US1824764A - Gas generator - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 29, 1931.

C. S. CH RISMANV GAS GENERATUR Filed Oct. 18. 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet l c. s. cHRlsMAN GAS GENERATOR` Filed Oct.

Sept. 29, 1931.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept. 29, 1931.

C. s. CHRISMAN GAS GENERATOR [Filed oct. 18, 192s 3 sheets-sheet s I Patented Sept. 29, 1931 UNITED STATI-:s

PATENT ol-"Flcl-z CHARLES S. CHRISMAN, OF WEST CHESTER, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T THE UNITED GAS IMPROVEMENT COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PEN NSYLVANIA, A CORPORA- TION OE PENNSYLVANIA Application led October 18, 1928.

The present invention relates to gas generators, in which an ignited fuel bed is blasted with air and steam simultaneously or alternately to form water gas and producer gas.

The general object of the invention is to provide improved means for removing the ash and clinker from the fuel bed and the generator mechanically. In other words, to

provide an improved mechanical -grate and.

ash disposal equipment. It particularly provides a means of mechanical ash removal which may be placed in existing gas generators without decreasing the height of the '1 3 fuel bed or raising height of the operating ioor and avoidingthe necessity of a stoking platform. Vhen placed -in existing generators it also does not increase the overall outside diameter of the generator.

lStated generally my invention includes the provision o f a rotatable bosh the lower part of the generator, provided with cutting ribs and a stationary or oppositely rotatable central blast tuyre, preferably also provided with cutting ribs, and a space between the base of the b osh and the central tuyre for the discharge of ash from the fuel bed.

` The invention also provides novel means for the removal of the ash from thegener- 30 ator bottom after its discharge from the fuel bed.

The invention will be described in connection with the accompanying figures in which- Figure 1 shows a vertical cross section 'of a gas generator showing onefom of my grate and ash disposal mechan1sm.

Figure 2 is a horizontal cross sectlon along the line 2-2 in Figure 1.

Figure 3 shows a vertical cross section of the lower part of a generator showing another form of central tuyre.

Figure 4 `is a .plan view vof the grate of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a vertical cross section showing Gas GENERATOR Serial No. 313,203.

the grate of my invention as applied to a hopper bottom generator.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2 2- is the fire brick lining.

3 means for cooling the lower section of the generator.

4 is a gas voiitake.

5 and 6- are steam admissions.

7 is a blast inlet which also may serve as 5. a gas offtake` for down run gas.

8 is the opening for coaling.

9- generally indicates'the fuel bed.

10- is the revolving bosh, provided with the cutting ribs 11 which cooperate with the cutting ribs 16 as hereinafter described.

In the arrangement shown, the bosh is supported by the rollers 12 in suitable bearings (unnumbered) on the bosh and which are carried by a bracket attached' to the shell. The pinion 14 engages teeth 13 on the bosh and rotates it. Any suitable means may be used to` drive the pinion 14.

15- generally indicates the central blast tuyre, which is shown stationary. It is provided with the ribs 16 and the openings 17 for the passage of the gas making fluids into the fuel bed. A space is provided for the discharge of ash from the fuel bed between the bosh and the tuyre. The lower inner 7- face of the bosh, `forming a wall of this space, is provided with the crushing means 19, a tapering reinforcement which decreases the width ofthe space 18 as the bosh rotates. These means 19, in cooperation with the teeth 20- on the base of the tuyre, form jaws, which crush the clinker during discharge.

Due t0 the fact that the point of exit 0f the ashes from the generator is near the center of the generator, and close to the tuyre which admits the blast, there willvbe a tendency for a more complete. consumption of the combustible in the fuel than in other forms of grate. a

The construction insures the passage of the blast through the ash before its discharge.

The bosh carries the plows 21 which are placed at a suitable angle to the radius, and which rotate with the bosh and sweep the bottom of the space 18 moving the ash and clinker outward to the pit 22. This pit is lled with water, sufficiently deep to act as a seal. The conduit 23 communicates with the base of the pit and is provided with means as the conveyor 24 for removing the ashes from the pit to barrows or other means for ash handling. f

The plow 21 may carry the rollers 25, which may roll on a guide mounted on the shell and assists in carrying the outward thrust at the base of the bosh.

Instead of carrying this thrust to the shell, the thrust might be transferred to the tuyre by balls placed in the space 18 in suitable bearings.

In operation, for instance in the manufacture of blue water gas, the fuel bed is blasted with air through 7 and the ports 17, the blast gases going off through 4, an up run is then made with steam supplied through the resulting blue water gas going off through 4 to a Carburettor or gas holder (not shown) a down run may then be made with steam admitted at 5, the resulting water gas passing through the ports 17 and the conduit 7 to storage, fuel may be charged intermittently or continuously by an automatic charger-(not shown).

During the operation the bosh 10 is preferably continuously rotated slowly. The cutting ribs 11 on the bosh 10 grind the clinker at the base of the fuel bed as well as feed the ash and clinker downwardly toward the center. The oppositely positioned ribs 16 on the central tuyre 15 cooperate with the ribs vl1 on the bosh 10 in thrusting the ash and clinker downward toward the ash discharge space 18. Pieces of clinker dropping into this space are crushed by the cooperation of the tapered crushing strips 19 on the rotating bosh and the teeth 20 on the tuyre, which forms jaws which close on the clinker during rotation.

The plows 21 carried by the bosh 10 sweep the ash and clinker out to the pit 22, from which they are removed by the screw conveyor 24 or other suitable means.

It will be seen that my invention provides a mechanical grate, which may be placed in the base of an existing ordinary solid bottom water gas generator, without decasing the depth of the fuel bed and without enlarging the overall diameter of the generator.

The hot ashes dropping in the water in pit 22 will generate a small amount of steam, which will fill the space between the bosh and the shell, and find its way through spacel 18 into the fuel bed.

This will decrease to a small extent the steam required for gas making. The main advantage, however, of this steam generation lies in its tendency to purge out any gas or air that may find a way into the space between the shell and the bosh. It will also cool this space somewhat.

If desired, gas making fluids as air and steam, may be supplied through opening 40 to the space between the bosh and the shell, cooling the bosh and entering the fuel bed through the space 18 between the bosh and the tuyere. all the air and steam up through the central tuyre or introducing some of it through 40 will depend, among other things, upon the method of charging fuel and distributing it in the top of the generator and kind of fuel.

Referring to Figures 3, 4 and 5. These figures indicate a modification of the grate in Figures 1 and 2.

vThe ribs 111 on the rotating bosh 101 are curved instead of straight as in Figure l.

The tuyre 151 is of somewhat different type consisting of superposed rings with ports protected by hoods. l

' The rollers 121 which support thel bosh are set vertical instead of sloping as in Figure 1.

In Figure 4, the arrangement of the plows is shown more clearly. Element 21 (dotted) is a plow sloped back to sweep the ashes outward toward the pit 22 (dotted). The brace 26 extends radially to the roller 25 to transmit the thrust to the shell.

Figure -This figure shows an adapta tion of my invention to a hopper bottom generator.

The bosh is supported on ball bearings as at 27, and ball bearings as 28 are provided to take the outward thrust at the base of the bosh. The blast pipe entering the central tuyre 152 may be provided with a water seal as shown by dotted lines. The revolving bosh cooperates with the tuyre, 152 as in previous figures, to feed the ash and clinker down through the space 18. Below the grate. however, in this modification is the ash hopper 31, provided with the discharge gates 32 and33. The central tuyre is supported on this hopper, for illustration upon beams The desirability of introducing as 30. An annular plate 34 may be provided below the space 18, and provides a shelf support for ash descending through space 18. This permits the discharge of ash from the fuel bed to be governed by the rate of removal of this ash by the plows 29. These plows revolve with the bosh and sweep the ashes from the shelf under the central tuyre and into the hopper. These plows may be adjusted for the desired removal with a certain speed of revolution of the bosh. After the ash has fallen into the hopper, it may be removed as desired through the gates 32 and 33, the use of the two gates permitting the removal during operation of the generator.

ploughs mounted on the outer frusto-conicalv surface, on the opposite side of the rotatable member from the cutter bars, and a central body located in said central opening but spaced from said rotatable member.

2. In a gas generator, a rotatable bosh member havinga central opening through which the ash is expelled, cutter bars mounted on the member and a central body located within the central opening but spaced at a distance from the rotatable member, said central `body being perforated so as to cause the passage of gas or steam therethrough, and cutter bars mounted on the central body, said cutter bars on the rotatable member and on said central body being curved, the curves in the relatively movable cutter bars cooperating to move ashes from fuel downwardly between the rotatable member and the central body, and ploughs mounted on the ro' tatable member on the opposite side from the cutter bars.

3. In a gas Igenerator adapted to contain a solid fuel bed, a rotatable bosh member having a central opening therein', cutter bars mounted thereon, ploughs mounted on the opposite sideiof the rotatable member from the cutter bars, a central body located within the central opening but spaced `from said rotatable member, the cutter bars on the rotatable member and on the central body cooperating to move ashes from the fuel bed downwardly through the opening between the relatively rotatable bodies.

4. In a gas generator, a rotatable bosh member having a central opening therein,

- cutter bars mounted thereon, ploughs mounted thereon on the opposite side from the cutter bars, av central body located within the opening in the rotatable member and spaced therefrom, concentrically therewith, and having teeth thereon, cutter bars mounted on the central body, and crushing means mounted on the rotatable member and cooperating with the teeth mounted on the central body.

5. In a gas generator adapted to contain a solid fuel bed, a rotatable bosh of inverted frustro-conical shape having a central opening therein, a central tuyre located in said opening concentric with said bosh, cutter bars mounted oppositely on said bosh and on said tuyre, crushing means mounted on the lower end of said bosh surrounding said opening, teeth on the lower end of said tuyre opposite said crushing means, said teeth and said crushing means being adapted to crush ashes from said fuel bed when fed into said opening.

6. In a gas generator adapted to contain a solid fuel bed, a rotatable bosh of inverted frustro-conical shape having a central opening therein, a central tuyre located in said opening concentric with said bosh, cutter bars mounted oppositely on said bosh and on said tuyre, crushing means mounted on the lower end of said bosh surrounding said opening, teeth on said tuyre opposite said crushing means, ploughs on said bosh on the side opposite to said cutterbars, and a base supporting said gas generator having a hole therein through which ashes from the fuel bed, which are crushed by said teeth and said crushing means, are removed by said-ploughs, and a water seal to prevent escape of blast applied to the fuel bed.

7. A gas generator comprising a stationary cylindrical shell, a rotatable bosh member at t e lower end of said shell having a central opening therein, cutter bars mounted on said bosh member, a perforated central body located in said central opening, cutter bars mounted on said central body, an ash support beneath said central opening and plouglis mounted on the opposite side of said bosh member from Said cutter bars for removing the ashes from said ash support.

v8f In a gas generator having a cylindrical fuel bed portion, a rotatable bosh member extending completely across the bottom of said cylindrical portion and having a central opening through which ash is expelled, cutter bars. mounted on the rotatable bosh member, a central body located within the central opening but s aced at a distance from the rotatable mem er, said central' body being perforated so as to cause the passage of gas or steam therethrough, and cutter bars mounted on the central body opposite the cutter bars on said bosh member.

9. In a gas generator, a rotatable bosh member of frustro-conical shape having a central opening therein, cutter bars on the inner frustro-conical surface, loughs mounted on said rotatable bosh mem r and spaced from said cutter bars, and a central bod located in said central opening but spaced rom said rotatable bosh member.

fuel bed portion adapted to contain an ignited bed of solid fuel, a .rotatable bosh member extending completely across the bottom of said cylindrical portion and having a central opening therein, a stationary central -tuyre` located in said opening, cooperating means on said bosh and said tuyre to feed ashes from the fuel bed towards said central opening, and

crushing means formed on said bosh and on said tuyre to cooperate to .crush the ashes from the fuel bed between them when fed into said o ening. y

11. n a gas generator adapted to contain a fuel bed, a rotatable inverted frusto-coni cal bosh member at the base of the fuel bed having a central opening therein through which ash is expelled, cutter bars mounted on the member ias and rotatable therewith and adapted to move the ash and clinker from the fuel bed toward said opening, a stationary central body located Within said central opening but spaced at a distance from the rotatable member, said central body being perforated so as to cause the passa-ge of steam therethrough, and crushing means on said bosh member and onsaid central body beneath said cutter bars, said crushing means cooperating to crush clinker rom the fuel bed between them.

CHARLES S. CHRISMAN.

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