water drum, independent connections `from said drum to opposite 4ends of the tubes in each set, whereby each set of tubes and said drum form a complete circulation system, means for burning fuel adjacent the bottom of said wall, the lower portion of said'wall being directly exposed to radiant heat from said burning fuel, and the upper portion ofthe furnace having a smaller cross-sectional area than the lower portion thereof, whereby theupper portion of said ing part of said wall with one set above another,

. means cooperating with each one of, said sets to form therewith an independent circulation system whereby a cooling mediurri may flow through each set of tubes independently of the other, and means for burning fuel adjacent the bottom of said wall. v

12. In combination, a steam boiler having an upper steam and water drum, a furnace having two sections of wall cooling tubes located at different levels, connections between said sets of furnace wall tubes and said steam and water drum, said connections being so constructed that separate circulations for said sets of furnace wall tubes are provided, the lower portion of the furnace chamber having a sloping roof extending inwardly from a side wall thereof with tubes of one of said sets of tubes extending along said roof, an economizer located above said roof, and a second sloping roof located above said economizer with tubes of the upper set of tubes extending along said second roof.

13. In combination, a furnace having a vertically extending wall, sets of cooling tubes forming part of said wall with one set above another, means cooperating with each one of said sets of cooling tubes to form therewith a circulation system, whereby a cooling medium may flow through each of said sets of tubes independently of the other, the lower portion of the furnace having a roof extending inwardly towards the center of the furnace, and the wall cooling tubes of one of said sections extending along said roof to cool the same.

14. In combination, a vertically extending fur-- nace having a lower portion of relatively large horizontal cross-section and an upper portion of relatively small horizontal cross-section,1 an inwardly extending roof over part of said lower portion and connecting a wall of' said lower portion to a wall of the upper portion, a substantially continuous vertical wall disposed opposite said' roof and the walls connected therebyand bounding both said lower portion and said upper por- .tion of the furnace, an outlet for furnace gases adjacent the top of said upper portion of the furnace and opposite said continuous wall, a downwardly extending ue connected to said outlet and disposed above said roof and adapted to discharge gases adjacent said roof, a'. boiler comprising sets of cooling tubes forming parts of said walls with one set above another and means cooperating with each one of said sets to form therewith a circulation system, whereby a cooling medium may ow through each set of tubes independently of the other, a heat exchange device associated with said boiler and disposed in said flue, and means for burning a fuel in said furnace.

15. In combination, a furnace having a vertically extending wall, sets of cooling tubes forming part of said wall with one set above another, 14( means cooperating with each one of said sets to form therewith an independent circulation system whereby a cooling medium may flow through each set of tubes independently of the other, and means for burning fuel in said furnace, said means subjecting the tubes in a lower set to more intense heating than those in a higher set.

16. In combination, a furnace having a vertically extending wall, sets of cooling tubes forming part of said wall with one set above another, 15C

means cooperating with each one of said sets to form therewith a. circulation system whereby a cooling medium may ow through each set of tubes independently o,f the other, means for burning fuel in the portion of the furnace bounded by the lower one of said sets, and means for shielding the tubes of an upper set from a part of the radiant heat of said burning fuel in said lower portion.

17. In combination, a vertically extending furnace having a lower portion and an upper portion, with the upper portion of smaller horizontal cross-section than the lower portion, sets of cooling tubes forming part of the walls of said furnace and disposed one above another, said upper portion of the furnace being bounded at least in part by one of said sets and said lower portion being bounded at least in part by a lower set, means cooperating with each one of said sets of cooling tubes to form therewith an independent circulation system, whereby a cooling medium mayl flow through each of said sets of tubes independently of the other, and means for burning fuel in the portion of the furnace bounded by the lowermost set of cooling tubes.

HOWARD J. KERR.

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